Comparison of Different Periodontal Healing of Critical Size Noncontained and Contained Intrabony Defects in Beagles

Biological effect of the nanocrystalline calcium sulfate bone graft in the periodontal regeneration

BACKGROUND

The ultimate goal of tissue engineering is to reproduce functional alveolar∖Periodontal complex. This study aimed to asses micro- and nano-formulated crystalline calcium sulfate as possible treatment of intrabony defect utilizing an autologous Platelet rich fibrin scaffold.

SUBJECTS

and Methods: An experimental prospective split mouth design using eight healthy mongrel dog's was conducted. After two months of extracting the first premolar, bilateral intrabony defects were created mesial to the mandibular second premolar. One side was grafted by nanocrystalline calcium sulfate, while, the opposite side was grafted with microcrystalline calcium sulfate graft. Dogs were randomly euthanized after one month (group I) and 3 months (group II). The primary outcomes were the histological changes of new bone formation in hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome stains, while histomorphometric and radiographic analysis were the secondary outcome followed by statistical analysis (P value was set at .05).

RESULTS

There was a significant increase in the percentage of bone formation in relation to defect height in nanocrystalline compared to microcrystalline form after one month and three months in both histological (p-values of <0.0001) and radiographic results (p-values of <0.0001).

CONCLUSION

Nanocrystalline calcium sulfate presented a significant enhanced periodontal regeneration compared to the microcrystalline form.

Platelet rich fibrin versus ozone gel for periodontal regeneration in induced rats' intrabony three-wall periodontal defects

BACKGROUND

The question of whether platelet rich fibrin and ozone can enhance regeneration of periodontal defect was addressed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

three-wall periodontal defects were surgically created in 30 rats involving mesial aspect of right mandibular first molar. Rats were randomly assigned into three groups: 1) Group I (Positive control group). 2) Group II (Ozone treated group) and 3) Group III (PRF treated group). Two weeks after surgery, five rats from each group were euthanized and the remaining was euthanized 4 weeks post surgery. The degree of periodontal regeneration was evaluated using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Histomorphometric measurements and anti-PCNA immunohistochemical counting were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS

group I showed intense inflammatory reaction with mild new bone formation. In group II, partial regeneration was seen with moderate new woven bone formation in 2 weeks period. After 4 weeks, almost complete restoration of periodontium was seen. In group III, after 2 weeks, moderate lamellar bone formation was observed. In 4 weeks period, the periodontal regeneration was almost completed. Histomorphometric analysis showed a significant difference between group I and group II. The difference between group I and group III was significant in 2 weeks and highly significant after 4 weeks. That between group II and group III was nonsignificant in 2 weeks and significant in 4 weeks. Anti-PCNA analysis was nonsignificant between groups.

CONCLUSIONS

both Platelet rich fibrin and ozone can improve histological parameters associated with healing of experimental intrabony periodontal defects in rats with the former being superior.

EphrinB2 regulates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone defect regeneration in beagles

EphrinB2, a membrane protein regulating bone homeostasis, has been demonstrated to induce osteogenic gene expression in periodontal ligament fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ephrinB2 on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and on alveolar bone regeneration in vivo. We assessed the osteogenic gene expression and osteogenic differentiation potential of ephrinB2-modified human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells, in which ephrinB2 expression was upregulated via lentiviral vector transduction. EphrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells combined with PuraMatrix were delivered to critical-sized alveolar bone defects in beagles to evaluate bone regeneration. Results showed that ephrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic gene transcription and mineral deposition in both human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells. Animal experiments confirmed that ephrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells + PuraMatrix resulted in greater trabecular bone volume per tissue volume and trabecular thickness compared with other groups. Our study demonstrated that ephrinB2 promoted osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone repair in beagles, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of alveolar bone damage.