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S M H, M H B, M M, S N, S B, H G, R S, F S, M M. An Empirical Transmitted EPID Dosimetry Method using a Back-Projection Algorithm. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:551-558. [PMID: 31750269 PMCID: PMC6820021 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to introduce a rapid transmission dosimetry through an electronic portal-imaging device (EPID) to achieve two-dimensional (2D) dose distribution for homogenous environments.
Material and Methods: In this Phantom study, first, the EPID calibration curve and correction coefficients for field size were obtained from EPID and ionization chamber. Second, the EPID off-axis pixel response was measured, and the grey-scale image of the EPID was converted into portal dose image using the calibration curve. Next, the scattering contribution was calculated to obtain the primary dose. Then, by means of a verified back-projection algorithm and the Scatter-to-Primary dose ratio, a 2D dose distribution at the mid-plane was obtained.
Results: The results obtained from comparing the transmitted EPID dosimetry to the calculated dose, using commercial treatment planning system with gamma function while there is 3% dose difference and 3mm distance to agreement criteria, were in a good agreement. In addition, the pass rates of γ < 1 was 94.89% for the homogeneous volumes.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the method proposed can be used in EPID dosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashemi S M
- PhD, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahreyni M H
- PhD, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadi M
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- PhD, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Nasseri S
- PhD, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bayani S
- MSC, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamhosseinian H
- PhD, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Salek R
- MD, Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shahedi F
- MSC, Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Momennezhad M
- PhD, Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
- PhD, Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammadi M, Rostampour N, Rutten TP. Modification of the gamma function for the recognition of over- and under-dose regions in three dimensions. J Med Phys 2013; 37:200-6. [PMID: 23293451 PMCID: PMC3532748 DOI: 10.4103/0971-6203.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate two-dimensional radiation dose distributions, an algorithm called the Gamma function has recently been modified. The current study concentrates on modification of the gamma function as a three-dimensional dose distribution evaluation tool, and includes the recognition of over-dose/under-dose areas. Using a sign term, the conventional gamma function separates the disagreed areas into two parts: over-dose and under-dose areas. The new gamma function was modified using an extension of the dose difference criterion, ΔD, from two dimensions into three dimensions. In order to provide two-dimensional dose maps for analysis, several images were acquired for a range of regular and irregular radiation fields using a Scanning Liquid Ionization Chamber Electronic Portal Imaging Device. The raw images were then converted into two-dimensional transmitted dose maps using an empirical method. They were utilized as reference dose maps. Translational and rotational manipulations were performed on the reference dose distribution maps to provide evaluated dose maps. The reference and evaluated dose maps were then compared using conventional and modified gamma tools. The results indicated that the modified algorithm is able to enhance the over- and under-dose regions. In addition, a slight increase of the agreement percentage for reference and evaluated dose maps were observed by the extension of ΔD to three dimensions. It is concluded that the modified method is more realistic and applicable for the evaluation of both two-dimensional and three-dimensional dose distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Physics, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia ; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia ; Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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