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Li Z, Liu X, Wang C, Li Z, Jiang B, Zhang R, Tong L, Qu Y, He S, Chen H, Mao Y, Li Q, Pook T, Wu Y, Zan Y, Zhang H, Li L, Wen K, Chen Y. The pig pangenome provides insights into the roles of coding structural variations in genetic diversity and adaptation. Genome Res 2023; 33:1833-1847. [PMID: 37914227 PMCID: PMC10691484 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277638.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Structural variations have emerged as an important driving force for genome evolution and phenotypic variation in various organisms, yet their contributions to genetic diversity and adaptation in domesticated animals remain largely unknown. Here we constructed a pangenome based on 250 sequenced individuals from 32 pig breeds in Eurasia and systematically characterized coding sequence presence/absence variations (PAVs) within pigs. We identified 308.3-Mb nonreference sequences and 3438 novel genes absent from the current reference genome. Gene PAV analysis showed that 16.8% of the genes in the pangene catalog undergo PAV. A number of newly identified dispensable genes showed close associations with adaptation. For instance, several novel swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) genes discovered in nonreference sequences potentially participate in immune responses to productive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. We delineated previously unidentified features of the pig mobilome that contained 490,480 transposable element insertion polymorphisms (TIPs) resulting from recent mobilization of 970 TE families, and investigated their population dynamics along with influences on population differentiation and gene expression. In addition, several candidate adaptive TE insertions were detected to be co-opted into genes responsible for responses to hypoxia, skeletal development, regulation of heart contraction, and neuronal cell development, likely contributing to local adaptation of Tibetan wild boars. These findings enhance our understanding on hidden layers of the genetic diversity in pigs and provide novel insights into the role of SVs in the evolutionary adaptation of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China;
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Youping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Haifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafei Mao
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Qingnan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Torsten Pook
- Animal Breeding and Genomics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen 6700 AH, The Netherlands
| | - Yu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Keying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006 Guangzhou, China;
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Lee YN, Yi HJ, Seo EH, Oh J, Lee S, Ferber S, Okano T, Shim IK, Kim SC. Improvement of the therapeutic capacity of insulin-producing cells trans-differentiated from human liver cells using engineered cell sheet. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:3. [PMID: 33407888 PMCID: PMC7786992 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pancreatic islet transplantation therapy is ideal for diabetes patients, several hurdles have prevented it from becoming a standard treatment, including donor shortage and low engraftment efficacy. In this study, we prepared insulin-producing cells trans-differentiated from adult human liver cells as a new islet source. Also, cell sheet formation could improve differentiation efficiency and graft survival. METHODS Liver cells were expanded in vitro and trans-differentiated to IPCs using adenovirus vectors carrying human genes for PDX1, NEUROD1, and MAFA. IPCs were seeded on temperature-responsive culture dishes to form cell sheets. Differentiation efficiency was confirmed by ß cell-specific gene expression, insulin production, and immunohistochemistry. IPC suspension was injected by portal vein (PV), and IPC sheet was transplanted on the liver surface of the diabetic nude mouse. The therapeutic effect of IPC sheet was evaluated by comparing blood glucose control, weight gain, histological evaluation, and hepatotoxicity with IPC injection group. Also, cell biodistribution was assessed by in vivo/ex vivo fluorescence image tagging. RESULTS Insulin gene expression and protein production were significantly increased on IPC sheets compared with those in IPCs cultured on conventional culture dishes. Transplanted IPC sheets displayed significantly higher engraftment efficiency and fewer transplanted cells in other organs than injected IPCs, and also lower liver toxicity, improved blood glucose levels, and weight gain. Immunohistochemical analyses of liver tissue revealed positive staining for PDX1 and insulin at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after IPC transplantation. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, cell sheet formation enhanced the differentiation function and maturation of IPCs in vitro. Additionally, parameters for clinical application such as distribution, therapeutic efficacy, and toxicity were favorable. The cell sheet technique may be used with IPCs derived from various cell sources in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Na Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Yi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Seo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyun Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarah Ferber
- Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Cell Sheet Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - In Kyong Shim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Song Cheol Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Generation of iPSC-derived insulin-producing cells from patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with healthy control. Stem Cell Res 2020; 48:101958. [PMID: 32882526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
For alternative sources of β cells, patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could be promising, as cells derived from the "self" allow autologous transplantation. However, only a few studies have investigated insulin-producing cells (IPCs) using iPSCs of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we generated IPCs using iPSCs derived from patients with T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and compared them with IPCs from a non-diabetic (ND) individual. To facilitate differentiation of human iPSCs into IPCs, we induced PDX-1 gene expression using Ad-PDX-1/VP16. IPCs derived from T1D- and T2D-specific iPSCs expressed islet-specific markers such as Pdx-1, MafA, Beta2/NeuroD, and insulin, similar to IPCs derived from ND-specific iPSCs. In addition, IPCs derived from T1D- and T2D-specific iPSCs showed comparable glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as IPCs derived from ND-specific iPSCs. These results suggest the potential for autologous transplantation using patient-specific iPSCs in patients with T1D and T2D. This study was clinically significant because the majority of people with diabetes have T2D and insulin secretion declines over time in T2D. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to generate and simultaneously compare IPCs from ND-, T1D-, and T2D-specific iPSCs.
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He Y, Xie X, Li X, Rong S, Li Y, Lu Z. Effect of FIGF overexpression on liver cells transforming to insulin-producing cells. J Biosci 2019; 44:149. [PMID: 31894130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Limitation in the number of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells is a typical feature of diabetes. It has been indicated that activating pancreatic transcription factors can promote the transformation of hepatocytes into insulin-secreting β-like cells, indicating that direct hepatocyte differentiation seems promising as a treatment for diabetes. Nevertheless, the reprogramming efficiency still remains low. Our previous study found that the expression of c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF) was increased in the pancreatic tissues in partial pancreatectomy mice compared to that in normal mice. Here, we observed that treatment with Ad-FIGF was found to enhance MafA and Ngn3-induced reprogramming of BNL CL.2 cells to β-like cells with the ability of secreting insulin. And FIGF overexpression increased the levels of histone H3/H4 acetylation at MafA and Ngn3 promoter regions in BNL CL.2 cells. Importantly, in vivo study further confirmed that forced expression of FIGF facilitated the insulin expression and decreased the blood glucose levels in STZ mice. These results strengthen the possibility of developing cell-based therapies for diabetes through utilizing β-like cells derived from non-insulin-secreting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin He
- Surgery Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
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Effect of FIGF overexpression on liver cells transforming to insulin-producing cells. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lee SH, Rhee M, Kim JW, Yoon KH. Generation of Insulin-Expressing Cells in Mouse Small Intestine by Pdx1, MafA, and BETA2/NeuroD. Diabetes Metab J 2017; 41:405-416. [PMID: 29086539 PMCID: PMC5663680 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.5.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop surrogate insulin-producing cells for diabetes therapy, adult stem cells have been identified in various tissues and studied for their conversion into β-cells. Pancreatic progenitor cells are derived from the endodermal epithelium and formed in a manner similar to gut progenitor cells. Here, we generated insulin-producing cells from the intestinal epithelial cells that induced many of the specific pancreatic transcription factors using adenoviral vectors carrying three genes: PMB (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 [Pdx1], V-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A [MafA], and BETA2/NeuroD). METHODS By direct injection into the intestine through the cranial mesenteric artery, adenoviruses (Ad) were successfully delivered to the entire intestine. After virus injection, we could confirm that the small intestine of the mouse was appropriately infected with the Ad-Pdx1 and triple Ad-PMB. RESULTS Four weeks after the injection, insulin mRNA was expressed in the small intestine, and the insulin gene expression was induced in Ad-Pdx1 and Ad-PMB compared to control Ad-green fluorescent protein. In addition, the conversion of intestinal cells into insulin-expressing cells was detected in parts of the crypts and villi located in the small intestine. CONCLUSION These data indicated that PMB facilitate the differentiation of mouse intestinal cells into insulin-expressing cells. In conclusion, the small intestine is an accessible and abundant source of surrogate insulin-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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Su X, Fang S, Zhang D, Zhang Q, He Y, Lu X, Liu S, Zhong L. Quantitative Raman spectral changes of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into islet-like cells by biochemical component analysis and multiple peak fitting. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:125002. [PMID: 26677068 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.12.125002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into islet-like cells, providing a possible solution for type I diabetes treatment. To search for the precise molecular mechanism of the directional differentiation of MSC-derived islet-like cells, biomolecular composition, and structural conformation information during MSC differentiation, is required. Because islet-like cells lack specific surface markers, the commonly employed immunostaining technique is not suitable for their identification, physical separation, and enrichment. Combining Raman spectroscopic data, a fitting accuracy-improved biochemical component analysis, and multiple peaks fitting approach, we identified the quantitative biochemical and intensity change of Raman peaks that show the differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells. Along with increases in protein and glycogen content, and decreases in deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid content, in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, it was found that a characteristic peak of insulin (665 cm-1) has twice the intensity in islet-like cells relative to MSCs, indicating differentiation of MSCs into islet-like cells was successful. Importantly, these Raman signatures provide useful information on the structural and pathological states during MSC differentiation and help to develop noninvasive and label-free Raman sorting methods for stem cells and their lineages.
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Ham DS, Shin J, Kim JW, Park HS, Cho JH, Yoon KH. Generation of functional insulin-producing cells from neonatal porcine liver-derived cells by PDX1/VP16, BETA2/NeuroD and MafA. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79076. [PMID: 24260156 PMCID: PMC3829837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surrogate β-cells derived from stem cells are needed to cure type 1 diabetes, and neonatal liver cells may be an attractive alternative to stem cells for the generation of β-cells. In this study, we attempted to generate insulin-producing cells from neonatal porcine liver-derived cells using adenoviruses carrying three genes: pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor1 (PDX1)/VP16, BETA2/NeuroD and v-maf musculo aponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), which are all known to play critical roles in pancreatic development. Isolated neonatal porcine liver-derived cells were sequentially transduced with triple adenoviruses and grown in induction medium containing a high concentration of glucose, epidermal growth factors, nicotinamide and a low concentration of serum following the induction of aggregation for further maturation. We noted that the cells displayed a number of molecular characteristics of pancreatic β-cells, including expressing several transcription factors necessary for β-cell development and function. In addition, these cells synthesized and physiologically secreted insulin. Transplanting these differentiated cells into streptozotocin-induced immunodeficient diabetic mice led to the reversal of hyperglycemia, and more than 18% of the cells in the grafts expressed insulin at 6 weeks after transplantation. These data suggested that neonatal porcine liver-derived cells can be differentiated into functional insulin-producing cells under the culture conditions presented in this report and indicated that neonatal porcine liver-derived cells (NPLCs) might be useful as a potential source of cells for β-cell replacement therapy in efforts to cure type I diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sik Ham
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juyoung Shin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heon-Seok Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyoung Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Ding L, Gysemans C, Mathieu C. β-Cell differentiation and regeneration in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15 Suppl 3:98-104. [PMID: 24003926 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic insulin-producing β-cells have traditionally been viewed as a quiescent cell population. However, several recent lines of evidence indicated that like most tissues the β-cell mass is dynamically regulated with ongoing β-cell regeneration throughout life to replenish lost or damaged β-cells. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), this fine-tuned balance between β-cell death and β-cell renewal in the endocrine pancreas is lost and the deficit in β-cell mass is largely caused by autoimmune-mediated apoptosis. Currently, the concept that a cure for T1D will require both re-establishment of immunological tolerance along with replacement or regeneration of a functional β-cell mass in T1D patients is generally accepted. In this study our current understanding of the events directing β-cell replication, β-cell reprogramming from different cell types and β-cell regeneration is reviewed, in view of the results of various immunomodulatory strategies aiming at blocking autoimmune responses against pancreatic β-cells and at improving β-cell mass and function in subjects with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ding
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N1, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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PPARγ activation attenuates glycated-serum induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction through enhancing Pdx1 and Mafa protein stability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56386. [PMID: 23424659 PMCID: PMC3570423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (Mafa) play important roles in sustaining the pancreatic beta-cell differentiation phenotype. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is also a regulator of cell differentiation. Our previous study revealed that glycated serum (GS) causes beta-cell dedifferentiation by down-regulating beta-cell specific genes, such as insulin and Pdx1. Here, we show that GS enhanced the cellular accumulation of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins, including Pdx1 and Mafa, in pancreatic beta-cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of proteolytic activity restored the protein levels of Pdx1 and Mafa, whereas inhibition of de novo protein synthesis accelerated their degradation. These findings suggest that both Pdx1 and Mafa are regulated at the post-transcriptional level. We further show that activation of PPARγ could restore GS-induced reduction of Pdx1 and Mafa protein levels, leading to improved insulin secretion and synthesis. Moreover, ectopic expression of Bcl-xl, a mitochondrial regulator, also restored Pdx1 and Mafa protein levels, linking mitochondrial function to Pdx1 and Mafa stability. Taken together, our results identify a key role of PPARγ in regulating pancreatic beta-cell function by improving the stability of Pdx1 and Mafa proteins.
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Sellers SL, Trane AE, Bernatchez PN. Caveolin as a potential drug target for cardiovascular protection. Front Physiol 2012; 3:280. [PMID: 22934034 PMCID: PMC3429054 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolae and caveolin are key players in a number of disease processes. Current research indicates that caveolins play a significant role in cardiovascular disease and dysfunction. The far-reaching roles of caveolins in disease and dysfunction make them particularly notable therapeutic targets. In particular, caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and caveolin-3 (Cav-3) have been identified as potential regulators of vascular dysfunction and heart disease and might even confer cardiac protection in certain settings. Such a central role in vascular health therefore makes manipulation of Cav-1/3 function or expression levels clear therapeutic targets in a variety of cardiovascular related disease states. Here, we highlight the role of Cav-1 and Cav-3 in cardiovascular health and explore the potential of Cav-1 and Cav-3 derived experimental therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Sellers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics and The James Hogg Research Centre, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC, Canada
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