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Ghoshal K. Cardiac Adipocytes: Friends or Foes? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1805-1807. [PMID: 37589140 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kakali Ghoshal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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Johnson H, Yates T, Leedom G, Ramanathan C, Puppa M, van der Merwe M, Tipirneni-Sajja A. Multi-Tissue Time-Domain NMR Metabolomics Investigation of Time-Restricted Feeding in Male and Female Nile Grass Rats. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070657. [PMID: 35888782 PMCID: PMC9321200 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disease resulting from overnutrition is prevalent and rapidly increasing in incidence in modern society. Time restricted feeding (TRF) dietary regimens have recently shown promise in attenuating some of the negative metabolic effects associated with chronic nutrient stress. The purpose of this study is to utilize a multi-tissue metabolomics approach using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to investigate TRF and sex-specific effects of high-fat diet in a diurnal Nile grass rat model. Animals followed a six-week dietary protocol on one of four diets: chow ad libitum, high-fat ad libitum (HF-AD), high-fat early TRF (HF-AM), or high-fat late TRF (HF-PM), and their liver, heart, and white adipose tissues were harvested at the end of the study and were analyzed by NMR. Time-domain complete reduction to amplitude–frequency table (CRAFT) was used to semi-automate and systematically quantify metabolites in liver, heart, and adipose tissues while minimizing operator bias. Metabolite profiling and statistical analysis revealed lipid remodeling in all three tissues and ectopic accumulation of cardiac and hepatic lipids for HF-AD feeding compared to a standard chow diet. Animals on TRF high-fat diet had lower lipid levels in the heart and liver compared to the ad libitum group; however, no significant differences were noted for adipose tissue. Regardless of diet, females exhibited greater amounts of hepatic lipids compared to males, while no consistent differences were shown in adipose and heart. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the feasibility of performing systematic and time-efficient multi-tissue NMR metabolomics to elucidate metabolites involved in the crosstalk between different metabolic tissues and provides a more holistic approach to better understand the etiology of metabolic disease and the effects of TRF on metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (H.J.); (T.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Thomas Yates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (H.J.); (T.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Gary Leedom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (H.J.); (T.Y.); (G.L.)
| | - Chidambaram Ramanathan
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (C.R.); (M.P.); (M.v.d.M.)
| | - Melissa Puppa
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (C.R.); (M.P.); (M.v.d.M.)
| | - Marie van der Merwe
- College of Health Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (C.R.); (M.P.); (M.v.d.M.)
| | - Aaryani Tipirneni-Sajja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA; (H.J.); (T.Y.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Longenecker JZ, Petrosino JM, Martens CR, Hinger SA, Royer CJ, Dorn LE, Branch DA, Serrano J, Stanford KI, Kyriazis GA, Baskin KK, Accornero F. Cardiac-derived TGF-β1 confers resistance to diet-induced obesity through the regulation of adipocyte size and function. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101343. [PMID: 34583010 PMCID: PMC8529557 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of organismal homeostasis in response to nutrient availability is a vital physiological process that involves inter-organ communication. Understanding the mechanisms controlling systemic cross-talk for the maintenance of metabolic health is critical to counteract diet-induced obesity. Here, we show that cardiac-derived transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) protects against weight gain and glucose intolerance in mice subjected to high-fat diet. Secretion of TGF-β1 by cardiomyocytes correlates with the bioavailability of this factor in circulation. TGF-β1 prevents adipose tissue inflammation independent of body mass and glucose metabolism phenotypes, indicating protection from adipocyte dysfunction-driven immune cell recruitment. TGF-β1 alters the gene expression programs in white adipocytes, favoring their fatty acid oxidation and consequently increasing their mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates. Ultimately, subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue from cadiac-specific TGF-β1 transgenic mice fail to undergo cellular hypertrophy, leading to reduced overall adiposity during high-fat feeding. Thus, TGF-β1 is a critical mediator of heart-fat communication for the regulation of systemic metabolism. TGFb1 is secreted from the heart to alter systemic metabolism. TGFb1 protects from diet-induced obesity. TGFb1 increases mitochondrial basal respiration in white adipocytes. Cardiac-derived TGFb1 prevents adipose tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Z Longenecker
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer M Petrosino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colton R Martens
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott A Hinger
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Charlotte J Royer
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa E Dorn
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel A Branch
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joan Serrano
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - George A Kyriazis
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kedryn K Baskin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Federica Accornero
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Bermúdez V, Durán P, Rojas E, Díaz MP, Rivas J, Nava M, Chacín M, Cabrera de Bravo M, Carrasquero R, Ponce CC, Górriz JL, D´Marco L. The Sick Adipose Tissue: New Insights Into Defective Signaling and Crosstalk With the Myocardium. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:735070. [PMID: 34603210 PMCID: PMC8479191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.735070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) biology is linked to cardiovascular health since obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and positively correlated with excessive visceral fat accumulation. AT signaling to myocardial cells through soluble factors known as adipokines, cardiokines, branched-chain amino acids and small molecules like microRNAs, undoubtedly influence myocardial cells and AT function via the endocrine-paracrine mechanisms of action. Unfortunately, abnormal total and visceral adiposity can alter this harmonious signaling network, resulting in tissue hypoxia and monocyte/macrophage adipose infiltration occurring alongside expanded intra-abdominal and epicardial fat depots seen in the human obese phenotype. These processes promote an abnormal adipocyte proteomic reprogramming, whereby these cells become a source of abnormal signals, affecting vascular and myocardial tissues, leading to meta-inflammation, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, heart hypertrophy, heart failure and myocardial infarction. This review first discusses the pathophysiology and consequences of adipose tissue expansion, particularly their association with meta-inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. We also explore the precise mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming in AT that represent plausible causative factors for CVD. Finally, we clarify how lifestyle changes could promote improvement in myocardiocyte function in the context of changes in AT proteomics and a better gut microbiome profile to develop effective, non-pharmacologic approaches to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Pablo Durán
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Edward Rojas
- Cardiovascular Division, University Hospital, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - María P. Díaz
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Rivas
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Florida-College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Manuel Nava
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Maricarmen Chacín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Rubén Carrasquero
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Clímaco Cano Ponce
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - José Luis Górriz
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis D´Marco
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Senesi P, Luzi L, Terruzzi I. Adipokines, Myokines, and Cardiokines: The Role of Nutritional Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218372. [PMID: 33171610 PMCID: PMC7664629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now established that adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and heart are endocrine organs and secrete in normal and in pathological conditions several molecules, called, respectively, adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines. These secretory proteins constitute a closed network that plays a crucial role in obesity and above all in cardiac diseases associated with obesity. In particular, the interaction between adipokines, myokines, and cardiokines is mainly involved in inflammatory and oxidative damage characterized obesity condition. Identifying new therapeutic agents or treatment having a positive action on the expression of these molecules could have a key positive effect on the management of obesity and its cardiac complications. Results from recent studies indicate that several nutritional interventions, including nutraceutical supplements, could represent new therapeutic agents on the adipo-myo-cardiokines network. This review focuses the biological action on the main adipokines, myokines and cardiokines involved in obesity and cardiovascular diseases and describe the principal nutraceutical approaches able to regulate leptin, adiponectin, apelin, irisin, natriuretic peptides, and follistatin-like 1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Senesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20131 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (L.L.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, 20138 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
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