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Chong PQY, Choudhury MM, Chung SR, Yap RTJ, Chia DSY, Jiang JKH, Chin AYH, McGrouther DA. A multivariate analysis on characteristics of hand and wrist tumours: a multiethnic study. Singapore Med J 2024:00077293-990000000-00137. [PMID: 39175263 DOI: 10.4103/singaporemedj.smj-2023-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hand tumours are frequently encountered in clinical practice. However, large-scale epidemiological data of soft tissue tumours in the hand are infrequently published. Epidemiological data provide diagnostic cues to guide the workup and management of hand tumours. Assessing significant independent demographic factors and tumour characteristics associated with hand tumours is essential in health care. METHODS A retrospective review of patients who underwent excision of hand tumours in Singapore General Hospital between 2004 and 2015 was conducted. The data collected included age, gender, ethnicity, histological diagnosis, malignancy and location of tumour. Generalised linear latent and mixed models (GLLAMM) analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 4476 tumours were identified from 4226 patients with a mean age of 51.3 (range 8-101) years and male to female ratio of 1 to 1.15. Most patients were Chinese (75%), followed by Malay (9%), Indian (8%) and others (8%). The most common hand tumours excised were ganglions (43%) (majority in the wrist), followed by giant cell tumours (9%) (commonly in the digits). Most soft tissue tumours were benign (97%), with only 3% of malignant cases. The GLLAMM analyses revealed further potential factors on the status of malignancy, tumour origin and tumour location. CONCLUSION Most soft tissue tumours in the hand and wrist are benign. This can guide workup and counselling of patients before the operation. While malignant tumours are uncommon, they have the potential for significant morbidity and mortality if not appropriately evaluated or treated. The application of GLLAMM analyses showed that age, ethnicity and gender were significant predictors of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Qin Yi Chong
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Muntasir Mannan Choudhury
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sze Ryn Chung
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Robert Tze Jin Yap
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Dawn Sinn Yi Chia
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jackson Kian Hong Jiang
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sengkang General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Andrew Yuan Hui Chin
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Duncan Angus McGrouther
- Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Musculoskeletal Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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Mitra D, Bhatnagar A, Mutreja D, Singh A, Sanoj PK, Kothari R. Basal cell carcinoma at an eccentric location: A rare case report. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2024; 45:71-73. [PMID: 38989074 PMCID: PMC11233041 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_84_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, which presents with local invasion, has low metastasizing potential and a cure rate of 100% after surgical excision. BCC commonly involves sun-exposed areas with approximately 80%-85% of BCC located on the head or neck, 15% on the trunk, and <2% in unusual areas such as the abdomen, genitals, perianal skin, lateral edge of the foot, axilla, superior or inferior lip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdeep Mitra
- Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anuj Bhatnagar
- Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepti Mutreja
- Department of Pathology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Pathology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P K Sanoj
- Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Kothari
- Department of Dermatology, Command Hospital Airforce, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Velusamy P, Muthusami S, Arumugam R. In vitro evaluation of p-coumaric acid and naringin combination in human epidermoid carcinoma cell line (A431). Med Oncol 2023; 41:4. [PMID: 38019336 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered most detrimental due to high mortality worldwide. Among them, skin cancers play a major part by affecting one in three cancer patients globally. About 2-3 million cancer cases were reported to be non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers, respectively. Although chemotherapeutic drugs act on cancer cells but results in long-lasting morbidities which affects one's quality of life and also works only in the initial stage of the cancer. Hence, an idea of traditional medicine to cure the disease efficiently with less side effects was pursued by the researchers. We have assessed the combination effect of p-coumaric acid and naringin in exerting anticancer activity using A431 (epidermoid carcinoma) cells. The MTT analysis of the combination on A431 cells showed the least IC50 concentration of 41 µg/ml which is effective than the standard drug imiquimod with IC50 concentration of 52 µg/ml. Further, flow cytometric analysis was carried out to identify the molecular mechanism behind the anticancer effects of the combination. The results revealed that the combination arrested the A431 cell cycle at S phase, induced apoptosis as indicated by more early and late apoptotic cells when compared with the control, and further altered reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential in A431 cells. Hence, the results suggest the potential anticancer effects of p-coumaric acid and naringin combination against the skin cancer (A431) cell line. The observed effects may be additive or synergistic effects in inducing ROS generation and apoptosis, and reducing the viability of A431 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Velusamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India
| | - Sridhar Muthusami
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Arumugam
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Deemed to be University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 32, India.
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Nautiyal R, Bhatnagar P. Deciphering the role of vitamin D on skin cancers and tumour microenvironment. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2023; 0:1-10. [PMID: 37609744 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_1236_2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a significant health burden being the fourth most common cancer globally and accounts for 6.2% of the total combined cancer cases. However, mortality rates due to skin cancer are less when compared with other cancers, but it is significantly high in the Asian population (43%). DNA mutations and environmental and genetic factors are linked with skin cancer prognosis; however, long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation remains one of the leading factors worldwide. Sun exposure is a major environmental risk factor for skin cancers but is also an essential source of vitamin D. On the other hand, studies exploring the relationship between skin cancer risk and vitamin D show mixed, somewhat conflicting results. This study investigates the role of vitamin D and skin carcinogenesis to clarify the associations. Moreover, in addition to suppressing cancer stem cells, it has been observed that vitamin D also regulates tumor initiation and metastasis. In conclusion, the incorporation of well-designed studies on the metabolism of vitamin D from a genotypic and phenotypic perspective is required to understand the intricate mechanisms linking the role of vitamin D in skin carcinogenesis. These new findings will open up new pathways in targeting the disease and lead to novel opportunities for its treatment and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Nautiyal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Priyanka Bhatnagar
- Disease Biology Segment, Quick IsCool, Aitele Research LLP, Bihar, India
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Ansari MK, Gupta P, Singh A, Ramesh V, Siraj F. Immunohistochemical Expression of Chemokine Receptor CXCR3 and its Ligand CXCL 11 in Basal Cell Carcinoma. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:232-236. [PMID: 37089859 PMCID: PMC10115318 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_227_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer worldwide. The pathogenesis of BCC involves interplay between various environmental and genetic factors. It is believed that chemokines play a significant role in the modulation of cancer growth by generating autocrine and paracrine signaling effects. The present study was conducted to elucidate the expression of chemokine, CXCL11, and its receptor CXCR3, and their interaction with tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma in various subtypes of BCC. Aim and Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of chemokine CXCL11 and its receptor CXCR3 in various subtypes of BCC. Materials and Methods The study included 40 cases of histopathologically confirmed BCC. Clinical and histopathological features of various tumor subtypes were noted. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against CXCL11 and CXCR3, and these were assigned scores 0, 1, and 2 on the basis of immunohistochemical expression. Results The median age of study participants was 65.0 ± 12.2 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. The most common site was face, followed by neck, scalp, and back. The tumor subtypes included in the study were nodular (n = 20), pigmented (n = 8), infiltrating (n = 5), superficial (n = 4), and adenoid (n = 3). On immunohistochemistry, CXCR3 expression was seen in 34 (85%) cases with stromal inflammatory cells immunopositivity in 29 (72.5%) cases and tumor cells immunopositivity in 5 (12.5%) cases. CXCL11 expression was seen in 36 (90%) cases with weak expression in stroma and tumor in 18 cases and strong expression in the rest 18 cases. In individual subtypes, higher immunopositivity for CXCR3 and CXCL11 in tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma was seen for nodular, infiltrating, and pigmented subtypes, compared to adenoid and superficial subtypes. Conclusion Our study shows the enhanced expression of chemokine CXCL11 and its receptor CXCR3 in tumor cells and peri-tumoral stroma of BCC. This expression is greater in tumor cells of aggressive subtypes, i.e. nodular, infiltrating, and pigmented types. This suggests that receptor ligand pathway involving CXCR3 and CXCL11 plays a key role in pathogenesis of BCC, and blocking this pathway may result in inhibition of tumor growth. Thus, these chemokines may serve as future potential targets in developing novel therapeutic regimens against BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya K. Ansari
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Avninder Singh
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Fouzia Siraj
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), New Delhi, India
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Labani S, Asthana S, Rathore K, Sardana K. Incidence of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers in Indian and the global regions. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:906-911. [PMID: 34528540 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_785_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Incidence of common types of skin cancers in India is not reported and its comparison with global load would be helpful statistics. Aim The aim of this study is to summarize and report recent skin cancer incidence in India and to compare it with the incidence globally. Materials and Methods Age-specific rates and age-adjusted rates (AARs) of the incidence of skin cancer for all ages (0-75 years) were collected from India and the world, respectively, from the National Cancer Registry Programme and GLOBOCAN 2018. Results The AAR per 100,000 of melanoma of the skin was highest in the North region of India for both males and females with 1.62 and with 1.21, respectively. The incidence of nonmelanoma of the skin or other skin cancers for males was highest in the East region with 6.2 and for females in Northeast with 3.49. Among nonmelanoma, northeast region showed the maximum incidence for both male (75.6) and female (43.6) sexes. Globally, AAR of melanoma of skin for males was highest in the Western Pacific region with 36.9 and for the females; AAR was highest in the European region with 31.7. The incidence of nonmelanoma of the skin or other skin cancers for males was highest in the Western pacific region with 225.4 and 68.6 for females. Conclusion Summary of the incidence rates of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers which shows that though there are regional variations of incidence in India is lower than that of in the West.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Labani
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smita Asthana
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kushal Rathore
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kabir Sardana
- Department of Dermatology, Dr. RML Hospital and PGIMER, New Delhi, India
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Mani S, Agarwal R, Sridhar J, Mehta R. Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Dermatosurgery Scar: A Case of Immunocompromised Cutaneous District. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:600-602. [PMID: 34430470 PMCID: PMC8354411 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_355_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Mani
- Department of Dermatology, INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Reetu Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology, INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jandhyala Sridhar
- Department of Dermatology, INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ritu Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Mahajan S, Kalaivani M, Sethuraman G, Khaitan BK, Verma KK, Gupta S. A retrospective comparative study of outcome with surgical excision and repair versus nonsurgical and ablative treatments for basal cell carcinoma. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2021; 87:348-356. [PMID: 33666033 DOI: 10.25259/ijdvl_170_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few studies on basal cell carcinoma (BCC) from India. Long-term follow-up is available in only one study and the aesthetic outcome of treatment has not been evaluated in Indian patients. AIMS In this retrospective study on BCC, we compared treatment failure, recurrence rates and aesthetic outcomes on long-term follow-up between surgical excision and repair, and nonsurgical and ablative treatments. METHODS Records of patients with BCC treated in the dermatologic surgery clinic over the past 10 years were analyzed. Patients with histopathologically confirmed BCC who could be contacted were evaluated for recurrence, treatment failure, overall satisfaction and aesthetic outcomes by global aesthetic improvement scale. RESULTS Out of 98 patients, 72 were contactable. Four patients received both nonsurgical and ablative treatments and surgical excision and repair sequentially and were excluded. The mean age of patients was 57.9 ± 15.8 years (24-90 years) and the male: female ratio was 1.6:1. The most common site involved was the face (72.1%) followed by trunk and scalp, and the most common type of BCC was the pigmented superficial type (33.8%), followed by the pigmented noduloulcerative type (16.2%). There was no significant difference between the groups in the number of high-risk cases. The mean follow-up period was 37.1 ± 31.4 (range, 4-120) months. Fifty one patients were treated with surgical excision and repair, and 17 with nonsurgical and ablative treatments (9-imiquimod, 5-cryotherapy, 4-radiotherapy). Treatment failure was seen in 5 (7.4%) patients, all in the nonsurgical and ablative treatments group (P = 0.0006). Recurrence was seen in 2 (2.9%) patients, both in the surgical excision and repair group (P > 0.05). Mean patient satisfaction was significantly higher with surgical excision and repair, though there was no significant difference in the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale between the groups. LIMITATIONS The sample size was low. Only telephonic and pictorial assessments were done where the patient could not come for follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Surgical excision and repair was associated with better outcomes than nonsurgical and ablative treatments. Treatment failures and adverse events were high with nonsurgical and ablative treatments. The recurrence rate was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soniya Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gomathy Sethuraman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Binod Kumar Khaitan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kaushal Kumar Verma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Nayak D, Thathapudi NC, Ashe S, Nayak B. Bioengineered ethosomes encapsulating AgNPs and Tasar silk sericin proteins for non melanoma skin carcinoma (NMSC) as an alternative therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120265. [PMID: 33486031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rising cases of Non melanoma skin carcinoma (NMSC) and escalating levels of ultraviolet radiations have underlined a profound correlation with the elevating levels of environmental detoriation and increasing health issues. However, the availability of therapeutics has not aided in controlling the recurrence rates of skin carcinoma. Frequent administration of therapeutics with higher chances of facial deformity escalates the patient's treatment expenses. Thus, this study initiates a low cost effective and biodegradable therapy by exploring four formulations with combinations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), sericin (isolated from cocoons of Antherea mylitta) and chitosan. Subsequently, various ethosomal formulations were evaluated as a platform for transdermal delivery vehicle for efficient skin intervention therapeutics. Characterization using UV visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering, Fourier Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray dispersion, Transmission electron microscopy, Fluorescence assisted cell sorting and in vitro studies were done and it was inferenced that equal combination of AgNPs and sericin facilitated to combat the morphological and cellular deformation of the epidermoid A431skin carcinoma cells. The overproduction of superoxide (O2.) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals consequently depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential triggering apoptosis and necrosis. The in vivo experiments exhibited the stimulation of IgM secretion with T cell-mediated immune response. Therefore, this study proposes a novel approach for treatment of NMSC using biocompatible formulations delivered through ethosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Nayak
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India.
| | - Neethi C Thathapudi
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sarbani Ashe
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Bismita Nayak
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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Goel P, Kaur S, Garg A, Batra J, Garg B, Sood N. A Clinicopathological Study of Skin Tumors from a Tertiary Care Centre in North India. Indian Dermatol Online J 2021; 12:66-71. [PMID: 33768024 PMCID: PMC7982036 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_257_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a huge spectrum of skin tumors which can be confused clinically with malignancies, particularly when they are pigmented or inflamed, and histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen is required to establish a definitive diagnosis and to facilitate appropriate intervention and follow up. AIM To evaluate all skin tumors and categorize them according to their origin. METHODS The present study was conducted over a period of 4 years (July 1, 2013 to June 31, 2017) comprising of 1.5 years prospective and 2.5 years retrospective analysis in the departments of Dermatology and Pathology, at a tertiary hospital in North India. All specimens of skin tumors were analyzed grossly and microscopically. Immunohistochemistry was done wherever possible. RESULTS A total of 232 skin tumors were seen; of which 123 cases were benign (53.0%) and 109 cases were malignant (47.0%). The mean age of patients with benign and malignant skin tumors was 40.3 ± 19.9 and 60.8 ± 14.8 years, respectively. The most common site was face (n = 106; 45.7%) followed by limbs (n = 44; 19.0%). The male:female ratio of benign and malignant tumors was 1.01:1 and 1.31:1, respectively. Among the benign tumors, keratinocytic tumors were the commonest (n = 57; 46.3%) followed by the melanocytic tumors (n = 37; 30.1%) and appendageal tumors (n = 29; 23.6%). The most common malignant skin tumors were the keratinocytic tumors (n = 87; 79.8%) followed by 12 cases (11%) of hematolymphoid tumors and five cases (4.6%) each of melanocytic and appendageal tumors. LIMITATIONS The lack of clinical and dermatoscopic correlation and inclusion of retrospective data are the limitations of this study. CONCLUSIONS Skin tumors affect people of all ages. The benign tumors are seen in the younger age group as compared to malignant tumors. Face is the most common site and keratinocytic tumors are the most common skin tumors in both benign and malignant categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palvi Goel
- Consultant Pathologist, Civil Hospital Fatehgarh Sahib, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhjot Kaur
- Associate Professor, Dermatology DMCH, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | | | - Bhawna Garg
- Intern Pathology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Sood
- Department of Pathology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Iqbal B, Ali J, Ganguli M, Mishra S, Baboota S. Silymarin-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier gel for the treatment of skin cancer. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:1077-1093. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was aimed at determining the antiproliferative, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity of developed silymarin-nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) gel. Materials & methods: B16 melanoma cell line and albino mice were used as ex vivo and in vivo models, respectively, to evaluate the aforementioned pharmacological activities. Results: The volume of large tumors significantly (p < 0.05) reduced from 5.02 to 3.05 mm3, levels of IL-1α and TNF-α were significantly (p < 0.001) lower and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) significantly (p < 0.0001) increased in the group treated with silymarin-NLC gel. Furthermore, in skin treated with placebo and conventional gels, a basosquamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were noticed, respectively. Conclusion: Silymarin-NLC gel presented better treatment outcomes compared with silymarin-conventional gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Iqbal
- Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Munia Ganguli
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Sarita Mishra
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, South Campus, Mathura Road, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
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Raina R, Mahajan V, Bodh T, Chander B, Chandel S, Mehta K. Basal cell carcinoma: A 6-year clinicopathological study from the Sub-Himalayan Region of North India. CHRISMED JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_144_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Sahoo S, Shrivastava V, Selvam TP, Bakshi AK, Kumar R, Rama P, Datta D, Chinnaesakki S, Saxena SK, Kumar Y, Dash A. Dosimetry of indigenously developed 177Lu patch source for surface brachytherapy-Experimental and Monte Carlo methods. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2019; 39:54-70. [PMID: 30523912 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/aaeeb6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the evaluation of dosimetry characteristics of an in-house developed 177Lu skin patch source for treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer. A 177Lu skin patch source based on Nafion-115 membrane backbone containing 3.46 ± 0.01 mCi of activity was used. Activity measurement of the patch source was based on gamma ray spectrometry using a HPGe detector. The efficiencies of the HPGe detector were fitted using an orthogonal polynomial function. The absorbed dose rate to water at 5 μm depth in water was determined using an extrapolation chamber, EBT3 Gafchromic film and compared with Monte Carlo methods. The correction factors such as Bragg-Gray stopping power ratio of water-to-air and chamber wall material being different from water, needed to be applied on measurements for establishing the dose rate at 5 μm depth, were calculated using the Monte Carlo method. Absorbed dose rate at 5 μm depth in water (surface dose rate) measured using an extrapolation chamber and EBT3 Gafchromic film were 9.9 ± 0.7 and 8.2 ± 0.1 Gy h-1 mCi-1 respectively for the source activity of 3.46 ± 0.01 mCi. The surface dose rate calculated using the Monte Carlo method was 8.7 ± 0.2 Gy h-1 mCi-1, which agrees reasonably well with measurement. The measured dose rate per mCi offers scope for ascertaining treatment time required to deliver the dose for propitious therapeutic outcome. Additionally, on-axis depth dose and lateral dose profiles at 5 μm and 1 mm depth in water phantom were also calculated using the Monte Carlo method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Sahoo
- Radiological Physics & Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, India. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai-400 094, India
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Dey V. Assessment of knowledge and attitude towards sun exposure and photoprotection measures among Indian patients attending dermatology clinic. INDIAN JOURNAL OF DRUGS IN DERMATOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijdd.ijdd_19_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Bishurul Hafi
- Department of Dermatology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - N A Uvais
- Department of Psychiatry, IQRAA International Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Beesetti S, Surabhi RP, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. Mechanics of PAK1-A new molecular player in the arena of skin cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:969-975. [PMID: 30076705 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite regular exposure of skin to solar UV-B irradiation, most individuals enjoy cancer-free existence, which is a testimony of the inherent capacity of human keratinocytes to either repair or restore cells damged by UV exposure. In this manuscript, we focus on delineating the mechanistic role of p21 activated kinase (Pak1) in UV-B provoked skin lesions. Molecular mechanistic studies revealed that Pak1 is triggered as a consequence to UV-B exposure via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) pathways, and both these membranous (EGFR) and nuclear (CPDs) events converge at Pak1 activation and contribute in a coordinated manner for yielding a complete response to UV-B via upregulating Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR). This is the first study that evaluates the mechanistic role of a signaling molecule, Pak1, in premalignant skin lesions caused by sun exposure and designate that expression and instigation of Pak1 could operate as an alarming indicator of succession towards aggressive form of skin cancer, if neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohan P Surabhi
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Chennai, India.,Department of Human Genetics, College of Biomedical Sciences, Technology & Research, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India
| | | | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, College of Biomedical Sciences, Technology & Research, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Chennai, India
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Hafi NAB, Uvais NA. Palliative dermatology – An area of care yet to be explored. PROGRESS IN PALLIATIVE CARE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09699260.2018.1492685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. A. Bishurul Hafi
- Department of Dermatology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, India
| | - N. A. Uvais
- Department of Psychiatry, Iqraa International Hospital and Research Centre, Kozhikode, India
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Kaliyadan F, Ashique KT, Jagadeesan S. A survey on the pattern of dermoscopy use among dermatologists in India. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2017; 84:120. [PMID: 29185439 DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_122_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Dermoscopy is being increasingly used for improving dermatological diagnosis. Use of dermoscopy in the early recognition of skin malignancies, especially melanoma, is well established. Of late, its use in general clinical dermatology is growing with the recognition of new and specific patterns in conditions such as hair disorders, inflammatory disorders, and infections/infestations. This cross-sectional survey aims to assess the common patterns of dermoscopy use by Indian dermatologists. METHODS This was across-sectional survey. An online questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire focused on the frequency of dermoscopy use by Indian dermatologists, reasons for using it or not, and the training they had received on dermoscopy. RESULTS Of the total 150 valid responses, eighty two (54.7%) participants reported that they were using dermoscopy routinely in their clinical practice. Lack of familiarity and lack of proper training were the important reasons cited for not using dermoscopy regularly. Among the dermatologists using dermoscopy, consensus on effectiveness was highest for hair disorders. CONCLUSIONS Dermoscopy use by dermatologists in India is mainly in the context of inflammatory dermatosis and hair disorders rather than skin tumors. Lack of familiarity with the technique appears to be main factor limiting the use of dermoscopy in India. LIMITATIONS Small sample size is the major limitation of this study. It is possible that a large number of dermatologists who do not use dermoscopy might not have responded to the survey, there by affecting the results and their interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feroze Kaliyadan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karalikkattil T Ashique
- Department of Dermatology, KIMS AL Shifa Super Speciality Hospital, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India
| | - Soumya Jagadeesan
- Department of Dermatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Rajput M, Kujur PK, Mishra A, Singh RP. Flavonoids inhibit chronically exposed arsenic-induced proliferation and malignant transformation of HaCaT cells. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2017; 34:91-101. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Rajput
- Cancer Biology Laboratory; School of Life Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi India
| | - Praveen Kumar Kujur
- Cancer Biology Laboratory; School of Life Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi India
| | - Abhijeet Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory; School of Life Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi India
| | - Rana P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Laboratory; School of Life Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; New Delhi India
- School of Life Sciences; Central University of Gujarat; Gandhinagar Gujarat India
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Grace Nirmala J, Evangeline Celsia S, Swaminathan A, Narendhirakannan RT, Chatterjee S. Cytotoxicity and apoptotic cell death induced by Vitis vinifera peel and seed extracts in A431 skin cancer cells. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:537-554. [PMID: 28983752 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera. L is one of the most widely consumed fruits in the world and are rich in antioxidant abundant polyphenols. The present study was carried out to assess the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of Vitis vinifera peel and seed extracts in an in vitro model using human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cell lines. Vitis vinifera peel and seed extracts were incubated with A431 cells to evaluate the antiproliferative, apoptotic effects and the morphological apoptotic changes induced by the extracts. Mitochondrial membrane potential was also measured after incubating the cells with extracts. At the inhibitory concentration (IC50), grape seed extract (111.11 µg/mL) and grape peel extract (319.14 µg/mL) were incubated for 24 h with A431 cells. Vitis vinifera peel and seed extracts were able to impart cytotoxic effects, induced apoptosis and apoptotic morphological changes in A431 cells significantly (p < 0.01) and this effect is associated with the interference with mitochondrial membrane potential. This reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential probably initiated the apoptotic cascade in the extracts treated cells. Vitis vinifera peel and seed phytochemicals can selectively target cancer cells and the phytochemicals that are occluded can serve as potential anticancer agents providing better efficacy in killing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grace Nirmala
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India
| | - S Evangeline Celsia
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India
| | - Akila Swaminathan
- AU-KBC Research Centre and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - R T Narendhirakannan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University (Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India.
| | - Suvro Chatterjee
- AU-KBC Research Centre and Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai, India
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Transcriptional regulation of ataxia–telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein by activated p21-activated kinase-1 protects keratinocytes in UV-B-induced premalignant skin lesions. Oncogene 2017; 36:6154-6163. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sreeram S, Lobo FD, Naik R, Khadilkar UN, Kini H, Kini UA. Morphological Spectrum of Basal Cell Carcinoma in Southern Karnataka. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:EC04-7. [PMID: 27504291 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17617.7959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer worldwide, which appears over sun-exposed skin as slow-growing, locally invasive lesion that rarely metastasizes. Many phenotypic presentations are possible. BCCs are more common in males and tend to occur in older people. Majority is found on the head and neck. Many histopathological subtypes have been defined including nodular, micronodular, cystic, superficial, pigmented, adenoid, infiltrating, sclerosing, keratotic, infundibulocystic, metatypical, basosquamous and fibroepitheliomatous. Mixed patterns are common. AIM The aim was to study morphological spectrum of BCC in a tertiary care hospital in southern Karnataka. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 100 cases of BCCs reported in the Department of Pathology over a 9-year period from 2006 to 2014. RESULTS The mean age of presentation was 62 years. There was slight female preponderance (56%). The most common location was face (65%) and the most common presentation was ulceration (45%). Of the 100 BCCs, 50% were nodular, 13% infiltrating, 6% basosquamous, 4% superficial, 3% keratotic, 3% multinodular and 1% mixed. CONCLUSION BCC, besides being the commonest cutaneous cancer, is also known for its numerous histological patterns which are shown to have prognostic implications. This study reveals the frequency of the various histological patterns of BCC in southern Karnataka, where it has been rarely studied before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswathy Sreeram
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Mangaluru, India
| | - Flora Dorothy Lobo
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Mangaluru, India
| | - Ramdas Naik
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Mangaluru, India
| | | | - Hema Kini
- Professor, Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Mangaluru, India
| | - Ullal Anand Kini
- Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , Mangaluru, India
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Lal ST, Banipal RPS, Bhatti DJ, Yadav HP. Changing Trends of Skin Cancer: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Malwa Region of Punjab. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:PC12-5. [PMID: 27504344 PMCID: PMC4963704 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18487.8051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skin cancer constitutes a small but significant proportion of patients with cancer. Although the presence of eumelanin in dark skin is protective against the development of skin cancer, it is increasingly being diagnosed in the Indian population. AIM To study the profile of skin cancer patients presenting to a tertiary hospital in Malwa area of Punjab, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study was done to analyse the profile of skin cancer patients who attended the institution over one year from 1(st) December 2013 to 30(th) November 2014. A comprehensive review of aetiology and related risk factors was done to correlate the environmental factors with high skin cancer prevalence in this region. RESULTS Skin cancer constituted (3.18%) 84 out of 2638 patients registered with cancer of all types. The age of the patients was 62±14.2 years and ranged from 27 to 92 yrs. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was the most common histological type(46/84, 54.76%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (31/84, 36.91%) and malignant melanoma (MM) (7/84, 8.33%). Male: female ratio was found to be 0.79:1. BCC showed higher female preponderance (p<0.05). Head and Neck was the commonest site involved (p<0.05). Majority (88%) of patients were from rural area. 92% of patients were directly into the profession of agriculture with history of prolonged exposure to sunlight. CONCLUSION Skin cancer constitutes a small but significant proportion of patients with cancers. This study highlights a paradoxically increasing trend of BCC and female preponderance. Head and neck is the most common site involved. Exposure to Ultra Violet B (UVB) radiation and higher levels of arsenic in drinking water has been reported to be associated with skin cancers. Limited studies show that levels of arsenic and pesticides were higher in the samples of drinking water in Malwa area of Punjab. Therefore a multipronged strategy to provide safe drinking water supply and discouraging the indiscriminate use of pesticides is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Tina Lal
- Assistant Professor, Department of Plastic Surgery, GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | | | - Deepak John Bhatti
- Professor and Head, Department of Plastic Surgery, GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Hanuman Prasad Yadav
- Professor and Head, Department of Radiotherapy, GGS Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India
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Saxena K, Manohar V, Bhakhar V, Bahl S. Adenoid basal cell carcinoma: a rare facet of basal cell carcinoma. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:10.1136/bcr-2015-214166. [PMID: 27095806 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-214166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common, locally invasive epithelial malignancy of skin and its appendages. Every year, close to 10 million people get diagnosed with BCC worldwide. While the histology of this lesion is mostly predictable, some of the rare histological variants such as cystic, adenoid, morpheaform, infundibulocystic, pigmented and miscellaneous variants (clear-cell, signet ring cell, granular, giant cell, adamantanoid, schwannoid) are even rarer, accounting for <10% of all BCC's. Adenoid BCC (ADBCC) is a very rare histopathological variant with reported incidence of only approximately 1.3%. The clinical appearance of this lesion can be a pigmented or non-pigmented nodule or ulcer without predilection for any particular site. We share a case report of ADBCC, a rare histological variant of BCC that showed interesting features not only histologically but also by clinically mimicking a benign lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikay Saxena
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vidya Manohar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Yenepoya Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vikas Bhakhar
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Sumit Bahl
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Goyal S, Gupta N, Chatterjee S. Investigating Therapeutic Potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. as Our Defense Mechanism against Several Human Diseases. J Toxicol 2016; 2016:1250387. [PMID: 26884758 PMCID: PMC4739449 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1250387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current lifestyle, stress, and pollution have dramatically enhanced the progression of several diseases in human. Globally, scientists are looking for therapeutic agents that can either cure or delay the onset of diseases. Medicinal plants from time immemorial have been used frequently in therapeutics. Of many such plants, fenugreek is one of the oldest herbs which have been identified as an important medicinal plant by the researchers around the world. It is potentially beneficial in a number of diseases such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and inflammation and probably in several kinds of cancers. It has industrial applications such as synthesis of steroidal hormones. Its medicinal properties and their role in clinical domain can be attributed to its chemical constituents. The 3 major chemical constituents which have been identified as responsible for principle health effects are galactomannan, 4-OH isoleucine, and steroidal saponin. Numerous experiments have been carried out in vivo and in vitro for beneficial effects of both the crude chemical and of its active constituent. Due to its role in health care, the functional food industry has referred to it as a potential nutraceutical. This paper is about various medicinal benefits of fenugreek and its potential application as therapeutic agent against several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, The IIS University, Gurukul Marg, SFS, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302020, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, The IIS University, Gurukul Marg, SFS, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302020, India
| | - Sreemoyee Chatterjee
- Department of Biotechnology, The IIS University, Gurukul Marg, SFS, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302020, India
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Nayak D, Pradhan S, Ashe S, Rauta PR, Nayak B. Biologically synthesised silver nanoparticles from three diverse family of plant extracts and their anticancer activity against epidermoid A431 carcinoma. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Krishnatreya M, Kataki AC, Sharma JD, Lahkar K. A retrospective analysis of occupational exposure to pesticides as a possible risk factor for non-melanoma skin cancers. South Asian J Cancer 2015; 4:47-8. [PMID: 25839025 PMCID: PMC4382789 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.149955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manigreeva Krishnatreya
- Department of Hospital Cancer Registry, Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Amal C Kataki
- Department of Hospital Cancer Registry, Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jagannath D Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kaberi Lahkar
- Department of Hospital Cancer Registry, Dr. Bhubaneswar Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Abstract
The incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) continues to rise, partly because of aging, the frequency of early childhood sunburns, and sporadic extreme recreational sun exposure. A nonsurgical approach to selected cutaneous malignancy could possibly reduce the cost as well as morbidity of surgical treatment for NMSC. There has been growing interest in isolating compounds that could suppress or reverse the biochemical changes necessary for cutaneous malignancies to progress by pharmacologic intervention. By targeting diverse pathways recognized as important in the pathogenesis of nonmelanoma skin cancers, a combination approach with multiple agents or addition of chemopreventative agents to topical sunscreens may offer the potential for novel and synergistic therapies in treating nonmelanoma skin cancer. This preliminary information will expand to include more therapeutic options for NMSC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasan R Bhandari
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Sattur, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Varadraj V Pai
- Department of Dermatology, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Sattur, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Aditya S, Rattan A. Vismodegib: A smoothened inhibitor for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma. Indian Dermatol Online J 2013; 4:365-8. [PMID: 24350028 PMCID: PMC3853913 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.120685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common skin cancer in humans, is rising. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment but there is no standard of care for locally advanced or metastatic disease. Hedgehog signaling proteins are critical for cell growth and differentiation during embryogenesis; Hh pathway is silenced in adults. Dysregulated or aberrant Hh signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of BCC. This hyperactive pathway can be inhibited by use of smoothened inhibitors such as vismodegib. Food and drug administration approved this oral, once-daily medication in 2012 to treat adults with metastatic BCC or locally advanced, recurrent BCC after surgery and also for patients with locally advanced BCC who are not candidates for surgery or radiation treatment. Clinical studies have shown it to be highly efficacious and the most common adverse effects include, muscle spasms, alopecia and dysgeusia. Use of targeted biologic modifiers, exemplified by Hh directed therapeutics offer a new hope to patients with high-surgical morbidity or inoperable tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Aditya
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aditya Rattan
- Department of cardiology, Heartline, SCO-58, Panchkula, Haryana, India
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Chatterjee K, Rasool F, Chaudhuri A, Chatterjee G, Sehgal VN, Singh N. Basal cell carcinoma, oculo-cutaneous albinism and actinic keratosis in a native Indian. Indian J Dermatol 2013; 58:377-9. [PMID: 24082183 PMCID: PMC3778778 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The report highlights the occurrence of basal cell carcinoma in a native Indian with oculo-cutaneous albinism, an association not frequently encountered. The clinical and histopathological features, which assisted to form the diagnosis, are outlined. A high degree of suspicion and timely recognition of the potentially aggressive neoplasm, under this unusual circumstance, is the key to its diagnosis.
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Abstract
The global incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer is rising. Significant morbidity leading to unacceptable cosmetic outcomes and/or functional impairment is a major concern. Search for non-surgical, non-invasive and tissue-sparing treatment modalities has led to development of new therapeutic agents. Actinic keratoses (AK) are one part of a continuous spectrum of benign sun damage to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although it is not possible to predict which AK might progress to SCC, the presence of AK is a biomarker of risk for patients and must be treated to avoid possible morbidity and mortality. Ingenol mebutate is a novel topical drug from the latex sap of a plant-Euphorbia peplus that acts by chemoablative and immunostimulatory properties. Clinical studies have proven it to be safe and efficacious, leading to FDA approval of this chemotherapeutic agent for field therapy of AK in 2012. Current topical agents for field therapy of AK must be applied for weeks, whereas ingenol needs to be applied for three days. Ingenol offers a new therapeutic option that is convenient, safe, effective, acceptable and well-tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Aditya
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, Sector 25, Chandigarh, India
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32
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Wu M, Lu X, Zhao L, Bu W, Yan W, Hao C, Fang F. A case of verrucous carcinoma on the finger. Indian J Dermatol 2013; 58:412. [PMID: 24082233 PMCID: PMC3778828 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.117370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 12 Jiang-Wang-Miao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 12 Jiang-Wang-Miao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
| | - Wang Yan
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 12 Jiang-Wang-Miao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
| | - Chen Hao
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 12 Jiang-Wang-Miao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 12 Jiang-Wang-Miao Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. E-mail:
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Thomas BP, Sasi K, Pallapati SC, Mathew A, Sreekanth R, Thomas M. Malignant tumours of the hand and wrist. Indian J Plast Surg 2011; 44:337-47. [PMID: 22022044 PMCID: PMC3193646 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.85355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumours are rare in the hand and wrist. The clinical presentation may be similar to that of a benign lesion and a high index of suspicion is necessary so that such lesions are not missed by the treating surgeon. Out of a total of 657 tumours/tumour-like lesions of the hand and wrist seen in a tertiary referral centre in a 10-year period, a total of 39 tumours were identified as malignant (5.9%) and of which majority had origin from the skin (53.8%). The management of these tumours is primarily surgical. Limb salvage surgery may be applied when appropriate, though eradication of disease should be the primary goal rather than preservation of function. A multimodal approach is necessary for appropriate management including chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binu P Thomas
- Dr Paul Brand Centre for Hand Surgery and Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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