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Betts C, Stoneley A, Picker T. Exploring paramedic personality profiles and the relationship with burnout and employment retention: A scoping review. Australas Emerg Care 2024:S2588-994X(24)00030-7. [PMID: 38777683 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paramedics play a pivotal role in delivering emergency medical care, contributing to excellence in the prehospital environment and ensuring a seamless continuum of healthcare. Achieving this objective is subject to various factors. This review aims to explore, the relationship between paramedic personality profiles and key factors including stress, burnout and employment retention or attrition. METHODS The JBI approach was used to perform a scoping review. Key words including paramedic* , ambulance* , personalit* , retention OR attrition and burnout OR stress were inserted into the search engines OVID, CINAHL Plus, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Psychology ProQuest, and Nursing ProQuest. Titles and abstracts of 226 results were screened and inclusion and exclusion criteria applied. Full texts of the remaining 18 results were screened to inform the results. RESULTS Three themes emerged relevant to the objective including the correlation of neuroticism with stress and burnout, personality types and mental illness with the ability to cope during stressful situations and finally resilience and burnout with the intention to quit. CONCLUSION Further research should be completed into specific personality characteristics, including neuroticism, perfectionism, and excitability to facilitate the development of strategies aimed at improving the health and wellbeing of paramedics and EMT workers internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Betts
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
| | - Alannah Stoneley
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
| | - Tara Picker
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
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Hsieh YW, Huang CLC. Stress and depression among male police officers in Taiwan: Severity, determinants, and coping strategies. Work 2024:WOR230452. [PMID: 38701122 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Police work, known for its high stress, exhibits elevated depression rates. OBJECTIVE This study explores stress and depression in male officers, examining personality traits, coping strategies, family, and social support. Aligned with the diathesis-stress hypothesis and job demands-resources model, it aims to illuminate these factors in policing. METHODS Two hundred and sixty-four male police officers from Yunlin, Taiwan were enrolled in this study. Structured measurements of stress level, depression symptoms, personality traits, family functioning, and social support were made. We used multiple regression analysis to assess predictors of stress level and depression and identified coping strategies used by the police officers. RESULTS Of the 264 male police officers, 36.4% had clinically significant depression. Occupational stress was mostly related to organizational factors. Multivariate regression analyses showed that age, personality traits, officer's rank, and period of education obtained could predict police officers' occupational stress. Personality traits, social support, occupational stress, and period of education obtained could predict depression. The most frequently used coping strategies were drinking and smoking. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study support the diathesis-stress hypothesis and the job demands-resources model. Enhancing male police officers' mental well-being requires addressing key factors like social support and occupational stress. Strategic measures, such as mental health education, destigmatization, counseling, and community-building, are vital. Policymakers should collaborate with mental health professionals for tailored interventions, fostering a healthier work environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Charles Lung-Cheng Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Greeshma J, Mini GK, Marthanda Pillai A, Irazola V. Cardiovascular disease risk factor prevalence among police officials: findings from a cross-sectional study in Kerala, India. J Occup Health 2024; 66:uiae025. [PMID: 38713917 PMCID: PMC11195579 DOI: 10.1093/joccuh/uiae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Police officials' stressful and physically demanding activities reportedly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study explored the prevalence of CVD risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and overweight among police officials in Kerala, India. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 255 police officials in selected police stations in the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala. The World Health Organization STEPs questionnaire for noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance was used to collect information. We collected STEP 1 (demographics, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet) and STEP 2 (weight, height, and blood pressure) data. Multivariable analysis was done to identify factors associated with hypertension. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 42 years (range: 30-55 years) and the majority were men (83.5%). Current use of tobacco or alcohol was reported by 22.7% of the participants. The prevalence of overweight was 64.7% and physical inactivity was 35.1%. Self-reported prevalence of diabetes was 7.5% and of hyperlipidemia was 11.4%. Hypertension prevalence was 40.4%. Among hypertensives, 35.9% were aware, 20.4% were treated, and 5.8% had controlled blood pressure. The control rate was 28.6% among treated hypertensives. When controlling for age, diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 3.57; 95% CI: 1.16-10.90), and overweight (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.06-3.35) participants were more likely to have hypertension compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Police officers have a high prevalence of significant CVD risk factors such as hypertension, physical inactivity, and being overweight. These findings reinforce the need for interventions addressing the above risk factors to prevent CVD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Greeshma
- Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - G K Mini
- Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental Colleges & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Centre for Environment and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - A Marthanda Pillai
- Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vilma Irazola
- Department of Research in Chronic Diseases, Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Anders R, Willemin-Petignat L, Rolli Salathé C, Samson AC, Putois B. Profiling Police Forces against Stress: Risk and Protective Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Burnout in Police Officers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9218. [PMID: 35954576 PMCID: PMC9368562 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Police officers are frequently exposed to highly stressful situations at work and have an increased risk to develop symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and burnout (BO). It is currently not well understood which officers are most at risk to develop these disorders. The aim of this study was to determine which coping strategies and personality traits could act as protective or risk factors in relation to PTSD and BO. The second aim, in the interest of designating preventive and therapeutical measures, was to determine whether certain profiles of police officers could be identified as high risk for developing mental disorders. Herein, 1073 French-speaking police officers in Switzerland reported in an online survey about their PTSD and BO symptoms, anxiety, depression, suicide ideation, coping strategies, occupational stress, and personality factors. The cluster analysis highlighted three principal profiles of police officers: those who are not at risk of developing pathologies because they are not exposed or insensitive to these stressors, and those who are, among which personality and coping strategies oriented the risk of developing PTSD or BO. These same protective and risk factors were also corroborated in the linear and logistic regression analyses. These results may suggest that a crucial opportunity for mitigating mental health issues in the force could consist of screening recruits for risk-related personality traits and orienting them towards psychological training programs for the development of functional coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Royce Anders
- EPSYLON Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, F34000 Montpellier, France
- EMC Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, University of Lyon 2, F69500 Bron, France
| | | | - Cornelia Rolli Salathé
- Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland; (C.R.S.); (A.C.S.); (B.P.)
- Occupational Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Andrea C. Samson
- Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland; (C.R.S.); (A.C.S.); (B.P.)
- Institute of Special Education, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Putois
- Faculty of Psychology, Unidistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland; (C.R.S.); (A.C.S.); (B.P.)
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM, CNRS, University of Lyon 1, F69675 Bron, France
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Yadav B, Kc A, Bhusal S, Pradhan PMS. Prevalence and factors associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress among traffic police officers in Kathmandu, Nepal: a cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061534. [PMID: 35672072 PMCID: PMC9174765 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress, associated factors and stress-coping strategies among traffic police officers in Kathmandu, Nepal. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. PARTICIPANTS A total of 300 traffic police officers working under the different traffic units of Kathmandu Valley for at least 6 months were recruited via a simple random sampling procedure. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES State of depression, anxiety and stress among traffic police officers based on the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Coping strategies under stressful conditions based on the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE) tool. RESULTS Altogether 124 (41.3%) traffic police officers had symptoms of depression, 141 (47%) had anxiety symptoms and 132 (44%) had symptoms of stress. Smoking was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing symptoms of depression (adjusted OR (AOR): 10.7, 95% CI: 4.8 to 23.6), anxiety (AOR: 7.1, 95% CI: 3.4 to 14.9) and stress (AOR: 6.8, 95% CI: 3.3 to 14.1). Similarly, longer working hours was significantly associated with higher odds of experiencing symptoms of depression (AOR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8 to 6.4), anxiety (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.3 to 3.9) and stress (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1 to 3.4), and lack of physical exercise was associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting depressive symptoms (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1 to 4.7). Participants in this study used positive coping strategies more than negative coping strategies. CONCLUSION Our study found a high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among traffic police officers in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Smoking and longer working hours were associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, and lack of physical exercise was associated with an increased likelihood of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Yadav
- Nepal Health Sector Support Programme (NHSSP 3), HERD International, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Anil Kc
- Abt Associates, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | | | - Pranil Man Singh Pradhan
- Department of Community Medicine, Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Nepalese Society of Community Medicine, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
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Galanis P, Fragkou D, Katsoulas TA. Risk factors for stress among police officers: A systematic literature review. Work 2021; 68:1255-1272. [PMID: 33867384 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is common among police personnel leading to several negative consequences. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic literature review to identify risk factors for stress among police officers. METHODS We searched PubMed and Scopus electronic databases through to July 2018 and we conducted this review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for studies quality assessment. RESULTS After selection, 29 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria and included in the review. The average quality of studies was low since no study was rated as having low risk of bias, three studies (10.3%) as moderate risk and 26 studies (89.7%) were rated as having high risk of bias. Stress risk factors were summarized in the following categories: demographic characteristics; job characteristics; lifestyle factors; negative coping strategies and negative personality traits. CONCLUSIONS Identification of stress risk factors is the first step to create and adopt the appropriate interventions to decrease stress among police personnel. The early identification of police officers at higher risk and the appropriate screening for mental health disorders is crucial to prevent disease and promote quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Fragkou
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros A Katsoulas
- Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Singh S, Gupta B, Mishra PC. Coping strategies and social support as moderators of occupational stress and mental health link among police personnel. Ind Psychiatry J 2021; 30:67-73. [PMID: 34483527 PMCID: PMC8395562 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_207_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occupation of police personnel is known to be enormously stressful. The occupational stress research shows that coping strategies and social support have a buffering effect on stress and a protective role on mental health. The present research study was set out to investigate the role of coping strategies and social support as moderating factors of the relationship between occupational stress and mental health in police personnel of Uttar Pradesh in terms of their ranking. METHODOLOGY The present cross-sectional study was conducted using standardized questionnaires. The sample comprised a total of 300 male police personnel. Hundred constables, 100 inspectors, and 100 officers were incidentally selected from six districts of Uttar: Lucknow, Varanasi, Meerut, Raebareli, Ghaziabad, and Noida. RESULTS Study results showed coping strategies and social support to have a moderating effect on the relationship between stress and mental health in inspectors and officers but failed to show such relationship in constables. CONCLUSION There is the implication for the training in terms of teaching-specific active and adaptive coping strategies for the management of workplace-related stress and promotion of health and well-being in the police personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bandna Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P C Mishra
- Department of Psychology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Allison P, Mnatsakanova A, McCanlies E, Fekedulegn D, Hartley TA, Andrew ME, Violanti JM. Police stress and depressive symptoms: role of coping and hardiness. POLICING (BRADFORD, ENGLAND) 2019; 43:247-261. [PMID: 32714068 PMCID: PMC7380884 DOI: 10.1108/pijpsm-04-2019-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE – Chronic exposure to occupational stress may lead to depressive symptoms in police officers. The association between police stress and depressive symptoms and the potential influences of coping and hardiness were evaluated. The paper aims to discuss this issue. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH – Stress level was assessed in the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study (2004-2009) with the Spielberger Police Stress Survey. The frequency and severity of events at work were used to calculate stress indices for the past year. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms during the past week. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association between the stress indices and depressive symptom scores. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking status and alcohol intake, and stratified by median values for coping (passive, active and support seeking) and hardiness (control, commitment and challenge) to assess effect modification. FINDINGS – Among the 388 officers (73.2 percent men), a significant positive association was observed between total stress and the CES-D score (β = 1.98 (SE = 0.36); p < 0.001). Lower CES-D scores were observed for officers who reported lower passive coping (β = 0.94 (SE = 0.45); p = 0.038) and higher active coping (β = 1.41 (SE = 0.44); p = 0.002), compared with their counterparts. Officers higher in hardiness had lower CES-D scores, particularly for commitment (β = 0.86 (SE = 0.35); p = 0.016) and control (β = 1.58 (SE = 0.34); p < 0.001). ORIGINALITY/VALUE – Results indicate that high active coping and hardiness modify the effect of work stress in law enforcement, acting to reduce depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Allison
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Anna Mnatsakanova
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Erin McCanlies
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Desta Fekedulegn
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Tara A Hartley
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Michael E Andrew
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - John M Violanti
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, State University of NY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Qureshi H, Lambert EG, Frank J. When Domains Spill Over: The Relationships of Work-Family Conflict With Indian Police Affective and Continuance Commitment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2019; 63:2501-2525. [PMID: 31043098 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19846347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Policing is a stressful occupation that may give rise to work-family conflict (WFC). WFC arises when the work domain encroaches into the family domain, or vice versa, causing officers to become less attached to their job and the police organization. Using survey data collected from a sample of police officers in India, we examined the relationship between four dimensions of WFC (time-based, strain-based, behavior-based, and family-based WFC) and two dimensions of organizational commitment (continuance and affective). Family-based WFC was found to reduce continuance commitment, while strain-based WFC reduced affective commitment. Time-based, strain-based, and behavior-based WFC increased continuance commitment. We examined the implications of these findings for police policy makers and administrators. In addition, we also discussed our findings in the context of cross-cultural comparisons.
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Soliemanifar O, Soleymanifar A, Afrisham R. Relationship between Personality and Biological Reactivity to Stress: A Review. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:1100-1114. [PMID: 30602103 PMCID: PMC6318487 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.10.14.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Personality traits can be the basis for individual differences in the biological response of stress. To date, many psychobiological studies have been conducted to clarify the relationship between personality and biological reactivity to stress. This review summarizes the most important findings in this area of research. Results Key findings related to the relationship between personality factors and stress-sensitive biological systems in four research models have been summarized; model of psychosocial characteristics, model based on Rumination and Emotional Inhibition, Eysenck's biopsychological model, and Five-Factor Approach of Personality. Conclusion According to the results of this review, it can be concluded that personality typology of individuals influenced their biological reactivity to stressful events. Understanding the biological basis of personality can help to better understand vulnerability to stress. Future research can be continuing based on framework of the four models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Soliemanifar
- General Department of Education in Khuzestan Province, Department of Education in the City of Khorramshahr, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Arman Soleymanifar
- Department of Biochemistry, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bhatia KM, Pandit N. Prevalence of Chronic Morbidity and Sociodemographic Profile of Police Personnel - A Study from Gujarat. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:LC06-LC09. [PMID: 29207741 PMCID: PMC5713763 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/27435.10586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The police personnel are special group of population that work for minimum 12 hours a day. They are at risk of various types of chronic morbidities. AIM To determine the sociodemographic, chronic morbidity and health profile of police personnel of Vadodara district. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a cross-sectional study conducted on the police force of Vadodara district, Gujarat, India. The present study was the outcome of health checkup camp for police personnel. Total 982 police personnel participated in the aforementioned study. Information regarding the sociodemographic profile, addiction to alcohol drinking, tobacco chewing or smoking, diagnosed chronic morbidities, BMI, blood sugar and history of exercise and yoga was collected. Data collected was entered into Microsoft Excel 2007 and analysed by using Epi-Info 7. Statistical methods used included frequencies and proportions for categorical data while range, mean and standard deviation were calculated for continuous data. For bivariate analysis, Chi-square test was used. RESULTS In the study population, 95.10% were males. The prevalence of chronic morbidity, hypertension and diabetes were 9.5%, 5% and 2.6% respectively. About 47.05% had normal BMI and mean BMI was 24. The study revealed that 7.64% police personnel had the habit of smoking, 3.16% consumed alcohol whereas 24.03% consumed tobacco products. It was found that 138 (14.05%) were active in sports and 304 (30.95%) were actively involved in exercise while 44 (4.48%) were involved in yoga. CONCLUSION The prevalence of hypertension (5%) and diabetes (2.6%) were low as compared to the general population (NFHS-4). This can be attributed to health consciousness prevalent among the population. A substantial number of study population were involved in sports, exercise and yoga.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishankumar Maheshkumar Bhatia
- Junior Resident, Department of Community Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Niraj Pandit
- Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Smt. B. K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Hansson J, Ghazinour M, Padyab M. The Swedish Police Service’s deportations of unaccompanied, asylum-seeking refugee children: The role of coping and general mental health. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2017.1355629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Hansson
- Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
- Basic Training Programme for Police Officers, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mehdi Ghazinour
- Basic Training Programme for Police Officers, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Social Work, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mojgan Padyab
- Basic Training Programme for Police Officers, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Social Work, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Parsekar SS, Singh MM, Bhumika TV. Occupation-related psychological distress among police constables of Udupi taluk, Karnataka: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2015; 19:80-3. [PMID: 26500409 PMCID: PMC4596075 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.165329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Police occupational stress is an extensive issue due to number of negative consequences on an individual as well as the police department which is often neglected. This study is the first of its kind in Udupi district. AIM The present study intended to find out the prevalence of psychological distress among police constable, assess stressors, and the factors influencing it. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted among police constables in police stations of Udupi taluk. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 76 constables participated in the study, who were taken up from seven randomly selected police stations. General health questionnaire and organizational and operational police stress questionnaire were used to assess psychological distress and stressors, respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and proportions for dichotomous variables and mean with a standard deviation for continuous variables. Chi-square test was performed to find the association between psychological distress and other variables. RESULTS One-fourth (95% confidence interval: 0.153, 0.347) of the participants reported as having high levels of psychological distress. Years of service and 28 stressful activities were significantly associated with psychological distress. CONCLUSION Psychological distress among the police constables is of concern; hence some modifications such as sharing work, fixed duty hours, etc., should be done in the police department in order to avoid stress and its adverse effects. Stress management training can be given at regular intervals to improve competitiveness and enhance coping skills.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T V Bhumika
- Department of Public Health, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Sukumar GM, Kupatira K, Gururaj G. Feasibility of integrating mental health and noncommunicable disease risk factor screening in periodical medical examination of employees in industries: An exploratory initiative. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2015; 19:19-24. [PMID: 26023267 PMCID: PMC4446933 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.157002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noncommunicable disease (NCDs), psychological, substance use disorders, and stress-related issues have been less understood in Indian industrial settings. Systems for screening and early identification of the above have not been integrated in workplaces, nor there is a strong regulatory backing for the same. AIM To explore the feasibility of integrating mental health and select NCD risk factor screening with the periodical medical examination of employees. To identify proportion of employees with select NCD risk factors and symptoms suggestive of mental health problems. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Around 10% of employees from a leading motor industry in Bangalore, (706) participated in this cross-sectional voluntary screening program. MATERIALS AND METHODS This screening was conducted as a part of their annual medical examination. A mixed method of self-report and interview administered technique was adopted for the same. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistical methods (proportions, median, mean, and standard deviation (SD)) and Chi-square test of significance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Screening revealed the following; tobacco use (18%), alcohol use (57%), perceived work stress (10%), and obesity (3%). Nearly 23% screened positive for psychological distress. Time consumed for this assessment was 1-5 min. Initial attempts point out that it is feasible to integrate screening for mental health, substance use, and NCD risk factors in periodic medical examination using a combination of self-report and interview-administered method, though further detailed assessments for confirmation is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautham Melur Sukumar
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kowshik Kupatira
- Department of Occupational Health, Toyota Kirloskar Motor Private Limited, Bidadi, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - G Gururaj
- Department of Epidemiology, Centre for Public Health, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Sharma V, Sood A, Prasad K, Loehrer L, Schroeder D, Brent B. Bibliotherapy to decrease stress and anxiety and increase resilience and mindfulness: A pilot trial. Explore (NY) 2014; 10:248-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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