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Sun Y, Wei X, Zhao T, Shi H, Hao X, Wang Y, Zhang H, Yao Z, Zheng M, Ma T, Fu T, Lu J, Luo X, Yan Y, Wang H. Oleanolic acid alleviates obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:584-597. [PMID: 38366735 PMCID: PMC10988678 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) is a pentacyclic triterpene with reported protective effects against various diseases, including diabetes, hepatitis, and different cancers. However, the effects of OA on obesity-induced muscle atrophy remain largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of OA on skeletal muscle production and proliferation of C2C12 cells. We report that OA significantly increased skeletal muscle mass and improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. OA inhibited dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myoblasts by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In addition, it also inhibited expression of MuRF1 and Atrogin1 genes in skeletal muscle of obese mice suffering from muscle atrophy, and increased the activation of PI3K and Akt, thereby promoting protein synthesis, and eventually alleviating muscle atrophy. Taken together, these findings suggest OA may have potential for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Sun
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Hongwei Shi
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Huiling Zhang
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Zhichao Yao
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Minxing Zheng
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Tianyun Ma
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Tingting Fu
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Jiayin Lu
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Xiaomao Luo
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Yi Yan
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Veterinary MedicineShanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhongChina
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Kaefer SL, Zhang L, Morrison RA, Brookes S, Awonusi O, Shay E, Hoilett OS, Anderson JL, Goergen CJ, Voytik-Harbin S, Halum S. Early Changes in Porcine Larynges Following Injection of Motor-Endplate Expressing Muscle Cells for the Treatment of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:272-282. [PMID: 37436167 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES No curative injectable therapy exists for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Herein, we explore the early implications of muscle-derived motor-endplate expressing cells (MEEs) for injectable vocal fold medialization after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. METHODS Yucatan minipigs underwent right RLN transection (without repair) and muscle biopsies. Autologous muscle progenitor cells were isolated, cultured, differentiated, and induced to form MEEs. Three weeks after the injury, MEEs or saline were injected into the paralyzed right vocal fold. Outcomes including evoked laryngeal electromyography (LEMG), laryngeal adductor pressure, and acoustic vocalization data were analyzed up to 7 weeks post-injury. Harvested porcine larynges were examined for volume, gene expression, and histology. RESULTS MEE injections were tolerated well, with all pigs demonstrating continued weight gain. Blinded analysis of videolaryngoscopy post-injection revealed infraglottic fullness, and no inflammatory changes. Four weeks after injection, LEMG revealed on average higher right distal RLN activity retention in MEE pigs. MEE-injected pigs on average had vocalization durations, frequencies, and intensities higher than saline pigs. Post-mortem, the MEE-injected larynges revealed statistically greater volume on quantitative 3D ultrasound, and statistically increased expression of neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF, NTF3, NTF4, NTN1) on quantitative PCR. CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive MEE injection appears to establish an early molecular and microenvironmental framework to encourage innate RLN regeneration. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if early findings will translate into functional contraction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:272-282, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Kaefer
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Lujuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Rachel A Morrison
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Brookes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Oluwaseyi Awonusi
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Shay
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Orlando S Hoilett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sherry Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Stacey Halum
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Quiete S, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Kasperczyk S, Vendemiale G. Sarcopenia Is Associated with Changes in Circulating Markers of Antioxidant/Oxidant Balance and Innate Immune Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1992. [PMID: 38001845 PMCID: PMC10669556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The involvement of redox balance alterations and innate immunity is suggested to play a key role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. This investigation aimed to define and relate modifications in circulating markers of redox homeostasis and the innate immune response in human sarcopenia. (2) Methods: A total of 32 subjects aged >65 years old and affected by sarcopenia according to the second "European Working Group on sarcopenia in older people" guidelines were compared with 40 non-sarcopenic age-matched controls. To assess systemic redox homeostasis, reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) blood glutathione and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA)- and 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (HNE)-protein adducts were measured. Immune cells and circulating interleukins were determined to compare the innate immune response between both groups. (3) Results: Impaired redox balance in sarcopenic patients, characterized by a high blood GSSG/GSH ratio and plasma MDA/HNE-protein adducts, was sustained by reduced antioxidants in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, sarcopenic patients showed higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with respect to non-sarcopenic patients. Linear regression analysis resulted in a strong association between redox balance and immune response markers in the sarcopenic group. (4) Conclusions: These results support the interplay between redox homeostasis alteration and disruption of the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.V.)
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.V.)
| | - Stefano Quiete
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.V.)
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Katowice, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Katowice, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Katowice, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.V.)
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Nascimento JJAC, Machado ASD, Della-Santa GML, Fernandes DC, Ferreira MC, Machado GAP, Chaves BCG, Costa KB, Rocha-Vieira E, Oliveira MX, Gaiad TP, Santos AP. Effects of photobiomodulation therapy on functional recovery, angiogenesis and redox status in denervated muscle of rats. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAO6001. [PMID: 34586157 PMCID: PMC8439560 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ao6001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy in redox status, angiogenesis marker – vascular endothelial growth factor – and in the functional recovery in denervated muscle. Methods: A total of 32 female Wistar rats underwent a crush injury and were randomly divided into four groups: Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Control Group 2 (muscle collected 2 days after injury), and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 and Control Group 21 (muscle collected 21 days afterinjury). Light Emitting Diode Group 2 and Light Emitting Diode Group 21 received two and ten light emitting diode applications (630±20nm, 9J/cm2, 300mW), respectively, and the Control Group 2 and Control Group 21 did not receive any treatment. The function was evaluated by grasping test at four moments (pre-injury, 2, 10 and 21 post-injury days). The flexor digitorum muscle was collected for analysis of immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor and redox parameters. Results: Functional improvement was observed at the second and tenth post-injury day in treated groups compared to control (p<0.005). The muscle tissue of treated groups presented higher immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor. Photobiomodulation therapy decreased the oxidative damage to lipid in Light Emitting Diode Group 2 compared to Control Group 2 (p=0.023) in the denervated muscle. Conclusion: Photobiomodulation therapy accelerated the functional recovery, increased angiogenesis and reduced lipid peroxidation in the denervated muscle at 2 days after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Karine Beatriz Costa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Peixoto Gaiad
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santos
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
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Peña-Toledo MA, Luque E, Ruz-Caracuel I, Agüera E, Jimena I, Peña-Amaro J, Tunez I. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Improves Muscle Involvement in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168589. [PMID: 34445295 PMCID: PMC8395284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is affected in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is a model of multiple sclerosis that produces changes including muscle atrophy; histological features of neurogenic involvement, and increased oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the involvement of rat skeletal muscle and to compare them with those produced by natalizumab (NTZ). EAE was induced by injecting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) into Dark Agouti rats. Both treatments, NTZ and TMS, were implemented from day 15 to day 35. Clinical severity was studied, and after sacrifice, the soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles were extracted for subsequent histological and biochemical analysis. The treatment with TMS and NTZ had a beneficial effect on muscle involvement in the EAE model. There was a clinical improvement in functional motor deficits, atrophy was attenuated, neurogenic muscle lesions were reduced, and the level of oxidative stress biomarkers was lower in both treatment groups. Compared to NTZ, the best response was obtained with TMS for all the parameters analyzed. The myoprotective effect of TMS was higher than that of NTZ. Thus, the use of TMS may be an effective strategy to reduce muscle involvement in multiple sclerosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Count
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/physiopathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Male
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/physiology
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Muscular Atrophy/physiopathology
- Muscular Atrophy/prevention & control
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- Natalizumab/pharmacology
- Rats
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Peña-Toledo
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Evelio Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Section of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ruz-Caracuel
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Section of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Agüera
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Jimena
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Section of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jose Peña-Amaro
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Section of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Isaac Tunez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Cooperative Research Thematic Excellent Network on Brain Stimulation (REDESTIM), Ministery for Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Gupta P, Dutt V, Kaur N, Kalra P, Gupta S, Dua A, Dabur R, Saini V, Mittal A. S-allyl cysteine: A potential compound against skeletal muscle atrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129676. [PMID: 32649980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is crucial player in skeletal muscle atrophy pathogenesis. S-allyl cysteine (SAC), an organosulfur compound of Allium sativum, possesses broad-spectrum properties including immuno- and redox-modulatory impact. Considering the role of SAC in regulating redox balance, we hypothesize that SAC may have a protective role in oxidative-stress induced atrophy. METHODS C2C12 myotubes were treated with H2O2 (100 μM) in the presence or absence of SAC (200 μM) to study morphology, redox status, inflammatory cytokines and proteolytic systems using fluorescence microscopy, biochemical analysis, real-time PCR and immunoblotting approaches. The anti-atrophic potential of SAC was confirmed in denervation-induced atrophy model. RESULTS SAC pre-incubation (4 h) could protect the myotube morphology (i.e. length/diameter/fusion index) from atrophic effects of H2O2. Lower levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, oxidized glutathione and altered antioxidant enzymes were observed in H2O2-exposed cells upon pre-treatment with SAC. SAC supplementation also suppressed the rise in cytokines levels (TWEAK/IL6/myostatin) caused by H2O2. SAC treatment also moderated the degradation of muscle-specific proteins (MHCf) in the H2O2-treated myotubes supported by lower induction of diverse proteolytic systems (i.e. cathepsin, calpain, ubiquitin-proteasome E3-ligases, caspase-3, autophagy). Denervation-induced atrophy in mice illustrates that SAC administration alleviates the negative effects (i.e. mass loss, decreased cross-sectional area, up-regulation of proteolytic systems, and degradation of total/specific protein) of denervation on muscles. CONCLUSIONS SAC exerts significant anti-atrophic effects to protect myotubes from H2O2-induced protein loss and myofibers from denervation-induced muscle loss, due to the prevention of elevated proteolytic systems and inflammatory/oxidative molecules. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The results signify the potential of SAC against muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Vikas Dutt
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Nirmaljeet Kaur
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Priya Kalra
- Laboratory of Infection Biology and Translational Research, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Anita Dua
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Biochemistry Department, MD University, Rohtak, Haryana 124001, India
| | - Vikram Saini
- Laboratory of Infection Biology and Translational Research, Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ashwani Mittal
- Skeletal Muscle Laboratory, Institute of Integrated and Honors Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India.
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Azarova IE, Klyosova EY, Kolomoets II, Azarova VA, Ivakin VE, Konoplya AI, Polonikov AV. Polymorphisms of the Gene Encoding Cytochrome b-245 Beta Chain of NADPH Oxidase: Relationship with Redox Homeostasis Markers and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. RUSS J GENET+ 2020; 56:856-862. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420070017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
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8
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Cui W, Liu CX, Zhang YC, Shen Q, Feng ZH, Wang J, Lu SF, Wu J, Li JX. A novel oleanolic acid derivative HA-19 ameliorates muscle atrophy via promoting protein synthesis and preventing protein degradation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 378:114625. [PMID: 31201822 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy refers to a decrease in the size of muscles in the body, occurs in certain muscles with inactivity in many diseases and lacks effective therapies up to date. Natural products still play an important role in drug discovery. In the present study, derivatives of a natural product, oleanolic acid, were screened with myoblast differentiation and myotube atrophy assays, respectively. Results revealed that one of the derivatives, HA-19 showed the most potent anti-muscle atrophy activity, and was used for further studies. We demonstrated that HA-19 led to the increase of the protein synthesis by activating mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/p70 S6K pathways, and also enhanced myoblast proliferation and terminal differentiation via up-regulating of the myogenic transcription factors Pax7, MyoD and Myogenin. The interesting thing was that HA-19 also suppressed protein degradation to prevent myotube atrophy by down-regulating negative growth factors, FoxO1, MuRF1 and Atrogin-1. The results were also supported by puromycin labelling and protein ubiquitination assays. These data revealed that HA-19 possessed a "dual effect" on inhibition of muscle atrophy. In disuse-induced muscle atrophy mice model, HA-19 treatment significantly increased the weights of bilateral tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius (Gastroc.), quadriceps (Quad.), suggesting the effectiveness of HA-19 to remit disuse-induced muscle atrophy. Our finding demonstrated that HA-19 has a great potential as an inhibitor or lead compound for the anti-muscle atrophy drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chen-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Feng
- The Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Joint Disease, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sheng-Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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9
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Carraro U. 2019Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Translational Myology and Mobility Medicine. Eur J Transl Myol 2019; 29:8105. [PMID: 31019665 PMCID: PMC6460213 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A half-century tradition of skeletal muscles studies, started with a research on fever, is continuing under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy, the A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy and the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM). This year an EJTM Special will be dedicated to Muscle Fascia, an under looked topic, which merits more attention. Furthermore, this year the 2019SpringPaduaMuscleDays: Translational Myology and Mobility Medicine, an International Conference, was held March 28-30, 2019 in Euganei Hills and Padova (Italy). The abstracts of the 2019SpPMD, that are reported in the Myology News of EJTM 29(1), 2019, are excellent examples of translational research. Their excellent contents are at the level needed for approval by Ethical Committees, International Granting Agencies, and Editors of international journals, thanks to the high scientific profiles of researchers and clinicians who are eager to present their results at the PaduaMuscleDays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy
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10
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Bouchè M, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Proietti D, Madaro L. Do neurogenic and cancer-induced muscle atrophy follow common or divergent paths? Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7931. [PMID: 30662704 PMCID: PMC6317130 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue capable of responding to a large variety of physiological stimuli by adjusting muscle fiber size, metabolism and function. However, in pathological conditions such as cancer and neural disorders, this finely regulated homeostasis is impaired leading to severe muscle wasting, reduced muscle fiber size (atrophy), and impaired function. These disease features develop due to enhanced protein breakdown, which relies on two major degradation systems: the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome. These systems are independently regulated by different signalling pathways, which in physiological conditions, determine protein and organelle turnover. However, alterations in one or both systems, as it happens in several disorders, leads to enhanced protein breakdown and muscle atrophy. Although this is a common feature in the different types of muscle atrophy, the relative contribution of each of these systems is still under debate. Here, we will briefly describe the regulation and the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems during muscle wasting. We will then discuss what we know regarding how these pathways are involved in cancer induced and in neurogenic muscle atrophy, highlighting common and divergent paths. It is now clear that there is no one unifying common mechanism that can be applied to all models of muscle loss. Detailed understanding of the pathways and proteolysis mechanisms involved in each model will hopefully help the development of drugs to counteract muscle wasting in specific conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bouchè
- DAHFMO, Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
| | | | - Daisy Proietti
- DAHFMO, Unit of Histology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
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11
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Giuriati W, Ravara B, Porzionato A, Albertin G, Stecco C, Macchi V, De Caro R, Martinello T, Gomiero C, Patruno M, Coletti D, Zampieri S, Nori A. Muscle spindles of the rat sternomastoid muscle. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7904. [PMID: 30662700 PMCID: PMC6317131 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The sternomastoid (SM) muscle in rodents presents a peculiar distribution of fiber types
with a steep gradient from the ventral, superficial, white portion to the dorsal, deep,
red region, where muscle spindles are restricted. Cross section of the medial longitudinal
third of the rat SM contains around 10,000 muscle fibers with a mean diameter of
51.28±12.62 (μm +/- SD). Transverse sections stained by Succinate Dehydrogenase
(SDH) reaction clearly presents two distinct regions: the dorsal deep red portion
encompassing a 40% cross section area contains a high percentage of packed SDH-positive
muscle fibers, and the ventral superficial region which contains mainly SDH-negative
muscle fibers. Indeed, the ventral superficial region of the rat SM muscle contains mainly
fast 2B muscle fibers. These acidic ATPase pH 4.3-negative and SDH-negative 2B muscle
fibers are the largest of the SM muscle, while the acidic ATPase pH 4.3-positive and
SDH-positive Type 1 muscle fibers are the smallest. Here we show that in thin transverse
cryosections only 2 or 3 muscle spindle are observed in the central part of the dorsal
deep red portion of the SM muscle. Azan Mallory stained sections allow at the same time to
count the spindles and to evaluate aging fibrosis of the skeletal muscle tissue. Though
restricted in the muscle red region, SM spindles are embedded in perimysium, whose changes
may influence their reflex activity. Our findings confirm that any comparisons of changes
in number and percentage of muscle spindles and muscle fibers of the rat SM muscle will
require morphometry of the whole muscle cross-section. Muscle biopsies of SM muscle from
large mammals will only provide partial data on the size of the different types of muscle
fibers biased by sampling. Nonetheless, histology of muscle tissue continue to provide
practical and low-cost quantitative data to follow-up translational studies in rodents and
beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Giuriati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Interdepartmental Research Institute of Myology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Ravara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Interdepartmental Research Institute of Myology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Albertin
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Stecco
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Macchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caro
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Martinello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Gomiero
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Coletti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univversté Paris 06 (CNRS, UMR 8256, INSERM ERL U1164), Institut Biologie Paris-Seine, Paris, France.,Department. of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Interdepartmental Research Institute of Myology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy.,Physiko- und Rheumatherapie, St. Poelten, Austria
| | - Alessandra Nori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Interdepartmental Research Institute of Myology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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12
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Yang X, Xue P, Liu X, Xu X, Chen Z. HMGB1/autophagy pathway mediates the atrophic effect of TGF-β1 in denervated skeletal muscle. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:97. [PMID: 30526602 PMCID: PMC6286536 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a classical modulator of skeletal muscle and regulates several processes, such as myogenesis, regeneration and muscle function in skeletal muscle diseases. Skeletal muscle atrophy, characterized by the loss of muscle strength and mass, is one of the pathological conditions regulated by TGF-β1, but the underlying mechanism involved in the atrophic effects of TGF-β1 is not fully understood. Methods Mice sciatic nerve transection model was created and gastrocnemius were analysed by western blot, immunofluorescence staining and fibre diameter quantification after 2 weeks. Exogenous TGF-β1 was administrated and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), autophagy were blocked by siRNA and chloroquine (CQ) respectively to explore the mechanism of the atrophic effect of TGF-β1 in denervated muscle. Similar methods were performed in C2C12 cells. Results We found that TGF-β1 was induced in denervated muscle and it could promote atrophy of skeletal muscle both in vivo and in vitro, up-regulated HMGB1 and increased autophagy activity were also detected in denervated muscle and were further promoted by exogenous TGF-β1. The atrophic effect of TGF-β1 could be inhibited when HMGB1/autophagy pathway was blocked. Conclusions Thus, our data revealed that TGF-β1 is a vital regulatory factor in denervated skeletal muscle in which HMGB1/ autophagy pathway mediates the atrophic effect of TGF-β1. Our findings confirmed a new pathway in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy and it may be a novel therapeutic target for patients with muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0310-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Pingping Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Hanchuan, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hanchuan, 432300, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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13
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Gabellini D, Musarò A. Report on Abstracts of the 15th Meeting of IIM, the Interuniversity Institute of Myology - Assisi (Italy), October 11-14, 2018. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7957. [PMID: 30662705 PMCID: PMC6317139 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
On October 11-14, 2018, the 15th Meeting of the Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM) took place in the city Assisi, Italy. Muscle researchers from Italy, and various European and North-American countries gathered to discuss recent results on the physiology and diseases of skeletal muscle. The program showcased keynote lectures from world-renowned international speakers presenting advances in muscle stem cells, circadian rhythm, organismal development and growth, muscle physiology, and bioengineering. Novel, unpublished results from young trainees were presented as oral communications or posters, based on selection from submitted abstracts. Young trainees where directly involved in several aspects of the meeting by being responsible of organizing a scientific session, arranging three round tables tailored to the interests of their peers and chairing all scientific sessions. The meeting offered a unique opportunity for young researchers to present their work, have feedback from more experienced colleagues and establish collaborations to further understanding of muscular diseases and develop therapeutic strategies. The open, informal and friendly atmosphere of the meeting stimulated lively discussions, instrumental to highlight key areas of muscle research and foster scientific cross-fertilization and new collaborations. The meeting was very successful. A sign that the IIM community will continue to deliver important contributions to the training of young students and fellows, promoting our understanding of muscle formation and activity, the mechanism of muscle diseases and the progress toward therapeutic approaches. The Myology field is strong and articulated in basic, translational and early clinical research, moving toward the development of treatments for several muscle diseases as documented by the abstracts of the IIM meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gabellini
- Gene Expression and Muscular Dystrophy Unit, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Musarò
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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14
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Pigna E, Sanna K, Coletti D, Li Z, Parlakian A, Adamo S, Moresi V. Increasing autophagy does not affect neurogenic muscle atrophy. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7687. [PMID: 30344980 PMCID: PMC6176397 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological autophagy plays a crucial role in the regulation of muscle mass and metabolism, while the excessive induction or the inhibition of the autophagic flux contributes to the progression of several diseases. Autophagy can be activated by different stimuli, including cancer, exercise, caloric restriction and denervation. The latter leads to muscle atrophy through the activation of catabolic pathways, i.e. the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. However, the kinetics of autophagy activation and the upstream molecular pathways in denervated skeletal muscle have not been reported yet. In this study, we characterized the kinetics of autophagic induction, quickly triggered by denervation, and report the Akt/mTOR axis activation. Besides, with the aim to assess the relative contribution of autophagy in neurogenic muscle atrophy, we triggered autophagy with different stimuli along with denervation, and observed that four week-long autophagic induction, by either intermitted fasting or rapamycin treatment, did not significantly affect muscle mass loss. We conclude that: i) autophagy does not play a major role in inducing muscle loss following denervation; ii) nonetheless, autophagy may have a regulatory role in denervation induced muscle atrophy, since it is significantly upregulated as early as eight hours after denervation; iii) Akt/mTOR axis, AMPK and FoxO3a are activated consistently with the progression of muscle atrophy, further highlighting the complexity of the signaling response to the atrophying stimulus deriving from denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pigna
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopedics, Histology & Medical Embryology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Krizia Sanna
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopedics, Histology & Medical Embryology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Coletti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopedics, Histology & Medical Embryology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8256-INSERM ERL U1164, IBPS B2A Department of Biological Adaptation and Aging, Paris, France
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8256-INSERM ERL U1164, IBPS B2A Department of Biological Adaptation and Aging, Paris, France
| | - Ara Parlakian
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8256-INSERM ERL U1164, IBPS B2A Department of Biological Adaptation and Aging, Paris, France
| | | | - Viviana Moresi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine & Orthopedics, Histology & Medical Embryology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.,Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Italy
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15
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Merino H, Singla DK. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-2 Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Apoptosis Mediated through the Akt-mTOR Pathway in Soleus Muscle. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6043064. [PMID: 30151071 PMCID: PMC6093014 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6043064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a potent chemotherapeutic drug known for its dose-dependent and serious adverse effects, such as cardiotoxicity and myotoxicity. Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) and muscle toxicity (DIMT) have been studied; however, the mechanisms of Dox-induced apoptosis in soleus muscle are not well defined. Our data shows that with Dox treatment, there is a significant increase in oxidative stress, apoptosis, proapoptotic protein BAX, pPTEN levels, and wnt3a and β-catenin activity (p < 0.05). Moreover, Dox treatment also resulted in decreased antioxidant levels, antiapoptotic BCL2, pAKT, p-mTOR, and endogenous levels of sFRP2 in the soleus muscle tissue (p < 0.05). Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (sFRP2) treatment attenuated the adverse effects of DIMT and apoptosis in the soleus muscle, evidenced by a decrease in oxidative stress, apoptosis, BAX, pPTEN, and wnt3a and β-catenin activity, as well as an increase in antioxidants, BCL2, pAKT, p-MTOR, and sFRP2 levels (p < 0.05). This data suggests that Dox-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis is mediated through both the Akt-mTOR and wnt/β-catenin pathways. Moreover, the data also shows that sFRP2 modulates these two pathways by increasing signaling of Akt-mTOR and decreased signaling of the wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, our data suggests that sFRP2 has valuable therapeutic potential in reversing Dox-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in soleus muscle mediated through the Akt-mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda Merino
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Dinender K. Singla
- Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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16
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Carraro U. EJTM3 is also covering Mobility and Medicine at large, an update. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7814. [PMID: 30344982 PMCID: PMC6176385 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first 2018 issue, the European Journal of Translational Myology expanded its authorship and readership from the strict topics of biology, physiology, diagnostic, management and rehabilitation of skeletal muscle to the more clinically relevant fields of human mobility to those of general medicine. This third issue opens with a review on Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, a very complex medical problem, as its other names testify (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis or Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease). A more typical molecular myology original article follows (Increasing autophagy does not affect neurogenic muscle atrophy), but then several Rapid Reports cover different Medical Specialties fields, related or unrelated to neuromyology, mobility problems and their potential solutions. The Advisors of EJTM invite Authors to submit typescripts, taking into account that the journal is keen to publish high-level papers in the fields of Translational Myology, Mobility and Medicine at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology
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17
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Renzini A, Benedetti A, Bouchè M, Silvestroni L, Adamo S, Moresi V. Culture conditions influence satellite cell activation and survival of single myofibers. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7567. [PMID: 29991990 PMCID: PMC6036316 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Single myofiber isolation protocols allow to obtain an in vitro system in which the physical association between the myofiber and its stem cells, the satellite cells, is adequately preserved. This technique is an indispensable tool by which the muscle regeneration process can be recapitulated and studied in each specific phase, from satellite cell activation to proliferation, from differentiation to fusion. This study aims to clarify the effect of different culture conditions on single myofibers, their associated satellite cells, and the physiological behavior of the satellite cells upon long term culture. By direct observations of the cultures, we compared different experimental conditions and their effect on both satellite cell behavior and myofiber viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Renzini
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, InterUniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Benedetti
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, InterUniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Bouchè
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, InterUniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Silvestroni
- Department of Fundamental and Basic Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Adamo
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, InterUniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Moresi
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, InterUniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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18
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Coletti D. Chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting: an update. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7587. [PMID: 29991991 PMCID: PMC6036312 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of cancers are associated to cachexia, a severe form of weight loss mostly accounted for by skeletal muscle wasting. Cancer patients are often treated with chemotherapy, whose side effects are at times neglected or underestimated. Paradoxically, chemotherapy itself can induce muscle wasting with severe, cancer-independent effects on muscle homeostasis. Since muscle wasting is a primary marker of poor prognosis for cancer patients and negatively affects their quality of life, the systemic consequences of chemotherapy in this context must be fully characterized and taken into account. Ten years ago a precursor study in an animal cancer model was published in the European Journal of Translation Myology (back then, Basic and Applied Myology), highlighting that the side effects of chemotherapy include muscle wasting, possibly mediated by NF-κB activation. This paper, entitled «Chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting: association with NF-κB and cancer cachexia», is now being reprinted for the inaugural issue of the «Ejtm Seminal Paper Series». In this short review we discuss those results in the light of the most recent advances in the study of chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Coletti
- (1) Biology of Adaptation and Aging, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; (2) Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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19
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Qiu J, Fang Q, Xu T, Wu C, Xu L, Wang L, Yang X, Yu S, Zhang Q, Ding F, Sun H. Mechanistic Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Therapeutic Potential of Antioxidants in Denervation- or Fasting-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Front Physiol 2018; 9:215. [PMID: 29593571 PMCID: PMC5861206 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs under various conditions, such as disuse, denervation, fasting, aging, and various diseases. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood, skeletal muscle atrophy is closely associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction. In this study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of ROS in skeletal muscle atrophy from the perspective of gene regulation, and further examine therapeutic effects of antioxidants on skeletal muscle atrophy. Microarray data showed that the gene expression of many positive regulators for ROS production were up-regulated and the gene expression of many negative regulators for ROS production were down-regulated in mouse soleus muscle atrophied by denervation (sciatic nerve injury). The ROS level was significantly increased in denervated mouse soleus muscle or fasted C2C12 myotubes that had suffered from fasting (nutrient deprivation). These two muscle samples were then treated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, a clinically used antioxidant) or pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, a naturally occurring antioxidant), respectively. As compared to non-treatment, both NAC and PQQ treatment (1) reversed the increase in the ROS level in two muscle samples; (2) attenuated the reduction in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of denervated mouse muscle or in the diameter of fasted C2C12 myotube; (3) increased the myosin heavy chain (MHC) level and decreased the muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and muscle-specific RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) levels in two muscle samples. Collectively, these results suggested that an increased ROS level was, at least partly, responsible for denervation- or fasting-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, and antioxidants might resist the atrophic effect via ROS-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Qiu
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qingqing Fang
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changyue Wu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lai Xu
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lingbin Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shu Yu
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fei Ding
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hualin Sun
- Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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20
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Adamo S. From Ejtm (European Journal of Translational Myology) to Ejt3M (European Journal of Translational Myology, Mobility, Medicine). Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7400. [PMID: 29686824 PMCID: PMC5895993 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This first 2018 Issue of the European Journal of Translational Myology presents many novelties, that are demonstrating that the journal is vital and expanding its authorship, readership and relevance from focused fields of biology, physiology, diagnostic, management and rehabilitation of skeletal muscle tissue to the more interesting and clinical relevant fields of human mobility up to those of general medicine. The Editorial Board is consequently expanded to allow fair and expert evaluation of more broadly interests and expertise of the Authors submitting typescripts. We are considering the option to move the name of the journal from Ejtm to Ejt3M (Myology, Mobility, Medicine). Criticisms and suggestions are welcomed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Adamo
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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21
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Nrf2-Keap1 signaling in oxidative and reductive stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:721-733. [PMID: 29499228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 999] [Impact Index Per Article: 166.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nrf2 and its endogenous inhibitor, Keap1, function as a ubiquitous, evolutionarily conserved intracellular defense mechanism to counteract oxidative stress. Sequestered by cytoplasmic Keap1 and targeted to proteasomal degradation in basal conditions, in case of oxidative stress Nrf2 detaches from Keap1 and translocates to the nucleus, where it heterodimerizes with one of the small Maf proteins. The heterodimers recognize the AREs, that are enhancer sequences present in the regulatory regions of Nrf2 target genes, essential for the recruitment of key factors for transcription. In the present review we briefly introduce the Nrf2-Keap1 system and describe Nrf2 functions, illustrate the Nrf2-NF-κB cross-talk, and highlight the effects of the Nrf2-Keap1 system in the physiology and pathophysiology of striated muscle tissue taking into account its role(s) in oxidative stress and reductive stress.
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Pigna E, Renzini A, Greco E, Simonazzi E, Fulle S, Mancinelli R, Moresi V, Adamo S. HDAC4 preserves skeletal muscle structure following long-term denervation by mediating distinct cellular responses. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:6. [PMID: 29477142 PMCID: PMC6389241 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Denervation triggers numerous molecular responses in skeletal muscle, including the activation of catabolic pathways and oxidative stress, leading to progressive muscle atrophy. Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) mediates skeletal muscle response to denervation, suggesting the use of HDAC inhibitors as a therapeutic approach to neurogenic muscle atrophy. However, the effects of HDAC4 inhibition in skeletal muscle in response to long-term denervation have not been described yet. METHODS To further study HDAC4 functions in response to denervation, we analyzed mutant mice in which HDAC4 is specifically deleted in skeletal muscle. RESULTS After an initial phase of resistance to neurogenic muscle atrophy, skeletal muscle with a deletion of HDAC4 lost structural integrity after 4 weeks of denervation. Deletion of HDAC4 impaired the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, delayed the autophagic response, and dampened the OS response in skeletal muscle. Inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system or the autophagic response, if on the one hand, conferred resistance to neurogenic muscle atrophy; on the other hand, induced loss of muscle integrity and inflammation in mice lacking HDAC4 in skeletal muscle. Moreover, treatment with the antioxidant drug Trolox prevented loss of muscle integrity and inflammation in in mice lacking HDAC4 in skeletal muscle, despite the resistance to neurogenic muscle atrophy. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal new functions of HDAC4 in mediating skeletal muscle response to denervation and lead us to propose the combined use of HDAC inhibitors and antioxidant drugs to treat neurogenic muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pigna
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Renzini
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Greco
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Simonazzi
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences-Section of Physiology and Physiopathology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosa Mancinelli
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences-Section of Physiology and Physiopathology, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viviana Moresi
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sergio Adamo
- DAHFMO Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Interuniversity Institute of Myology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Carraro U. Exciting perspectives for Translational Myology in the Abstracts of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays: Giovanni Salviati Memorial - Chapter I - Foreword. Eur J Transl Myol 2018; 28:7363. [PMID: 29686822 PMCID: PMC5895991 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2018.7363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Myologists working in Padua (Italy) were able to continue a half-century tradition of studies of skeletal muscles, that started with a research on fever, specifically if and how skeletal muscle contribute to it by burning bacterial toxin. Beside main publications in high-impact-factor journals by Padua myologists, I hope to convince readers (and myself) of the relevance of the editing Basic and Applied Myology (BAM), retitled from 2010 European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM), of the institution of the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology of the University of Padova (CIR-Myo), and of a long series of International Conferences organized in Euganei Hills and Padova, that is, the PaduaMuscleDays. The 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDays (2018SpPMD), were held in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy), in March 14-17, and were dedicated to Giovanni Salviati. The main event of the "Giovanni Salviati Memorial", was held in the Aula Guariento, Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti of Padua to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist 20 years after his premature passing. Using the words of Prof. Nicola Rizzuto, we all share his believe that Giovanni "will be remembered not only for his talent and originality as a biochemist, but also for his unassuming and humanistic personality, a rare quality in highly successful people like Giovanni. The best way to remember such a person is to gather pupils and colleagues, who shared with him the same scientific interests and ask them to discuss recent advances in their own fields, just as Giovanni have liked to do". Since Giovanni's friends sent many abstracts still influenced by their previous collaboration with him, all the Sessions of the 2018SpPMD reflect both to the research aims of Giovanni Salviati and the traditional topics of the PaduaMuscleDays, that is, basics and applications of physical, molecular and cellular strategies to maintain or recover functions of skeletal muscles. The translational researches summarized in the 2018SpPMD Abstracts are at the appropriate high level to attract approval of Ethical Committees, the interest of International Granting Agencies and approval for publication in top quality, international journals. This was true in the past, continues to be true in the present and will be true in the future. All 2018SpPMD Abstracts are indexed at the end of the Chapter IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Laboratory of Translational Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova.,A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.,IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia-Lido, Italy
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Sajer S. Mobility disorders and pain, interrelations that need new research concepts and advanced clinical commitments. Eur J Transl Myol 2017; 27:7179. [PMID: 29299226 PMCID: PMC5745518 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2017.7179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This Perspective will discuss topics recently suggested by Prof. Helmut Kern, Vienna, Austria, to advance the research activities of his team, that is: Topic A, 10 years post RISE; Topic B, New research for new solutions on old research questions; Topic C, Working groups on nerve regeneration, training-parameters of seniors in different ages, muscle adaptation; and studies of connective tissue and cartilage. This Perspective summarizes some of the basic concepts and of the evidence-based tools for developing further translational research activities. Clinically relevant results will ask for continuous interests of Basic and Applied Myologists and for the support during the next five to ten years of public and private granting agencies. All together, they will end in protocols, devices and multidisciplinary managements for persons suffering with muscle denervation, neuromuscular-related or non-related pain and for the increasing population of old, older and oldest senior citizens in Europe and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Sajer
- Physiko- und Rheumatherapie, St. Poelten, Austria
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Berkelmans R, Woods B. Strategies and performances of Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling using the BerkelBike with Spinal Cord Injury in a competition context (CYBATHLON). Eur J Transl Myol 2017; 27:7189. [PMID: 29299227 PMCID: PMC5745377 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2017.7189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional electrical stimulation (FES) bicycle race was an event at the Cybathlon, held in Zurich October 2016. BerkelBike BV (The Netherlands) in collaboration with Imperial College London entered a spinal cord injury pilot who had tetraplegia to compete in this event. The BerkelBike Pro is a commercially available FES capable recumbent which is normally driven by the arm- and leg power. The arm cranking part was disabled. Now the tricycle must be driven using the pilots own lower limb muscles through stimulation in accordance with race rules. The bike used during the race was also adapted with a fixed gear for improved efficiency. The pilot who represented this team come second place overall in the event and attained the fastest race time of all pilots who utilised surface electrode FES. Steps can be taken to increase the race efficiency of the BerkelBikes and its FES capabilities even further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Berkelmans
- BerkelBike BV, Nieuwstraat 37, 5271 AC, Sint-Michielsgestel The Netherlands
| | - Billy Woods
- Active Linx, Allia Future Business Centre, Peterborough, PE2 8AN, UK
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Carraro U. From the Padua Muscle Days, the Basic and Applied Myology and the European Journal of Translational Myology to the A&CM Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology. Eur J Transl Myol 2017; 27:7085. [PMID: 29118960 PMCID: PMC5656804 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2017.7085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As a young researched I had the option to work on skeletal muscle at the University of Padova, Italy. Introduced to the study of muscle denervation/reinnervation, I started a project on long term denervated muscle that still is my primary interest and took me from rodents’ models of chronic muscle denervation to human spinal cord injury-related muscle denervation and its managements. On the way, I organized a series of conferences in Euganei Hills, Padua, Italy and an international journal, the Basic and Applied Myology. From 2010 this journal changed name to European Journal of Translational Myology, whose contents are focused on Myology, though they have important implications in aging, several neurological disorders and cancer cachexia. A relatively large community of Basic Biologists, Clinicians and Biomedical Technologists (usually meeting separately in very different specialty Conferences) recognized the need of a Meeting Series focused on Translational Myology. Thus the Padua Muscle Days (PMD) started more than 25 years ago. The next events of the PMD Series will be in Autumn 2017 an one-day Seminar on Easy Aging and a three-day event: The 2017 Fall Padua Experts’ Meeting. During the 2018Spring PMD, the Giovanni Salviati Memorial will be organized to honor a beloved friend and excellent scientist, who abruptly disappeared twenty years ago at the peak of his research activities. Many friends and still-active pupils accepted invitation and will provide the backbone of the Program of the 2018Spring PaduaMuscleDay to be held, March 14-16, 2018 in Euganei Hills and Padua (Italy). All these events will be sponsored by the Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology of the University of Padova and by the A&CM Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- A&CM Carraro Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy.
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27
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Abstract
The second 2017 issue of EJTM volume 27 contains the collection of abstracts from the 2017Spring PaduaMuscleDays conference, that was held March 23-25 in Montegrotto, Euganei Hills, Padova, Italy. In addition to a brief history of the Padova Myology Meetings held during the last 30 years, the present and the future of the PaduaMuscleDays conference are discussed with special reference to new media and the options they offer to spread to a larger audience the results of the many workshops held in the Hotel Augustus conference hall and in the Aula Guariento of the Accademia Galileiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, one of the hidden treasures of the medioeval Padua, Italy. Preliminary announcements of the 2017 and 2018 events, in particular of the Giovanni Salviati Memorial, will follow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Venezia, Italy
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