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Guilatco AJ, Shah MV, Weivoda MM. Senescence in the bone marrow microenvironment: A driver in development of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms. J Bone Oncol 2024; 47:100620. [PMID: 39072049 PMCID: PMC11280103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a growing concern due to the continued use of cytotoxic therapies to treat malignancies. Cytotoxic therapies have been shown to drive therapy-induced senescence in normal tissues, including in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME), which plays a crucial role in supporting normal hematopoiesis. This review examines recent work that focuses on the contribution of BMME senescence to t-MN pathogenesis, as well as offers a perspective on potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Jose Guilatco
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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2
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Zou X, Wen S, Xu L, Gao L, Wang X, Hu X, Han J, Han S. Signal-sustained imaging of mitophagy with an Enzyme-Activatable Metabolic Lipid-Labeling Probe. Autophagy 2024. [PMID: 38873937 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2367192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Imaging of mitophagy is of significance as aberrant mitophagy is engaged in multiple diseases. Mitophagy has been imaged with synthetic or biotic pH sensors by reporting pH acidification en route delivery into lysosomes. To circumvent uncertainty of acidity-dependent signals, we herein report an enzyme-activatable probe covalently attached on mitochondrial inner membrane (ECAM) for signal-persist mitophagy imaging. ECAM is operated via ΔΨm-driven accumulation of Mito-proGreen in mitochondria and covalent linking of the trapped probe with azidophospholipids metabolically incorporated into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Upon mitophagy, ECAM is delivered into lysosomes and hydrolyzed by LNPEP/leucyl aminopeptidase, yielding turn-on green fluorescence that is immune to lysosomal acidity changes and stably retained in fixed cells. With ECAM, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) was identified as a highly potent inducer of mitophagy. Overcoming signal susceptibility of pH probes and liability of ΔΨm probes to dissipation from stressed mitochondria, ECAM offers an attractive tool to study mitophagy and mitophagy-inducing therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zou
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shixiong Wen
- State key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lichun Xu
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Gao
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xunxiang Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shoufa Han
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, and Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Academician Workstation of Immune Cell Signal Transduction, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Deng Y, Kumar A, Xie K, Schaaf K, Scifo E, Morsy S, Li T, Ehninger A, Bano D, Ehninger D. Targeting senescent cells with NKG2D-CAR T cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:217. [PMID: 38704364 PMCID: PMC11069534 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of NKG2D chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T cells in targeting and eliminating stress-induced senescent cells in vitro. Cellular senescence contributes to age-related tissue decline and is characterized by permanent cell cycle arrest and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Immunotherapy, particularly CAR-T cell therapy, emerges as a promising approach to selectively eliminate senescent cells. Our focus is on the NKG2D receptor, which binds to ligands (NKG2DLs) upregulated in senescent cells, offering a target for CAR-T cells. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and astrocytes (AST) as senescence models, we demonstrate the elevated expression of NKG2DLs in response to genotoxic and oxidative stress. NKG2D-CAR T cells displayed potent cytotoxicity against these senescent cells, with minimal effects on non-senescent cells, suggesting their potential as targeted senolytics. In conclusion, our research presents the first evidence of NKG2D-CAR T cells' ability to target senescent brain cells, offering a novel approach to manage senescence-associated diseases. The findings pave the way for future investigations into the therapeutic applicability of NKG2D-targeting CAR-T cells in naturally aged organisms and models of aging-associated brain diseases in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuang Deng
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Avadh Kumar
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Lonza Netherlands B.V., Geleen, Urmonderbaan 20-B, 6167 RD, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Kan Xie
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristina Schaaf
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Enzo Scifo
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Morsy
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- AvenCell Europe GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Neurology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Armin Ehninger
- AvenCell Europe GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniele Bano
- Aging and Neurodegeneration Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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4
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Fernández-Albarral JA, Ramírez AI, de Hoz R, Matamoros JA, Salobrar-García E, Elvira-Hurtado L, López-Cuenca I, Sánchez-Puebla L, Salazar JJ, Ramírez JM. Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1354569. [PMID: 38333055 PMCID: PMC10850296 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1354569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina characterized by the irreversible loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leading to visual loss. Degeneration of RGCs and loss of their axons, as well as damage and remodeling of the lamina cribrosa are the main events in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Different molecular pathways are involved in RGC death, which are triggered and exacerbated as a consequence of a number of risk factors such as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), age, ocular biomechanics, or low ocular perfusion pressure. Increased IOP is one of the most important risk factors associated with this pathology and the only one for which treatment is currently available, nevertheless, on many cases the progression of the disease continues, despite IOP control. Thus, the IOP elevation is not the only trigger of glaucomatous damage, showing the evidence that other factors can induce RGCs death in this pathology, would be involved in the advance of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms driving the neurodegenerative process in glaucoma include ischemia/hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In glaucoma, like as other neurodegenerative disorders, the immune system is involved and immunoregulation is conducted mainly by glial cells, microglia, astrocytes, and Müller cells. The increase in IOP produces the activation of glial cells in the retinal tissue. Chronic activation of glial cells in glaucoma may provoke a proinflammatory state at the retinal level inducing blood retinal barrier disruption and RGCs death. The modulation of the immune response in glaucoma as well as the activation of glial cells constitute an interesting new approach in the treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A. Fernández-Albarral
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I. Ramírez
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa de Hoz
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Matamoros
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Salobrar-García
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Elvira-Hurtado
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés López-Cuenca
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Sánchez-Puebla
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J. Salazar
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Ramírez
- Ramon Castroviejo Ophthalmological Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Grupo UCM 920105, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Gaweł J, Milan J, Żebrowski J, Płoch D, Stefaniuk I, Kus-Liśkiewicz M. Biomaterial composed of chitosan, riboflavin, and hydroxyapatite for bone tissue regeneration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17004. [PMID: 37813934 PMCID: PMC10562422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial engineering approaches involve using a combination of miscellaneous bioactive molecules which may promote cell proliferation and, thus, form a scaffold with the environment that favors the regeneration process. Chitosan, a naturally occurring biodegradable polymer, possess some essential features, i.e., biodegradability, biocompatibility, and in the solid phase good porosity, which may contribute to promote cell adhesion. Moreover, doping of the materials with other biocompounds will create a unique and multifunctional scaffold that will be useful in regenerative medicine. This study is focused on the manufacturing and characterization of composite materials based on chitosan, hydroxyapatite, and riboflavin. The resulting films were fabricated by the casting/solvent evaporation method. Morphological and spectroscopy analyses of the films revealed a porous structure and an interconnection between chitosan and apatite. The composite material showed an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to pure chitosan. In vitro studies on riboflavin showed increased cell proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and osteosarcoma cells, thus demonstrating their potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Gaweł
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Justyna Milan
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Aleja Majora W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Żebrowski
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Płoch
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Stefaniuk
- Institute of Materials Engineering, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kus-Liśkiewicz
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1 St, 35‑310, Rzeszow, Poland.
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Lee S, Kim HJ, Cho HB, Kim HR, Lee S, Park JI, Park KH. Melatonin loaded PLGA nanoparticles effectively ameliorate the in vitro maturation of deteriorated oocytes and the cryoprotective abilities during vitrification process. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2912-2923. [PMID: 36883517 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02054h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Almost all cells can be exposed to stress, but oocytes, which are female germ cells, are particularly vulnerable to damage. In this study, melatonin, a well-known antioxidant, was loaded into biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and delivered to damaged oocytes in order to improve their quality and restoration. Etoposide (ETP)-induced deteriorated oocytes show poor maturity, mitochondrial aggregation, and DNA damage. Treatment of NPs not only reduced DNA damage but also improved mitochondrial stability, as evidenced by increased ATP levels and mitochondrial homogeneity. When melatonin was added to the culture medium at the same concentration as that present in NPs, DNA and mitochondrial repair was insignificant due to the half-life of melatonin, whereas DNA repair in damaged oocytes upon multiple treatments with melatonin was similar to that observed with melatonin-loaded NPs. Next, we evaluated whether the oocytes treated with NPs could have cryoprotective abilities during vitrification/thawing. Vitrified-oocytes were stored at -196 °C for 0.25 h (T1) or 0.5 h (T2). After thawing, live oocytes were subjected to in vitro maturation. The NP-treated group showed maturity similar to the control group (77.8% in T1, 72.7% in T2) and the degree of DNA damage was reduced compared to the ETP-induced group (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Hui Bang Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Hye-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Sujeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Ji-In Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, 6F, CHA Bio-Complex, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 134-88, Republic of Kore.
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7
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Rajabian N, Choudhury D, Ikhapoh I, Saha S, Kalyankar AS, Mehrotra P, Shahini A, Breed K, Andreadis ST. Reversine ameliorates hallmarks of cellular senescence in human skeletal myoblasts via reactivation of autophagy. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13764. [PMID: 36625257 PMCID: PMC10014065 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence leads to the depletion of myogenic progenitors and decreased regenerative capacity. We show that the small molecule 2,6-disubstituted purine, reversine, can improve some well-known hallmarks of cellular aging in senescent myoblast cells. Reversine reactivated autophagy and insulin signaling pathway via upregulation of Adenosine Monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt2, restoring insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in senescent cells. Reversine also restored the loss of connectivity of glycolysis to the TCA cycle, thus restoring dysfunctional mitochondria and the impaired myogenic differentiation potential of senescent myoblasts. Altogether, our data suggest that cellular senescence can be reversed by treatment with a single small molecule without employing genetic reprogramming technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Rajabian
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Debanik Choudhury
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Izuagie Ikhapoh
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Shilpashree Saha
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Aishwarya S. Kalyankar
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Pihu Mehrotra
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Aref Shahini
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Kendall Breed
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
| | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
- Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering (CGTE) Center, School of Engineering and Applied SciencesUniversity at Buffalo, State University of New YorkAmherstNew YorkUSA
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8
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Rachmian N, Krizhanovsky V. Senescent cells in the brain and where to find them. FEBS J 2023; 290:1256-1266. [PMID: 36221897 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a process in which cells change their characteristic phenotype in response to stress and enter a state of prolonged cell cycle arrest accompanied by a distinct secretory phenotype. Cellular senescence has both beneficial and detrimental outcomes. With age, senescent cells progressively accumulate in tissues and might be the bridge connecting ageing to many age-related pathologies. In recent years, evidence emerged supporting the accumulation of brain senescent cells during neurological disorders and ageing. Here, we will discuss the different brain cell populations that exhibit a senescent phenotype. Subsequently, we will explore several senolytic strategies which have been developed to eliminate senescent cells. Finally, we will examine their potential to directly eliminate these senescent brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Rachmian
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Brain Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Valery Krizhanovsky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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9
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Bang M, Yang SJ, Ahn T, Han SH, Shin CY, Kwon KJ. Minoxidil Regulates Aging-Like Phenotypes in Rat Cortical Astrocytes In Vitro. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2023; 31:116-126. [PMID: 36535699 PMCID: PMC9810449 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mainly due to the slanted focus on the mechanism and regulation of neuronal aging, research on astrocyte aging and its modulation during brain aging is scarce. In this study, we established aged astrocyte culture model by long-term culturing. Cellular senescence was confirmed through SA-β-gal staining as well as through the examination of morphological, molecular, and functional markers. RNA sequencing and functional analysis of astrocytes were performed to further investigate the detailed characteristics of the aged astrocyte model. Along with aged phenotypes, decreased astrocytic proliferation, migration, mitochondrial energetic function and support for neuronal survival and differentiation has been observed in aged astrocytes. In addition, increased expression of cytokines and chemokine-related factors including plasminogen activator inhibitor -1 (PAI-1) was observed in aged astrocytes. Using the RNA sequencing results, we searched potential drugs that can normalize the dysregulated gene expression pattern observed in long-term cultured aged astrocytes. Among several candidates, minoxidil, a pyrimidine-derived anti-hypertensive and anti-pattern hair loss drug, normalized the increased number of SA-β-gal positive cells and nuclear size in aged astrocytes. In addition, minoxidil restored up-regulated activity of PAI-1 and increased mitochondrial superoxide production in aged astrocytes. We concluded that long term culture of astrocytes can be used as a reliable model for the study of astrocyte senescence and minoxidil can be a plausible candidate for the regulation of brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Bang
- Biological Science, College of Science & Technology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jin Yang
- Department of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - TaeJin Ahn
- Department of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang 37554, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea,Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea,Corresponding Author E-mail: , Tel: +82-2-454-5630, Fax: +82-2-548-5630
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10
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Jodłowska A, Postek-Stefańska L. Systemic Anticancer Therapy Details and Dental Adverse Effects in Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116936. [PMID: 35682521 PMCID: PMC9180850 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
An idea of therapy intensification in order to make anticancer treatment more effective is still being investigated. The study aimed to estimate the impact of the chemotherapy dose levels and treatment duration on the risk for dental development disturbance. The clinical examination and OPG analysis were carried out in 37 cancer survivors and germ agenesis, microdontia, size reduction, taurodontism, root and enamel abnormalities were identified. An analysis of anticancer treatment was carried out separately for vincristine (VCR), doxorubicin (DXR), cyclophosphamide (CP), etoposide (VP-16), carboplatin (CBDCA) and actinomycin D (ACTD) recipients in terms of treatment duration and drug doses administered. Individuals aged between three years and ten months, and seven years and four months, at diagnosis presented with no severe dental abnormalities, regardless of treatment duration and increasing cytotoxic drug doses. The largest number of abnormalities per one person was noted in the survivors treated with the highest single doses of VCR, DXR, CP and ACTD. No similar observation was made in the cases of cumulative and weekly doses analyzed. Moreover, there were no significant differences between the mean number of abnormalities across all the drug groups.
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11
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Hu M, Xing L, Zhang L, Liu F, Wang S, Xie Y, Wang J, Jiang H, Guo J, Li X, Wang J, Sui L, Li C, Liu D, Liu Z. NAP1L2 drives mesenchymal stem cell senescence and suppresses osteogenic differentiation. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13551. [PMID: 35032339 PMCID: PMC8844120 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) impairs stemness and osteogenic differentiation, but the key regulators for senescence and the related osteogenesis are not well defined. Herein, we screened the gene expression profiles of human BMSCs from young and old donors and identified that elevation of the nucleosome assembly protein 1‐like 2 (NAP1L2) expression was correlated with BMSC senescence and impaired osteogenesis. Elevated NAP1L2 expression was observed in replicative cell senescence and induced cell senescence in vitro, and in age‐related senescent human and mouse BMSCs in vivo, concomitant with significantly augmented chromatin accessibility detected by ATAC‐seq. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐functions of NAP1L2 affected activation of NF‐κB pathway, status of histone 3 lysine 14 acetylation (H3K14ac), and chromatin accessibility on osteogenic genes in BMSCs. Mechanistic studies revealed that NAP1L2, a histone chaperone, recruited SIRT1 to deacetylate H3K14ac on promoters of osteogenic genes such as Runx2, Sp7, and Bglap and suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Importantly, molecular docking analysis showed a possible bond between NAP1L2 and an anti‐aging reagent, the nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), and indeed, administration of NMN alleviated senescent phenotypes of BMSCs. In vivo and clinical evidence from aging mice and patients with senile osteoporosis also confirmed that elevation of NAP1L2 expression was associated with suppressed osteoblastogenesis. Taken together, our findings suggest that NAP1L2 is a regulator of both BMSC cell senescence and osteogenic differentiation, and provide a new theoretical basis for aging‐related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Hu
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Liangyu Xing
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Li Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Fan Liu
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Ying Xie
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Hongmei Jiang
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Jing Guo
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Xin Li
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Jingya Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Lei Sui
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Changyi Li
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Dayong Liu
- Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co‐Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular Homeostasis and Human Diseases Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical Science Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
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12
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Shi Y, Zou X, Wen S, Gao L, Li J, Han J, Han S. An organelle-directed chemical ligation approach enables dual-color detection of mitophagy. Autophagy 2021; 17:3475-3490. [PMID: 33435798 PMCID: PMC8632332 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1875597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional organelles and defective turnover of organelles are engaged in multiple human diseases, but are elusive to image with conventional organelle probes. To overcome this, we developed intra-mitochondrial CLICK to assess mitophagy (IMCLAM), using a pair of conventional ΔΨm probes, where each probe alone fails to track dysfunctional mitochondria. The in situ formed optical triad is stably trapped in mitochondria without resorting to ΔΨm. Utilizing an acidity-responsive ΔΨm probe, IMCLAM enabled fluorescence-on detection of mitophagy by sensing pH acidification upon delivery of mitochondria into lysosomes. Moreover, we applied IMCLAM to assay mitophagy induced by pharmacological compounds in living cells and wild-type zebrafish embryos. Thus, IMCLAM offers a simplified tool to study mitochondria and mitophagy and provide a basis for screening mitophagy-inducing compounds. Abbreviations: CCCP, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; IMCLAM, intra-mitochondrial CLICK to assess mitophagy; ROX, X-rhodamine; SPAAC, stain-promoted azide-alkyne Click Chemistry; TPP, triphenylphosphonium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxue Zou
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shixiong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shoufa Han
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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13
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Bang M, Gonzales EL, Shin CY, Kwon KJ. Late Passage Cultivation Induces Aged Astrocyte Phenotypes in Rat Primary Cultured Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:144-153. [PMID: 33262320 PMCID: PMC7921865 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes play various important roles such as maintaining brain homeostasis, supporting neurons, and secreting inflammatory mediators to protect the brain cells. In aged subjects, astrocytes show diversely changed phenotypes and dysfunctions. But, the study of aged astrocytes or astrocytes from aged subjects is not yet sufficient to provide a comprehensive understanding of their important processes in the regulation of brain function. In this study, we induced an in vitro aged astrocyte model through late passage cultivation of rat primary cultured astrocytes. Astrocytes were cultured until passage 7 (P7) as late passage astrocytes and compared with passage 1 (P1) astrocytes as early passage astrocytes to confirm the differences in phenotypes and the effects of serial passage. In this study, we confirmed the morphological, molecular, and functional changes of late passage astrocytes showing aging phenotypes through SA-β-gal staining and measurement of nuclear size. We also observed a reduced expression of inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, iNOS, and COX2, as well as dysregulation of wound-healing, phagocytosis, and mitochondrial functions such as mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate. Culture-conditioned media obtained from P1 astrocytes promoted neurite outgrowth in immature primary cultures of rat cortices, which is significantly reduced when we treated the immature neurons with the culture media obtained from P7 astrocytes. These results suggest that late passage astrocytes show senescent astrocyte phenotypes with functional defects, which makes it a suitable model for the study of the role of astrocyte senescence on the modulation of normal and pathological brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Bang
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Edson Luck Gonzales
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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14
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Sikora E, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Dudkowska M, Krzystyniak A, Mosieniak G, Wesierska M, Wlodarczyk J. Cellular Senescence in Brain Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:646924. [PMID: 33732142 PMCID: PMC7959760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.646924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of the brain can manifest itself as a memory and cognitive decline, which has been shown to frequently coincide with changes in the structural plasticity of dendritic spines. Decreased number and maturity of spines in aged animals and humans, together with changes in synaptic transmission, may reflect aberrant neuronal plasticity directly associated with impaired brain functions. In extreme, a neurodegenerative disease, which completely devastates the basic functions of the brain, may develop. While cellular senescence in peripheral tissues has recently been linked to aging and a number of aging-related disorders, its involvement in brain aging is just beginning to be explored. However, accumulated evidence suggests that cell senescence may play a role in the aging of the brain, as it has been documented in other organs. Senescent cells stop dividing and shift their activity to strengthen the secretory function, which leads to the acquisition of the so called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Senescent cells have also other characteristics, such as altered morphology and proteostasis, decreased propensity to undergo apoptosis, autophagy impairment, accumulation of lipid droplets, increased activity of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), and epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, and histone post-translational modifications that, in consequence, result in altered gene expression. Proliferation-competent glial cells can undergo senescence both in vitro and in vivo, and they likely participate in neuroinflammation, which is characteristic for the aging brain. However, apart from proliferation-competent glial cells, the brain consists of post-mitotic neurons. Interestingly, it has emerged recently, that non-proliferating neuronal cells present in the brain or cultivated in vitro can also have some hallmarks, including SASP, typical for senescent cells that ceased to divide. It has been documented that so called senolytics, which by definition, eliminate senescent cells, can improve cognitive ability in mice models. In this review, we ask questions about the role of senescent brain cells in brain plasticity and cognitive functions impairments and how senolytics can improve them. We will discuss whether neuronal plasticity, defined as morphological and functional changes at the level of neurons and dendritic spines, can be the hallmark of neuronal senescence susceptible to the effects of senolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sikora
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bielak-Zmijewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dudkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Krzystyniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grazyna Mosieniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wesierska
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Wlodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Zheng S, Rao J, Song Y, Zhang J, Xiao X, Fang EF, Yang Y, Niu Z. PharmKG: a dedicated knowledge graph benchmark for bomedical data mining. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:6042240. [PMID: 33341877 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomedical knowledge graphs (KGs), which can help with the understanding of complex biological systems and pathologies, have begun to play a critical role in medical practice and research. However, challenges remain in their embedding and use due to their complex nature and the specific demands of their construction. Existing studies often suffer from problems such as sparse and noisy datasets, insufficient modeling methods and non-uniform evaluation metrics. In this work, we established a comprehensive KG system for the biomedical field in an attempt to bridge the gap. Here, we introduced PharmKG, a multi-relational, attributed biomedical KG, composed of more than 500 000 individual interconnections between genes, drugs and diseases, with 29 relation types over a vocabulary of ~8000 disambiguated entities. Each entity in PharmKG is attached with heterogeneous, domain-specific information obtained from multi-omics data, i.e. gene expression, chemical structure and disease word embedding, while preserving the semantic and biomedical features. For baselines, we offered nine state-of-the-art KG embedding (KGE) approaches and a new biological, intuitive, graph neural network-based KGE method that uses a combination of both global network structure and heterogeneous domain features. Based on the proposed benchmark, we conducted extensive experiments to assess these KGE models using multiple evaluation metrics. Finally, we discussed our observations across various downstream biological tasks and provide insights and guidelines for how to use a KG in biomedicine. We hope that the unprecedented quality and diversity of PharmKG will lead to advances in biomedical KG construction, embedding and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjia Zheng
- School of Data and Computer Science at the Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Jiahua Rao
- School of Data and Computer Science at the Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Ying Song
- School of Systems Science and Engineering at the Sun Yat-Sen University
| | | | | | - Evandro Fei Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Yuedong Yang
- School of Data and Computer Science and the National Super Computer Center at Guangzhou, Sun Yat-sen University, China
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16
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Bordone MC, Barbosa-Morais NL. Unraveling Targetable Systemic and Cell-Type-Specific Molecular Phenotypes of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Brains With Digital Cytometry. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:607215. [PMID: 33362460 PMCID: PMC7756021 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.607215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the two most common neurodegenerative disorders worldwide, with age being their major risk factor. The increasing worldwide life expectancy, together with the scarcity of available treatment choices, makes it thus pressing to find the molecular basis of AD and PD so that the causing mechanisms can be targeted. To study these mechanisms, gene expression profiles have been compared between diseased and control brain tissues. However, this approach is limited by mRNA expression profiles derived for brain tissues highly reflecting their degeneration in cellular composition but not necessarily disease-related molecular states. We therefore propose to account for cell type composition when comparing transcriptomes of healthy and diseased brain samples, so that the loss of neurons can be decoupled from pathology-associated molecular effects. This approach allowed us to identify genes and pathways putatively altered systemically and in a cell-type-dependent manner in AD and PD brains. Moreover, using chemical perturbagen data, we computationally identified candidate small molecules for specifically targeting the profiled AD/PD-associated molecular alterations. Our approach therefore not only brings new insights into the disease-specific and common molecular etiologies of AD and PD but also, in these realms, foster the discovery of more specific targets for functional and therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C Bordone
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno L Barbosa-Morais
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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17
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Han X, Zhang T, Liu H, Mi Y, Gou X. Astrocyte Senescence and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:148. [PMID: 32581763 PMCID: PMC7297132 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are the largest group of glial cells in the brain and participate in several essential functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Disruption of their normal physiological function can lead to metabolism disequilibrium and the pathology of CNS. As an important mechanism of aging, cellular senescence has been considered as a primary inducing factor of age-associated neurodegenerative disorders. Senescent astrocytes showed decreased normal physiological function and increased secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, which contribute to Aβ accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Astrocyte senescence also leads to a number of detrimental effects, including induced glutamate excitotoxicity, impaired synaptic plasticity, neural stem cell loss, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. In this review article, we have summarized the growing findings regarding astrocyte senescence and its putative role in the pathologic progress of AD. Additionally, we also focus on the significance of targeting astrocyte senescence as a novel and feasible therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajing Mi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Micheletti G, Calonghi N, Farruggia G, Strocchi E, Palmacci V, Telese D, Bordoni S, Frisco G, Boga C. Synthesis of Novel Structural Hybrids between Aza-Heterocycles and Azelaic Acid Moiety with a Specific Activity on Osteosarcoma Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020404. [PMID: 31963693 PMCID: PMC7024557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine compounds bearing pyridinyl (or piperidinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzotriazolyl) groups bound to an azelayl moiety through an amide bond were synthesized. The structural analogy with some histone deacetylase inhibitors inspired their syntheses, seeking new selective histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). The azelayl moiety recalls part of 9-hydroxystearic acid, a cellular lipid showing antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells with HDAC as a molecular target. Azelayl derivatives bound to a benzothiazolyl moiety further proved to be active as HDACi. The novel compounds were tested on a panel of both normal and tumor cell lines. Non-specific induction of cytotoxicity was observed in the normal cell line, while three of them induced a biological effect only on the osteosarcoma (U2OS) cell line. One of them induced a change in nuclear shape and size. Cell-cycle alterations are associated with post-transcriptional modification of both H2/H3 and H4 histones. In line with recent studies, revealing unexpected HDAC7 function in osteoclasts, molecular docking studies on the active molecules predicted their proneness to interact with HDAC7. By reducing side effects associated with the action of the first-generation inhibitors, the herein reported compounds, thus, sound promising as selective HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Micheletti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (N.C.); Tel.: +39-051-2093641 (G.M.); +39-051-2091231 (N.C.)
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (N.C.); Tel.: +39-051-2093641 (G.M.); +39-051-2091231 (N.C.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Strocchi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Palmacci
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Dario Telese
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Silvia Bordoni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Giulia Frisco
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Carla Boga
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
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