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Nataraj G, Jagadeesan G, Manoharan AL, Muniyandi K, Sathyanarayanan S, Thangaraj P. Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. extract accelerates wound healing in Wistar albino rats in excision and incision models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116808. [PMID: 37343652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE An annual herb, Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. (Convolvulaceae) is widely used for its anti-inflammatory and anti-spasmodic properties in traditional medicine. As well as treating wounds, fever, skin disorders, and other ailments, it is also used for other purposes. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, RP-HPLC, wound healing, and antioxidant enzyme activity. In terms of I. pes-tigridis potential for healing wounds, there is no scientific data available. Hence this study is designed to use animal models to investigate the ethnopharmacological report. MATERIALS METHODS The crude extracts of stem and leaf were subjected to phytochemicals, TPC, TTC, TFC, and free radical scavenging assays (DPPH, ABTS, etc). Excision and incision models were used to assess wound healing using the screened extracts (IPLEA, IPLM, IPSEA, and IPSM). Various tissue parameters (hydroxyproline, hexosamine, hexuronic acid content), as well as antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, Catalase, GPX, LPO), were also examined. RESULTS The maximum amount of polyphenolic content was found in IPLM (TPC- 118.86 ± 5.94 mg GAE/g, TTC - 75.25 ± 2.64 mg TAE/g, and TFC-25.73 ± 0.99 mg GAE/g) with significant IC50 value of 1.65 ± 0.87 μg/mL among all the extracts. Coumaric acid was reported high (92.86 mg/g) in RP-HPLC analysis of crude extract in IPLEA. The in vivo excision wound healing model revealed that 1% IPLM had better healing property with the maximum wound healing area (0.098 ± 0.03 cm) and wound concentration (95.56 ± 1.95%) was reported with the significance level of ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05. In the incision model, IPLM represented maximum tensile strength (27500 gf). A significant functional effect of the granulation tissue parameters and enzyme antioxidants on the wound-healed area of dry tissue was also observed. Finally, the histopathological analysis showed enhanced re-epithelialization, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen synthesis in wound-treated animal tissue in both models. CONCLUSION According to the present study, antioxidant-rich I. pes-tigridis promotes healthy cell regeneration while reducing inflammation and oxidative stress for wound healing. Additionally, it also enhances circulation and promotes healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Nataraj
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gayathri Jagadeesan
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; BRAINS Research Group, Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science at Houston 6431 Fannin St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ashwini Lydia Manoharan
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasipandi Muniyandi
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organisation, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Rd 68, POB 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
| | | | - Parimelazhagan Thangaraj
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Saha I, Roy S, Das D, Das S, Karmakar P. Topical effect of polyherbal flowers extract on xanthan gum hydrogel patch-induced wound healing activity in human cell lines and male BALB/c mice. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:035016. [PMID: 37075777 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acce89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Wound or injury is a breakdown in the skin's protective function as well as damage to the normal tissues. Wound healing is a dynamic and complex phenomenon of replacing injured skin or body tissues. In ancient times theCalendula officinalisandHibiscus rosa-sinensisflowers were extensively used by the tribal communities as herbal medicine for various complications including wound healing. But loading and delivery of such herbal medicines are challenging because it maintains their molecular structure against temperature, moisture, and other ambient factors. This study has fabricated xanthan gum (XG) hydrogel through a facile process and encapsulatedC. officinalisandH. rosa-sinensisflower extract. The resulting hydrogel was characterized by different physical methods like x-ray diffractometer, UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, SEM, dynamic light scattering, electronkinetic potential in colloidal systems (ZETA) potential, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), etc. The polyherbal extract was phytochemically screened and observed that flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, anthraquinones, glycosides, amino acids, and a few percentages of reducing sugar were present in the polyherbal extract. Polyherbal extract encapsulated XG hydrogel (X@C-H) significantly enhanced the proliferation of fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines in comparison to the bare excipient treated cells as determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Also, the proliferation of these cells was confirmed by BrdU assay and enhanced expression of pAkt. In anin-vivostudy, wound healing activity of BALB/c mice was carried out and we observed that X@C-H hydrogel showed significant result compared to the other groups (untreated, X, X@C, X@H). Henceforth, we conclude that this synthesized biocompatible hydrogel could emerge as a promising carrier of more than one herbal excipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Saha
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Shubham Roy
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Deepak Das
- GLA University, 17 km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | - Sukhen Das
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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Emerging Approach for the Application of Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract Ointment in the Superficial Burn Care. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing comprises organized events involving tissue repair and regeneration. The discovery of toll-like receptors (TLRs) sheds recent light on the mechanisms involved in initiating inflammatory responses throughout the healing cascades. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) components may exhibit a wound healing action, owing to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was designed to investigate the early effects of HS loaded in an ointment base on wound healing, antioxidant, antimicrobial effects, burning intensity, and histopathological features on the rat burn model in comparison to the standard treatment, Iruxol® ointment. A burn injury model was used to evaluate the wound healing potency of the preparation. Rats were treated with ointments three times on the day of the induction of the burn. Findings revealed that the strong antioxidant properties of the HS-loaded ointment augmented the skin healing potential by stimulating biomarkers required for skin regeneration. HS repressed the burning-induced inflammation by the effective reduction in the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-6 through TLR4 protein inhibition. Topical HS downregulates transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) levels. HS extract possesses a potential bactericidal activity against highly resistant clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Overall, this study proclaims that HS-loaded topical preparations could be a valuable product that serves as adjuvants to accelerate burn wound healing through inactivating the TLR4 pathway.
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Amthaghri S, Amssayef A, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Antihypertensive and Vasorelaxant Effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis through Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE-2), and Ca2+ channels Pathways. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:CHDDT-EPUB-122011. [PMID: 35352670 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x22666220329190331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to assess the antihypertensive activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. BACKGROUND Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is used traditionally to treat hypertension. OBJECTIVE The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers (AEHRS) on resting blood pressure in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the present study, AEHRS was prepared and its antihypertensive activity was evaluated using in vivo and in vitro studies. In the in vivo study, hypertensive and normotensive rats were treated by AEHRS (100 mg/kg) orally for 6 hours in the acute treatment and for 7 days in the subchronic treatment. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure values and heart rate were then recorded using a tail cuff and a computer-assisted monitoring device. To assess the vasorelaxant activity of AEHRS, isolated thoracic aortic rings were suspended in a tissue bath and changes in tension were recorded using a data acquisition system. Potential pathways involved in the vasorelaxant activity were evaluated using several standard pharmacological agents. RESULTS The results indicated that repeated oral administration of AEHRS during 7 days lowered systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure in hypertensive rats without affecting normotensive rats. Furthermore, the data revealed that AEHRS exerts vasorelaxant properties via an endothelium-independent pathway. More interestingly, the study demonstrates that the vasorelaxant capacity of AEHRS seems to be exerted through the stimulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) and the inhibition of Ca2+ channels pathway. CONCLUSION The present study revealed that aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has a significant antihypertensive activity and that its vasorelaxant effect may be mediated through stimulation of ACE-2, and inhibition of the Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amthaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509 Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Ayoub Amssayef
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509 Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Team EMDD, Center of CERNE2D, Ecole Supérieure de Technologie, Boulevard Mohamed VI Salé, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco. BP 509 Errachidia, Morocco
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Getahun A, Kifle ZD, Ambikar D, Atnafie SA. In vivo evaluation of 80% methanolic leaves crude extract and solvent fractions of buddleja polystachya fresen (buddlejaceae) for wound healing activity in normal and diabetic mice. Metabol Open 2021; 11:100110. [PMID: 34355159 PMCID: PMC8319790 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In diabetes mellitus, the wound healing process is impaired and delayed. Plants are actively investigated for safe, effective, and well-tolerated treatment options for wound. The plant Buddleja polystachya has a traditional claim for the treatment of wound. Fresh leaves are crushed and given for topical application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the wound healing activity of hydro-alcoholic extract and solvent fractions of leaves of B. polystachya fresen (Buddlejaceae) in normal and diabetic mice. METHOD B. polystachya leaves were extracted using 80% methanol and further fractionated using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water. The wound healing activity was tested using excision, incision, and diabetic wound models. Area of wound contraction, time of epithelialization, and wound breaking strength were determined. RESULT Treatment with 5% w/w (P < 0 0.05) and 10% w/w (P < 0.001) crude extract of B. polystachya significantly lowered wound area as compared to simple ointment. Treatment of excision wound with 5% w/w and 10% w/w of chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of B. polystachya significantly lowered wound area and epithelization period (P < 0.05). The 10% w/w extract of B. polystachya showed a significant area of diabetic wound contraction compared to 5% w/w extract and simple ointment. The 10% w/w and 5% w/w extracts of B. polystachya significantly increased wound breaking strength compared to untreated and simple ointment groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The crude and the solvent fractions of B. Polystachya leaves possess wound healing activities as evidenced by an increase in tensile strength and wound contraction rate and decrease in the epithelialization period. This finding supports the traditional claims of B. polystachya for the healing of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiey Getahun
- Gondar University Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Digambar Ambikar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Seyfe Asrade Atnafie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Yazarlu O, Iranshahi M, Kashani HRK, Reshadat S, Habtemariam S, Iranshahy M, Hasanpour M. Perspective on the application of medicinal plants and natural products in wound healing: A mechanistic review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105841. [PMID: 34419563 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wound is defined as any injury to the body such as damage to the epidermis of the skin and disturbance to its normal anatomy and function. Since ancient times, the importance of wound healing has been recognized, and many efforts have been made to develop novel wound dressings made of the best material for rapid and effective wound healing. Medicinal plants play a great role in the wound healing process. In recent decades, many studies have focused on the development of novel wound dressings that incorporate medicinal plant extracts or their purified active compounds, which are potential alternatives to conventional wound dressings. Several studies have also investigated the mechanism of action of various herbal medicines in wound healing process. This paper attempts to highlight and review the mechanistic perspective of wound healing mediated by plant-based natural products. The findings showed that herbal medicines act through multiple mechanisms and are involved in various stages of wound healing. Some herbal medicines increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) which play important role in stimulation of re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, formation of granulation tissue, and collagen fiber deposition. Some other wound dressing containing herbal medicines act as inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression thereby inducing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various phases of the wound healing process. Besides the growing public interest in traditional and alternative medicine, the use of herbal medicine and natural products for wound healing has many advantages over conventional medicines, including greater effectiveness due to diverse mechanisms of action, antibacterial activity, and safety in long-term wound dressing usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Yazarlu
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Sara Reshadat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories and Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Milad Iranshahy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lambebo MK, Kifle ZD, Gurji TB, Yesuf JS. Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Methanolic Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Leaves of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern (Asteraceae) in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:677-692. [PMID: 34326671 PMCID: PMC8315810 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s308303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants play an important role in treating various diseases. Vernonia auriculifera Hiern is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for the management of wounds. However, there were no scientific reports documented so far on the wound healing activities to substantiate the claim. Thus, the present study provides a scientific evaluation for the wound healing potential of the crude extract as well as solvent fractions of the leaves of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern. Methods Extraction was carried out by maceration using 80% methanol and part of the crude extract fractionated with chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous solvents. Simple ointment bases were prepared using hard paraffin, cetostearyl alcohol, white soft paraffin and wool fat according to British Pharmacopoeia. Then, two types of ointment formulations were prepared from the extract, ie, 5% w/w and 10% w/w. Mice and rats were employed for wound healing study and dermal toxicity test, respectively. Wound healing effects were evaluated by percent of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, tensile strength, and histological analysis as parameters in excision, incision, and burn wound models. Finally, the data were expressed as mean ± SEM, and the results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey-test. Results In the excision wound model, the 10% w/w crude extract ointment showed significant wound contraction (P < 0.001) from day 4 to day 18 as compared to the negative control. Both the 5% w/w (P < 0.001) and 10% w/w (P < 0.05) crude extract ointments have showed statistically significant difference in epithelialization period as compared to the negative control. Groups treated with the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions ointments in incision wound model showed a statistically significant (P < 0.001) increase in tensile. The 10% w/w and 5% w/w ointments of the crude extract showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in breaking strength compared to simple ointment and the untreated control groups. In burn wound model, significant reduction in epithelialization period was observed in 5% w/w (P < 0.05) and 10% w/w (P < 0.001), and the percentage of wound contraction was significantly increased in most of post wounding days by 10% w/w (P < 0.001) and 5% w/w (P < 0.05) crude extract ointments and compared to the negative control. Conclusion The crude, aqueous, and ethyl acetate fraction of Vernonia auriculifera leaves possess wound healing activities. This finding justifies the use of the leaves of this plant for wound healing as claimed in the traditional medicine literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulatu Kotiso Lambebo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Zemene Demelash Kifle
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Tiruzer Bekele Gurji
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Jibril Seid Yesuf
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Therapeutic Promises of Medicinal Plants in Bangladesh and Their Bioactive Compounds against Ulcers and Inflammatory Diseases. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071348. [PMID: 34371551 PMCID: PMC8309353 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
When functioning properly, the stomach is the center of both physical and mental satisfaction. Gastrointestinal disorders, or malfunctioning of the stomach, due to infections caused by various biological entities and physiochemical abnormalities, are now widespread, with most of the diseases being inflammatory, which, depending on the position and degree of inflammation, have different names such as peptic or gastric ulcers, irritable bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis, and so on. While many synthetic drugs, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are now extensively used to treat these diseases, their harmful and long-term side effects cannot be ignored. To treat these diseases safely and successfully, different potent medicinal plants and their active components are considered game-changers. In consideration of this, the present review aimed to reveal a general and comprehensive updated overview of the anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of medicinal plants. To emphasize the efficacy of the medicinal plants, various bioactive compounds from the plant extract, their experimental animal models, and clinical trials are depicted.
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Tejaswini T, Keerthana M, Vidyavathi M, Kumar RVS. Design and evaluation of atorvastatin-loaded chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite bioscaffolds for wound-healing activity. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The study aimed at the formulation of atorvastatin-loaded chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite bioscaffolds and determination of its wound-healing activity on animals. Hydroxyapatite was prepared from the biowaste eggshell cross-linked with calcium chloride and loaded with atorvastatin. The prepared bioscaffold was characterized for physicomechanical properties, morphological studies, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro drug release study. In vitro antibacterial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method, and in vivo wound-healing activity was evaluated using the excision wound-healing model.
Results
Results exhibited that bioscaffold containing 1:1 ratio of chitosan to hydroxyapatite (Hac1) with calcium chloride of 1.5 g (Hbc3) and loaded with atorvastatin (Hcc3) showed effective physicomechanical properties, i.e., thickness (60 μm), swelling behavior (68%), folding endurance (101), tensile strength (0.0283 Mpa), and burst time (1.9 s). Hcc3 scaffold was highly effective and exhibited the highest zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis (3.2 cm), Staphylococcus aureus (3.0 cm), Escherichia coli (3.5 cm), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.7 cm). The group treated with Hcc3 scaffold was significant in healing wounds by showing 100% wound contraction.
Conclusion
It can be concluded from the study that atorvastatin-loaded chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite bioscaffolds may be a significantly more effective scaffold in healing excision wounds.
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Calero-Armijos LL, Herrera-Calderon O, Arroyo-Acevedo JL, Rojas-Armas JP, Hañari-Quispe RD, Figueroa-Salvador L. Histopathological evaluation of latex of Bellaco-Caspi, Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson on wound healing effect in BALB/C mice. Vet World 2020; 13:1045-1049. [PMID: 32801553 PMCID: PMC7396333 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1045-1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant known as “Bellaco-Caspi” widely distributed in Loreto, Peru. In the Peruvian traditional medicine, the latex of the plant is used for the treatment of wounds, inflammation, ulcers, and other ailments. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing effect of the latex of H. sucuuba in BALB/C albino mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty BALB/C male mice were used for wound healing study. In the experimental procedures, wound skin incision was performed at 2.0 cm in length until subcutaneous on the paravertebral of each animal. Under locally anesthetized with procaine cream, the treatment was conducted. All the mice were divided into three groups, the control group (A), zinc oxide cream (B), and H. sucuuba latex (C). The entire surface of the wound was treated for all the groups, and the treatments were performed daily for 15 days. The experiments were stopped on days 1, 7, and 15, respectively. Results: The histopathological study of tissues revealed significant changes in wound healing effect in H. sucuuba latex compared to the control and B groups. Consequently, the mice treated with latex showed a significant reduction in epithelialization time and collagen formation. Furthermore, the latex showed a dose-dependent significant reduction of inflammation in the first 24 h of treatment. Conclusion: BALB/C mice treated with the latex of H. sucuuba possess a wound healing effect that can scientifically prove the traditional use of the plant as a wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Herrera-Calderon
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty de Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo
- Department of Dynamic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas
- Department of Dynamic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru
| | - Renán Dilton Hañari-Quispe
- Laboratory of Pathology Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno 21001, Peru
| | - Linder Figueroa-Salvador
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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Topical administration of pullulan gel accelerates skin tissue regeneration by enhancing collagen synthesis and wound contraction in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:395-403. [PMID: 31978478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have studied the efficacy of pullulan gel on wound healing by performing biochemical, biophysical and histological investigations. A 2 cm2 open excision wound was made on the dorsum of the rats and topically treated with 500 μL of pullulan gel. The control group was left untreated. The povidone-iodine (PI) ointment treated animals were considered as positive control. The granulation tissues formed were collected at different time point intervals and used for various biochemical, biophysical and histological analyses. Biochemical analyses revealed that pullulan gel significantly (p < 0.001) improved the collagen, hexosamine, protein and DNA content. Biophysical analyses resulted in an increased rate of wound contraction (p < 0.001). The period of epithelialization was shorter (p < 0.001) in pullulan gel treated group (11 days) than control (22 days) and PI group (17 days). Histological evaluation on days 4, 8 and 11 substantiated that pullulan gel treatment improved the wound re-epithelialization, dermal regeneration, blood vessels formation and collagen synthesis than in control and PI groups. Interrupted SDS-PAGE of collagen showed an increase in Type III collagen band evident for the healing potential of pullulan gel. Thus, our results strongly prove that pullulan gel could be a potential wound healing agent.
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Faisal M, Alatar AA, Abdel-Salam EM, Qahtan AA. Effects of 4-CPPU on in vitro multiplication and sustainable generation of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. 'White Butterfly'. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:412-416. [PMID: 31889865 PMCID: PMC6933257 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There are more than nine thousand cultivars of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., with a series of flowers with shapes, colors and new cultivars continues as generated through both traditional and modern breeding techniques. In this study, advanced biotech methods of in vitro culture have been used to identify a technique for the efficient mass multiplication of H. rosa-sinensis ‘White Butterfly’, using phenyl urea, N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (4-CPPU). For the first time, the effects of 4-CPPU for stimulating axillary shoot proliferation and multiple shoot regenerations from nodal explants were evaluated, and the optimal nutrient media deduced. From the diverse concentrations as 0.1, 0.5, 2.5, 5.0 & 10.0 µM of 4-CPPU, the highest frequency of shoots was recorded at 2.5 µM supplied in Murashige and Skoog (MS, pH-5.8) medium. After eight-weeks of culture, on an average of 6.7 shoot were obtained on this media with shoot heights of 4.2 cm from each explant. With the involvement of 0.5 µM-IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) in MS medium the regenerated shoots were rooted and followed by successful acclimation to ex vitro conditions. The ploidy consistency among the micro-plants was analyzed using flow cytometry and compared with ex vitro grown plants. No differences in the ploidy levels were observed among the 4-CPPU induced plants, when compared with the donor plants.
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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Son YJ, Tse JW, Zhou Y, Mao W, Yim EKF, Yoo HS. Biomaterials and controlled release strategy for epithelial wound healing. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4444-4471. [PMID: 31436261 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00456d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The skin and cornea are tissues that provide protective functions. Trauma and other environmental threats often cause injuries, infections and damage to these tissues, where the degree of injury is directly correlated to the recovery time. For example, a superficial skin or corneal wound may recover within days; however, more severe injuries can last up to several months and may leave scarring. Thus, therapeutic strategies have been introduced to enhance the wound healing efficiency and quality. Although the skin and cornea share similar anatomic structures and wound healing process, therapeutic agents and formulations for skin and cornea wound healing differ in accordance with the tissue and wound type. In this review, we describe the anatomy and epithelial wound healing processes of the skin and cornea, and summarize the therapeutic molecules that are beneficial to the respective regeneration process. In addition, biomaterial scaffolds that inherently possess bioactive properties or modified with therapeutic molecules for topical controlled release and enhanced wound healing efficiency are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ju Son
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - John W Tse
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Yiran Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | - Hyuk Sang Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Materials Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea. and Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
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Bolla SR, Mohammed Al-Subaie A, Yousuf Al-Jindan R, Papayya Balakrishna J, Kanchi Ravi P, Veeraraghavan VP, Arumugam Pillai A, Gollapalli SSR, Palpath Joseph J, Surapaneni KM. In vitro wound healing potency of methanolic leaf extract of Aristolochia saccata is possibly mediated by its stimulatory effect on collagen-1 expression. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01648. [PMID: 31193473 PMCID: PMC6529694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Identification and assessment of therapeutic potential of natural products derived from medicinal plants have led to the discovery of innovative and economical drugs to treat several diseases, including chronic wounds. In vitro cell based scratch assay is an appropriate and inexpensive method for initial understanding of wound healing potential of medicinal plant extracts. The current study was aimed at investigating the wound healing capacity of Aristolochia saccata leaf extract by using scratch assay as a primary model, where proliferative and migratory capabilities of test compounds could be monitored through microscopy studies. A. saccata is an evergreen climbing shrub belongs to the family Aristolochiaceae. Methods Methanolic extraction of the plant material was done using Soxhlet apparatus and the cytotoxicity of the extract on L929 cells was studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. L929 is a human fibroblast cell line. In vitro scratch assay was performed to evaluate the wound healing properties of A. saccata leaf extract and possible mechanism of action was analyzed by flow cytometric expression studies of an extracellular matrix (ECM) factor, collagen type-1. Results MTT assay revealed that A. saccata leaf extract had no cytotoxic effect on the cells and at higher concentrations, the extract showed mild toxicity resulting in the death of just 2.88% cells. Scratch assay showed 34.05%, 70.00%, 93.52% wound closure at 12hrs, 24hrs and 48hrs of incubation respectively. These results were similar compared to positive control which showed 37.60, 56.41 and 99.05% of wound closure. Further, flow cytometry-based studies revealed that the A. saccata leaf extract induced the expression of ECM remodelling factor collagen-1. Conclusion Our study revealed the wound healing capabilities of A. saccata In vitro. Hence, A. saccata could be recommended as a potential source of wound healing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Rao Bolla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Mohammed Al-Subaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2435, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Yousuf Al-Jindan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore 560058, Karnataka, India
| | - Padma Kanchi Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visva Vidyalayam University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, 162, P. H. Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aruthra Arumugam Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore 560058, Karnataka, India
| | - Shiva Shankar Reddy Gollapalli
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore 560058, Karnataka, India
| | - Joel Palpath Joseph
- Department of Biotechnology, Stellixir Biotech Private Ltd, Peenya 2nd Stage Industrial Area, Bangalore 560058, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Surapaneni
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Applied Medical Sciences - Jubail (CAMSJ), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 4030, Al Ansar Rd, Deffi, Jubail Industrial City, Al Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
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Lingesh A, Paul D, Naidu V, Satheeshkumar N. AMPK activating and anti adipogenic potential of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower in 3T3-L1 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 233:123-130. [PMID: 30593890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The flowers of Hibiscus rosa sinensis has array of pharmacological actions. They are used in preparation of herbal decoction and teas, which have been used traditionally to reduce body weight and for its effect on metabolic syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti adipogenic efficacy of major fraction from ethyl acetate extract of the Hibiscus rosa sinensis flower at 25 and 50 µg/mL (HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL) in 3T3-L1 cells and delineate its possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated in the presence and absence of HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL, their lipid accumulation was measured qualitatively by Oil red O staining and quantitatively by triglyceride estimation. Effect on adipolysis was determined, adipogenic and its regulatory gene and protein expression were studied and effect of HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL on AMPK was confirmed in the presence of dorsomorphin. RESULTS Treatment with HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and was found to alleviate triglyceride accumulation significantly (p < 0.001) by 1.6 and 2.3 times respectively in pre adipocytes during differentiation. HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL also nonsignificantly reduced lipolysis which releases free fatty acids, a major contributing factor for insulin resistance. Activation of AMPK by phosphorylation has led to reduced gene and protein expression of adipogenic factors Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), CCAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), Sterol regulatory element- binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and their targets Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), Fatty acid synthase (FAS), Perilipin and enhanced Adiponectin expression. Treatment with HRF 25 and 50 µg/mL also resulted in inactivation of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) by enhancing ACC phosphorylation, which reduced the levels of malonyl-CoA an allosteric inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). Enhanced CPT1 levels causes induction of fatty acid β- oxidation. Effects of HRF were nullified in the presence of AMPK antagonist dorsomorphin. CONCLUSION In summary, HRF treatments reduced adipogenesis, enhanced factors regulating fatty acid oxidation and this is mediated by AMPK activation. The results conclusively showed anti-obesity potential of HRF and it might be helpful in treatment of associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lingesh
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - David Paul
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Vgm Naidu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Guwahati), Shantipur, Parli Part, Mirza, Assam 781125, India
| | - N Satheeshkumar
- Drug Metabolism and Interactions Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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Excision wound healing activity of a common biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas sp. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Saiah H, Mokhtar M, Saiah W, Aichouni A, EL Kebir FZ, Allem R. In vivo wound healing potential and HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS profiling of Zizyphus lotusL. (Desf.) leaves methanol extract. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halima Saiah
- Laboratory of Natural Bioresources, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences; Hassiba Ben Bouali University; Chlef Algeria
| | - Meriem Mokhtar
- Laboratory of Beneficial Microorganisms, Functional Food and Health, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences; University of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis; Mostaganem Algeria
| | - Wassila Saiah
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene; Algiers Algeria
| | - Ahmed Aichouni
- Laboratory of Natural Bioresources, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences; Hassiba Ben Bouali University; Chlef Algeria
| | - Fatima Zohra EL Kebir
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences; University Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella; Oran Algeria
| | - Rachida Allem
- Laboratory of Natural Bioresources, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences; Hassiba Ben Bouali University; Chlef Algeria
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Al-basher G, Al-otibi F. Biological Activity of Olive Leaf Extract and Regulation of Tissue Transglutaminase Expression in Diabetic Wound Healing. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2018.963.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Ravishankar K, Kiranmayi GVN, Prasad YR, Devi L. Wound healing activity in rabbits and antimicrobial activity of Hibiscus hirtus ethanolic extract. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000417075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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di Martino O, Tito A, De Lucia A, Cimmino A, Cicotti F, Apone F, Colucci G, Calabrò V. Hibiscus syriacus Extract from an Established Cell Culture Stimulates Skin Wound Healing. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7932019. [PMID: 29333453 PMCID: PMC5733167 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7932019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are the source of a wide array of bioactive compounds that support skin integrity and health. Hibiscus syriacus, family Malvaceae, is a plant of Chinese origin known for its antipyretic, anthelmintic, and antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to assess the healing and hydration properties of H. syriacus ethanolic extract (HSEE). We established a cell culture from Hibiscus syriacus leaves and obtained an ethanol soluble extract from cultured cells. The properties of the extract were tested by gene expression and functional analyses on human fibroblast, keratinocytes, and skin explants. HSEE treatment increased the healing potential of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Specifically, HSEE significantly stimulated fibronectin and collagen synthesis by 16 and 60%, respectively, while fibroblasts contractility was enhanced by 30%. These results were confirmed on skin explants, where HSEE accelerated the wound healing activity in terms of epithelium formation and fibronectin production. Moreover, HSEE increased the expression of genes involved in skin hydration and homeostasis. Specifically, aquaporin 3 and filaggrin genes were enhanced by 20 and 58%, respectively. Our data show that HSEE contains compounds capable of stimulating expression of biomarkers relevant to skin regeneration and hydration thereby counteracting molecular pathways leading to skin damage and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. di Martino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - A. Tito
- Arterra Bioscience, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - A. De Lucia
- Arterra Bioscience, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - A. Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - F. Cicotti
- Vitalab srl, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - F. Apone
- Arterra Bioscience, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Vitalab srl, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - G. Colucci
- Arterra Bioscience, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Vitalab srl, Via Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
| | - V. Calabrò
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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Yadav E, Singh D, Yadav P, Verma A. Attenuation of dermal wounds via downregulating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers by protocatechuic acid rich n-butanol fraction of Trianthema portulacastrum Linn. in wistar albino rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:86-97. [PMID: 28965012 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute as a key factor for retarding the process of dermal wound healing. Trianthema portulcastrum Linn. (TP) leaves reported to possess antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which could make TP a promising wound healing agent. The current study was aimed to estimate the antioxidant potential of the fractionated hydroethanolic extract of TP leaves and evaluate wound healing activity by excision and incision wound models along with the assessment of possible underlying mechanism. Ethyl acetate, chloroform and n-butanol fractions of the hydroethanolic extract of TP leaves were examined for in vitro antioxidant ability by DPPH method. Strongest antioxidant activity bearing n-butanol fraction (nBuTP) was further analyzed quantitatively by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD). Wound healing potential of nBUTP using excision and incision wound model was studied. Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups, containing six animals in each group; group I served as control treated with simple ointment base, group II was standard group, treated with povidone-iodine ointment USP (5%), group III treated with nBuTP 5% w/w ointment, and group IV treated with nBuTP 10%w/w ointment. All the groups were topically applied their respective ointments, once daily, till the complete healing achieved. Wound healing was assessed by analyzing % wound closure, hydroxyproline content, epithelialization period, tensile strength, enzymatic antioxidative status and inflammatory markers. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract was estimated to be 112.32±1.12 and 84.42±0.47mg/g, respectively. HPLC-DAD of nBuTP confirmed the presence of chlorogenic acid (20.74±0.03), protocatechuic acid (34.45±0.02mg/g), caffeic acid (4.31±0.03mg/g) and ferulic acid (1.43±0.01mg/g). 5% and 10%w/w nBuTP ointment significantly accelerated the wound healing process dose-dependently in both wound models, evidenced by the faster rate of wound contraction, epithelialization, increased hydroxyproline content, high tensile strength, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased the level of inflammatory markers compared to the control group. Histopathological studies also revealed the dose-dependant amelioration of wound healing by re-epithelialization, collagenation and vascularization of wounded skin sample in nBuTP treated groups. These results implicate potential medicinal value of nBuTP to heal dermal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Yadav
- Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad 211007, India
| | - Deepika Singh
- Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad 211007, India
| | - Pankajkumar Yadav
- Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad 211007, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad 211007, India.
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Abstract
Background Infectious diseases are the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Wound and wound infections are also major health problem. Nowadays, medicinal plants play a major role in treatment of infectious diseases and wound healing and they are easily available and more affordable as compared to synthetic compounds. The aim of this study is therefore, to investigate the antibacterial and wound healing activities of 80% methanol extract of Hibiscus micranthus leaves using disc diffusion methods and rat excision model respectively. Methods In vitro antibacterial screening was carried out against S. aureus, S.pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis bacterial strains using disc-well diffusion assay. Would healing activity was done in rats divided into four groups each consisting of six animals. Group I was served as a negative control (ointment base), Group II served as a positive control Nitrofurazone (NFZ 0.2% ointment), Groups III and IV was treated 5 and 10% extracts respectively. The acute oral toxicity test and skin sensitivity test were also performed before conducting the actual study. The extract was analyzed for secondary metabolites using standard methods. Results Preliminary phytochemical screening have revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, phenols, diterpines, anthraquinones and the absence of glycosides, terpinoides and triterpines. Based on acute oral toxicity test the extract was found to be safe up to a dose of 2 g/kg. In addition, acute dermal toxicity test indicated no sign of skin irritation. The leaves extract exhibited varying degrees of sensitivity with zones of inhibition ranging from 14.00 ± 0.333 (S.pyogenes) to 22.67 ± 1.202 mm (S.aureus). It was found that S. aureus and S. pneumonia (p < 0.05) were the most sensitive to the extracts of the leaves at concentrations of 800 μg/ml and 400 μg/ml respectively followed by P. aeuruginosa [(18.33 ± .333 mm) (p < 0.05)] at a concentration of 400 μg/ml. However, E. coli and P. mirabilis were found to be resistant to the extract at any of the applied doses. In the wound healing study, the 5 and 10% w/w extract exhibited significant wound contraction rate of 99.30% and 99.13% as compared to NFZ ointment and simple ointment base treated groups from 6th to 16th day, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion The present study suggests that the methanol extract of the leaves exhibited a potential antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms and wound healing activity.
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Afiune LAF, Leal-Silva T, Sinzato YK, Moraes-Souza RQ, Soares TS, Campos KE, Fujiwara RT, Herrera E, Damasceno DC, Volpato GT. Beneficial effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flower aqueous extract in pregnant rats with diabetes. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28644857 PMCID: PMC5482446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower is widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes and has shown antifertility activity in female Wistar rats. However, there is no scientific confirmation of its effect on diabetes and pregnancy. The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of H. rosa-sinensis flowers on maternal-fetal outcome in pregnant rats with diabetes. Methods Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 40 mg/kg) in virgin, adult, female Wistar rats. After diabetes induction, the rats were mated. The pregnant rats were distributed into four groups (n minimum = 11 animals/group): non-diabetic, non-diabetic treated, diabetic, and diabetic treated. Oral aqueous extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was administered to rats in the treatment groups during pregnancy. At term pregnancy, maternal reproductive outcomes, fetal parameters, and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Results The non-diabetic treated group showed decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol, increased atherogenic index (AI) and coronary artery risk index (CRI), and increased preimplantation loss rate compared to the non-diabetic group. Although treatment with H. rosa-sinensis led to no toxicity, it showed deleterious effects on cardiac and reproductive functions. However, the diabetic treated group showed increased maternal and fetal weights, reduced AI and CRI, and reduced preimplantation loss rate compared to the untreated diabetic group. Conclusion Our results demonstrate beneficial effects of this flower only in pregnant rats with diabetes and their offspring. Although these findings cannot be extrapolated to human clinical use, they show that the indiscriminate intake of H. rosa-sinensis may be harmful to healthy individuals and its use should be completely avoided in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Alves Freitas Afiune
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Thaís Leal-Silva
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Yuri Karen Sinzato
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Thaigra Sousa Soares
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Kleber Eduardo Campos
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - Emilio Herrera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Débora Cristina Damasceno
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Tadeu Volpato
- Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
- Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology Graduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista_Unesp, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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25
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Shen HM, Chen C, Jiang JY, Zheng YL, Cai WF, Wang B, Ling Z, Tang L, Wang YH, Shi GG. The N-butyl alcohol extract from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. flowers enhances healing potential on rat excisional wounds. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 198:291-301. [PMID: 28088494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (HRS), a folk medicine named Zhujin in China, possess anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, low density lipoprotein oxidation prevention and macrophage death prevention effects. The leaves and red flowers of HRS have been traditionally used to treat with furuncle and ulceration. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the efficacy and possible mechanism of the N-butyl alcohol extract of HRS (NHRS) red flowers in wound healing by analyzing the collagen fiber deposition, angiogenic activity and macrophages action of the NHRS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an excisional wound healing model in rats, different concentrations of NHRS, or recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rbFGF), were respectively applied twice daily for 9 days. Histopathology was assessed on day 9 via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome (MT) staining, and immunohistochemistry for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and CD68. Immunomodulation by NHRS was evaluated by a carbon clearance test in mice. RESULTS Wound healing post-surgery was greater in the rbFGF-control, NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups than in the model and 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-control groups after the third day. By the sixth day the wound contraction of NHRS-M and MHRS-H groups was much higher than the rbFGF-control group. HE and MT staining revealed that epithelialization, fibroblast distribution, collagen deposition of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than the model group. Moreover, immunohistochemistry showed more intense staining of VEGF, TGF-β1 and CD68 in the rbFGF- and NHRS-control groups, compared to that in model and 5% DMSO-control groups. The clearance and phagocytic indices of NHRS-M- and NHRS-H-control groups were significantly higher than that of the carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) group in mice. CONCLUSION NHRS accelerates wound repair via enhancing the macrophages activity, accelerating angiogenesis and collagen fiber deposition response mediated by VEGF and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Feng Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang-Gang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Shanmugasundaram T, Radhakrishnan M, Gopikrishnan V, Kadirvelu K, Balagurunathan R. In vitro antimicrobial and in vivo wound healing effect of actinobacterially synthesised nanoparticles of silver, gold and their alloy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08483h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial, antifungal and wound healing potential of actinobacterially synthesised Ag, Au and Ag/Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Krishna Kadirvelu
- DRDO-BU Centre for Life Sciences
- Bharathiar University Campus
- Coimbatore 641 046
- India
| | - Ramasamy Balagurunathan
- Actinobacterial Research Laboratory
- Department of Microbiology
- Periyar University
- Salem 636 011
- India
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Kalita S, Kandimalla R, Devi B, Kalita B, Kalita K, Deka M, Chandra Kataki A, Sharma A, Kotoky J. Dual delivery of chloramphenicol and essential oil by poly-ε-caprolactone–Pluronic nanocapsules to treat MRSA-Candida co-infected chronic burn wounds. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26561h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel feasible nano capsular approach through co-encapsulation of chloramphenicol and lemon-grass essential oil to combat chronic burn wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Banasmita Devi
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
| | - Bhupalee Kalita
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research
- Bengaluru
- India
| | | | - Manab Deka
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology
- Gauhati University
- Guwahati – 781014
- India
| | | | - Arup Sharma
- College of Veterinary Science
- Assam Agriculture University
- Guwahati – 781022
- India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- Guwahati – 781035
- India
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Acmella oleracea and Achyrocline satureioides as Sources of Natural Products in Topical Wound Care. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3606820. [PMID: 27777596 PMCID: PMC5061968 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3606820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Brazilian forests have one of the world's biggest biodiversities. Achyrocline satureioides (macela) and Acmella oleracea (jambu) are native species from Brazil with a huge therapeutic potential, with proved anti-inflammatory and anesthetic action, respectively. The jambu's crude extract after depigmentation with activated charcoal and macela's essential oil were incorporated in a film made with hydroxyethyl cellulose. Those films were evaluated by mechanical test using a texturometer and anti-inflammatory and anesthetic activities by in vivo tests: wound healing and antinociceptive. The film containing the highest concentration of depigmented jambu's extract and macela's essential oil obtained an anesthesia time of 83.6 (±28.5) min longer when compared with the positive control EMLA®; the same occurred with the wound healing test; the film containing the highest concentration had a higher wound contraction (62.0% ± 12.1) compared to the positive control allantoin and the histopathological analysis demonstrated that it increases collagen synthesis and epidermal thickening. The results demonstrate that the films have a potential use in skin wounds, pressure sore, and infected surgical wounds treatment.
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29
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Pharmacological Investigation of the Wound Healing Activity of Cestrum nocturnum (L.) Ointment in Wistar Albino Rats. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS 2016; 2016:9249040. [PMID: 27018126 PMCID: PMC4785265 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9249040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The present study was aimed at investigating the wound healing effect of ethanolic extract of Cestrum nocturnum (L.) leaves (EECN) using excision and incision wound model. Methods. Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups each consisting of six animals; group I (left untreated) considered as control, group II (ointment base treated) considered as negative control, group III treated with 5% (w/w) povidone iodine ointment (Intadine USP), which served as standard, group IV treated with EECN 2% (w/w) ointment, and group V treated with EECN 5% (w/w) ointment were considered as test groups. All the treatments were given once daily. The wound healing effect was assessed by percentage wound contraction, epithelialization period, and histoarchitecture studies in excision wound model while breaking strength and hydroxyproline content in the incision wound model. Result. Different concentration of EECN (2% and 5% w/w) ointment promoted the wound healing activity significantly in both the models studied. The high rate of wound contraction (P < 0.001), decrease in the period for epithelialization (P < 0.01), high skin breaking strength (P < 0.001), and elevated hydroxyproline content were observed in animal treated with EECN ointments when compared to the control and negative control group of animals. Histopathological studies of the EECN ointments treated groups also revealed the effectiveness in improved wound healing. Conclusions. Ethanolic extract of Cestrum nocturnum (EECN) leaves possesses a concentration dependent wound healing effect.
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Agyare C, Boakye YD, Bekoe EO, Hensel A, Dapaah SO, Appiah T. Review: African medicinal plants with wound healing properties. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 177:85-100. [PMID: 26549271 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Wounds of various types including injuries, cuts, pressure, burns, diabetic, gastric and duodenal ulcers continue to have severe socio-economic impact on the cost of health care to patients, family and health care institutions in both developing and developed countries. However, most people in the developing countries, especially Africa, depend on herbal remedies for effective treatment of wounds. Various in vitro and in vivo parameters are used for the evaluation of the functional activity of medicinal plants by using extracts, fractions and isolated compounds. The aim of the review is to identify African medicinal plants with wound healing properties within the last two decades. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scifinder(®) and Google Scholar were used to search and filter for African medicinal plants with wound healing activity. The methods employed in the evaluation of wound healing activity of these African medicinal plants comprise both in vivo and in vitro models. In vivo wound models such as excision, incision, dead space and burn wound model are commonly employed in assessing the rate of wound closure (contraction), tensile strength or breaking strength determination, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, hydroxyproline content assay and histological investigations including epithelialisation, collagen synthesis, and granulation tissue formation. In in vitro studies, single cell systems are mostly used to study proliferation and differentiation of dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes by monitoring typical differentiation markers like collagen and keratin. RESULTS In this study, 61 plants belonging to 36 families with scientifically demonstrated or reported wound healing properties were reviewed. Various plant parts including leaves, fruits, stem bark and root extracts of the plants are used in the evaluation of plants for wound healing activities. CONCLUSION Although, a variety of medicinal plants for wound healing can be found in literature, there is a need for the isolation and characterization of the bioactive compounds responsible for the wound healing properties. Also, cytotoxicity studies should be performed on the promising agents or bioactive fractions or extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agyare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
| | - Yaw Duah Boakye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emelia Oppong Bekoe
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Andreas Hensel
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Susana Oteng Dapaah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Theresa Appiah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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