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Yang K, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Zhang H, Liu X, Jia Z, Ying Z, Liu W. Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease based on bioinformatics analysis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:366-380. [PMID: 38189472 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE As a chronic inflammatory disease, periodontitis threatens oral health and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is growing evidence that these two diseases are closely related. However, current research is still incomplete in understanding the common genes and common mechanisms between periodontitis and AD. In this study, we aimed to identify common genes in periodontitis and AD and analyze the relationship between crucial genes and immune cells to provide new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to periodontitis and AD. Co-expressed genes were identified by obtaining gene expression profile data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Using the STRING database, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and essential genes were identified. We also used four algorithms to identify critical genes and constructed regulatory networks. The association of crucial genes with immune cells and potential therapeutic effects was also assessed. RESULTS PDGFRB, VCAN, TIMP1, CHL1, EFEMP2, and IGFBP5 were obtained as crucial common genes. Immune infiltration analysis showed that Natural killer cells and Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were significantly differentially expressed in patients with PD and AD compared with the normal group. FOXC1 and GATA2 are important TFs for PD and AD. MiR-23a, miR-23b, miR-23a, and miR-23b were associated with AD and PD. Finally, the hub genes retrieved from the DSigDB database indicate multiple drug molecule and drug-target interactions. CONCLUSION This study reveals commonalities in common hub genes and immune infiltration between periodontitis and AD, and the analysis of six hub genes and immune cells may provide new insights into potential therapeutic directions for the pathogenesis of periodontitis complicated by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Massage College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Rehabilitation Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoju Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhicheng Jia
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhao Ying
- Rehabilitation Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Xu F, Cai W, Chen W, Li L, Li X, Jiang B. Expression of Different Isoforms of Versican During the Development of Mouse Mandibular First Molars. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:471-480. [PMID: 31034318 PMCID: PMC6598129 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419846875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Versican is a large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan enriched in the extracellular matrix, and it has at least four different isoforms, termed V0, V1, V2, and V3. Although several studies have demonstrated that versican is stably expressed in various developing organs, the expression of versican isoforms during tooth development has not been elucidated yet. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the expression of versican isoforms in the developing mouse molars. The mandibular first molars from embryonic day (E) 11.5 to postnatal day (PN) 21 were used to investigate the expression of versican isoforms by immunohistochemistry, and the gene expressions of versican (Vcan) isoforms from E13.5 to PN7 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The results exhibited different expressing patterns of versican isoforms-the stellate reticulum (SR) and the dental mesenchymal cells adjacent to Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS) only expressed V1 and the mature odontoblasts mainly expressed V2, while the dental papilla and the ameloblasts might both express V0/V1/V2. These results suggested that different versican isoforms may act different roles in the tooth development, and we speculated that V0/V1 might be intimately involved in the cell proliferation while V2 was associated in the cytodifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiting Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,
School & Hosipital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering
Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China (FX,
WChen, LL, XL, BJ)
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and
Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School
of Medicine, Shanghai, China (WCai)
| | - Lefeng Li
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,
School & Hosipital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering
Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China (FX,
WChen, LL, XL, BJ)
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and
Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School
of Medicine, Shanghai, China (WCai)
| | - Xuyan Li
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,
School & Hosipital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering
Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China (FX,
WChen, LL, XL, BJ)
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and
Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School
of Medicine, Shanghai, China (WCai)
| | - Beizhan Jiang
- Beizhan Jiang, Department of Operative
Dentistry and Endodontics, School & Hosipital of Stomatology, Tongji
University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and
Regeneration, 399 Middle Yan Chang Road, Shanghai 200072, China. E-mail:
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Bigoni S, Neri M, Scotton C, Farina R, Sabatelli P, Jiang C, Zhang J, Falzarano MS, Rossi R, Ognibene D, Selvatici R, Gualandi F, Bosshardt D, Perri P, Campa C, Brancati F, Salvatore M, De Stefano MC, Taruscio D, Trombelli L, Fang M, Ferlini A. Homozygous Recessive Versican Missense Variation Is Associated With Early Teeth Loss in a Pakistani Family. Front Genet 2019; 9:723. [PMID: 30740127 PMCID: PMC6357929 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a few genes involved in teeth development and morphology are known to be responsible for tooth abnormalities in Mendelian-inherited diseases. We studied an inbred family of Pakistani origin in which two first-cousin born brothers are affected by early tooth loss with peculiar teeth abnormalities characterized by the absence of cementum formation. Whole exome sequencing revealed a H2665L homozygous sequence variant in the VCAN gene. Dominant splicing mutations in VCAN are known to cause Wagner syndrome or vitreoretinopathy. We explored teeth morphology in these two patients, while versican expression was assessed by western blot analysis. Early signs of vitreoretinopathy were found in the elder brother while the parents were completely negative. Our findings suggest that the homozygous recessive H2665L missense sequence variant impairs the normal morphology of the teeth roots via loss of cementum synthesis, and is also associated with early onset, recessive, Wagner syndrome, thus expanding both the phenotype mutation scenario and the inheritance mode of VCAN mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bigoni
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marcella Neri
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scotton
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Farina
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Sofia Falzarano
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rachele Rossi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Davide Ognibene
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dieter Bosshardt
- Department of Periodontology and Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Perri
- Eye Clinic, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Campa
- Eye Clinic, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Leonardo Trombelli
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mingyan Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Dubowitz Neuromuscular Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Nahás-Scocate ACR, de Moraes GFA, Nader HB, Vicente CM, Toma L. Analysis of proteoglycan expression in human dental pulp. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 90:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF, Chen SN, McAlpine J, Castellan CS, Phansalkar RS, Aguiar TR, Vidal CMP, Napotilano JG, Nam JW, Leme AA. Dentin biomodification: strategies, renewable resources and clinical applications. Dent Mater 2013; 30:62-76. [PMID: 24309436 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biomodification of dentin is a biomimetic approach, mediated by bioactive agents, to enhance and reinforce the dentin by locally altering the biochemistry and biomechanical properties. This review provides an overview of key dentin matrix components, targeting effects of biomodification strategies, the chemistry of renewable natural sources, and current research on their potential clinical applications. METHODS The PubMed database and collected literature were used as a resource for peer-reviewed articles to highlight the topics of dentin hierarchical structure, biomodification agents, and laboratorial investigations of their clinical applications. In addition, new data is presented on laboratorial methods for the standardization of proanthocyanidin-rich preparations as a renewable source of plant-derived biomodification agents. RESULTS Biomodification agents can be categorized as physical methods and chemical agents. Synthetic and naturally occurring chemical strategies present distinctive mechanism of interaction with the tissue. Initially thought to be driven only by inter- or intra-molecular collagen induced non-enzymatic cross-linking, multiple interactions with other dentin components are fundamental for the long-term biomechanics and biostability of the tissue. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins show promising bioactivity, and their chemical complexity requires systematic evaluation of the active compounds to produce a fully standardized intervention material from renewable resource, prior to their detailed clinical evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the hierarchical structure of dentin and the targeting effect of the bioactive compounds will establish their use in both dentin-biomaterials interface and caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carina S Castellan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thaiane R Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cristina M P Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - José G Napotilano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariene A Leme
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Orsini G, Ruggeri A, Mazzoni A, Nato F, Manzoli L, Putignano A, Di Lenarda R, Tjäderhane L, Breschi L. A review of the nature, role, and function of dentin non-collagenous proteins. Part 1: proteoglycans and glycoproteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2012.00270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hou C, Liu ZX, Tang KL, Wang MG, Sun J, Wang J, Li S. Developmental changes and regional localization of Dspp, Mepe, Mimecan and Versican in postnatal developing mouse teeth. J Mol Histol 2011; 43:9-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s10735-011-9368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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