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Batra S, Bhandare MS, Chaudhari V, Esha P, Nikhil M, Ostwal V, Ramaswamy A, Ramadwar M, Kulkarni S, Shrikhande SV. 1657 Resected Gastric Adenocarcinomas at a Single Institution: Outcomes and Trends over 17 Years. Ann Surg Oncol 2024:10.1245/s10434-024-15842-4. [PMID: 39014164 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outside of clinical trials, real-world data of advanced gastric cancers (AGCs) managed with perioperative or adjuvant chemotherapy with a backbone of D2 lymphadenectomy is limited. PATIENTS AND METHODS Curative resections for gastric adenocarcinoma between January 2003 and January 2020 at the Tata Memorial Centre were analyzed, comparing three time periods marking major increments in annual gastric resections (GRs). RESULTS 1657 radical gastric resections were performed with a morbidity and mortality rate of 34.9% and 1.4%, respectively. Over three consecutive periods, the number of annual GRs increased from 56/year to 97/year to 156/year (P < 0.001) with a significant escalation in surgical magnitude and complexity. Improvement in surgical quality indicators (median lymph node yield from 15 to 25, P < 0.001 and margin negativity from 8.2 to 5.5%, P = 0.002) was observed with no corresponding increase in severe complications (6.9%) or mortality (1.4%). The proportion of distal and signet ring cancers was found to decrease over time, with an increase in proximal cancers and younger age at presentation. Overall, 90% of GRs were for AGCs with a median overall survival (OS) of 4.4 years (± 6 months), and 5-year OS rate of 47.6% (± 1.9%). CONCLUSIONS Change in pattern of tumor characteristics was observed. Aggressive treatment options for AGC were employed progressively with excellent survival. With increase in volumes, improvements in surgical quality indicators, and a relative improvement in postoperative mortality was observed. These results provide a roadmap for developing dedicated gastric cancer centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Batra
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Manish S Bhandare
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Chaudhari
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Pai Esha
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Mehta Nikhil
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikas Ostwal
- Department of GI and HPB Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Anant Ramaswamy
- Department of GI and HPB Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Mukta Ramadwar
- Department of Oncopathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Suyash Kulkarni
- Department of Radiology and Intervention Radiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Shailesh Vinayak Shrikhande
- Department of GI and HPB Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Dr. Ernest Borges Road, Parel, Mumbai, India.
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Kushwaha AK, Kumari N, Kumari S, Motghare VM, Sen S, Niraj MK, Mehta MK. A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on Clinical Epidemiology of Different Types of Cancer in a Tertiary Care Centre: Insights From Eastern India. Cureus 2024; 16:e62529. [PMID: 39022516 PMCID: PMC11253775 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Cancer poses a significant burden in India, with a considerable number of people living with the disease and a substantial increase in new cases every year. Hence, considering the unique challenges faced by developing nations regarding the disease burden, this study has been designed. The aim of this work was to carry out a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study on various types of cancer conducted in a tertiary care centre in India. Methods One thousand cancer patients who attended the outpatient department (OPD) from tertiary care cancer hospitals from July 2019 to December 2023 in Eastern India were enrolled. Patients included were of either gender, with their demographic details and the disease duration, who visited the OPD of hospitals meeting the eligibility criteria. Exclusion criteria were terminally ill cancer patients and patients who did not visit the outpatient department of the studied site. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were carried out using the SPSS statistical software, version 20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) for data analysis. Ethics committee approval was taken. Results Gastrointestinal tract cancer (31.3%, n=313) and breast cancer (19.8%, n=198) were found to be the most common types of cancer among all. Out of the total patients studied, 41.1% were males and 58.9% were females. Among regions, North Chotanagpur had the highest (40.5%) prevalence, followed by South Chotanagpur (26.0%). The majority of individuals belonged to 41 to 60 years (49.0%, n=490), followed by 21-40 years (28.9%, n=289). Gastrointestinal cancer was more prevalent among males (35.5%, n=146), while breast cancer was predominant among females (31.4%, n=185). Conclusion Cancer is more prevalent among rural females (58.9%), providing valuable insights into the prevalence of various cancers and highlighting differences between regions, age groups, and genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit K Kushwaha
- Surgical Oncology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Nalini Kumari
- Pharmacology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Soni Kumari
- Pharmacology, Laxmichandravansi Medical College, Garhwa, IND
| | | | - Sumana Sen
- Pharmacology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Mukesh K Niraj
- Biochemistry, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
| | - Muklesh K Mehta
- General Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, IND
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Siddique R, Gupta G, Mgm J, Kumar A, Kaur H, Ariffin IA, Pramanik A, Almalki WH, Ali H, Shahwan M, Patel N, Murari K, Mishra R, Thapa R, Bhat AA. Targeting notch-related lncRNAs in cancer: Insights into molecular regulation and therapeutic potential. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155282. [PMID: 38608371 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases marked by unchecked cell proliferation and the ability for the disease to metastasize to different body areas. Enhancements in treatment and early detection are crucial for improved outcomes. LncRNAs are RNA molecules that encode proteins and have a length of more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs are crucial for chromatin architecture, gene regulation, and other cellular activities that impact both normal growth & pathological processes, even though they are unable to code for proteins. LncRNAs have emerged as significant regulators in the study of cancer biology, with a focus on their intricate function in the Notch signaling pathway. The imbalance of this pathway is often linked to a variety of malignancies. Notch signaling is essential for cellular functions like proliferation, differentiation, and death. The cellular response is shaped by these lncRNAs through their modulation of essential Notch pathway constituents such as receptors, ligands, and downstream effectors around it. Furthermore, a variety of cancer types exhibit irregular expression of Notch-related lncRNAs, underscoring their potential use as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers. Gaining an understanding of the molecular processes behind the interaction between the Notch pathway and lncRNAs will help you better understand the intricate regulatory networks that control the development of cancer. This can open up new possibilities for individualized treatment plans and focused therapeutic interventions. The intricate relationships between lncRNAs & the Notch pathway in cancer are examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihan Siddique
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johar Mgm
- Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Selangor 40100 MSU, Malaysia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand- 831001, India
| | - I A Ariffin
- Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Selangor 40100 MSU, Malaysia
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neeraj Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Krishna Murari
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India.
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Anitha S, Ramasamy R, Nachiappa Ganesh R, Dubashi B. Expression of the Folate Receptor Proteins FOLR1 and FOLR2 in Correlation With Clinicopathological Variables of Gastric Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e61032. [PMID: 38915965 PMCID: PMC11194536 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer (GC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, owing to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The role of folate receptors, particularly folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) and folate receptor 2 (FOLR2), in cancer has been increasingly recognized due to their overexpression in various malignancies including gastric cancer, and its potential implications in cancer progression, treatment resistance and as therapeutic targets. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the expression patterns of FOLR1 and FOLR2 in GC patients' tissue and blood specimens and to correlate these patterns with clinicopathological variables. METHODS A total of 58 gastric cancer patients were enrolled at the Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) from March 2017 to March 2020. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine the expression of FOLR1 and FOLR2 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyze FOLR1 and FOLR2 expression in blood samples. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-square tests, independent T-tests, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS FOLR1 and FOLR2 were overexpressed in 82.76% and 70.69% of gastric cancer tissues, respectively. High expression levels of FOLR1 were significantly associated with the diffuse type of gastric cancer (p<0.005). qRT-PCR showed significant overexpression of FOLR1 in gastric cancer blood samples compared to control samples, with a median fold change of approximately 14.18 times. Conversely, FOLR2 was significantly underexpressed in gastric cancer samples, with a fold change of 0.30. However, no significant correlation was found between FOLR2 expression and the clinicopathological features. The overall survival analysis did not show a significant difference in survival rates based on the expression levels of FOLR1 and FOLR2. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the differential expression patterns of FOLR1 and FOLR2 in gastric cancer and underscores the complexity of their roles in cancer biology. While FOLR1 shows potential as a biomarker for gastric cancer due to its overexpression, further studies are needed to fully elucidate the therapeutic and prognostic implications of folate receptors in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anitha
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Raveendran Ramasamy
- Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND
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Panda SS, Mohanty SS, Sanyal A, Ganesan P, Kayal S, Rathnam K, Saju SV, Cyriac S, Unnikrishnan P, Sehrawat A, Sundriyal D, Philips AO, Jain D, Mohanty SS, Agrawal SK, Moharana L, Choudhury SR, Dubashi B. Adolescent and Young Adults with Gastric Cancer (AYA-GC)-The Dilemma of an Under-Represented Group: A Multi-Institutional Analysis from the Indian Subcontinent. South Asian J Cancer 2024; 13:142-145. [PMID: 38919666 PMCID: PMC11196132 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Soumya Surath PandaGastric cancer (GC) is often ignored at a young age, which frequently leads to tragic consequences. The worldwide incidence of GC is increasing at a young age. In view of the limited Indian publication, we sought to characterize clinicopathological parameters and risk factors in the adolescents and young adults (AYA) population. Retrospective data from six centers (which are part of the Network of Oncology Clinical Trials in India) from 2015 to 2020 were collected from patient (18-39 years of age) records. This study was approved by the institutional ethical committee of individual centers. All statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS (Version 20). Data interpretation along with the analysis of obtained results was carried out using the following tests: Qualitative data was expressed in terms of frequency/percentage. One-hundred fifty-two AYA GC patients were enrolled. The 31 to 39 years age group was most affected in which 76.3% were females. The majority of patients were nonalcoholic (93.4%), nonsmokers (98.0%), and without a family history (98.0%). The most common (MC) presenting symptom was abdominal pain (67.1%). MC site was antrum (48%). Among esophagogastric junction cancers, the majority were type I and II Siewert classifications (77% [20/26] patients in cardia), MC histology-signet ring cell (67.1%) followed by diffuse-type (65.1%). Most were poorly differentiated (65.1%) and were diagnosed at an advanced stage (III & IV= 54.6%). This is one of our country's first large multicenter studies on GC in the AYA population. There was a higher female prevalence, aggressive tumor behavior and the majority of patients were diagnosed at a more advanced stage. The majority were nonsmokers with a negative family history. Awareness among general people, researchers, clinicians, and policymakers must be improved to better the loss of life years in the younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Surath Panda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swati Sucharita Mohanty
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Antara Sanyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Smita Kayal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Krishnakumar Rathnam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meenakshi Mission Medical College and Research Center, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. V. Saju
- Department of Medical Oncology, Meenakshi Mission Medical College and Research Center, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunu Cyriac
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - P. Unnikrishnan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Amit Sehrawat
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Sundriyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ashwin Oommen Philips
- Department of Medical Oncology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Jain
- Department of Surgery, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sumit Subhadarshi Mohanty
- Department of Gastrosurgery, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Agrawal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lalatendu Moharana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Satyaprakash Ray Choudhury
- Department of Gastrosurgery, Institute of Medical Sciences and Sum Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Karra S, Gurushankari B, Rajalekshmy MR, Elamurugan TP, Mahalakshmy T, Kate V, Nanda N, Rajesh NG, Shankar G. Diagnostic Utility of NLR, PLR and MLR in Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: an Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. J Gastrointest Cancer 2023; 54:1322-1330. [PMID: 37198382 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-023-00937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are linked with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical significance of the combination of these markers is unclear. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the individual and combined diagnostic accuracy of NLR, PLR and MLR among patients with GC. METHODS In this prospective, cross-sectional study, patients were recruited into three groups, GC, precancerous lesions and age and gender-matched controls. The primary outcome was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of GC. The secondary outcome was to determine the correlation of inflammatory markers with the stage of gastric cancer, nodal involvement and metastasis. RESULTS A total of 228 patients, 76 in each group, were enrolled. The cut-off value of NLR, PLR and MLR were 2.23, 146.8 and 0.26, respectively, for the diagnosis of GC. The diagnostic abilities of NLR, PLR and MLR were significantly high at 79, 75 and 68.4, respectively, to predict GC compared to precancerous and control groups. All the models of inflammatory markers showed excellent discrimination between GC and the controls with an AUC > 0.7. The models also showed acceptable discrimination between GC and the precancerous lesion group with AUC between 0.65 and 0.70. No significant difference was found in correlating inflammatory markers with clinicopathological features. CONCLUSION The discrimination capacity of the inflammatory markers could be used as screening biomarkers in diagnosing GC, even in its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Karra
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | | | - Mini Rajesh Rajalekshmy
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - T P Elamurugan
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - T Mahalakshmy
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vikram Kate
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, 605006, India.
| | - Nivedita Nanda
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Nachiappa Ganesh Rajesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Gomathi Shankar
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, 605006, India
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Poleboyina SM, Poleboyina PK, Pawar SC, Guntuku G. Homology Modeling, Screening, and Identification of Potential FOXO6 Inhibitors Curtail Gastric Cancer Progression: an In Silico Drug Repurposing Approach. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7708-7737. [PMID: 37086375 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04490-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the world's second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities, with the epidemiology changing over the previous several decades. FOXOs are the O subfamily of the forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family, which consists of four members: FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6. FOXO6 mRNA and protein levels are increased in gastric cancer tissues. FOXO6 forced overexpression enhances gastric cancer cell growth, while knockdown decreases proliferation. In our study, the GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier, KEGG, and STRING databases were used to determine FOXO6 mRNA expression, overall survival ratio, interactive pathways, and top 10 associated proteins in gastric cancer respectively. Due to the lack of a solved structure for FOXO6, homology modeling was performed to obtain a 3D structure model, and we used anti-cancer drugs and small molecules to target FOXO6 for identifying a potential selective FOXO6 inhibitor. The chemical composition of the proteins and ligands has a significant impact on docking procedure performance. With this in mind, a critical evaluation of the performance of three regularly used docking routines was carried out: MVD, AutoDock Vina in PyRx, and ArgusLab. The binding affinities, docking scores, and intermolecular interactions were used as assessment criteria. In the study, the porfimer sodium showed excellent binding affinity to the FOXO6 protein. The major three docking software packages were used to analyze the scoring/H-bonding energy and intermolecular interactions. Based on the results, we concluded that FOXO6 was upregulated in gastric cancer and the ligand porfimer sodium emerges as a promising potential FOXO6 inhibitor to curtail gastric cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Malleswari Poleboyina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Poleboyina
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Smita C Pawar
- Department of Genetics & Biotechnology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
| | - Girijasankar Guntuku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530003, India.
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Charles L, Elangovan A, Nisha Y, Jafa E, Kate V, Selvarajan S, Kayal S, Ganesh RN, Dubashi B, Penumadu P, Ganesan P. Clinicopathological features and survival outcomes for gastric adenocarcinoma: Real-world single-center data. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023:10.1007/s12664-023-01455-4. [PMID: 37948007 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is the fifth most-common cancer and fourth common cause for cancer-related deaths globally. Surgery preceded or followed by chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is considered an optimal treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer. This study is a real-world data from a tertiary referral institute in southern India, in its experience with treating gastric adenocarcinoma over a period of four years with a minimum of two-year follow-up. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of data of patients with histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma enrolled in the Department of Medical Oncology from 2015 to 2018. The demographic details, presentation, staging, treatment received and outcomes of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were collected and analyzed in this study. RESULTS Total 488 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included for the study. The stage-wise distribution of patients revealed early and locally advanced (45%) and metastatic (55%). The peritoneum and liver were the common sites of metastasis. The treatment distribution of these patients included perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery (25 [5%]), surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (65 [13%]), surgery alone (16 [3%]), perioperative chemotherapy alone (23 [4%]), palliative chemotherapy (274 [56%]) and supportive care (85 [17%]). The median overall survival for curative, palliative and supportive treatment was 23 (18-28), nine (7.6-10.4) and four (2.7-5.3) months, respectively. The two-year overall survival in the intention to treat population in the primary surgery (n = 81) and perioperative chemotherapy groups (n = 66) was 67.4% vs. 29.9% (p < 0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION This study highlights the advanced nature of the presentation of gastric cancer patients and the poor rate of treatment completion. The median survival rates in curative patients remain to be dismally poor. The treatment sequence in curable gastric cancer of surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy vs. perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery needs to be explored in our country.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Charles
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Archana Elangovan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Yadav Nisha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Esha Jafa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Vikram Kate
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Sandhiya Selvarajan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Smita Kayal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India.
| | - Prasanth Penumadu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
| | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Dhanvantari Nagar, Pondicherry, 605 006, India
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9
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Swain CK, Padhee S, Sahoo U, Rout HS, Swain PK. Changing patterns of cancer burden among elderly across Indian states: Evidence from the global burden of disease study 1990-2019. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:254-263. [PMID: 37711257 PMCID: PMC10498831 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the trends and patterns of the cancer burden among the elderly in different regions of India at a subnational level. Methods Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Studies India Compare 2019. Prevalence rate, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and annual percentage change techniques were used to analyze data. Results The three age groups with the highest prevalence of cancer were those aged 60-64 years, 65-69 years, and 70-74 years. In 2019, The prevalence of cancer among the elderly ranged from 7048.815 in Karnataka to 5743.040 in Jharkhand. Kerala has the most significant annual percentage change in the cancer prevalence rate of 0.291 between 1990 and 2019. The highest DALY rate was observed among individuals aged 80-84 years in 2019. That year, the DALY rate among the elderly was 8112.283 in India. The top five cancers with higher DALY rates among the elderly in India in 2019 were tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (908.473), colon and rectum cancer (752.961), stomach cancer (707.464), breast cancer (597.881), and lip and oral cavity cancer (557.637). Conclusion Elderly individuals demonstrated a higher vulnerable to cancer compared to other age groups. There is a need for state-specific government intervention to minimize the risk of cancer among the elderly due to the heterogeneity in the burden of cancer across Indian states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Kumar Swain
- Department of Analytical & Applied EconomicsUtkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Sourav Padhee
- Department of StatisticsUtkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
| | - Umakanta Sahoo
- Department of StatisticsSambalpur UniversitySambalpurOdishaIndia
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Rout
- Department of Analytical & Applied EconomicsUtkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
- RUSA Centre of Excellence in Public Policy and GovernanceUtkal UniversityBhubaneswarOdishaIndia
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10
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Mailankody S, Bajpai J, Budukh A, Swaminathan R, Dikshit R, Dhimal M, Perera S, Tshomo U, Bagal S, Bhise M, Chaturvedi P, Banavali SD, Gupta S, Badwe RA, Trama A. Epidemiology of rare cancers in India and South Asian countries - remembering the forgotten. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2023; 12:100168. [PMID: 37384065 PMCID: PMC10305990 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Rare cancers (RCs) are challenging to manage and are "forgotten cancers" though they collectively constitute a significant proportion of all cancers (∼20%). As a first step towards streamlining care, there is an unmet need to map the epidemiology of RCs in South Asian Association for Regional Collaboration (SAARC) countries. Methods The authors collected data from 30 Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCR) of India and the published national registries of Nepal, Bhutan and Sri Lanka (SL) and compared them with the standard RARECAREnet RC list. Findings With the standard definition of crude incidence rates (CR) ≤6/100,0000 per population, 67.5%, 68.3%, 62.3% and 37% of all incident cancers qualify as RCs in India, Bhutan, Nepal and SL, respectively. An arbitrary cut-off CR ≤3 appears more appropriate with 43%, 39.5%, 51.8% and 17.2% of cancers identified as RCs, respectively, due to the lower cancer incidence.There are similarities and notable differences between the RC lists of the SAARC region with that of the European RC list. Oral cavity cancers are rare in Europe, while pancreas, rectum, urinary bladder and melanomas are common. In addition, uterine, colon and prostatic cancers are rare in India, Nepal and Bhutan. In SL, thyroid cancer is common. There are gender-related and regional differences in RC trends in the SAARC countries. Interpretation There is an unmet need in SAARC nations to capture epidemiological nuances in rare cancers. Understanding the unique issues in the developing world may guide policymakers to adopt appropriate measures to improve RC care and tailor public health interventions. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Mailankody
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Jyoti Bajpai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Center, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Atul Budukh
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajaraman Swaminathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Cancer Registry, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | - Rajesh Dikshit
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Suraj Perera
- National Cancer Registry Program, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ugyen Tshomo
- Department of Gynecology, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Thimphu, Bhutan
- Principal Investigator of Cancer Registry, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Sonali Bagal
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Mahadev Bhise
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Shripad D. Banavali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Center, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Center, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajendra A. Badwe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Annalisa Trama
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCSS, Milan, Italy
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11
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B. AV, Behera MK, Patne SCU, Shukla SK, Dixit VK. Clinicopathological Significance and Prognostic Role of Her2neu Protein Expression in Patients with Carcinoma Stomach: A Prospective Study from Northern India. South Asian J Cancer 2023; 12:135-140. [PMID: 37969677 PMCID: PMC10635765 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Manas Kumar BeheraBackground and Aims Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide after lungs and colorectum. Although controversial, Her2neu overexpression by immunohistochemistry is usually associated with poor prognosis in patients with carcinoma stomach. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the prognostic role of Her2neu and its correlation with clinical, pathologic type, and stage of the disease. Methods A prospective study was performed on paraffin blocks of 111 gastric cancer specimens (88 patients were biopsy specimens and 23 were gastrectomy specimens). The paraffin blocks were processed for Her2neu receptor immunohistochemical staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization, and scoring was done. Results Her2neu overexpression was detected in 30 out of 111 (27%) patients. The mean age was 57.68 ± 12.82 years, with males constituting two-thirds of total patients. Tobacco addiction was found in 44% of the patients and smoking in 33% of the patients. Her2neu expression was similar in Lauren's intestinal and diffuse histologic type; however, proximal gastric tumors overexpressed Her2neu as compared with distal tumors. Her2neu 2+ or 3 + (odds ratio: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.61-3.95, p = 0.001) was the only independent predictor of survival in gastric cancer patients. Kaplan-Meir survival analysis showed that the survival of gastric cancer patients with Her2neu overexpression (Her2neu 2+ or 3 + ) was significantly lower than that of those with Her2neu nonexpression ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Her2neu positivity was a significant predictor of mortality in patients with carcinoma stomach, and Her2neu overexpression was associated with a lower overall survival rate compared with Her2neu nonexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manas Kumar Behera
- Department of Hepatology, Srirama Chandra Bhanja (SCB) Medical College, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shashikant C. U. Patne
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunit Kumar Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Dixit
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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12
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Kumar DS, Noushad SN, Viswanathan MP, S. VD. Surgical and Survival Outcomes of Operable Gastric Cancer-Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in South India. Indian J Surg Oncol 2023; 14:48-52. [PMID: 36891430 PMCID: PMC9986162 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-022-01599-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading cancers in Southern India. Data regarding the gastric cancers among the Indian population is sparse. Most patients in our country have locally advanced gastric cancers due to delayed presentation. In this article, we present our data regarding the presentation patterns, epidemiological demographics, surgical outcomes, and survival patterns from a tertiary care center in South India. This is a retrospective analysis of gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy in our institution between January 2015 and November 2021 (n = 102). The data regarding patient characteristics, histopathology, and perioperative outcomes were analysed from medical records. The adjuvant treatment received and survival details were collected from the follow-up records and by telephonic interviews. A total of 128 patients were assessable, 102 patients underwent gastrectomy in a period of 6 years. The median age of presentation was 60 years and males were more commonly affected (70.6%). Most common presentation was pain abdomen followed by gastric outlet obstruction. Adenocarcinoma NOS (93%) was the most common histological type. Most of the Patients had antropyloric growths (79.4%) and subtotal gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was the most common surgery performed. Majority of the tumors were T4 tumors (55.9%) and nodal metastases were detected in 74% of the specimens. Predominant morbidity was wound infection (6.1%) followed by anastomotic leak (5.9%) with a combined overall morbidity of 16.7% and 30-day mortality of 2.9%. Seventy five (80.5%) patients were able to complete all planned 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. The median time of survival calculated by Kaplan-Meier method was 23 months with 2-year and 3-year overall survival rates of 31% and 22%, respectively. Lymphovascular invasion (LVSI) and lymph nodal burden were the risk factors associated with recurrences and deaths. The patient characteristics, histological factors, and perioperative outcomes revealed most of our patients presented in locally advanced stages with poor risk histological types and increased nodal burden contributing to the lower survival in our population. Inferior survival outcomes suggest the need to explore perioperative and neoadjuvant chemotherapy options in our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Suresh Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Estate, Chennai, 600002 India
| | - S. Navin Noushad
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Estate, Chennai, 600002 India
| | - M. P. Viswanathan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Estate, Chennai, 600002 India
| | - Vishnu Deepthi S.
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tamil Nadu Government Multi Super Speciality Hospital, Omandurar Estate, Chennai, 600002 India
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13
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Shaji A, Keechilat P, DK V, Sauvaget C. Analysis of the Mortality Trends of 23 Major Cancers in the Indian Population Between 2000 and 2019: A Joinpoint Regression Analysis. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2200405. [PMID: 36947728 PMCID: PMC10497286 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer mortality trends have not been documented across the population of India. We, therefore, analyzed the overall and individual cancer mortality trends for 23 major cancers between 2000 and 2019 on the basis of Global Health Observatory (GHO) database. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study examined cancer mortality trends for 23 major cancer sites on the basis of 12.85 million cancer deaths obtained from the GHO of the WHO between 2000 and 2019. A joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the long-term trends of cancer mortality. Annual percentage change (APC) and average APC were estimated for various cancer sites. RESULTS Between 2000 and 2019, 12.85 million deaths occurred in India from 23 major cancers. The most common lethal cancers were mouth and oropharyngeal (15.6%), stomach (10.6%), lung (9.6%), breast (9%), and colorectal (8%) cancers. The mortality trend decreased by 0.19% annually among men and increased nonsignificantly by 0.25% among women; an increase of 0.02% was observed among combined sexes. Increasing mortality trends were seen among cancers of the lung, breast, colorectum, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, gallbladder, pancreas, kidney, and mesothelioma between 2000 and 2019. The highest annual increase in mortality was observed in pancreatic cancer among both sexes: 2.7%, 2.1% among men, and 3.7% in women. The cancers of the stomach, esophagus, leukemia, larynx, and melanoma showed a declining cancer mortality trend irrespective of sex. CONCLUSION A multifaceted strategy is required to tackle the rising cancer mortality rates in India; the best long-term strategy could be implementing awareness on cancer symptoms among the population as well as cancer prevention policies with improved health infrastructure and specifically dedicated human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajil Shaji
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita VishwaVidhyapeedham, Cochin, India
| | - Pavithran Keechilat
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita VishwaVidhyapeedham, Cochin, India
| | - Vijaykumar DK
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita VishwaVidhyapeedham, Cochin, India
| | - Catherine Sauvaget
- Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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14
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Development of a liquid-based cytology method for detecting cervical cancer cells using functional gold nanorods. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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15
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Cui Y, Cheng G, Tian G, He S, Yan Y. Secular trends in the mortality of gastrointestinal cancers across China, Japan, the US, and India: An age-period-cohort, Joinpoint analyses, and Holt forecasts. Front Public Health 2022; 10:925011. [PMID: 36249214 PMCID: PMC9559557 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.925011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colon cancer, esophageal cancer, and stomach cancer are the common causes of morbidity and mortality in China, Japan, the US., and India. The current study aims to assess and compare secular trends of the mortality of gastrointestinal cancers during the period, 1990-2017 in age-specific, time period, and birth cohort effects. Method We used the Joinpoint model to collect age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for four countries. We designed an age-period-cohort (APC) analysis to estimate the independent effects on the mortality of three types of cancers. Result The Joinpoint model shows that in addition to the death rate of esophageal cancer in Japan, the ASMR of esophageal cancer and stomach cancer in other countries declined rapidly. The APC analysis presented a similar pattern of age effect between four countries for colon cancer and stomach cancer, which increased from 20 to 89 age groups. Differently, the period effect rapidly increased for esophageal cancer and stomach cancer in the US, and the period effect in China presented a declining volatility, showing its highest value in 2007. In future, highest mortality trends are likely to occur in China. Conclusion Therefore, the obvious increase in colon cancer recommended that earlier tactics must be performed to reduce mortality from specific causes from 2018 to 2027.
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16
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Singh S, Surendran S, Yacob M, Paul N, Samarasam I. Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on upper gastrointestinal cancer services: Experience from an oncosurgical unit. THE NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA 2022; 35:206-209. [PMID: 36715044 DOI: 10.25259/nmji_751_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The Covid-19 pandemic continues to affect the delivery of cancer care across the world. We evaluated the impact of the pandemic on the delivery of cancer care, to patients diagnosed with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract malignancies, during the first 4 months of the pandemic in India. Methods We retrospectively analysed a database of patients with UGI malignancies discussed in the Multidisciplinary Tumour Board (MDTB) between 24 March and 24 July 2020. The results in the study group were compared to that of a similar group of patients from the corresponding period in 2019. Results A total of 117 and 61 patients were discussed in the MDTB in 2019 and 2020, respectively, thereby showing a 48% reduction in the number of new cases seen in 2020. The reduction in the number of new cases was huge for oesophageal cancer (53-13; 75.5% reduction), compared to gastric cancer (53-43; 18.9%). The proportion of patients with metastatic disease at presentation was significantly higher in 2020, compared to 2019 (39.3% v. 23.1%; p=0.023). In 8 (13.1%) patients, the pre-existing treatment protocol had to be modified to suit the prevailing pandemic situation. Two patients with gastric cancer acquired asymptomatic Covid-19 infection during the treatment, which delayed the delivery of further therapy. Oncosurgeries were less in 2020 compared to 2019 (25 v. 63). The rate of 30-day major postoperative complications in 2020 was comparable with that in 2019 (12% v. 6.3%; p=0.4). Conclusions The number of new patients with UGI cancer, seeking elective cancer care and the number of oncosurgical procedures reduced during the Covid-19 pandemic. Continuous delivery of UGI cancer services was ensured during the pandemic through clinical prioritization, the adaptation of specific care pathways and selective modification of protocols, to suit the prevailing local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Singh
- Division of Surgery, Upper GI Surgery Unit, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suraj Surendran
- Division of Surgery, Upper GI Surgery Unit, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Myla Yacob
- Division of Surgery, Upper GI Surgery Unit, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Negine Paul
- Division of Surgery, Upper GI Surgery Unit, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Inian Samarasam
- Division of Surgery, Upper GI Surgery Unit, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Maheshwari U, Sharma M, Goel V, Goyal P, Jain P, Agarwal C, Jajodia A, Talwar V, BP A, Joga S, Doval DC, Pasricha S, Koyyala VPB. Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Treatment in Gastric Cancer in Young Patients in India. ASIAN JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer poses an enormous burden across the globe and India in terms of cancer-related mortality. There is paucity of epidemiological and survival data among young gastric cancer patients in India. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the general characteristics, clinical profile, and survival data of gastric cancer in young patients < 30 years at tertiary care institution at New Delhi, India.
Materials and Methods Young gastric cancer patients (≤30 years) who were registered over a period of 7 years (2010–2017) were analyzed at a tertiary care center. Total of 2,735 patients of gastric cancers were registered out of which 70 cases were younger than 30 years, of which 63 patients were available for final analysis and data was missing for the remaining 7 cases. All patients underwent standard diagnostic and staging investigation and were staged as per American Joint Committee on Cancer 7 staging system. Lymph node ratio was calculated as number of positive nodes by the number of lymph nodes removed and were categorized as ≤0.6 and >0.6. Minimum follow-up of 1 year was required for inclusion in the study. Twelve patients were lost to follow-up and were not included for survival analysis.
Results Younger patients (≤30 years) with gastric cancer were 2.5% of total gastric cancer patients. Mean age was 24.9 years with males being involved twice as commonly as females (2.15:1). Positive family history was present in 14.2% patients and smoking was present in 57.1% patients. Metastatic disease at presentation was present in 69.8% patients, while only 6.4% patients presented with stage I/II disease. Fourteen patients underwent surgery, out of which six patients underwent partial gastrectomy and remaining eight underwent total gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection. Median overall survival was 10.8 months (8.8–12.8) and 2-year overall survival was 15.1%.
Conclusion Incidence of stomach cancer in young patients is more than expected and more than global average in India. Most of these young patients are presenting in advanced stage and survival is poor compared with typical aged patients
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Varun Goel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Parveen Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Chaturbhuj Agarwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Ankush Jajodia
- Department of Radiology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Talwar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Amrit BP
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Srujana Joga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra Doval
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Pasricha
- Department of Pathology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre (RGCIRC), New Delhi, India
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Akbari A, Ashtari S, Tabaiean SP, Mehrdad‐Majd H, Farsi F, Shojaee S, Agah S. Overview of epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, and risk factors of gastric cancer in Asia‐Pacific region. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:493-505. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Ashtari
- Gastroenterology and Live Diseases Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaiean
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrdad‐Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Farnaz Farsi
- Department of Nutrition School of public health Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Shojaee
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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19
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Chittawadagi B, Nayak SK, Ramakrishnan P, Kumar S, Cumar B, Natarajan R, Palanivelu PR, Chinnusamy P. Laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer: Postoperative outcomes and long-term survival analysis. Asian J Endosc Surg 2021; 14:707-716. [PMID: 33605064 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data on laparoscopic treatment of operable gastric cancer from India is sparse. This study aims to document outcomes of laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy in an Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy for operable advanced gastric cancer between February 2012 and January 2017 were collected from electronic hospital records supplemented by telephonic interviews and analyzed. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis curves. RESULTS In total 121 patients were included. Conversion to open gastrectomy was 5.7%. One hundred and fourteen patients (73 laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy and 41 laparoscopic total gastrectomy) were included for analysis. D2 lymphadenectomy was done in all cases; mean number of dissected lymph nodes was 23.12 ± 9.14 (12-45). Major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade III and IV) was seen in 6.1% of cases with reoperation rate of 3.5% (4/114). Stage 3 disease was seen in 60.6% cases and stage 2 disease in 32.5%. Follow-up data were available for 76.3% of patients with mean follow-up of 29.5 months. Overall survival across all stages was 38.7 months. Five-year disease-free survival and overall survival were 36.7% and 55.9% respectively, across all stages. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy is safe, feasible with similar postoperative complications and comparable survival outcomes across all stages when compared to available literature on open gastrectomy cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhushan Chittawadagi
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Sunil K Nayak
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Saravana Kumar
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Bharath Cumar
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Ramesh Natarajan
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Praveen R Palanivelu
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
| | - Palanivelu Chinnusamy
- Division of Esophago-Gastric Surgery, GEM Hospital and Research Center, Coimbatore, India
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20
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Duan F, Song C, Shi J, Wang P, Ye H, Dai L, Zhang J, Wang K. Identification and epidemiological evaluation of gastric cancer risk factors: based on a field synopsis and meta-analysis in Chinese population. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21451-21469. [PMID: 34491229 PMCID: PMC8457565 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To summarize and assess the credibility and strength of non-genetic factors and genetic variation on gastric cancer risk, we performed a field synopsis and meta-analysis to identify the risk of gastric cancer in Chinese population. Cumulative evidence was graded according to the Venice criteria, and attributable risk percentage (ARP) and population attributable risk percentage (PARP) were used to evaluate the epidemiological effect. A total of 956 studies included non-genetic (404 studies) and genetic factors (552 studies) were quantified, and data on 1161 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were available. We identified 14 non-genetic factors were significantly associated with gastric cancer risk. For the analysis of time trends, H. pylori infection rate in gastric cancer and population showed a downward trend. Meanwhile 22 variants were identified significantly associated with gastric cancer: 3 (PLCE1 rs2274223, PSCA rs2976392, MUC1 rs4072037) were high and 19 SNPs were intermediate level of summary evidence, respectively. For non-genetic factors, the top three for ARP were 54.75% (pickled food), 65.87% (stomach disease), and 49.75% (smoked and frying). For PARP were 34.22% (pickled food), 34.24% (edible hot food) and 23.66%(H. pylori infection). On the basis of ARP and PARP associated with SNPs of gastric cancer, the top three for ARP were 53.91% (NAT2, rs1799929),53.05% (NAT2 phenotype), and 42.85% (IL-10, rs1800896). For PARP (Chinese Han in Beijing) were 36.96% (VDR, rs731236), 25.58% (TGFBR2, rs3773651) and 20.56% (MUC1, rs4072037). Our study identified non-genetic risk factors and high-quality biomarkers of gastric cancer susceptibility and their contribution to gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiao Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Medical Research Office, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Liping Dai
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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21
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Basak D, Jamal Z, Ghosh A, Mondal PK, Dey Talukdar P, Ghosh S, Ghosh Roy B, Ghosh R, Halder A, Chowdhury A, Dhali GK, Chattopadhyay BK, Saha ML, Basu A, Roy S, Mukherjee C, Biswas NK, Chatterji U, Datta S. Reciprocal interplay between asporin and decorin: Implications in gastric cancer prognosis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255915. [PMID: 34379688 PMCID: PMC8357146 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective patient prognosis necessitates identification of novel tumor promoting drivers of gastric cancer (GC) which contribute to worsened conditions by analysing TCGA-gastric adenocarcinoma dataset. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans, asporin (ASPN) and decorin (DCN), play overlapping roles in development and diseases; however, the mechanisms underlying their interplay remain elusive. Here, we investigated the complex interplay of asporin, decorin and their interaction with TGFβ in GC tumor and corresponding normal tissues. The mRNA levels, protein expressions and cellular localizations of ASPN and DCN were analyzed using real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The protein-protein interaction was predicted by in-silico interaction analysis and validated by co-immunoprecipitation assay. The correlations between ASPN and EMT proteins, VEGF and collagen were achieved using western blot analysis. A significant increase in expression of ASPN in tumor tissue vs. normal tissue was observed in both TCGA and our patient cohort. DCN, an effective inhibitor of the TGFβ pathway, was negatively correlated with stages of GC. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that DCN binds with TGFβ, in normal gastric epithelium, whereas in GC, ASPN preferentially binds TGFβ. Possible activation of the canonical TGFβ pathway by phosphorylation of SMAD2 in tumor tissues suggests its role as an intracellular tumor promoter. Furthermore, tissues expressing ASPN showed unregulated EMT signalling. Our study uncovers ASPN as a GC-promoting gene and DCN as tumor suppressor, suggesting that ASPN can act as a prognostic marker in GC. For the first time, we describe the physical interaction of TGFβ with ASPN in GC and DCN with TGFβ in GC and normal gastric epithelium respectively. This study suggests that prevention of ASPN-TGFβ interaction or overexpression of DCN could serve as promising therapeutic strategies for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipjit Basak
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Zarqua Jamal
- Cancer Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
| | | | | | - Semanti Ghosh
- Crystallography and Molecular Biology Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ranajoy Ghosh
- The School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Aniket Halder
- The School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhijit Chowdhury
- The School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Gopal Krishna Dhali
- The School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Makhan Lal Saha
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abhimanyu Basu
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sukanta Roy
- The School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Urmi Chatterji
- Cancer Research Lab, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Shalini Datta
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail:
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22
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Bhat G. Retrospective study of oxaliplatin, leucovarin and 5 fluoruracil regimen in patients with advanced gastric cancer with poor performance status: A study at a tertiary center of South India. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 7:223-225. [PMID: 30430088 PMCID: PMC6190397 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_1_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer in south India. Gastric cancer is frequently diagnosed in locally advanced or metastatic setting in Indian scenario and has a poor survival. There is no standard chemotherapy regimen which can be used in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the clinical activity and toxicity of oxaliplatin with infusional 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin administered every 3 weeks in patients with locally advanced and inoperable gastric cancer. Patients and Methods In this retrospective study, the case records of 25 patients who have received OLF regimen were analyzed. Results The median number of cycles for patients was 6 (range: 4-12 cycles). Overall response rate was 36%, with all patients having stable disease. Median survival of patients was 6 months (7 months in locally advanced). Compared to other regimens, there was less toxicity (less hematologic toxicity, less nausea and vomiting, no hair loss, no renal toxicity, no hand foot syndrome, and lesser admissions). Conclusions OLF regimen is an acceptable regimen in poor performance status AGC patients with adequate response and an acceptable toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guruprasad Bhat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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23
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Hsu LW, Huang KH, Chen MH, Fang WL, Chao Y, Lo SS, Li AFY, Wu CW, Shyr YM. Genetic alterations in gastric cancer patients according to sex. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:376-388. [PMID: 33288737 PMCID: PMC7835020 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To date, few reports have investigated the genetic alterations and clinicopathological features in gastric cancer (GC) according to sex. In total, 2673 GC patients receiving curative surgery were enrolled. Among the 2673 GC patients, 1979 (74.0%) patients were male. After propensity-score matching, 846 patients were enrolled for the analysis, including 423 males and 423 females. There was no significant difference in the clinicopathological features between the sexes. Regarding the initial recurrence pattern, the males were more likely to develop tumor recurrence and liver metastasis than the females, especially in stage III GC. Regarding the molecular analysis, the males had higher PD-L1 expression than the females, especially in stage III GC. In addition, the patients aged ≥ 65 years had higher PD-L1 expression than the patients younger than 65 years. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that sex was among the independent prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Among the patients with liver metastases, PD-L1 expression was more common among the aged male patients. The males were associated with more tumor recurrence and higher PD-L1 expression than the females, especially in stage III GC. For GC patients with liver metastases, PD-L1 testing is recommended, especially among aged male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wen Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hung Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Fang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee Chao
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Su-Shun Lo
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Anna Fen-Yau Li
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chew-Wun Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Shyr
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Ambad RS, Koundal P, Singh A, Jha RK. Association between Glutathione-S-Transferase and Gastric Carcinoma: A Case Control Study. JOURNAL OF EVOLUTION OF MEDICAL AND DENTAL SCIENCES 2020; 9:2783-2786. [DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2020/606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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25
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Amrani Hassani Joutei H, Mahfoud W, Sadaoui I, Fechtali T, Benomar H. [Study of epidemiological clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma in a Moroccan population]. Ann Pathol 2020; 40:442-446. [PMID: 32532470 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stomach cancer is essentially represented by gastric adenocarcinomas. It remains one of the world's top ten causes of death with a poor prognosis. The aim of our work is to describe the epidemiological characteristics of gastric adenocarcinoma through a retrospective, observational study over a period of one year. One hundred and twenty one cases were sent to the Pathology Laboratory of the IPM-Casablanca, 98 were selected for this study. There was a male predominance. Patients aged over 50 years represented the predominant age group (62%) (P-value=0.03). The average tumor size was 5,17±2,16cm, and most patients were diagnosed in the advanced TNM stage with a rate of 72.44%. In the absence of specific symptoms, gastric adenocarcinoma is a cancer of elderly, frequently diagnosed at a late stage, minimizing the chances of any curable treatment. The adoption of a screening policy in our area would probably be beneficial. Indeed, the benefit of annual screening at least among people aged over 50 years should be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Amrani Hassani Joutei
- Laboratoire d'anatomo-histo-pathologie, institut Pasteur-du-Maroc, 1, rue Louis-Pasteur, B.P. 20100 Casablanca, Maroc; Laboratoire de neurosciences pathologies intégrées et substances naturelles, faculté des sciences et techniques, B.P. 650 Mohammedia, Maroc.
| | - W Mahfoud
- Laboratoire d'anatomo-histo-pathologie, institut Pasteur-du-Maroc, 1, rue Louis-Pasteur, B.P. 20100 Casablanca, Maroc; Laboratoire de biologie et santé URAC 34, faculté des sciences Ben'Msik, B.P. 7955 Casablanca, Maroc
| | - I Sadaoui
- Laboratoire d'anatomo-histo-pathologie, institut Pasteur-du-Maroc, 1, rue Louis-Pasteur, B.P. 20100 Casablanca, Maroc; Laboratoire de génétique médicale, faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, B.P. 915 Casablanca, Maroc
| | - T Fechtali
- Laboratoire de neurosciences pathologies intégrées et substances naturelles, faculté des sciences et techniques, B.P. 650 Mohammedia, Maroc
| | - H Benomar
- Laboratoire d'anatomo-histo-pathologie, institut Pasteur-du-Maroc, 1, rue Louis-Pasteur, B.P. 20100 Casablanca, Maroc
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26
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Leveraging High-Quality Research to Define the Gastric Cancer Landscape in India. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 11:334-336. [PMID: 33013106 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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27
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Purkayastha J, Yadav J, Talukdar A, Das G, Pegu N, Madhav S, Singh PR, Mamidala V. Radical Gastrectomy: Still the Gold Standard Treatment for Gastric Cancer-Our Experience from a Tertiary Care Center from Northeast India. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 11:66-70. [PMID: 32205973 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-019-00990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is common in the northeast and southern parts of India. Radical surgery is the cornerstone of treatment and offers the only chance for cure. This study was conducted to assess the outcomes of all resectable gastric cancers that presented to our tertiary cancer center in Northeast India. All patients undergoing upfront surgery for gastric cancer with curative intention between 2012 and 2017 were included in the study. A total of 116 patients who underwent upfront radical gastrectomy were included in the study. Males (58.6%) were more common than females (41.4%). Mean age at presentation was 56.12 years (range 26-89). The most common mode of presentation was pain abdomen (53.8%). The most common location of tumor was the distal part (81%) followed by the proximal part (10.3%). The most commonly done procedure was distal radical gastrectomy (56.9%) followed by subtotal gastrectomy (32.8%). Median number of lymph nodes isolated was 14. Fifty-four patients received adjuvant chemotherapy while 32 patients received adjuvant chemoradiation (CTRT). At a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 2-78 months), overall 5-year survival was 23.75% (mean survival 33.77 months, median survival 24 months). The 5-year survival for stages I-III was 100%, 26.25%, and 11.25%, respectively (P < 0.001). Though perioperative chemotherapy has a role in gastric cancer, it is not the substitute for radical D2 gastrectomy which is still the gold standard treatment especially in high-volume centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeep Purkayastha
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Jitin Yadav
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Abhijit Talukdar
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Gaurav Das
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Niju Pegu
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Srishti Madhav
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental College, Azamgarh, India
| | - Pritesh R Singh
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
| | - Vinay Mamidala
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Gopinath Nagar, Guwahati, 781016 India
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28
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Surgery for Gastric Cancer: State of the Art. Indian J Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-019-02061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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29
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Clinicopathological Study of Gastric Carcinoma with Special Reference to Helicobacter pylori. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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30
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Ethiraj D, Indiran V, Kanakaraj K, Madhuraimuthu P. Trousseau's sign in the left internal jugular vein in gastric cancer. Indian J Cancer 2019; 55:415-416. [PMID: 30829282 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_321_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dillibabu Ethiraj
- Department of Radiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatraman Indiran
- Department of Radiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannan Kanakaraj
- Department of Radiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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31
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Chelakkot PG, Ravind R, Sruthi K, Menon D. Treatment in resectable non-metastatic adenocarcinoma of stomach: Changing paradigms. Indian J Cancer 2019; 56:74-80. [PMID: 30950450 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_375_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant treatment in gastric adenocarcinoma has been a challenge for the treating specialists, and despite several trials, a clear consensus is yet to be defined. The higher propensity for lymph nodal involvement and locoregional recurrences led to the hypothesis that locoregional and systemic treatments need to be equally aggressive to achieve better outcomes in the management of gastric adenocarcinoma. Regional, ethnic, and biological differences between the Eastern and Western population are also found to reflect in the tumor behavior and its response to treatment. The MAGIC (Medical Research Council Adjuvant Gastric Infusional Chemotherapy), Intergroup 0116, ACTS-GC (Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trial of S-1 for Gastric Cancer), CLASSIC (Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin Adjuvant Study in Stomach Cancer), ARTIST (Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Stomach Cancer), and the recently published CRITICS (Chemoradiotherapy after Induction Chemotherapy in Cancer of the Stomach) trials were a few of the randomized controlled trials that tried to give a clearer perspective of this tumor, though it still remains a dilemma. A study incorporating the tumor and demographic factors along with the availability of skilled talent and resources might generate an answer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prameela G Chelakkot
- Department of Oncology, Sevana Hospital and Research Centre, Pattambi, Palakkad District, Kerala, India
| | - Rahul Ravind
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Sruthi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Durgapoorna Menon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Aster Hospital, Cochin, Kerala, India
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32
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Ramachandra, Goel V, Raju K, Rao TS, Patnaik, Nusrath, Santa, Murthy S. Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Primary Surgery Versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery in Gastric Carcinoma. Indian J Surg Oncol 2019; 10:245-250. [PMID: 31168243 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-019-00908-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer can treat micro metastatic disease and can increase the resectability rate. The trial was to compare early outcomes after primary surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in gastric adenocarcinoma. The primary aim of the study was to compare resectability and R0 resection rates in upfront surgery v/s chemotherapy followed by surgery arm. A secondary aim was to see if neoadjuvant chemotherapy is well tolerated or not by comparing postoperative morbidity and mortality. The study consisted of 60 consecutive patients of carcinoma stomach randomized into primary surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery arms. Morbidity, pathological status, and mortality data were collected and analyzed. Mean operating time in primary surgery arm was 290 ± 46.5 min, while in NACTarm, it was 316.7 ± 56.6 min, respectively. When postop complications were compared between the arms, it was not significant. Comparing the histopathological report of two groups, there was no significant difference between differentiated, T stage, mean lymph node harvest, R0 resection, PNI, and LVI. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed a trend towards improving in the R0 resection rate. There is no increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vipin Goel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kvvn Raju
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - T Subramanyeshwar Rao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Patnaik
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nusrath
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sudha Murthy
- Department of Pathology, Basavatarakam Indo American Hospital, Road no 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India
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33
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The burden of cancers and their variations across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2016. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19:1289-1306. [PMID: 30219626 PMCID: PMC6167407 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(18)30447-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Previous efforts to report estimates of cancer incidence and mortality in India and its different parts include the National Cancer Registry Programme Reports, Sample Registration System cause of death findings, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Series, and GLOBOCAN. We present a comprehensive picture of the patterns and time trends of the burden of total cancer and specific cancer types in each state of India estimated as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 because such a systematic compilation is not readily available. Methods We used all accessible data from multiple sources, including 42 population-based cancer registries and the nationwide Sample Registration System of India, to estimate the incidence of 28 types of cancer in every state of India from 1990 to 2016 and the deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) caused by them, as part of GBD 2016. We present incidence, DALYs, and death rates for all cancers together, and the trends of all types of cancers, highlighting the heterogeneity in the burden of specific types of cancers across the states of India. We also present the contribution of major risk factors to cancer DALYs in India. Findings 8·3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 7·9–8·6) of the total deaths and 5·0% (4·6–5·5) of the total DALYs in India in 2016 were due to cancer, which was double the contribution of cancer in 1990. However, the age-standardised incidence rate of cancer did not change substantially during this period. The age-standardised cancer DALY rate had a 2·6 times variation across the states of India in 2016. The ten cancers responsible for the highest proportion of cancer DALYs in India in 2016 were stomach (9·0% of the total cancer DALYs), breast (8·2%), lung (7·5%), lip and oral cavity (7·2%), pharynx other than nasopharynx (6·8%), colon and rectum (5·8%), leukaemia (5·2%), cervical (5·2%), oesophageal (4·3%), and brain and nervous system (3·5%) cancer. Among these cancers, the age-standardised incidence rate of breast cancer increased significantly by 40·7% (95% UI 7·0–85·6) from 1990 to 2016, whereas it decreased for stomach (39·7%; 34·3–44·0), lip and oral cavity (6·4%; 0·4–18·6), cervical (39·7%; 26·5–57·3), and oesophageal cancer (31·2%; 27·9–34·9), and leukaemia (16·1%; 4·3–24·2). We found substantial inter-state heterogeneity in the age-standardised incidence rate of the different types of cancers in 2016, with a 3·3 times to 11·6 times variation for the four most frequent cancers (lip and oral, breast, lung, and stomach). Tobacco use was the leading risk factor for cancers in India to which the highest proportion (10·9%) of cancer DALYs could be attributed in 2016. Interpretation The substantial heterogeneity in the state-level incidence rate and health loss trends of the different types of cancer in India over this 26-year period should be taken into account to strengthen infrastructure and human resources for cancer prevention and control at both the national and state levels. These efforts should focus on the ten cancers contributing the highest DALYs in India, including cancers of the stomach, lung, pharynx other than nasopharynx, colon and rectum, leukaemia, oesophageal, and brain and nervous system, in addition to breast, lip and oral cavity, and cervical cancer, which are currently the focus of screening and early detection programmes. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; and Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
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Dhakal OP, Dhakal M. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection & pattern of gastrointestinal involvement in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Sikkim. Indian J Med Res 2018; 147:517-520. [PMID: 30082578 PMCID: PMC6094510 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1482_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O P Dhakal
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok 737 102, Sikkim, India
| | - Mona Dhakal
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok 737 102, Sikkim, India
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Pandey A, Tripathi SC, Shukla S, Mahata S, Vishnoi K, Misra SP, Misra V, Mitra S, Dwivedi M, Bharti AC. Differentially localized survivin and STAT3 as markers of gastric cancer progression: Association with Helicobacter pylori. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2018; 1:e1004. [PMID: 32729225 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localization and differential expression of STAT3 and survivin in cancer cells are often related to distinct cellular functions. The involvement of survivin and STAT3 in gastric cancer has been reported in separate studies but without clear understanding of their kinetics in cancer progression. METHODS We examined intracellular distribution of STAT3 and survivin in gastric adenocarcinoma and compared it with normal and precancer tissues using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Analysis of a total of 156 gastric samples comprising 61 histologically normal, 30 precancerous tissues (comprising intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia), and 65 adenocarcinomas, collected as endoscopic biopsies from treatment naïve study participants, revealed a significant (P < .001) increase in overall protein levels. Survivin expression was detectable in both cytoplasmic (90.8%) and nuclear (87.7%) compartments in gastric adenocarcinomas lesions. Precancerous dysplastic gastric lesions exhibited a moderate survivin expression (56.7%) localized in cytoplasmic compartment. Similarly, STAT3 and pSTAT3 expression was detected at high level in gastric cancer lesions. The levels of compartmentalized expression of survivin and STAT3/pSTAT3 correlated in precancerous and adenocarcinoma lesions. Although overexpression of these proteins was found associated with the tobacco use and alcohol consumption, their expression invariably and strongly correlated with concurrent Helicobacter pylori infection. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of nuclear survivin, STAT3, and pSTAT3 in different study groups showed acceptable positive and negative predictive values with area under the curve above 0.8 (P < .001). CONCLUSION Overall, our results suggest that overall increase in survivin and STAT3 and their subcellular localization are key determinants of gastric cancer progression, which can be collectively used as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Pandey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA.,Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Shirish Shukla
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sutapa Mahata
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Division of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kanchan Vishnoi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sri Prakash Misra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vatsala Misra
- Department of Pathology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manisha Dwivedi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Moti Lal Nehru Medical College, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok C Bharti
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Yusefi AR, Bagheri Lankarani K, Bastani P, Radinmanesh M, Kavosi Z. Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:591-603. [PMID: 29579788 PMCID: PMC5980829 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.3.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with many influences contributing to the disease. The aim of this study was to identify the most important risk factors. Methods: This study was conducted in 2017 with a structured overview in the Science Directe, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science (ISI) databases. In the first step, articles were extracted based on their titles and abstracts; the quality of 43 articles was evaluated using the STORBE tool. Inclusion criteria were studies carried out on human, English language (first step), year of the study and the study type (second step). Results: Finally, 1,381 articles were found, of which 1,269 were excluded in primary and secondary screening. In reviewing the references of the remaining 44 papers, 4 studies were added. Finally, 43 articles were selected for the quality assessment process. A total of 52 risk factors for gastric cancer were identified and classified into nine important categories: diet, lifestyle, genetic predisposition, family history, treatment and medical conditions, infections, demographic characteristics, occupational exposures and ionizing radiation’. Conclusion: Several environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development of gastric cancer. Regarding the role of changes in ‘diet and lifestyle’, considering appropriate nutrition and improving the level of education and awareness of people is vital for early diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease, especially in people with a family history and genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Yusefi
- Student Research Committee, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Hazrat-e Aliasghar Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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TGFβ C-509T, TGFβ T869C, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, IKBα C642T, IL4 C-590T Genetic polymorphisms combined with socio-economic, lifestyle, diet factors and gastric cancer risk: A case control study in South Indian population. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 53:21-26. [PMID: 29353152 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is worldwide the third major cause of cancer related death. Risk factors for gastric cancer includes Helicobacter pylori infection, gastric ulcer, less hygienic condition, use of tobacco, alcohol consumption, use of salted, smoked food, genetic alterations etc. In order to identify the risk factors associated with gastric cancer in South Indian population a case-control study involving 200 proven gastric cancer cases and 400 controls was conducted. METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to interview all the subjects who participated in our study. Genotyping assay was performed using Taqman allelic discrimination assay for 5 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)-TGFβ C-509T, TGFβ T869C, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, IkBα C642T and IL4C-590T. RESULTS Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Statistical analysis on socio-economic factors, lifestyle factors had showed that subjects from low socio economic status, use of tobacco and consumption of non-vegetarian food had increased risk of developing gastric cancer. Multi-factorial analysis for the SNPs adjusting for the risk factors obtained in this study showed that TGFΒ C-509T TT genotypes had four fold increased risk of gastric cancer (OR = 4.11, CI = 1.02-16.56) and TGFβ T869C CC genotype had a decreased risk of gastric cancer (OR = 0.21, CI = 0.05-0.85). CONCLUSION Economic status, tobacco use and food habits play a significant role in gastric cancer development. TT genotype for TGFβ C-509T had an increased risk and CC genotype for TGFβ T869C had a decreased risk of gastric cancer in south Indian population after adjusting for socio-economic factors and lifestyle factors.
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Paknazar F, Mahmoudi M, Mohammad K, Zeraati H, Mansournia MA, Yaseri M. Postoperative cure in Iranian patients with gastric cancer: estimating the crude conditional probability in a relative survival setting in the presence of competing risks. ASIAN BIOMED 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/abm-2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Following treatment, cancer patients may be clinically cured. However, they may die for reasons other than cancer, called competing risks.
Objective
To estimate postoperative cure while considering the competing risks in Iranian patients with gastric cancer.
Method
Data were obtained from the Cancer Institute of Imam Hospital in Tehran. The analysis was conducted within the framework of relative survival by fitting the data to a flexible parametric cure model, taking into account the competing risks using general population data by adjusting for age, sex, and year of diagnosis.
Results
Of the 326 patients (224 male and 102 female) whose data were included, 235 deaths (72.1%) occurred during the follow-up period. The probability of conditional cure in terms of crude ratios of dying from causes other than gastric cancer in the surviving patients increased with the passage of time, and the slope of excess mortality approached almost 0 after 7 years. The estimated cure ratios showed a variation from 69% for 50-year-old men with diagnosis at early stages (I and II) to 3% for 80-year-old women with diagnosis at stage IV.
Conclusion
The ratio of patients in Iran who were estimated to die from cancer reduced significantly with the passage of time following the diagnosis, and the statistical cure point was estimated to be 7 years after diagnosis. However, aging was shown to be inversely associated. Although the same trend was observed in both sexes, we showed that men were statistically more likely to reach the cure point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Paknazar
- Nursing Care Research Center , Semnan University of Medical Sciences , Semnan , Iran
| | - Mahmood Mahmoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Kazem Mohammad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Hojjat Zeraati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Ghosh S, Bankura B, Ghosh S, Saha ML, Pattanayak AK, Ghatak S, Guha M, Nachimuthu SK, Panda CK, Maji S, Chakraborty S, Maity B, Das M. Polymorphisms in ADH1B and ALDH2 genes associated with the increased risk of gastric cancer in West Bengal, India. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:782. [PMID: 29166882 PMCID: PMC5700676 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed digestive tract cancers and carries a high risk of mortality. Acetaldehyde (AA), a carcinogenic intermediate of ethanol metabolism contributes to the risk of GC. The accumulation of AA largely depends on the activity of the major metabolic enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase encoded by the ADH (ADH1 gene cluster: ADH1A, ADH1B and ADH1C) and ALDH2 genes, respectively. This study aimed to evaluate the association between genetic variants in these genes and GC risk in West Bengal, India. METHODS We enrolled 105 GC patients (cases), and their corresponding sex, age and ethnicity was matched to 108 normal individuals (controls). Genotyping for ADH1A (rs1230025), ADH1B (rs3811802, rs1229982, rs1229984, rs6413413, rs4147536, rs2066702 and rs17033), ADH1C (rs698) and ALDH2 (rs886205, rs968529, rs16941667 and rs671) was performed using DNA sequencing and RFLP. RESULTS Genotype and allele frequency analysis of these SNPs revealed that G allele of rs17033 is a risk allele (A vs G: OR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.54-8.75, p = 0.002) for GC. Significant association was also observed between rs671 and incidence of GC (p = 0.003). Moreover, smokers having the Lys allele of rs671 had a 7-fold increased risk of acquiring the disease (OR = 7.58, 95% CI = 1.34-42.78, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION In conclusion, rs17033 of ADH1B and rs671 of ALDH2 SNPs were associated with GC risk and smoking habit may further modify the effect of rs671. Conversely, rs4147536 of ADH1B might have a protective role in our study population. Additional studies with a larger patient population are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudakshina Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Biswabandhu Bankura
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Soumee Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Makhan Lal Saha
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, 244 A.J.C Bose Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 020 India
| | - Arup Kumar Pattanayak
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Souvik Ghatak
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Tanhril, P.O Box No. 190, Aizawl, Mizoram India
| | - Manalee Guha
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Senthil Kumar Nachimuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Tanhril, P.O Box No. 190, Aizawl, Mizoram India
| | - Chinmoy Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation and Viral Associated Human Cancer, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700026 India
| | - Suvendu Maji
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, 244 A.J.C Bose Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 020 India
| | - Subrata Chakraborty
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Biswanath Maity
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
| | - Madhusudan Das
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019 India
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Fehim S, Bouhaous R, Diaf M, Drici AM, Khaled MB. Epidemiological profile of gastric cancer in the northwestern region of Algeria: about 116 cases. J Gastrointest Oncol 2017; 8:659-664. [PMID: 28890816 PMCID: PMC5582047 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2017.06.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) remains a public health issue despite the global incidence decrease over the last decades. GC is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and stills of poor prognosis due to its late detection. The overall objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological aspects of stomach cancer. However, the specific purpose was to determine the gastric precancerous lesions among patients with histologically confirmed GC admitted at the gastroenterology department of the University Hospital of Sidi-Bel-Abbes city, Algeria. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the patients' medical records admitted from 2010 to 2015. Intended for the statistical analysis of the enrolled data, we executed Student t-test and Chi-squared test, significance level was set at 5%. Histologic evidence objectified the biopsies performed during endoscopy; Hematoxylin and Eosin staining as well as the slides interpretation were executed at the level of the pathology department as a routine examination. RESULTS 116 cases of GC were recorded. The mean age of the whole studied cohort was 58.96±14.75 years. We reported a sex ratio of 1.36 with a peak frequency observed in male gender (57.76%). Gastric precancerous lesions, as well as tumor histology, and topography were revealed. In our context, adenocarcinoma was significantly higher among male patients and linitis plastica was expressively related to female gender (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS Management of gastric precancerous lesions additionally to early diagnosis represent effective preventive and therapeutic methods of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia Fehim
- Department of Biology, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
| | - Racheda Bouhaous
- Department of Biology, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
| | - Mustapha Diaf
- Department of Biology, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
- Biotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
| | - Amine Mokhtar Drici
- Department of Biology, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
| | - Meghit Boumediene Khaled
- Department of Biology, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
- Biotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi bel Abbes, Algeria
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Goda V, Jayaraman M, Loganathan R, Nazeer M, Ali M, Karunakaran P, Devaraju P. TLR5 Polymorphisms rs2072493, rs5744174, and rs5744168 Are Not Genetic Risk Factors for Chronic Helicobacter pylori Infection in Indian Tamils. Immunol Invest 2017; 46:537-543. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1319381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Goda
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Megala Jayaraman
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Rekha Loganathan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Mehnaz Nazeer
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Premkumar Karunakaran
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Panneer Devaraju
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
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A Review on Dietary and Non-Dietary Risk Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2017; 47:247-54. [PMID: 27270712 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-016-9845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a complex disease involving neoplasm of abnormal cells leading to development of tumor cells. Gene mutations result in aberrant gene expression, which is the major cause observed in all the cancers. The GLOBOCAN 2012 reported the highest age-standardized rates for cancer of the colorectum followed by stomach, liver, and esophagus, which are gastrointestinal cancers, and the new cases also followed the same order across the globe. Various risk factors are associated with different types of cancer which can be classified as dietary and non-dietary risk factors. The dietary risk factors include diet, alcohol, and nutrient deficiencies, whereas the non-dietary risk factors of cancers are tobacco, lifestyle choices, certain infections, occupational exposures, and environmental factors. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to focus on the dietary and non-dietary risk factors linked to gastrointestinal cancers, which could be beneficial in clinical decision-making.
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Franklyn J, George SV, Yacob M, Abraham V, Chandran S, Sebastian T, Samarasam I. Surgical Outcomes Associated with Operable Gastric Cancer in a Tertiary Care Indian Hospital. J Gastric Cancer 2017; 17:63-73. [PMID: 28337364 PMCID: PMC5362835 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2017.17.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Data on operable gastric cancer from India is sparse. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical details, histopathological demographics, and 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) associated with operable, non-metastatic gastric cancer in a dedicated upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgical unit in India. Materials and Methods Data for patients diagnosed with operable gastric cancer between January 2006 and December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Data were collected from electronic hospital records in addition to mail and telephonic interviews when possible. Results A total of 427 patients were included. The tumor was located in the pyloro-antral region in 263 patients (61.7%). Subtotal gastrectomy was performed in 291 patients and total gastrectomy in 136 patients. Tumor stage classification revealed 43 patients (10.0%) with stage I, 40 patients (9.4%) with stage IIA, 59 patients (13.9%) with stage IIB, 76 patients (17.8%) with stage IIIA, 96 patients (22.5%) with stage IIIB, and 113 patients (26.4%) with stage IIIC disease. Follow-up data were available for 71.6% of the patients with a mean duration of 32.4 months. Five-year DFS and OS were 39% and 59%, respectively. Conclusions Despite presenting at an advanced stage, the 5-year DFS and OS of patients with operable gastric cancer treated at a dedicated upper GI unit of a tertiary care center in India was good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Franklyn
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Sam V George
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Myla Yacob
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Vijay Abraham
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Sudhakar Chandran
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Tunny Sebastian
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - Inian Samarasam
- Upper GI Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery Unit 3, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
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Malvia S, Bagadi SA, Dubey US, Saxena S. Epidemiology of breast cancer in Indian women. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2017; 13:289-295. [PMID: 28181405 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer has ranked number one cancer among Indian females with age adjusted rate as high as 25.8 per 100,000 women and mortality 12.7 per 100,000 women. Data reports from various latest national cancer registries were compared for incidence, mortality rates. The age adjusted incidence rate of carcinoma of the breast was found as high as 41 per 100,000 women for Delhi, followed by Chennai (37.9), Bangalore (34.4) and Thiruvananthapuram District (33.7). A statistically significant increase in age adjusted rate over time (1982-2014) in all the PBCRs namely Bangalore (annual percentage change: 2.84%), Barshi (1.87%), Bhopal (2.00%), Chennai (2.44%), Delhi (1.44%) and Mumbai (1.42%) was observed. Mortality-to-incidence ratio was found to be as high as 66 in rural registries whereas as low as 8 in urban registries. Besides this young age has been found as a major risk factor for breast cancer in Indian women. Breast cancer projection for India during time periods 2020 suggests the number to go as high as 1797900. Better health awareness and availability of breast cancer screening programmes and treatment facilities would cause a favorable and positive clinical picture in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreshtha Malvia
- National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Uma S Dubey
- Birla institute of Technology, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunita Saxena
- National Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India
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Patel TN, Roy S, Ravi R. Gastric cancer and related epigenetic alterations. Ecancermedicalscience 2017; 11:714. [PMID: 28144288 PMCID: PMC5243136 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2017.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a malignant and highly proliferative condition, has significantly affected a large population around the globe and is known to be caused by various factors including genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences. Though the global trend of these cancers is declining, an increase in its frequency is still a threat because of changing lifestyles and dietary habits. However, genetic and epigenetic alterations related to gastric cancers also have an equivalent contribution towards carcinogenic development. DNA methylation is one of the major forms of epigenetic modification which plays a significant role in gastric carcinogenesis. Methylation leads to inactivation of some of the most important genes like DNA repair genes, cell cycle regulators, apoptotic genes, transcriptional regulators, and signalling pathway regulators; which subsequently cause uncontrolled proliferation of cells. Mutations in these genes can be used as suitable prognostic markers for early diagnosis of the disease, since late diagnosis of gastric cancers has a huge negative impact on overall patient survival. In this review, we focus on the important epigenetic mutations that contribute to the development of gastric cancer and the molecular pathogenesis underlying each of them. Methylation, acetylation, and histone modifications play an integral role in the onset of genomic instability, one of the many contributory factors to gastric cancer. This article also covers the constraints of incomplete knowledge of epigenetic factors influencing gastric cancer, thus throwing light on our understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti N Patel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Soumyadipta Roy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Revathi Ravi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Shrikhande S, Bhandare M, Kumar N, Batra S, Chaudhari V. Radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at Tata Memorial Hospital. Indian J Cancer 2017; 54:605-608. [DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_665_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Oh S, Kim N, Kwon JW, Shin CM, Choi YJ, Lee DH, Jung HC. Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication and ABO Genotype on Gastric Cancer Development. Helicobacter 2016; 21:596-605. [PMID: 27191536 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is lacking regarding how Helicobacter pylori infection status, eradication history, and ABO blood type affect the development of gastric cancer (GC) given the multifactorial and distinctive etiology according to cancer location (noncardia vs cardia) and histologic type (intestinal vs diffuse-type). We evaluated the effect of H. pylori infection status incorporated with H. pylori eradication history and ABO genotype on GC development according to cancer location and histologic type. METHODS A case-control study of 997 patients with noncardia GC (NCGC) and 1147 control subjects was performed using risk analyses with 14 factors including H. pylori infection with eradication history and ABO genotype. As final analyses, multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. Additionally, H. pylori infection status with eradication history was tested for its association with age, atrophic gastritis (AG), and intestinal metaplasia (IM). RESULTS The ABO genotype with the B allele was associated with a significantly lower risk of NCGC of both histologic types. The reduction in risk for NCGC by adding the B allele was more prominent in diffuse-type than that in the intestinal-type. H. pylori infection with eradication history was associated with a significantly lower risk of NCGC of both histologic types, compared with those without eradication history (odds ratio (OR), 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14-0.34) approaching that of uninfected subjects. Past infection status without an eradication history was associated with older age, AG, and IM. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori eradication and the B allele decreased the risks of the intestinal and diffuse-types of NCGC. H. pylori eradication revealed a strong association against developing NCGC. Therefore, it should be considered as a primary measure in NCGC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin-Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Chae Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Khan SA, Amnekar R, Khade B, Barreto SG, Ramadwar M, Shrikhande SV, Gupta S. p38-MAPK/MSK1-mediated overexpression of histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation defines distance-dependent prognostic value of negative resection margin in gastric cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:88. [PMID: 27588146 PMCID: PMC5007744 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in histone modifications are now well known to result in epigenetic heterogeneity in tumor tissues; however, their prognostic value and association with resection margins still remain poorly understood and controversial. Further, histopathologically negative resection margins in several cancers have been associated with better prognosis of the disease. However, in gastric cancer, despite a high rate of R0 resection, a considerably high incidence of loco-regional recurrence is observed. We believe alterations of global histone post-translational modifications could help in identifying molecular signatures for defining the true negative surgical resection margins and also the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Results The present study compares the level of H3S10ph among paired tumor and histopathologically confirmed disease-free (R0) proximal and distal surgical resection margin (PRM and DRM) tissue samples of GC patients (n = 101). Immunoblotting and immune-histochemical analysis showed a significantly (p < 0.01) higher level of H3S10ph in tumor compared to R0 surgical resection margins. Along with tumor, high H3S10ph levels in both PRM and DRM correlated with clinical parameters and poor survival. Interestingly, in the case of PRM and DRM, the association of H3S10ph with poor survival was only found in a patient group with the resection margin distance <4 cm. Further investigations revealed that the increase of H3S10ph in tumor tissues is not due to the change in cell cycle profile but rather an interphase-associated phenomenon. Moreover, an increase in ph-MSK1 and ph-p38 levels in tumor tissues and the decrease in ph-MSK1 and H3S10ph on p38 inhibition in gastric cancer cells confirmed p38-MAPK/MSK1 pathway-mediated regulation of H3S10ph in gastric cancer. Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence that p38-MAPK/MSK1-regulated increase of H3S10ph in GC is predictive of a more aggressive cancer phenotype and could help in defining true negative surgical resection margin. Importantly, our data also gave a new rationale for exploration of the use of MSK1 inhibitor in gastric cancer therapy and the combination of histone post-translational modifications, H4K16ac and H4K20me3 along with H3S10ph as epigenetic prognostic markers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0255-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafqat Ali Khan
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, MH 410210 India ; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH 400085 India
| | - Ramchandra Amnekar
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, MH 410210 India ; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH 400085 India
| | - Bharat Khade
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, MH 410210 India
| | | | - Mukta Ramadwar
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, MH 400012 India
| | - Shailesh V Shrikhande
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Service, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, MH 400012 India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Centre, Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, MH 410210 India ; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH 400085 India
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Epidemiology of Cancers in Kashmir, India: An Analysis of Hospital Data. Adv Prev Med 2016; 2016:1896761. [PMID: 27478644 PMCID: PMC4949346 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1896761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world. The aim of the present study was to measure the pattern of different cancers in Kashmir, India, a cancer belt with peculiar cancer profile. A hospital based cancer registry was started by the Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, in January 2006, wherein information was collected from cancer patients who were diagnosed and treated in the hospital. Data has been analysed for a period extending from January 2006 to December 2012. Descriptive analysis has been done by using statistical software. A total of 1598 cancer patients were admitted during this period. Overall male to female ratio was 1.33 : 1. Stomach cancer was the most commonly reported cancer (25.2%), followed by colorectal cancer (16.4%) and lung cancer (13.2%) among males. For females, colorectal cancer (16.8%), breast cancer (16.1%), and stomach cancer (10.4%) were the most frequently reported cancers in order of frequency. Tobacco related cancers contributed to more than three-fourths of cancers among men and more than half of cancers for women. There is an urgent need to set up a population based cancer registration system to understand the profile of cancers specific to this geographic region.
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Technical Feasibility and Short-Term Outcome of Intracorporeal Hand-Sewn Esophagojejunostomy After Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy: Our Experience. Indian J Surg 2016; 79:497-503. [PMID: 29217899 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-016-1509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the safety and technical feasibility of intracorporeal hand-sewn esophagojejunostomy after laparoscopic total gastrectomy. Laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) is a technically challenging procedure, especially for esophagojejunal anastomosis (EJA). Various techniques have been described to overcome these difficulties using staplers with variable results. We report successfully performed complete intracorporeal hand-sewn EJA after LTG. The perioperative clinical data and short-term outcomes for 30 patients who underwent LTG using hand-sewn EJA for gastric cancer between 2013 and 2015 have been retrospectively reviewed. The mean age was 49.9 years; 64 % of patients were male and 36 % were female. The mean body mass index (kg/m2) was 22.4, and the mean American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was 1.4. Eleven patients had co-morbidities, and six patients had previous abdominal operations. The mean operative time, time for EJA, and blood loss was 136.9 min, 13.25 min, and 166 ml, respectively. The conversion rate was nil. The mean time for the first oral feeding and mean hospital stay was 8.3 and 9.8 days respectively. The postoperative complications were found in 16 % of patients with one case of 30-day mortality because of lobar pneumonia. There were three cases of anastomotic stenosis; however, no leakage was identified both clinically and radiologically. Complete intracorporeal hand-sewn EJA is a safe and feasible technique in the hands of experienced surgeons that can be considered as an alternative cost-effective method when performing LTG.
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