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Xu M, Xia L, Li J, Du Y, Dong Z. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures in mice through increasing tau O-GlcNAcylation. Neurosci Lett 2024; 818:137559. [PMID: 37984484 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane, one of the most commonly used general anesthetics for pediatric anesthesia, has recently gained significant attention in both preclinical and clinical settings due to its potential neurotoxicity in the developing brain. Tau phosphorylation, induced by sevoflurane, is recognized as one of the major causes of neurotoxicity. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), a TrkB receptor agonist, has been reported to exhibit potential neuroprotective effects against tauopathies. In this study, our objective was to investigate whether DHF could provide neuroprotective effects against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Six-day-old mice were subjected to 2 h of anesthesia with 3 % sevoflurane, with or without pretreatment of DHF (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 3 consecutive days. Autonomic motor ability was assessed by open-field test, while learning and memory abilities were evaluated by the fear conditioning test. Western blotting was conducted to measure the levels of t-TrkB, p-TrkB, tau, and phosphorylated tau. Additionally, a co-immunoprecipitation assay was performed to investigate the interaction between O-GlcNAcylation and tau. RESULTS Repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures resulted in reduced freezing time during the context and cued fear conditioning tests in adulthood. However, pretreatment with DHF restored the freezing time to the level of the control group, indicating that DHF effectively alleviated cognitive impairments induced by neonatal sevoflurane exposure. We also observed that repeated neonatal sevoflurane exposures increased tau phosphorylation while decreasing tau O-GlcNAcylation. However, DHF pretreatment rebalanced the tau O-GlcNAcylation/phosphorylation ratio by enhancing the interaction between tau and O-GlcNAcylation. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that DHF effectively ameliorates sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in developing mice by restoring the balance between tau O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Therefore, this study suggests that DHF has the potential to be a therapeutic agent for treating cognitive impairment associated with anesthetics, such as sevoflurane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Xu
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yehong Du
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Growth, Development, and Mental Health of Children and Adolescence Center, Pediatric Research Institute, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Xu Y, Wang X, Xu Z, Sun F, Tian Y. Tbx2 knockdown alleviated sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and neuron damages in aged rats via suppressing oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:257-269. [PMID: 37494465 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia with sevoflurane contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND), which is characterized by the deficiency in study and memory. T-Box transcription factor 2 (Tbx2), which is involved in the development of hippocampus neurons, was upregulated in the hippocampus of rats exposed to sevoflurane. Our study aimed to explore the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and hippocampus neuron damages. The expression of Tbx2 in hippocampus was upregulated after sevoflurane exposure, which was accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, as well as the loss of neurons in hippocampus. In vitro, silencing Tbx2 suppressed oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by sevoflurane, whereas exogenous overexpression of Tbx2 exacerbated these processes. Importantly, Tbx2 knockdown improved sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder in aged rats, as evidenced by the increases in behavioral indexes. Mechanistically, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the downstream nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling, was repressed by Tbx2. Mimicking the activation of BDNF with 7,8-dihydroxyflavone rescued the effects of Tbx2 overexpression on oxidative stress and ferroptosis in vitro, indicating that the BDNF/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling may mediate the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder and neuron damages. In summary, Tbx2 may contribute to neuronal damages via enhancing the oxidative stress and ferroptosis caused by sevoflurane. BDNF/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling mediates the role of Tbx2 in sevoflurane-induced cognitive disorder. Knockdown of Tbx2 improves sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. Our finding provides a novel insight for PND treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Fengwei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Rawlings-Mortimer F, Lazari A, Tisca C, Tachrount M, Martins-Bach AB, Miller KL, Lerch JP, Johansen-Berg H. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone enhances long-term spatial memory and alters brain volume in wildtype mice. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1134594. [PMID: 37008453 PMCID: PMC10057119 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1134594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a low molecular weight compound that can cross the blood brain barrier and has been implicated in numerous functions and behaviours. It is thought to have neuroprotective capability and has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a wide range of diseases.Methods: 7,8-DHF was administered systemically to wildtype mice during Morris water maze training. Long-term spatial memory was assessed 28 days later. Ex-vivo T2-weighted (T2w) imaging was undertaken on a subset of these mice to assess brain-wide changes in volume.Results: We found that systemic 7,8-DHF administration during the training period enhanced spatial memory 28 days later. Volumetric changes were observed in numerous brain regions associated with a broad range of functions including cognition, sensory, and motor processing.Discussion: Our findings give the first whole brain overview of long-term anatomical changes following 7,8-DHF administration providing valuable information for assessing and understanding the widespread effects this drug has been shown to have in behaviour and disease.
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Hang PZ, Ge FQ, Zhang MR, Li QH, Yu HQ, Song YC, Guo DD, Zhao J, Zhu H. BDNF mimetic 7,8-dihydroxyflavone rescues rotenone-induced cytotoxicity in cardiomyocytes by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 198:83-91. [PMID: 36764626 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease pathogenesis is well recognized. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, inhibits mitochondrial impairments and improves cardiac function. However, the regulatory role of 7,8-DHF in the mitochondrial function of cardiomyocytes is not fully understood. To investigate the potential mito-protective effects of 7,8-DHF in cardiomyocytes, we treated H9c2 or HL-1 cells with the mitochondrial respiratory complex I inhibitor rotenone (Rot) as an in vitro model of mitochondrial dysfunction. We found that 7,8-DHF effectively eliminated various concentrations of Rot-induced cell death and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release. 7,8-DHF significantly improved mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibited mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Moreover, 7,8-DHF decreased routine and leak respiration, restored protein levels of mitochondrial complex I-IV, and increased ATP production in Rot-treated H9c2 cells. The protective role of 7,8-DHF in Rot-induced damage was validated in HL-1 cells. Nuclear phosphorylation protein expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was significantly increased by 7,8-DHF. The present study suggests that 7,8-DHF rescues Rot-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and promoting nuclear translocation of p-STAT3 in cardiomyocytes, thus nominating 7,8-DHF as a new pharmacological candidate agent against mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Zhou Hang
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China
| | - Feng-Qin Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Man-Ru Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qi-Hang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hua-Qing Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yu-Chen Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Dan-Dan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China; Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, China.
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Lim SY, Cengiz P. Opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia: Is TrkB modulation a potential pharmacological solution? Neuropharmacology 2022; 220:109260. [PMID: 36165856 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are widely prescribed for moderate to severe pain in patients with acute illness, cancer pain, and chronic noncancer pain. However, long-term opioid use can cause opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), contributing to the opioid misuse and addiction crisis. Strategies to mitigate opioid tolerance and OIH are needed to reduce opioid use and its sequelae. Currently, there are few effective pharmacological strategies that reduce opioid tolerance and OIH. The intrinsic tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) ligand, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), has been shown to modulate pain. The BDNF-TrkB signaling plays a role in initiating and sustaining elevated pain sensitivity; however, increasing evidence has shown that BDNF and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a potent blood-brain barrier-permeable ligand to TrkB, exert neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects that may protect against opioid tolerance and OIH. As such, TrkB signaling may be an important therapeutic avenue in opioid tolerance and OIH. Here, we review 1) the mechanisms of pain, opioid analgesia, opioid tolerance, and OIH; 2) the role of BDNF-TrkB in pain modulation; and 3) the neuroprotective effects of 7,8-DHF and their implications for opioid tolerance and OIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yin Lim
- Pharmacy Practice and Translational Research Division, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI, United States.
| | - Pelin Cengiz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States.
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Hesperidin Protects SH−SY5Y Neuronal Cells against High Glucose−Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of MAPK Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091707. [PMID: 36139782 PMCID: PMC9495902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuronal cell death through apoptosis. Apoptosis is tightly associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and high glucose levels contribute to higher oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Hesperidin, a natural active compound, has been reported to scavenge free radicals. Only a few studies have explored the protective effects of hesperidin against high glucose−induced apoptosis in SH−SY5Y neuronal cells. Glucose stimulated neuronal cells to generate excessive ROS and caused DNA damage. In addition, glucose triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and upregulated cytoplasmic as well as mitochondrial calcium levels. Hesperidin inhibited glucose−induced ROS production and mitigated the associated DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The downregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl−2 following glucose treatment was reversed by a hesperidin treatment. Furthermore, hesperidin repressed the glucose−induced Bcl−2−associated X protein, cleaved caspase−9, and cleaved caspase−3. Hesperidin also suppressed the glucose−induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal−regulated kinase and c−Jun N−terminal kinase. The current results confirmed that hesperidin could protect neuronal cells against glucose−induced ROS. Mechanistically, hesperidin was shown to promote cell viability via attenuation of the mitogen−activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
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Sanz FJ, Solana-Manrique C, Lilao-Garzón J, Brito-Casillas Y, Muñoz-Descalzo S, Paricio N. Exploring the link between Parkinson's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Drosophila. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22432. [PMID: 35766235 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200286r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by high levels of glucose in blood. Recent epidemiological studies have highlighted the link between both diseases; it is even considered that DM might be a risk factor for PD. To further investigate the likely relation of these diseases, we have used a Drosophila PD model based on inactivation of the DJ-1β gene (ortholog of human DJ-1), and diet-induced Drosophila and mouse type 2 DM (T2DM) models, together with human neuron-like cells. T2DM models were obtained by feeding flies with a high sugar-containing medium, and mice with a high fat diet. Our results showed that both fly models exhibit common phenotypes such as alterations in carbohydrate homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction or motor defects, among others. In addition, we demonstrated that T2DM might be a risk factor of developing PD since our diet-induced fly and mouse T2DM models present DA neuron dysfunction, a hallmark of PD. We also confirmed that neurodegeneration is caused by increased glucose levels, which has detrimental effects in human neuron-like cells by triggering apoptosis and leading to cell death. Besides, the observed phenotypes were exacerbated in DJ-1β mutants cultured in the high sugar medium, indicating that DJ-1 might have a role in carbohydrate homeostasis. Finally, we have confirmed that metformin, an antidiabetic drug, is a potential candidate for PD treatment and that it could prevent PD onset in T2DM model flies. This result supports antidiabetic compounds as promising PD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Sanz
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Cristina Solana-Manrique
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Joaquín Lilao-Garzón
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yeray Brito-Casillas
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Silvia Muñoz-Descalzo
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Nuria Paricio
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad CC Biológicas, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología y Biomedicina (BIOTECMED), Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
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Yang S, Zhu G. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Translational Perspective from the Mechanism to Drug Development. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1479-1497. [PMID: 34525922 PMCID: PMC9881092 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210915122820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a kind of natural flavonoid with the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier. 7,8-DHF effectively mimics the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain to selectively activate tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and downstream signaling pathways, thus playing a neuroprotective role. The preclinical effects of 7,8-DHF have been widely investigated in neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), depression, and memory impairment. Besides the effect on TrkB, 7,8-DHF could also function through fighting against oxidative stress, cooperating with estrogen receptors, or regulating intestinal flora. This review focuses on the recent experimental studies on depression, neurodegenerative diseases, and learning and memory functions. Additionally, the structural modification and preparation of 7,8-DHF were also concluded and proposed, hoping to provide a reference for the follow-up research and clinical drug development of 7,8-DHF in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China,Address correspondence to this author at the Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei 230038, China; E-mail:
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Mechanism of Glucose Water as a Neural Injection: A Perspective on Neuroinflammation. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060832. [PMID: 35743863 PMCID: PMC9225069 DOI: 10.3390/life12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The entrapment of peripheral nerves is associated with chronic neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain, and perineural injection therapy with glucose is emerging as an effective treatment for peripheral entrapment neuropathy. However, the mechanism underlying the pharmacological effect of glucose on nerves remains unclear. One of the hypothesized mechanisms is that glucose reduces neurogenic inflammation. Therefore, we investigated the effects of high glucose concentrations on cytokine-induced neuroinflammation in vitro. Human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were challenged with 10 ng/mL TNF-α for 16 h and subsequently treated with different glucose concentrations (0–25 mM) for 24 h. Cell viability was evaluated using the diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and proinflammatory cytokine levels were assessed using ELISA and quantitative PCR. In addition, mRNA levels of NF-κB and cyclooxygenase-2 were analyzed using quantitative PCR. Exposure to 10 ng/mL TNF-α resulted in decreased viability of SH-SY5Y cells and significant upregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, NF-κB, and cyclooxygenase-2. Subsequent exposure to high glucose levels (25 mM) markedly reduced the upregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, and NF-κB, and restored the functional metabolism of SH-SY5Y cells, compared with that of the normal glucose control. Our findings suggest that high glucose concentrations can mitigate TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation, upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, and metabolic dysfunction.
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Anti-Hyperglycemic Effect of Magnesium-Enhanced Alkaline-Reduced Water on High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is coupled with hyperglycemia, a state in which elevated glucose levels trigger oxidative stress (OS) in various body functions. One of the organs most afflicted by diabetes is the kidney. Despite this, specific treatments to mitigate the harmful effects of hyperglycemia-induced OS in the kidney have not been extensively explored. This study evaluates the anti-hyperglycemic efficacy of magnesium-enhanced alkaline-reduced water (MARW) in human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells. OS, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and fibrosis markers were assessed in high glucose (HG)-induced HK-2 cells, followed by treatment with experimental water for 24 h. Surprisingly, MARW rescued the vitality of HG-induced HK-2 cells, in contrast to that seen with other experimental waters. Additionally, MARW maintained reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, hepatocyte growth factor and glucose uptake in HG-induced HK-2 cells but not in tap water and mineral water. Similarly, MARW downregulated the expression of MAPK and fibrosis-linked signaling proteins such as p-p38, phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, α-smooth muscle actin, matrix metalloproteinase-3 and cleaved caspase 3 in HG-induced HK-2 cells. In conclusion, MARW protects HK-2 cells from the deleterious effects of HG by stabilizing antioxidant defenses and by signaling cascades related to metabolism, apoptosis and fibrosis.
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Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Gupta V, You Y, Rajput R, Paulo JA, Mirzaei M, van den Buuse M, Graham SL. TrkB receptor agonist 7,8 dihydroxyflavone is protective against the inner retinal deficits induced by experimental glaucoma. Neuroscience 2022; 490:36-48. [PMID: 35217121 PMCID: PMC9142859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and excavation of the optic nerve head (ONH). It is associated with an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and progressive decline in the visual field. Reduction in the retrograde axonal transport of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from the brain to the neuronal cell bodies in retina, has been suggested as one of the key mechanisms underlying selective degeneration of ganglion cells and optic nerve in glaucoma. Multiple studies have indicated that BDNF and its high affinity receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) play crucial roles in survival of RGCs and that upregulating BDNF/TrkB signalling using gene therapy can protect the ganglion cells against degeneration. This study corroborates previous findings and demonstrates that glaucoma is associated with downregulation of TrkB downstream signalling and enhanced levels of amyloid β (Aβ 1-42) accumulation in the retina. 7,8 dihydroxyflavone (7,8 DHF) is a TrkB agonist and regular administration of this compound imparted significant protection against loss of GCL density and preserved inner retinal function in experimental glaucoma models. 7,8 DHF treatment stimulated activation of TrkB intracellular signalling as well as ameliorated the increase in the levels of soluble Aβ (1-42) in the retinas of rats and mice exposed to high IOP. The protective effects of 7,8 DHF were also evident in BDNF+/- mice indicating that TrkB agonist mediated activation of TrkB signalling was not altered upon BDNF allelic impairment. These data support BDNF/TrkB axis as a promising therapeutic target in glaucoma and highlight that the detrimental effects of high IOP exposure can be compensated by the exogenous administration of a TrkB agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rashi Rajput
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Colombaioni L, Campanella B, Nieri R, Onor M, Benedetti E, Bramanti E. Time-dependent influence of high glucose environment on the metabolism of neuronal immortalized cells. Anal Biochem 2022; 645:114607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chronic Administration of 7,8-DHF Lessens the Depression-like Behavior of Juvenile Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Treated Rats at Their Adult Age. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122169. [PMID: 34959450 PMCID: PMC8704538 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among the global youth and commonly results in long-lasting sequelae, including paralysis, epilepsy, and a host of mental disorders such as major depressive disorder. Previous studies were mainly focused on severe TBI as it occurs in adults. This study explored the long-term adverse effect of mild TBI in juvenile animals (mTBI-J). Male Sprague Dawley rats received mTBI-J or sham treatment at six weeks old, then underwent behavioral, biochemical, and histological experiments three weeks later (at nine weeks old). TTC staining, H&E staining, and brain edema measurement were applied to evaluate the mTBI-J induced cerebral damage. The forced swimming test (FST) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were applied for measuring depression-like behavior. The locomotor activity test (LAT) was performed to examine mTBI-J treatment effects on motor function. After the behavioral experiments, the dorsal hippocampus (dHip) and ventral hippocampus (vHip) were dissected out for western blotting to examine the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Finally, a TrkB agonist 7,8-DHF was injected intraperitoneally to evaluate its therapeutic effect on the mTBI-J induced behavioral abnormalities at the early adult age. Results showed that a mild brain edema occurred, but no significant neural damage was found in the mTBI-J treated animals. In addition, a significant increase of depression-like behaviors was observed in the mTBI-J treated animals; the FST revealed an increase in immobility, and a decrease in sucrose consumption was found in the mTBI-J treated animals. There were no differences observed in the total distance traveled of the LAT and the fall latency of the rotarod test. The hippocampal BDNF expression, but not the TrkB, were significantly reduced in mTBI-J, and the mTBI-J treatment-induced depression-like behavior was lessened after four weeks of 7,8-DHF administration. Collectively, these results indicate that even a mild juvenile TBI treatment that did not produce motor deficits or significant histological damage could have a long-term adverse effect that could be sustained to adulthood, which raises the depression-like behavior in the adult age. In addition, chronic administration of 7,8-DHF lessens the mTBI-J treatment-induced depression-like behaviors in adult rats. We suggest the potential usage of 7,8-DHF as a therapeutic agent for preventing the long-term adverse effect of mTBI-J.
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7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Enhanced Colonic Cholinergic Contraction and Relieved Loperamide-Induced Constipation in Rats. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:4251-4262. [PMID: 33528684 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) agonist, modulates colonic smooth muscle motility and/or alleviates constipation has not yet been studied. AIMS Here, we aimed to determine how 7,8-DHF influences carbachol (CCh)-stimulated contraction of colonic strips and the in vivo effect of 7,8-DHF on constipation. METHODS Muscle strips were isolated from rat colons for recording contractile tension and performing western blotting. Constipation was induced in rats with loperamide. RESULTS Although it specifically activated TrkB, 7,8-DHF applied alone neither activated PLCγ1 in the colonic strips nor induced colonic strip contraction. However, 7,8-DHF enhanced CCh-stimulated PLCγ1 activation and strip contraction. The PLCγ1 antagonist U73122 suppressed both CCh-stimulated and 7,8-DHF-enhanced/CCh-stimulated contraction. While clarifying the underlying mechanism, we revealed that 7,8-DHF augmented muscarinic M3 receptor expression in the colonic strips. The M3-selective antagonist tarafenacin specifically inhibited the 7,8-DHF-enhanced/CCh-stimulated contraction of the colonic strips. Since 7,8-DHF increased Akt phosphorylation, and LY294002 (an antagonist of PI3K upstream of Akt) dramatically inhibited both 7,8-DHF-augmented M3 expression and 7,8-DHF-enhanced/CCh-stimulated contractions, we assumed that 7,8-DHF/TrkB/Akt was associated with the modulation of M3 expression in the colonic strips. ANA-12, a specific TrkB antagonist, not only inhibited TrkB activation by 7,8-DHF but also suppressed 7,8-DHF-enhanced cholinergic contraction, 7,8-DHF/CCh-mediated activation of PLCγ1/Akt, and M3 overexpression in colonic strips. In vivo 7,8-DHF, also by promoting intestinal motility and M3 expression, significantly alleviated loperamide-induced functional constipation in rats. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that 7,8-DHF regulates colonic motility possibly via a TrkB/Akt/M3 pathway and may be applicable for alleviating constipation.
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Galindo-Romero C, Vidal-Villegas B, Asís-Martínez J, Lucas-Ruiz F, Gallego-Ortega A, Vidal-Sanz M. 7,8-Dihydroxiflavone Protects Adult Rat Axotomized Retinal Ganglion Cells through MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910896. [PMID: 34639236 PMCID: PMC8509499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyze the 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF)/TrkB signaling activation of two main intracellular pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT, in the neuroprotection of axotomized retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Methods: Adult albino Sprague-Dawley rats received left intraorbital optic nerve transection (IONT) and were divided in two groups. One group received daily intraperitoneal DHF (5 mg/kg) and another vehicle (1%DMSO in 0.9%NaCl) from one day before IONT until processing. Additional intact rats were employed as control (n = 4). At 1, 3 or 7 days (d) after IONT, phosphorylated (p)AKT, p-MAPK, and non-phosphorylated AKT and MAPK expression levels were analyzed in the retina by Western blotting (n = 4/group). Radial sections were also immunodetected for the above-mentioned proteins, and for Brn3a and vimentin to identify RGCs and Müller cells (MCs), respectively (n = 3/group). Results: IONT induced increased levels of p-MAPK and MAPK at 3d in DHF- or vehicle-treated retinas and at 7d in DHF-treated retinas. IONT induced a fast decrease in AKT in retinas treated with DHF or vehicle, with higher levels of phosphorylation in DHF-treated retinas at 7d. In intact retinas and vehicle-treated groups, no p-MAPK or MAPK expression in RGCs was observed. In DHF- treated retinas p-MAPK and MAPK were expressed in the ganglion cell layer and in the RGC nuclei 3 and 7d after IONT. AKT was observed in intact and axotomized RGCs, but the signal intensity of p-AKT was stronger in DHF-treated retinas. Finally, MCs expressed higher quantities of both MAPK and AKT at 3d in both DHF- and vehicle-treated retinas, and at 7d the phosphorylation of p-MAPK was higher in DHF-treated groups. Conclusions: Phosphorylation and increased levels of AKT and MAPK through MCs and RGCs in retinas after DHF-treatment may be responsible for the increased and long-lasting RGC protection afforded by DHF after IONT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caridad Galindo-Romero
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-8-688-893-09
| | - Beatriz Vidal-Villegas
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Asís-Martínez
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
| | - Fernando Lucas-Ruiz
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
| | - Alejandro Gallego-Ortega
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
| | - Manuel Vidal-Sanz
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Campus de CC de la Salud, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (B.V.-V.); (J.A.-M.); (F.L.-R.); (A.G.-O.); (M.V.-S.)
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Suggesting 7,8-dihydroxyflavone as a promising nutraceutical against CNS disorders. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105068. [PMID: 34022252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), a naturally-occurring plant-based flavone, is a high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) agonist and a bioactive molecule of therapeutic interest for neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. In the family of neurotrophic factors, this small BDNF-mimetic molecule has attracted considerable attention due to its oral bioavailability and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Recent evidences have shed light on the neuroprotective role of this pleiotropic flavone against several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, Huntington's disease, and other CNS disorders. DHF also elicits potent protective actions against toxins-induced insults to brain and neuronal cells. DHF shows promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in ameliorating the neurodegenerative processes affecting the CNS. This review provides an overview of the significant neuroprotective potentials of DHF and discusses how it exerts its multitudinous beneficial effects by modulating different pathways linked with the pathophysiology of CNS disorders, and thus proposes it to be a nutraceutical against a broad spectrum of neurological disorders.
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Long Y, Zheng W, Yi D, Pan Y, Zheng H. Enhancing the peroxidase activity and decreasing the protease activity of ficin with rational modification and its application to one-step colorimetric detection of glucose. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 247:119091. [PMID: 33126136 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ficin has dual enzyme activity, i.e., protease and peroxidase-like activity. In some respects, its application is limited by the protease activity of ficin. Herein, we used tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) to break the three pairs of disulfide bonds of ficin, and then blocked the free thiol groups with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) to synthesize ficin-TN. The results showed that ficin-TN had increased peroxidase-like activity and reduced protease activity. According to this phenomenon, we have exploited a colorimetric method with high sensitivity and selectivity for the one-step detection of glucose. Comparing with ficin, ficin-TN has wider detection range (0.1-300 μM) and lower detection limit (88 nM), and our method is simpler and more timesaving than other two-step methods. Furthermore, the actual appliances of ficin-TN for glucose detection in human serum have been illustrated with satisfied result, suggesting that its promising utilization in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Long
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Wen Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Danyang Yi
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yadi Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Huzhi Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-time Analysis (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Hang PZ, Zhu H, Li PF, Liu J, Ge FQ, Zhao J, Du ZM. The Emerging Role of BDNF/TrkB Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11010070. [PMID: 33477900 PMCID: PMC7833389 DOI: 10.3390/life11010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the most abundantneurotrophins in the central nervous system. Numerous studies suggestthat BDNF has extensive roles by binding to its specific receptor, tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B (TrkB), and thereby triggering downstream signaling pathways. Recently, growing evidence highlightsthat the BDNF/TrkB pathway is expressed in the cardiovascular system andclosely associated with the development and outcome of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, circulating BDNF has also been revealed as a new potential biomarker for both diagnosis and prognosis of CVD. In this review, we discuss the current evidence of the emerging role of BDNF/TrkBsignalingand address the challenges that remain in translating these discoveries to novel therapeutic strategies for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Zhou Hang
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China; (P.-Z.H.); (H.Z.); (F.-Q.G.)
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research), Harbin 150086, China; (P.-F.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China; (P.-Z.H.); (H.Z.); (F.-Q.G.)
| | - Pei-Feng Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research), Harbin 150086, China; (P.-F.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research), Harbin 150086, China; (P.-F.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Feng-Qin Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China; (P.-Z.H.); (H.Z.); (F.-Q.G.)
| | - Jing Zhao
- Medical Research Center, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
- Correspondence: or (J.Z.); or (Z.-M.D.); Tel.: +86-514-8737-3691 (J.Z.); +86-451-8660-5353 (Z.-M.D.); Fax: +86-514-8737-3039 (J.Z.); +86-451-8666-5559 (Z.-M.D.)
| | - Zhi-Min Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (University Key Laboratory of Drug Research), Harbin 150086, China; (P.-F.L.); (J.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- Correspondence: or (J.Z.); or (Z.-M.D.); Tel.: +86-514-8737-3691 (J.Z.); +86-451-8660-5353 (Z.-M.D.); Fax: +86-514-8737-3039 (J.Z.); +86-451-8666-5559 (Z.-M.D.)
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Ötzkan S, Muller WE, Gibson Wood W, Eckert GP. Effects of 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone on Lipid Isoprenoid and Rho Protein Levels in Brains of Aged C57BL/6 Mice. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 23:130-139. [PMID: 33377988 PMCID: PMC7929957 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08640-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic impairment may be the main cause of cognitive dysfunction in brain aging that is probably due to a reduction in synaptic contact between the axonal buttons and dendritic spines. Rho proteins including the small GTPase Rac1 have become key regulators of neuronal morphogenesis that supports synaptic plasticity. Small Rho- and Ras-GTPases are post-translationally modified by the isoprenoids geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) and farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP), respectively. For all GTPases, anchoring in the plasma membrane is essential for their activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Rac1-specific GEFs include the protein T lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1 (Tiam1). Tiam1 interacts with the TrkB receptor to mediate the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-induced activation of Rac1, resulting in cytoskeletal rearrangement and changes in cellular morphology. The flavonoid 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) acts as a highly affine-selective TrkB receptor agonist and causes the dimerization and autophosphorylation of the TrkB receptor and thus the activation of downstream signaling pathways. In the current study, we investigated the effects of 7,8-DHF on cerebral lipid isoprenoid and Rho protein levels in male C57BL/6 mice aged 3 and 23 months. Aged mice were daily treated with 100 mg/kg b.w. 7,8-DHF by oral gavage for 21 days. FPP, GGPP, and cholesterol levels were determined in brain tissue. In the same tissue, the protein content of Tiam1 and TrkB in was measured. The cellular localization of the small Rho-GTPase Rac1 and small Rab-GTPase Rab3A was studied in total brain homogenates and membrane preparations. We report the novel finding that 7,8-DHF restored levels of the Rho proteins Rac1 and Rab3A in membrane preparations isolated from brains of treated aged mice. The selective TrkB agonist 7,8-DHF did not affect BDNF and TrkB levels, but restored Tiam1 levels that were found to be reduced in brains of aged mice. FPP, GGPP, and cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in brains of aged mice but not changed by 7,8-DHF treatment. Hence, 7,8-DHF may be useful as pharmacological tool to treat age-related cognitive dysfunction although the underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ötzkan
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter Niederursel, University of Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-St. 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Walter E Muller
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter Niederursel, University of Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-St. 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - W Gibson Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, VAMC, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Department of Pharmacology, Biocenter Niederursel, University of Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-St. 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Laboratory for Nutrition in Prevention and Therapy, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstr. 81, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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The Potent PDE10A Inhibitor MP-10 (PF-2545920) Suppresses Microglial Activation in LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and MPTP-Induced Parkinson’s Disease Mouse Models. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:470-482. [DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09943-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Pandey SN, Kwatra M, Dwivedi DK, Choubey P, Lahkar M, Jangra A. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone alleviated the high-fat diet and alcohol-induced memory impairment: behavioral, biochemical and molecular evidence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1827-1840. [PMID: 32206827 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcoholism and obesity impart a deleterious impact on human health and affects the quality of life. Chronic consumption of alcohol and western diet has been reported to cause memory deficits. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a TrkB agonist, comprises antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in treating various neurological disorders. OBJECTIVES The current study was aimed to determine the protective effect and molecular mechanism of 7,8-DHF against alcohol and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced memory deficits in rats. METHODS The adult male Wistar rats were given alcohol (3-15%) and HFD ad libitum for 12 weeks in different experimental groups. 7,8-DHF (5 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily for the last 4 weeks (9th-12th week). RESULTS The alcohol and HFD administration caused cognitive impairment as evaluated through the Morris water maze (MWM) test in alcohol, HFD, and alcohol + HFD-fed animals. The last 4-week treatment of 7,8-DHF (5 mg/kg; i.p.) attenuated alcohol and HFD-induced memory loss. 7,8-DHF treatment also restored the glutathione (GSH) level along with attenuation of nitrite, malondialdehyde content (markers of oxidative and nitrosative stress), and reduction of the acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus of alcohol and HFD-fed animals. Furthermore, the administration of 7,8-DHF caused downregulation of NF-κB, iNOS, and caspase-3 and upregulation of Nrf2, HO-1, and BDNF mRNA level in rat hippocampus. CONCLUSION 7,8-DHF administration conferred beneficial effects against alcohol and HFD-induced memory deficit via its unique antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic potential, along with the activation of TrkB/BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Narayan Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mohit Kwatra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Priyansha Choubey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Lahkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ashok Jangra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India. .,Department of Pharmacology, KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Zhang S, Xue R, Hu R. The neuroprotective effect and action mechanism of polyphenols in diabetes mellitus-related cognitive dysfunction. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1295-1311. [PMID: 31598747 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex and prevalent metabolic disorder worldwide. Strong evidence has emerged that DM is a risk factor for the accelerated rate of cognitive decline and the development of dementia. Though traditional pharmaceutical agents are efficient for the management of DM and DM-related cognitive decrement, long-term use of these drugs are along with undesired side effects. Therefore, tremendous studies have focused on the therapeutic benefits of natural compounds at present. Ample evidence exists to prove that polyphenols are capable to modulate diabetic neuropathy with minimal toxicity and adverse effects. PURPOSE To describe the benefits and mechanisms of polyphenols on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we introduce an updated overview of associations between DM and cognitive dysfunction. The risk factors as well as pathological and molecular mechanisms of DM-induced cognitive dysfunction are summarized. More importantly, many active polyphenols that possess preventive and therapeutic effects on DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and the potential signaling pathways involved in the action are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effects of polyphenols on DM-related cognitive dysfunction pave a novel way for the management of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenshen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ran Xue
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruizhe Hu
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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Ma L, Qu Z, Luan X, Jiang X, Pan R, Zhao T, Ma X, He B. Effects of 7,8‐dihydroxyflavone on rat jejunal dynamics subjected to ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:67-75. [PMID: 31313342 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Zhiqiang Qu
- Center for Medical Research Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xiao Luan
- Department of Pathophysiology Medical College of Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xiuli Jiang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Rongfang Pan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Baoguo He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital Qingdao University Qingdao China
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Zhen AX, Piao MJ, Kang KA, Fernando PDSM, Kang HK, Koh YS, Hyun JW. Esculetin Prevents the Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 by Hydrogen Peroxide in Skin Keratinocytes. J Cancer Prev 2019; 24:123-128. [PMID: 31360691 PMCID: PMC6619853 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2019.24.2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in various cellular diseases. Excessive ROS can cause intracellular oxidative stress, resulting in a calcium imbalance and even aging. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of esculetin on oxidative stress-induced aging in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Methods Human keratinocytes were pretreated with esculetin for 30 minutes and treated with H2O2. Then, the protective effects on oxidative stress-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 were detected by Flou-4-AM staining, reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and quantitative fluorescence assay. Results Esculetin prevented H2O2-induced aging by inhibiting MMP-1 mRNA, protein, and activity levels. In addition, esculetin decreased abnormal levels of phospho-MEK1, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-SEK1, phospho-JNK1/2, c-Fos, and phospho-c-Jun and inhibited activator protein 1 binding activity. Conclusions Esculetin prevented excessive levels of intracellular calcium and reduced the expression levels of aging-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Xuan Zhen
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Mei Jing Piao
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | | | - Hee Kyoung Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Young Sang Koh
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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