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Shrivastava H, Shenoy M, Sayed Abdul N, Pramod Gujjar D, Shahi AK, Dhir P, Patel BJ, Makkad RS. Immuno-histochemical evaluation of CD34 for OLP and OSMF. Bioinformation 2024; 20:358-361. [PMID: 38854764 PMCID: PMC11161887 DOI: 10.6026/973206300200358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Immuno-histochemical evaluation of CD34 in oral lichen planus (OLP) and Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is of interest to dentist.20 specimens of normal oral mucosa (buccal mucosa/gingiva tissue) from patients who had extractions performed as part of orthodontic treatment comprised Group I, the control group. Group II comprised 30 individuals with a diagnosis of oral lichen planus. 30 OSMF cases with diagnoses is Group III. These 80 specimens were all given consideration when choosing for CD34immuno-histochemical staining. The CD34 was greater in all categories of OLP and OSMF when compared to normal controls. Maximum CD34 expression was observed in erosive OLP (147.41±17.60) followed by OSMF (116.01 ±11.72) and reticular OLP (105.01±11.62). Data was statistically significant (p<0.001).Immunohistochemistry of CD34 evaluation is a potential diagnostic marker for OLP and OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Shrivastava
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh., India
| | - Mahesh Shenoy
- Department of OMFS & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine & Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, P.O. Box 84891 - Riyadh 11681, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Deepashree Pramod Gujjar
- Department of Oral pathology and Microbiology, Bapuji dental college and hospital, Davanagere-544007, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajoy Kumar Shahi
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental Institute, Rajendra institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India
| | - Preeti Dhir
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Bhumika J Patel
- Department of Dentistry, Howard University, College of Dentistry, Washington DC, USA
| | - Ramanpal Sing Makkad
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Mohapatra D, Panda S, Mohanty N, Panda S, Lewkowicz N, Lapinska B. Comparison of Immunohistochemical Markers in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Submucous Fibrosis Transformed to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11771. [PMID: 37511530 PMCID: PMC10380386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to compare the expression of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) (non-transformed group) to those of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) transformed from OSMF (transformed group). The search for comparative cross-sectional studies was carried out in PubMed and Scopus abiding to the PICO criteria, where expression of IHC markers in OSMF were compared with that of OSCC transformed from OSMF. The cellular distribution, number of positive cases, staining intensity, and mean immunoreactive score (IRS) of each IHC marker were evaluated in both groups. A total of 14 studies were included in the systematic review, in which immunoexpression of 15 epithelial and 4 connective tissue biomarkers were evaluated. Expression of β1-integrin, OCT-3, CD1a, CD207, survivin, Dickkopf-1, COX-2, hTERT, CTGF, MDM2, Ki-67, and α-SMA were increased during transformation of OSMF to OSCC. Conversely, expression of PTEN and lysyl oxidase decreased during transformation of OSMF to OSCC. Expression of a group of epithelial markers, such as COX2, hTERT, CTGF, survivin, MDM2, and p53, was 38 times lower in the non-transformed group cases compared to transformed group cases (95% CI: 58% to 10%; p = 0.01; and I2 = 90%). Meta-analysis of all markers involved in cell metabolism/apoptosis, which included β1-integrin along with the above markers also suggested 42 times lower expression in the non-transformed group as compared to the transformed group (95% CI: 58% to 10%; p = 0.01; and I2 = 90%). Sub-group analyses on cytoplasmic and nuclear epithelial markers were inconclusive. Meta-analysis of connective tissue markers was also inconclusive. No publication bias was found. Instead of delving into numerous markers without a strong basis for their use, it is advisable to further study the markers identified in this study to explore their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Mohapatra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Swagatika Panda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Neeta Mohanty
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Saurav Panda
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Natalia Lewkowicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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Kamala KA, Kanetkar SR, Datkhile KD, Sankethguddad S. Expression of p53 as Potential Biomarker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis: An Immunohistochemical Study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2023; 11:75-80. [PMID: 37448822 PMCID: PMC10337671 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is potentially malignant disorder known to transform into oral cancer. The malignant transformation is often associated with changes at the genetic level that in turn is reflected by the altered expression of proteins related to cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis. Expression of p53 tumor suppressor gene is one of the common findings in human cancers including the oral cancer. Therefore, the early detection of potentially malignant OSMF has been crucial in the inhibition of oral cancer. Aim and Objectives To determine the main pathological logical factors and expression of aberrant p53 in OSMF, oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and in normal patients, to study correlation between p53 expression with clinical staging and histological grading of OSMF. Materials and Methods An immunohistochemical (IHC) study was performed for p53 expression on 35 cases of OSMF, 10 cases of OSCC with history of habits and 10 normal patients without any habits. Results The expression of p53 showed a significant difference between normal oral mucosa, OSMF and OSCC samples. Conclusion The study demonstrated a high incidence of p53 over expression in OSMF and OSCC. The results indicate that p53 over expression may play a role in pathogenesis of OSMF and in the development of Oral squamous cell carcinoma. With early detection of the high-risk patients with OSMF, we can expect to develop more intensive treatment modalities, leading to the reduction in cancer transformation rate from OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Kamala
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata R. Kanetkar
- Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, KIMSDU, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kailash D. Datkhile
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - S. Sankethguddad
- Department of Periodontology, HKDET’S Dental College, Hospital and Reaserch Institute, Humnadad, Karnataka, India
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Kamala KA, Kanetkar SR, Datkhile KD, Sankethguddad S. Expression of Ki67 as potential biomarker in oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical study. Indian J Dent Res 2022; 33:272-276. [PMID: 36656187 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_551_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder (PMD) known to transform into oral cancer. One of the important hallmarks of malignant transformation is the uncontrolled growth rate, commonly reflected as increased cell proliferation which can be significantly detected by proliferative markers such as a high Ki-67 index. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the degree and pattern of expression of Ki67 in OSMF, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and in normal mucosal (NOM) patients and to correlate the Ki67 expression with clinical and histological grading of OSMF and OSCC patient. Materials and Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a duration of two years. An immunohistochemical study was performed for Ki76 expression on 35 cases of OSMF, 10 cases of OSCC and 10 normal mucosal patients. Statistical Analysis Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Chi-squared test was used to analyse the differences between the intensity levels in OSMF, OSCC and NOM. Results Expression of Ki67 was significantly higher in OSMF than that of NOM samples but less than that of OSCC samples. Expression of Ki67 increased with increasing grade of clinical and histological stages. Conclusion The study demonstrated a high incidence of Ki67 overexpression in OSMF and OSCC and showed a correlation between clinical and histological grading of OSMF and OSCC. Identification of high-risk oral PMDs and intervention at premalignant stages could constitute one of the key steps in reducing the mortality, morbidity and cost of treatment associated with malignant transformation of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Kamala
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMSDU), Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata R Kanetkar
- Department of Pathology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMSDU), Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kailash D Datkhile
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMSDU), Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - S Sankethguddad
- Department of Periodontology, HKDET'S Dental College, Hospital and Reaserch Institute, Humnadad, Karnataka, India
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Suwasini S, Shrikaar M, Kumari N, Singh A, Kumari K, Kumar M. Expression of p63 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen in Oral Submucous Fibrosis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:448-456. [PMID: 34430507 PMCID: PMC8352049 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_428_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) may be preceded by potentially malignant disorders such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). p63 can detect genetic changes in OSMF and it facilitates early detection of malignant transformation, whereas proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a marker of proliferation and may prove to be a useful objective indicator of the biological behavior of various tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and pattern of the intensity of p63 protein and PCNA in normal oral mucosa and OSMF using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to correlate the expression of these biomarkers. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 archival paraffin-embedded blocks obtained from our department, which were histopathologically diagnosed early OSMF (n = 4), intermediate OSMF (n = 4), and advanced OSMF (n = 2) and normal mucosa (n = 5), were taken as the standard for comparison. p63 and PCNA positivity was analyzed using Kruskall-Wallis test followed by pairwise comparison using Mann-Whitney U test. The pattern of staining and intensity was compared using Chi-Square test for which Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, v 22.0, IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York) was used. Results: All samples showed positive staining for p63 and PCNA. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was seen between the frequency of occurrence of p63 and the PCNA pattern of expression among all the groups. The intensity of staining was mild to intense in the basal layer, as there was a progression toward the severity of the disease. Almost 75.4% correlation existed between p63 and PCNA, with high correlation and marked relationship. Conclusions: The OSMF is considered a potentially malignant disorder that has the potential to get transformed into OSCC. The malignant transformation is often associated with changes at the genetic level, and these are reflected by the altered expression of proteins. Our results showed that biomarkers such as p63 and PCNA are significant in predicting the malignant transformation in OSMF, so in future they may serve as a prognostic tool in the early detection of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Suwasini
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manisha Shrikaar
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Nishu Kumari
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Khusboo Kumari
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Madhuresh Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
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Singh AG, Roy S, Oza S, Singhavi H, Chatterjee K, Chaturvedi P. A contemporary narrative review to guide molecular epidemiology of oral submucous fibrosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2021; 12:61-70. [PMID: 34552689 PMCID: PMC8449189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oral submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic disease that mainly affects the upper part of the aerodigestive tract. Areca nut and betel quid chewing has been established as the most significant causative factor for this condition. While OSMF is a predominantly Asian disease, the migrant populations from the region have taken the disease across the globe. Additionally, areca nut is now easily accessible in flavors and aggressively marketed. Many research activities have been undertaken for decades to understand the etiopathogenesis and risk factors of OSMF. Although OSMF is a slowly progressing disease, it has the potential to transform to an oral malignancy. This article is an attempt to review the literature and provide an update on its prevalence, etiopthogenesis and its diagnosis. We also highlight certain clinical, histopathological and molecular features that aid in the diagnosis and prognostication of OSMF, highlighting the importance of identifying the possibly high risk OSMF that is prone to malignant transformation. Using this information, future directions can be developed to include treatmentof OSMF through a dynamic gene-specific approach.
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Monteiro R, Hallikeri K, Sudhakaran A. PTEN and α-SMA Expression and Diagnostic Role in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Concomitant Oral Submucous Fibrosis. EJOURNAL OF ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH 2021; 12:e3. [PMID: 33959238 PMCID: PMC8085678 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2021.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The diagnostic role and correlation between phosphatase and tensin homologue and alpha-smooth muscle actin in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma with concomitant oral submucous fibrosis was analysed by this case control study. The mechanism by which phosphatase and tensin homologue controls myofibroblast expression was also evaluated. Material and Methods Overall, 10 normal mucosa, 30 oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and 30 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with OSF were stained immunohistochemically with phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Percentage positivity, pattern of expression was statistically compared using Pearson’s Chi-square and Fischer exact tests. The correlation between markers was analysed using Spearman correlation. Results OSF and OSCC affected males predominantly with majority below 40 years and above 40 years of age respectively. Percentage of PTEN positive cells was statistically significant with gender (P = 0.024) and α-SMA distribution of pattern showed a significant correlation with habits (P = 0.018). A significant decrease in nuclear PTEN positivity (P < 0.001) and a gradual increase in α-SMA cytoplasmic expression was noted from NM to OSF and OSCC. A statistically significant weak inverse correlation existed between PTEN and α-SMA. Conclusions A reduced phosphatase and tensin homologue expression in oral submucous fibrosis makes it more prone for malignant transformation. An increase in stromal desmoplasia modifies differentiation, invasive and proliferative capacity of tumour cells. As phosphatase and tensin homologue functions through P-Akt pathway, P-Akt with phosphatase and tensin homologue could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Monteiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, DharwadIndia
| | - Kaveri Hallikeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, DharwadIndia
| | - Archana Sudhakaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, DharwadIndia
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Wu YH, Lin PY, Yang JH, Kuo YS, Wu YC, Chiang CP. Significantly higher serum tumor marker levels in patients with oral submucous fibrosis. J Dent Sci 2021; 16:846-853. [PMID: 34141098 PMCID: PMC8189891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Our previous study showed that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), and ferritin are significantly higher in patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs including oral leukoplakia, oral erythroleukoplakia, and oral verrucous hyperplasia) than in healthy controls (HCs). Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is also recognized as an OPMD. This study evaluated whether these three serum tumor marker levels were also significantly higher in OSF patients than in HCs. Materials and methods The serum CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin levels in 41 OSF patients and 164 HCs were measured and compared. Patients with serum CEA level ≥3 ng/mL, SCC-Ag level ≥2 ng/mL, and ferritin level ≥250 ng/mL were scored as serum positive for CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin, respectively. Results We found significantly higher mean serum CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin levels in 41 OSF patients than in 164 HCs (all P-values < 0.05). Moreover, 41 OSF patients had significantly higher serum positive rates of CEA (39.0%), SCC-Ag (19.5%), and ferritin (53.7%) than 164 HCs (all P-values < 0.05). Of the 41 OSF patients, 26 (63.4%), 7 (17.1%), and 2 (4.9%) had serum positivities of one, two, or three tumor markers including CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin, respectively. Conclusion There are significantly higher mean serum CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin levels and significantly higher serum positive rates of CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin in OSF patients than in HCs. The serum CEA, SCC-Ag, and ferritin levels may be served as tumor markers for evaluation of malignant potential of OSF lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsueh Wu
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yi Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shiung Kuo
- Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Che Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Chiang
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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Iqbal A, Tamgadge S, Tamgadge A, Pereira T, Kumar S, Acharya S, Jadhav A. Evaluation of Ki-67 Expression in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Its Correlation with Clinical and Histopathological Features. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2019; 8:20-24. [PMID: 32166060 PMCID: PMC7045623 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_28_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder. Although it shows atrophic epithelium, it has a high proliferative capacity. Therefore, this study correlates the Ki-67. (The name “ki” is derived from the city of origin [Kiel, Germany] expression with functional grading and epithelial thickness in OSMF). Methods: The study group comprised of thirty patients of OSMF, divided randomly into Group A, Group B, Group C, and Group D as per mouth opening (functional staging). Five participants without OSMF formed the negative control group. The positive control group comprised of five patients of diagnosed cases of squamous cell carcinoma. All the sections of biopsy were subjected for hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry staining and observed for expression of Ki-67. Epithelial thickness was evaluated using image analysis software of Leica research microscope. Images were analyzed by three independent observers who were blindfolded. All the findings were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: In the present study, as the functional staging increased, the Ki-67 expression also increased. Ki-67 expression was highest in severe functional staging/severely decreased mouth opening (100.78) and is least in mild functional staging/mild decreased mouth opening (10.39). However, there was no significant correlation between epithelial thickness and functional staging/mouth opening (P > 0.05). Conclusion: A decrease in functional staging (mouth opening) showed a greater expression of Ki-67, and there was no significant correlation between functional staging and epithelial thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sandhya Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Avinash Tamgadge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Treville Pereira
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sourab Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddarth Acharya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, D. Y. Patil University School of Dentistry, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhishek Jadhav
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, D. Y. Patil Deemed to be University School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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10
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Manjunath S, Himadal CG, Divakar DD, Haleem S, Mohammad Faqeeh HA, M Alshadidi MY. An immunohistochemical study of p53 expressions in oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:308. [PMID: 31516253 PMCID: PMC6714265 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_277_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this histopathological study was to identify the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53 and to detect the correlation between p53 expression and the degree of dysplasia in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). METHODS A sample size of 30 OSMF patients irrespective of sex was taken up for the study. The tissue samples obtained were subjected to immunohistochemical method to detect p53 protein. The technique used was indirect super sensitive Polymer-HRP IHC detection system. The p53 positive samples were evaluated on a 4-point scale, which ranged from 3+ to negative. RESULTS Out of 30 cases 3(10%) cases were negative for p53 expression and 13(43.3%) showed + expression, and 14(46.6%) showed ++ expression. On application of Mantel-Haenszel Chi-Square test a statistically significant P <=0.05 i.e. (P=0.012) was obtained and there was Linear-by-Linear association between p53 expressions and dysplasia that showed the point probability of 0.006. CONCLUSION Immunohistochemistry is a powerful tool to identify distinct patterns of gene expression in premalignant disorders and also Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC) from different populations. In the present study, a significant number of samples of OSMF were positive for p53 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh Manjunath
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - C Girish Himadal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Raja Rajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Shaista Haleem
- Dental Health Care Department, Inaya Medical College, Riyadh, KSA
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Yuan Y, Li N, Zeng L, Shen Z, Jiang C. Pathogenesis investigation of miR-199-5p in oral submucous fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:456-465. [PMID: 30485610 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fibrosis diseases are one of the leading causes of suffering and death. However, no systematic investigation has been carried out on fibrosis-related genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS By querying PubMed using keywords "fibrosis" and "gene" or "protein," we identified fibrosis-related genes in the last decade. Bioinformatics analysis was performed by MAS 3.0 software. Key miRNA was selected to assess its relationship with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and fibroblast functions. RESULTS A total of 1,310 genes related to fibrosis were identified. TGF-β1, CTGF, MMP9, HSP47, and S1P were found to be associated with mainly fibrotic organs. In total, 244 cellular components terms, 595 molecular function terms, 1,816 cellular component terms, and 136 KEGG pathway annotations were predicted. miR-199-5p was selected as the key miRNA, which has higher level in OSF. Upregulated miR-199-5p was significantly related to OSF duration and OSF histological grade (p = 0.028 and 0.012, respectively). Overexpressive miR-199-5p reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis in buccal fibroblasts. Additionally, expression levels of collagen I (COL I) and III (COL III) were promoted by overexpressive miR-199-5p in buccal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION These results indicate that fibrosis-related genes are related to a series of complex mechanisms. The characteristics of miR-199-5p may supply important clues for developing therapeutic strategy for OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Zeng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengzhong Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Gadbail AR, Chaudhary M, Sarode SC, Gondivkar S, Tekade SA, Zade P, Hande A, Sarode GS, Patil S. Ki67, CD105, and α-SMA expression supports the transformation relevant dysplastic features in the atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200171. [PMID: 30001387 PMCID: PMC6042727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The grading of oral epithelial dysplasia is not possible in the atrophic epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Recently, we found that features such as increased basal cell layer hyperplasia, abnormal superficial mitosis, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, increased nuclear size, and hyperchromasia represent transformation-relevant dysplastic features in the atrophic epithelium of OSMF. The presence of these features can be considered a high-risk feature for patients. However, these findings have not been tested and authenticated using markers relevant to oral carcinogenesis. Method Paraffin-embedded tissues from 30 normal oral mucosa (NOM) and 50 OSMF were retrieved from 2008 to 2016 and subjected to immunohistochemical expression using Ki67, CD105 and α-SMA antibodies. Results Ki67 LI showed significant increases from NOM (12.47±2.34) to LRED (23.47±3.75) to HRED (34.31±7.31) (<0.0001). Similarly, MVD was increased significantly from NOM (3.53±5.17) to LRED (27.57±12.25) to HRED (46.18±12.55) (p<0.0001). The expression of α-SMA was significantly increased from LRED (0.21±0.41) to HRED (1.13±0.56) (<0.0001). The Ki67 LI and α-SMA; MVD and α-SMA; and Ki67Ki67 LI and MVD in NOM, LRED and HRED showed a statistically significant positive correlation (P<0.0001). The increase in Ki67 LI was directly proportional to MVD and α-SMA expression from NOM to LRED to HRED (P<0.0001). The connective tissue stroma of NOM lacks α-SMA expression. Mild myofibroblast expression was noted in 4 cases of LRED (14.28%) and in 18 cases of HRED (81.81%). Moderate expression was noted only in 4 cases of HRED (22.22%). Conclusion Ki67 LI, CD105, and α-SMA expression showed significant differences between normal, LRED and HRED. These findings further support that features such as increased basal cell layer hyperplasia, abnormal superficial mitosis, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and hyperchromasia could be transformation-relevant dysplastic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol R. Gadbail
- Department of Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Minal Chaudhary
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C. Sarode
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh Gondivkar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satyajit A. Tekade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Modern Dental College & Research Centre, Gandhi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Prajakta Zade
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alka Hande
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College & Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi S. Sarode
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology & Microbiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Patel PN, Thennavan A, Sen S, Chandrashekar C, Radhakrishnan R. Translational approach utilizing COX-2, p53, and MDM2 expressions in malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Sci 2017; 57:169-76. [PMID: 26369479 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.57.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
About 20% of the world's population uses some form of betel nut, which suggests that the incidence of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is higher than current estimates. OSF has the potential to undergo malignant transformation; thus, there is a need to identify relevant markers to assess its aggressiveness. We evaluated changes in COX-2, p53, and MDM2 expressions in progressive OSF. Expressions of COX-2, p53, and MDM2 increased with OSF progression. There was a strong association between COX-2 overexpression and recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.001) and a positive relation between increased MDM2 expression and failure of radiotherapy (P = 0.007). These findings suggest that COX-2 is an important marker of disease progression and that MDM2 expression is useful for treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik N Patel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University
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14
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Gupta S, Ghosh S, Gupta S, Sakhuja P. Effect of curcumin on the expression of p53, transforming growth factor-β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in oral submucous fibrosis: A pilot study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8. [PMID: 27989010 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the present study was to find out the expression of p53, transforming growth factor-β TGF-β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), proteins implicated in its pathophysiology, as well as malignant transformation. We also sought to determine the effect of curcumin on the expression of these markers through immunohistochemistry. METHODS The expression of p53, TGF-β, and iNOS was evaluated through immunohistochemistry in 28 patients with OSMF before and after treatment with curcumin. Expression was evaluated semiquantitatively using a four-point scale based on the percentage of cells showing positive staining. RESULTS The expression of p53, TGF-β, and iNOS in OSMF was found to be statistically significant (P<.05). After therapy with curcumin, a decrease in the expression of p53, TGF-β, and iNOS was seen in 25%, 32.1%, and 32.1% of the samples, respectively; however, the difference in pretreatment and post-treatment expressions was not found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION The present finding suggest that curcumin could have an effect on the expression of p53, iNOS, and TGF-β in OSMF, and thus, could prove to be an effective chemopreventive agent for its management. The increased expression of p53, TGF-β, and iNOS in OSMF is suggestive of the role of these markers in its pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Gupta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunita Gupta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Puja Sakhuja
- Department of Pathology, Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
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15
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Yuan Y, Hou X, Feng H, Liu R, Xu H, Gong W, Deng J, Sun C, Gao Y, Peng J, Wu Y, Li J, Fang C, Chen Q. Proteomic identification of cyclophilin A as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in oral submucous fibrosis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:60348-60365. [PMID: 27533088 PMCID: PMC5312388 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a pre-cancerous lesion, which is characterized by fibrosis of the oral submucosa. Despite large body of studies focusing on this disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of OSF remained unclear. In this study, 2-DE-based proteomic approaches were employed to identify the differently expressed proteins between OSF and normal tissues. In total, 88 proteins were identified with altered expression levels, including CypA. Upregulation of CypA was further validated through immunohistochemistry staining combined with Q-PCR and western blot by using clinical samples. Statistical analyses reveal that CypA expression level is correlated to the progression of OSF. Finally, functional study reveals a pro-proliferative property of CypA in fibroblast cells by using multiple in vitro models. The present data suggest that CypA might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for OSF, and will lead to a better understanding of OSF pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Tongji University, Shanghai China, 200072
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Wang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Jing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Chongkui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
| | - Yijun Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Jieying Peng
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Yingfang Wu
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Jiang Li
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Changyun Fang
- Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 410008
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu China, 610041
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16
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Bazarsad S, Zhang X, Kim KY, Illeperuma R, Jayasinghe RD, Tilakaratne WM, Kim J. Identification of a combined biomarker for malignant transformation in oral submucous fibrosis. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:431-438. [PMID: 27497264 PMCID: PMC5516200 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic progressive disease of the oral cavity that is considered a common potentially malignant disorder in South Asia. Areca nut chewing is the main etiological factor, but its carcinogenic mechanism has yet to be proven. The purpose of this study was to identify the useful biomarkers in predicting high‐risk patients with OSF. Methods Thirty‐six cases of OSF and six cases of normal oral mucosa (NOM) were used for this study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for Ki67, cyclin D1, p16, p53, β‐catenin, c‐Jun, c‐Met, and insulin‐like growth factor II mRNA‐binding protein 3 (IMP3). The expression patterns of NOM served as guidelines for the scoring system. Results The expression of Ki67, cyclin D1, c‐Met, IMP3, and β‐catenin showed a significant difference between OSF and NOM samples. The combined biomarkers of Ki67 and p16 showed significantly different expression between the transformation and non‐transformation groups. With discriminant analysis, we proposed a noble formula and cutoff value for predicting high‐risk patients with OSF. Conclusion The notable biomarkers in our present study were Ki67 and p16 showing significantly different expression levels between the transformation and non‐transformation groups. With the identification of high‐risk patients with OSF, we can expect to develop more intensive treatment modalities, leading to the reduction in cancer transformation rate from OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadavlonjid Bazarsad
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Dental School, Mongolian National University of Medical Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Ki-Yeol Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rasika Illeperuma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruwan D Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Wanninayake M Tilakaratne
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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das Chagas E Silva de Carvalho LF, Pereira TM, Magrini TD, Cavalcante ASR, da Silva Martinho H, Almeida JD. Optical diagnosis of actinic cheilitis by infrared spectroscopy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 16:27-34. [PMID: 27491855 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Actinic cheilitis (AC) is considered a potentially malignant disorder of the lip. Biomolecular markers study is important to understand malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma. Fourier transform infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to analyze AC in this study. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to evaluate if FT-IR spectral regions of nucleic acids and collagen can help in early diagnosis of malignant transformation. METHODS Tissues biopsies of 14 patients diagnosed with AC and 14 normal tissues were obtained. FT-IR spectra were measured at five different points resulting in 70 spectra of each. Analysis of Principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discrimination analysis (LDA) model were also used. In order to verify the statistical difference in the spectra, Mann-Whitney U test was performed in each variable (wavenumber) with p-value <0.05. RESULTS After the Mann-Whitney U test the vibrational modes of CO (Collagen 1), PO2 (Nucleic Acids) and CO asymmetric (Triglycerides/Lipids) were observed as a possible spectral biomarker. These bands were chosen because they represent the vibrational modes related to collagen and DNA, which are supposed to be changed in AC samples. Based on the PCA-LDA results, the predictive model corresponding to the area under the curve was 0.91 for the fingerprint region and 0.83 for the high wavenumber region, showing the greater accuracy of the test. CONCLUSIONS FT-IR changes in collagen and nucleic acids could be used as molecular biomarkers for malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiago Martini Pereira
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taciana Depra Magrini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Sueli Rodrigues Cavalcante
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Murgod VV, Kale AD, Angadi PV, Hallikerimath S. Morphometric analysis of the mucosal vasculature in oral submucous fibrosis and its comparison with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Sci 2016; 56:173-8. [PMID: 24930755 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.56.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic fibrotic disorder in which the degree of vascularity has always been a matter of dispute; however, morphological studies of the blood vessels in OSMF have been sparse. This study was performed to assess the mucosal vasculature in normal oral mucosa, early and advanced OSMF, and well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC) using morphometry. The study included histologically diagnosed cases of early (n = 30) and advanced (n = 30) OSMF, and WDSCC (n = 30), with normal oral mucosa (n = 10) as a control. Morphometric image analysis of blood vessels was performed on H&E-stained sections for evaluation of vascular density, vascular luminal diameter, area and percentage area. A significant increase in all of the parameters was noted in the test groups relative to the controls. The mean vascular density and mean vascular percentage area were significantly increased in early OSMF and WDSCC relative to controls, and also in advanced OSMF and WDSCC in comparison with early OSMF. The vascularity increased progressively from normal to premalignancy and malignancy, emphasizing the importance of angiogenesis in tumor development and progression. The vascularity was increased in early OSMF and reduced in advanced OSMF, suggesting that inflammation may play a role in the early stages while progressive fibrosis may predispose to atrophy of the epithelium and subsequent malignant changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita V Murgod
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saraswati Dhanwantari Dental College and Hospital
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19
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Zargaran M, Jamshidi S, Eshghyar N, Moghimbeigi A. Suitability/Unsuitability of Cell Proliferation as an Indicator of Malignant Potential in Oral Lichen Planus: an Immunohistochemical Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:6979-83. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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20
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Jayaraman B, Valiathan GM, Jayakumar K, Palaniyandi A, Thenumgal SJ, Ramanathan A. Lack of mutation in p53 and H-ras genes in phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth suggests its non cancerous nature. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:5535-8. [PMID: 23317213 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.11.5535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been case reports of oral squamous cell carcinoma arising from gingival overgrowth induced by phenytoin--an antiepileptic drug. However, a detailed analysis for the presence of mutations in p53 and ras genes, which are the two most frequently mutated genes in cancers, in phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth tissues has hitherto not been performed. METHODS Cellular DNA isolated from twenty gingival overgrowth tissues collected from patients undergoing phenytoin therapy were amplified using primers for p53 (exons 5-8) and H-ras (exons 1-2) genes. The PCR amplicons were then gel purified and subjected to direct sequencing analysis to screen for mutations. RESULTS Direct sequencing of twenty samples of phenytoin induced gingival growth did not identify mutations in any of the exons of p53 and H-ras genes that were analyzed. CONCLUSION Our result indicates that mutational alteration of p53 and H-ras genes is infrequent in phenytoin induced gingival growth, which thus suggests a non malignant nature of this pathology. The findings in the present study are clinically significant as a large number of epileptic patients are treated with phenytoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Jayaraman
- Department of Periodontia, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Narayanapuram, Chennai, India
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ZHOU ZHONGSU, LI MING, GAO FENG, PENG JIEYING, XIAO HAIBO, DAI LIXIA, LIN SHIRONG, ZHANG RUI, JIN LONGYU. Arecoline suppresses HaCaT cell proliferation through cell cycle regulatory molecules. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2438-44. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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22
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The Ki-67/MIB-1 index level and recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:311-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kamat SS, Kumar GS, Koshy AV. Immunohistochemical analysis of syndecan-1 in leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10:321-7. [PMID: 24019799 PMCID: PMC3760354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syndecan-1 is abundant in normal tissues and reduced in squamous cell carcinomas. Leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) are oral pre-cancerous disorders that have potential for malignant transformation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of syndecan-1 in leukoplakia and OSF and to identify its role as a reliable marker for predicting malignant changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of syndecan-1 was examined immunohistochemically in 42 cases of oral leukoplakia with or without epithelial dysplasia, 28 cases of OSF and 10 cases of normal oral epithelia as control. Mann-Whiteny 'U' test was used for statistical analysis and the level of significance was fixed at P < 0.05. RESULTS Intense syndecan-1 expression was observed in nine cases with normal epithelium. Immunopositivity was lost gradually as the extent of epithelial dysplasia increased. The significant reduction in syndecan-1 expression was observed in leukoplakia as epithelial dysplasia progressed from moderate or severe. Similarly, significant reduction was observed in staining intensities in OSF with dysplasia. CONCLUSION The results reveal that down-regulation of syndecan-1 expression is associated with dysplastic changes in leukoplakia and OSF. Thus syndecan-1 can be considered as marker for predicting malignant changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant S. Kamat
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Khed, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sushant S Kamat, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Yogita Dental College and Hospital, Khed, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - G. S. Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KSR Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajit V. Koshy
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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