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Zhang Y, Tian K, Wei W, Mi W, Lu F, Liu Z, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Geng P, Qiu J, Song Y, Zha D. Translocation of telomerase reverse transcriptase coincided with ATP release in postnatal cochlear supporting cells. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1119-1125. [PMID: 37862217 PMCID: PMC10749606 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The spontaneous bursts of electrical activity in the developing auditory system are derived from the periodic release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by supporting cells in the Kölliker's organ. However, the mechanisms responsible for initiating spontaneous ATP release have not been determined. Our previous study revealed that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is expressed in the basilar membrane during the first postnatal week. Its role in cochlear development remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression and role of TERT in postnatal cochlea supporting cells. Our results revealed that in postnatal cochlear Kölliker's organ supporting cells, TERT shifts from the nucleus into the cytoplasm over time. We found that the TERT translocation tendency in postnatal cochlear supporting cells in vitro coincided with that observed in vivo. Further analysis showed that TERT in the cytoplasm was mainly located in mitochondria in the absence of oxidative stress or apoptosis, suggesting that TERT in mitochondria plays roles other than antioxidant or anti-apoptotic functions. We observed increased ATP synthesis, release and activation of purine signaling systems in supporting cells during the first 10 postnatal days. The phenomenon that TERT translocation coincided with changes in ATP synthesis, release and activation of the purine signaling system in postnatal cochlear supporting cells suggested that TERT may be involved in regulating ATP release and activation of the purine signaling system. Our study provides a new research direction for exploring the spontaneous electrical activity of the cochlea during the early postnatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Keyong Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenjuan Mi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Fei Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingwen Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Panling Geng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jianhua Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yongli Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dingjun Zha
- Department of Otolaryngology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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2
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Zou T, Xie R, Huang S, Lu D, Liu J. Potential role of modulating autophagy levels in sensorineural hearing loss. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116115. [PMID: 38460910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Apoptosis and necrosis have been identified to play important roles in hearing loss, but they cannot account for all hearing loss. Autophagy, a cellular process responsible for cell self-degradation and reutilization, has emerged as a significant factor contributing to hearing loss, particularly in cases of autophagy deficiency. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cell health by exerting cytoprotective and metabolically homeostatic effects in organisms. Consequently, modulating autophagy levels can profoundly impact the survival, death, and regeneration of cells in the inner ear, including hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Abnormal mitochondrial autophagy has been demonstrated in animal models of SNHL. These findings indicate the profound significance of comprehending autophagy while suggesting that our perspective on this cellular process holds promise for advancing the treatment of SNHL. Thus, this review aims to clarify the pathogenic mechanisms of SNHL and the role of autophagy in the developmental processes of various cochlear structures, including the greater epithelial ridge (GER), SGNs, and the ribbon synapse. The pathogenic mechanisms of age-related hearing loss (ARHL), also known as presbycusis, and the latest research on autophagy are also discussed. Furthermore, we underscore recent findings on the modulation of autophagy in SNHL induced by ototoxic drugs. Additionally, we suggest further research that might illuminate the complete potential of autophagy in addressing SNHL, ultimately leading to the formulation of pioneering therapeutic strategies and approaches for the treatment of deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renwei Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Renhe Hospital, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Sihan Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingkun Lu
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Chen J, Gao D, Sun L, Yang J. Kölliker’s organ-supporting cells and cochlear auditory development. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1031989. [PMID: 36304996 PMCID: PMC9592740 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1031989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kölliker’s organ is a transient cellular cluster structure in the development of the mammalian cochlea. It gradually degenerates from embryonic columnar cells to cuboidal cells in the internal sulcus at postnatal day 12 (P12)–P14, with the cochlea maturing when the degeneration of supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ is complete, which is distinct from humans because it disappears at birth already. The supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ play a key role during this critical period of auditory development. Spontaneous release of ATP induces an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels in inner hair cells in a paracrine form via intercellular gap junction protein hemichannels. The Ca2+ further induces the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate from the synaptic vesicles of the inner hair cells, which subsequently excite afferent nerve fibers. In this way, the supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ transmit temporal and spatial information relevant to cochlear development to the hair cells, promoting fine-tuned connections at the synapses in the auditory pathway, thus facilitating cochlear maturation and auditory acquisition. The Kölliker’s organ plays a crucial role in such a scenario. In this article, we review the morphological changes, biological functions, degeneration, possible trans-differentiation of cochlear hair cells, and potential molecular mechanisms of supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ during the auditory development in mammals, as well as future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianhua Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lianhua Sun Jun Yang
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lianhua Sun Jun Yang
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4
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Chen J, Gao D, Chen J, Hou S, He B, Li Y, Li S, Zhang F, Sun X, Mammano F, Sun L, Yang J, Zheng G. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals Greater Epithelial Ridge Cells Degeneration During Postnatal Development of Cochlea in Rats. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:719491. [PMID: 34540839 PMCID: PMC8446670 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.719491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Greater epithelial ridge cells, a transient neonatal cell group in the cochlear duct, which plays a crucial role in the functional maturation of hair cell, structural development of tectorial membrane, and refinement of audio localization before hearing. Greater epithelial ridge cells are methodologically homogeneous, while whether different cell subtypes are existence in this intriguing region and the degeneration mechanism during postnatal cochlear development are poorly understood. In the present study, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on the cochlear duct of postnatal rats at day 1 (P1) and day 7 (P7) to identify subsets of greater epithelial ridge cell and progression. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis were used to examine genes enriched biological processes in these clusters. We identified a total of 26 clusters at P1 and P7 rats and found that the cell number of five cell clusters decreased significantly, while four clusters had similar gene expression patterns and biological properties. The genes of these four cell populations were mainly enriched in Ribosome and P13K-Akt signal pathway. Among them, Rps16, Rpsa, Col4a2, Col6a2, Ctsk, and Jun are particularly interesting as their expression might contribute to the greater epithelial ridge cells degeneration. In conclusion, our study provides an important reference resource of greater epithelial ridge cells landscape and mechanism insights for further understanding greater epithelial ridge cells degeneration during postnatal rat cochlear development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shule Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihui He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuna Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fabio Mammano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "G. Galilei", University of Padova, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Italian National Research Council, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Lianhua Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiliang Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Ear Institute, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
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5
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Czajkowska J, Junka A, Hoppe J, Toporkiewicz M, Pawlak A, Migdał P, Oleksy-Wawrzyniak M, Fijałkowski K, Śmiglak M, Markowska-Szczupak A. The Co-Culture of Staphylococcal Biofilm and Fibroblast Cell Line: The Correlation of Biological Phenomena with Metabolic NMR 1 Footprint. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115826. [PMID: 34072418 PMCID: PMC8198359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most prevalent pathogens associated with several types of biofilm-based infections, including infections of chronic wounds. Mature staphylococcal biofilm is extremely hard to eradicate from a wound and displays a high tendency to induce recurring infections. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate in vitro the interaction between S. aureus biofilm and fibroblast cells searching for metabolites that could be considered as potential biomarkers of critical colonization and infection. Utilizing advanced microscopy and microbiological methods to examine biofilm formation and the staphylococcal infection process, we were able to distinguish 4 phases of biofilm development. The analysis of staphylococcal biofilm influence on the viability of fibroblasts allowed us to pinpoint the moment of critical colonization-12 h post contamination. Based on the obtained model we performed a metabolomics analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy to provide new insights into the pathophysiology of infection. We identified a set of metabolites related to the switch to anaerobic metabolism that was characteristic for staphylococcal biofilm co-cultured with fibroblast cells. The data presented in this study may be thus considered a noteworthy but preliminary step in the direction of developing a new, NMR-based tool for rapid diagnosing of infection in a chronic wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Czajkowska
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland;
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.O.-W.); (A.M.-S.)
| | - Adam Junka
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Łukasiewicz Research Network–PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-889-229-341
| | - Jakub Hoppe
- Poznan Science and Technology Park (PPNT), Rubiez 5, 61-612 Poznań, Poland; (J.H.); (M.Ś.)
| | - Monika Toporkiewicz
- Bioimaging Laboratory, Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Pawlak
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Kazimierza Bartla 5, 50-996 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Oleksy-Wawrzyniak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.O.-W.); (A.M.-S.)
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Śmiglak
- Poznan Science and Technology Park (PPNT), Rubiez 5, 61-612 Poznań, Poland; (J.H.); (M.Ś.)
| | - Agata Markowska-Szczupak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (M.O.-W.); (A.M.-S.)
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6
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Distinct Expression Patterns of Apoptosis and Autophagy-Associated Proteins and Genes during Postnatal Development of Spiral Ganglion Neurons in Rat. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:9387560. [PMID: 33123191 PMCID: PMC7586152 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9387560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis have a complex interplay in the early embryo development. The development of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in addition to Corti's organ in the mammalian cochlea remains crucial in the first two-week postnatal period. To investigate the roles of apoptosis and autophagy in the development of SGNs, light microscopy was used to observe the morphological changes of SGNs. The number of SGNs was decreased from P1 to P7 and plateaued from P10 to P14. Immunohistochemistry results revealed positive expression of cleaved-caspase3, bcl-2, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II), Beclin1, and sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/P62) in SGNs. The apoptotic bodies and autophagosomes and autolysosomes were also identified by transmission electron microscopy at P1 and P7. Real-time PCR and western blotting results revealed that the apoptotic activity peaked at P7 and the autophagy activity was gradually upregulated along with the development. Taken together, our results for the first time showed that autophagy and apoptosis in SGNs play distinct roles during specific developmental phases in a time-dependent manner.
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7
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Schade-Mann T, Münkner S, Eckrich T, Engel J. Calcium signaling in interdental cells during the critical developmental period of the mouse cochlea. Hear Res 2020; 389:107913. [PMID: 32120242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The tectorial membrane (TM), a complex acellular structure that covers part of the organ of Corti and excites outer hair cells, is required for normal hearing. It consists of collagen fibrils and various glycoproteins, which are synthesized in embryonic and postnatal development by different cochlear cell types including the interdental cells (IDCs). At its modiolar side, the TM is fixed to the apical surfaces of IDCs, which form the covering epithelium of the spiral limbus. We performed confocal membrane imaging and Ca2+ imaging in IDCs of the developing mouse cochlea from birth to postnatal day 18 (P18). Using the fluorescent membrane markers FM 4-64 and CellMask™ Deep Red on explanted whole-mount cochlear epithelium, we identified the morphology of IDCs at different z-levels of the spiral limbus. Ca2+ imaging of Fluo-8 AM-loaded cochlear epithelia revealed spontaneous intracellular Ca2+ transients in IDCs at P0/1, P4/5, and P18. Their relative frequency was lowest on P0/1, increased by a factor of 12.5 on P4/5 and decreased to twice the initial value on P18. At all three ages, stimulation of IDCs with the trinucleotides ATP and UTP at 1 and 10 μM elicited Ca2+ transients of varying amplitude and shape. Before the onset of hearing, IDCs responded with robust Ca2+ oscillations. At P18, after the onset of hearing, ATP stimulation either caused Ca2+ oscillations or an initial Ca2+ peak followed by a plateau while the UTP response was unchanged from that at pre-hearing stage. Parameters of spontaneous and nucleotide-evoked Ca2+ transients such as amplitude, decay time and duration were markedly reduced during cochlear development, whereas the kinetics of the Ca2+ rise did not show relevant changes. Whether low-frequency spontaneous Ca2+ transients are necessary for the formation and maintenance of the tectorial membrane e.g. by regulating gene transcription needs to be elucidated in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thore Schade-Mann
- Dept. of Biophysics & CIPMM, Hearing Research, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen University Medical Centre, Germany
| | - Stefan Münkner
- Dept. of Biophysics & CIPMM, Hearing Research, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Eckrich
- Dept. of Biophysics & CIPMM, Hearing Research, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jutta Engel
- Dept. of Biophysics & CIPMM, Hearing Research, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Pellicciari C, Biggiogera M, Malatesta M. A journal of histochemistry as a forum for non-histochemical scientific societies. Eur J Histochem 2019; 63. [PMID: 31868322 PMCID: PMC6945069 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histochemical techniques are widely applied in biomedical research and, during the last twenty years, they were among the methods used in more than 590,000 scientific articles in indexed journals. However, a very small percentage of these papers were published in strictly histochemical journals. A possible strategy to widen the audience of the histochemical journals making them attractive to non-histochemist authors might be to publish and make open-access available the proceedings of the meetings and conferences of valued scientific societies whose fellows use microscopy and histochemistry in their experimental activity. In the last years' experience of the European Journal of Histochemistry, this approach was effective to increase the number of published articles on stem cells and development, connective tissue and nerve cell biology.
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9
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Hou S, Chen J, Yang J. Autophagy precedes apoptosis during degeneration of the Kölliker's organ in the development of rat cochlea. Eur J Histochem 2019; 63. [PMID: 31189296 PMCID: PMC6562256 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kölliker’s organ is a transient epithelial structure during cochlea development that gradually degenerates and disappears at postnatal 12-14 days (P12-14). While apoptosis has been shown to play an essential role in the degeneration of the Kölliker’s organ, the role of another programmed cell death, autophagy, remains unclear. In our study, autophagy markers including microtubule associated protein light chain 3-II (LC3-II), sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) and Beclin1 were detected in the supporting cells of the Kölliker’s organ through immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, Western blot and real-time PCR revealed a gradually decreased expression of LC3-II and an increased expression of p62 during early postnatal development. Compared to apoptosis markers that peaks between P7 and P10, autophagy flux peaked earlier at P1 and decreased from P1 to P14. By transmission electron microscopy, we observed representative autophagosome and autolysosome that packaged various organelles in the supporting cells of the Kölliker’s organ. During the degeneration, these organelles were digested via autophagy well ahead of the cellular apoptosis. These results suggest that autophagy plays an important role in transition and degeneration of the Kölliker’s organ prior to apoptosis during the early postnatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shule Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai.
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10
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Pellicciari C. Histochemistry as a versatile research toolkit in biological research, not only an applied discipline in pathology. Eur J Histochem 2018; 62. [PMID: 30572698 PMCID: PMC6317132 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2018.3006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The impressive progress of histochemistry over the last 50 years has led to setting up specific and sensitive techniques to describe dynamic events, through the detection of specific molecules in the very place where they exist in live cells. The scientific field where histochemistry has most largely been applied is histopathology, with the aim to identify disease-specific molecular markers or to elucidate the etiopathological mechanisms. Numerous authors did however apply histochemistry to a variety of other research fields; their interests range from the microanatomy of animal and plant organisms to the cellular mechanisms of life. This is especially apparent browsing the contents of the histochemical journals where the articles on subjects other than pathology are the majority; these journals still keep a pivotal role in the field of cell and tissue biology, while being a forum for a diverse range of biologists whose scientific interests expand the research horizon of histochemistry to ever novel subjects. Thus, histochemistry can always receive inspiring stimuli toward a continuous methodological refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Pellicciari
- University of Pavia, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani".
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