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Buthelezi MN, Tshililo VG, Kappo AP, Simelane MBC. Phytochemical evaluation of Ziziphus mucronata and Xysmalobium undulutum towards the discovery and development of anti-malarial drugs. Malar J 2024; 23:141. [PMID: 38734650 PMCID: PMC11088772 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of resistance by Plasmodium falciparum is a burdening hazard that continues to undermine the strides made to alleviate malaria. As such, there is an increasing need to find new alternative strategies. This study evaluated and validated 2 medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria. METHODS Inspired by their ethnobotanical reputation of being effective against malaria, Ziziphus mucronata and Xysmalobium undulutum were collected and sequentially extracted using hexane (HEX), ethyl acetate (ETA), Dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol (MTL). The resulting crude extracts were screened for their anti-malarial and cytotoxic potential using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. This was followed by isolating the active compounds from the DCM extract of Z. mucronata using silica gel chromatography and structural elucidation using spectroscopic techniques (NMR: 1H, 12C, and DEPT). The active compounds were then targeted against P. falciparum heat shock protein 70-1 (PfHsp70-1) using Autodock Vina, followed by in vitro validation assays using ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy and the malate dehydrogenase (MDH) chaperone activity assay. RESULTS The extracts except those of methanol displayed anti-malarial potential with varying IC50 values, Z. mucronata HEX (11.69 ± 3.84 µg/mL), ETA (7.25 ± 1.41 µg/mL), DCM (5.49 ± 0.03 µg/mL), and X. undulutum HEX (4.9 ± 0.037 µg/mL), ETA (17.46 ± 0.024 µg/mL) and DCM (19.27 ± 0.492 µg/mL). The extracts exhibited minimal cytotoxicity except for the ETA and DCM of Z. mucronata with CC50 values of 10.96 and 10.01 µg/mL, respectively. Isolation and structural characterization of the active compounds from the DCM extracts revealed that betulinic acid (19.95 ± 1.53 µg/mL) and lupeol (7.56 ± 2.03 µg/mL) were responsible for the anti-malarial activity and had no considerable cytotoxicity (CC50 > µg/mL). Molecular docking suggested strong binding between PfHsp70-1, betulinic acid (- 6.8 kcal/mol), and lupeol (- 6.9 kcal/mol). Meanwhile, the in vitro validation assays revealed the disruption of the protein structural elements and chaperone function. CONCLUSION This study proves that X undulutum and Z. mucronata have anti-malarial potential and that betulinic acid and lupeol are responsible for the activity seen on Z. mucronata. They also make a case for guided purification of new phytochemicals in the other extracts and support the notion of considering medicinal plants to discover new anti-malarials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi N Buthelezi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vhahangwele G Tshililo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Abidemi P Kappo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mthokozisi B C Simelane
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Islam S, Shahzad SA, Ismail T, Sherani UAS, Khan KM, Fatima N, Khan SA, Mannan A. Exploring the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of novel chloroquine analogues. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:737-749. [PMID: 38456272 PMCID: PMC11221543 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To synthesize novel chloroquine analogues and evaluate them for antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. Methods: Novel analogues were synthesized from chloroquine by nucleophilic substitution reaction at the 4-amino position. Results: Analogue CS1 showed maximum antimicrobial potential (30.3 ± 0.15 mm zone) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and produced a 19.2 ± 0.21 mm zone against Candida albicans, while CS0 produced no zone at the same concentration. Analogue CS9 has excellent cytotoxic potential (HeLa cell line), showing 100% inhibition (IC50 = 8.9 ± 1.2 μg/ml), compared with CS0 (61.9% inhibition at 30 μg/ml). Conclusion: These synthesized chloroquine analogues have excellent activity against different microbial strains and cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) compared with their parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sohail A Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Ismail
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Usman AS Sherani
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Kashif M Khan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Shujaat A Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
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Parveen S, Maurya N, Meena A, Luqman S. Cinchonine: A Versatile Pharmacological Agent Derived from Natural Cinchona Alkaloids. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:343-363. [PMID: 38031797 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266270796231109171808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinchonine is one of the Cinchona alkaloids that is commercially extracted from the Peruvian bark of Cinchona officinalis L. (Family: Rubiaceae). It is also obtained in much lower quantities from other species of Cinchona, such as Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona succirubra, and Cinchona pubescens, and in some other plants, such as Remijia peruviana. Cinchonine has been historically used as an anti-malarial agent. It also has a wide range of other biological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-parasitic, antimicrobial, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-osteoclast differentiation. AIM AND OBJECTIVE This review discusses the pharmacological activity of cinchonine under different experimental conditions, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo. It also covers the compound's physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics. METHODOLOGY A comprehensive literature search was conducted on multiple online databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The aim was to retrieve a wide range of review/research papers and bibliographic sources. The process involved applying exclusion and inclusion criteria to ensure the selection of relevant and high-quality papers. RESULTS Cinchonine has numerous pharmacological properties, making it a promising compound for various therapeutic applications. It induces anti-cancer activity by activating caspase-3 and PARP-1, and triggers the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. It up-regulates GRP78 and promotes the phosphorylation of PERK and ETIF-2α. Cinchonine also inhibits osteoclastogenesis, inhibiting TAK1 activation and suppressing NFATc1 expression by regulating AP-1 and NF-κB. Its potential anti-inflammatory effects reduce the impact of high-fat diets, making it suitable for targeting obesity-related diseases. However, research on cinchonine is limited, and further studies are needed to fully understand its therapeutic potential. Further investigation is needed to ensure its safety and efficacy in clinical applications. CONCLUSION Overall, this review article explains the pharmacological activity of cinchonine, its synthesis, and physicochemical properties, toxicological aspects, and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Parveen
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Maurya
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Manwal A Mekoung P, Malloum A, Govindarajan M, Mballa RN, Patouossa I, Abouem A Zintchem A, Nanseu CP, Mbouombouo IN. Spectroscopic properties (FT-IR, NMR and UV) and DFT studies of amodiaquine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22187. [PMID: 38076079 PMCID: PMC10709190 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Amodiaquine (AQ) was synthesized by a condensation reaction and characterized by experimental FT-IR, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and UV spectroscopies. In the present work, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The structural and spectroscopic (FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR and UV) data of amodiaquine molecule in ground state have been investigated by using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The calculations have been performed at the using B3LYP method with 6-311++G(d,p) and 6-311++G(2d, p) basis sets theory level were performed, first, to confirm its structure, then to explain its reactive nature through its molecular properties such as natural charges, local and global reactivity descriptors or natural bond orbital (NBO). Afterwards, the calculated properties were compared with experimental results. The 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts were calculated by using the gauge-independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method, while the electronic UV-Vis spectrum is predicted using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). Globally, the computerized results showed good agreement close similarity with the experimental values. The molecular properties such as natural charges, local and global reactivity descriptors, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), natural bond orbital (NBO) of title molecule were calculated insights into the stability, reactivity and reactive sites on the molecule. The calculated energy band gap (ELUMO-EHOMO) value of AQ was found to be 4.09 eV suggesting that it could be considered as a hard molecule with high stability, supported by global reactivity descriptors. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analysis revealed heteroatoms (oxygen and nitrogen) as the most putative nucleophilic sites when hydrogen atoms to which they are linked appear as electrophilic sites. The potential use of amodiaquine as non-linear optical (NLO) material and its thermodynamic indicators have also been assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pélagie Manwal A Mekoung
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- National Drug Quality Control and Valuation Laboratory, P.O. Box 12216 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Alhadji Malloum
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 46 Maroua, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P. O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Munusamy Govindarajan
- Department of Physics, Avvivayar Government College for Women, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
- Arrignar Anna Govermnet Arts and Science College, Karaikal, Puducherry, India
| | - Rose Ngono Mballa
- National Drug Quality Control and Valuation Laboratory, P.O. Box 12216 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of pharmacology and traditional medicine, FMSB, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 1364 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Issofa Patouossa
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Auguste Abouem A Zintchem
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Charles P.N. Nanseu
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ibrahim N. Mbouombouo
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 47 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ebolowa, PO. Box 812 Ebolowa, Cameroon
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5
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Prabakaran M, Weible LJ, Champlain JD, Jiang RY, Biondi K, Weil AA, Van Voorhis WC, Ojo KK. The Gut-Wrenching Effects of Cryptosporidiosis and Giardiasis in Children. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2323. [PMID: 37764167 PMCID: PMC10538111 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis are infectious intestinal protozoan pathogens that cause alarming rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Children are more likely to have clinical symptoms due to their less developed immune systems and factors such as undernutrition, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The severity of the symptoms and clinical manifestations in children may vary from asymptomatic to life-threatening depending on the Cryptosporidium species/G. duodenalis strains and the resulting complex stepwise interactions between the parasite, the host nutritional and immunologic status, and the gut microbiome profile. Structural damages inflicted by both parasites to epithelial cells in the large and small intestines could severely impair children's gut health, including the ability to absorb nutrients, resulting in stunted growth, diminished neurocognitive development, and other long-term effects. Clinically approved cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis drugs have broad antimicrobial effects that have incomprehensible impacts on growing children's gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Prabakaran
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Lyssa J. Weible
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Joshua D. Champlain
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Ryan Ye Jiang
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Katalina Biondi
- Human Center for Artificial Intelligence, Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Ana A. Weil
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Wesley C. Van Voorhis
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
| | - Kayode K. Ojo
- Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases (CERID), Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (M.P.); (L.J.W.); (J.D.C.); (R.Y.J.); (A.A.W.); (W.C.V.V.)
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Ochora DO, Mogire RM, Masai RJ, Yeda RA, Mwakio EW, Amwoma JG, Wakoli DM, Yenesew A, Akala HM. Ex vivo and In vitro antiplasmodial activities of approved drugs predicted to have antimalarial activities using chemogenomics and drug repositioning approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18863. [PMID: 37583763 PMCID: PMC10424068 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High malaria mortality coupled with increased emergence of resistant multi-drug resistant strains of Plasmodium parasite, warrants the development of new and effective antimalarial drugs. However, drug design and discovery are costly and time-consuming with many active antimalarial compounds failing to get approved due to safety reasons. To address these challenges, the current study aimed at testing the antiplasmodial activities of approved drugs that were predicted using a target-similarity approach. This approach is based on the fact that if an approved drug used to treat another disease targets a protein similar to Plasmodium falciparum protein, then the drug will have a comparable effect on P. falciparum. In a previous study, in vitro antiplasmodial activities of 10 approved drugs was reported of the total 28 approved drugs. In this study, six out of 18 drugs that were previously not tested, namely epirubicin, irinotecan, venlafaxine, palbociclib, pelitinib, and PD153035 were tested for antiplasmodial activity. The drug susceptibility in vitro assays against five P. falciparum reference strains (D6, 3D7, W2, DD2, and F32 ART) and ex vivo assays against fresh clinical isolates were done using the malaria SYBR Green I assay. Standard antimalarial drugs were included as controls. Epirubicin and irinotecan showed excellent antiplasmodial ex vivo activity against field isolates with mean IC50 values of 0.044 ± 0.033 μM and 0.085 ± 0.055 μM, respectively. Similar activity was observed against W2 strain where epirubicin had an IC50 value of 0.004 ± 0.0009 μM, palbociclib 0.056 ± 0.006 μM, and pelinitib 0.057 ± 0.013 μM. For the DD2 strain, epirubicin, irinotecan and PD 153035 displayed potent antiplasmodial activity (IC50 < 1 μM). Epirubicin and irinotecan showed potent antiplasmodial activities (IC50 < 1 μM) against DD2, D6, 3D7, and F32 ART strains and field isolates. This shows the potential use of these drugs as antimalarials. All the tested drugs showed antiplasmodial activities with IC50 values below 20 μM, which suggests that our target similarity-based strategy is successful at predicting antiplasmodial activity of compounds thereby circumventing challenges in antimalarial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas O. Ochora
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
- DSI/NWU, Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, 2520, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa (USAMRD-A), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)—Walter Reed Project, P.O. Box 54-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Reagan M. Mogire
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) – Kemri-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. Box 230-80108, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Rael J. Masai
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Kisii University, P.O. Box 408-40200, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Redemptah A. Yeda
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa (USAMRD-A), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)—Walter Reed Project, P.O. Box 54-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Edwin W. Mwakio
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa (USAMRD-A), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)—Walter Reed Project, P.O. Box 54-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Joseph G. Amwoma
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu P. O. Box 6-60100, Embu, Kenya
| | - Dancan M. Wakoli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton-Njoro, Kenya
| | - Abiy Yenesew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hoseah M. Akala
- United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa (USAMRD-A), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)—Walter Reed Project, P.O. Box 54-40100, Kisumu, Kenya
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Saha A, Choudhury AAK, Adhikari N, Ghosh SK, Shakya A, Patgiri SJ, Pratap Singh U, Bhat HR. Molecular docking and antimalarial evaluation of hybrid para-aminobenzoic acid 1,3,5 triazine derivatives via inhibition of Pf-DHFR. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15520-15534. [PMID: 37154740 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2208207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a structurally guided pharmacophore hybridization strategy is used to combine the two key structural scaffolds, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and 1,3,5 triazine in search of new series of antimalarial agents. A combinatorial library of 100 compounds was prepared in five different series as [4A (1-22), 4B (1-21), 4 C (1-20), 4D (1-19) and 4E (1-18)] using different primary and secondary amines, from where 10 compounds were finally screened out through molecular property filter analysis and molecular docking study as promising PABA substituted 1,3,5-triazine scaffold as an antimalarial agent. The docking results showed that compounds 4A12 and 4A20 exhibited good binding interaction with Phe58, IIe164, Ser111, Arg122, Asp54 (-424.19 to -360.34 kcal/mol) and Arg122, Phe116, Ser111, Phe58 (-506.29 to -431.75 kcal/mol) against wild (1J3I) and quadruple mutant (1J3K) type of Pf-DHFR. These compounds were synthesized by conventional as well as microwave-assisted synthesis and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. In-vitro antimalarial activity results indicated that two compounds 4A12 and 4A20 showed promising antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC50 (1.24-4.77 μg mL-1) and (2.11-3.60 μg mL-1). These hybrid PABA substituted 1,3,5-triazine derivatives might be used in the lead discovery towards a new class of Pf-DHFR inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashmita Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | | | - Nayana Adhikari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Surajit Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Anshul Shakya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Saurav Jyoti Patgiri
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Dibrugarh, India
| | - Udaya Pratap Singh
- Drug Design & Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Hans Raj Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
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8
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Okombo J, Kumar M, Redhi D, Wicht KJ, Wiesner L, Egan TJ, Chibale K. Pyrido-Dibemequine Metabolites Exhibit Improved Druglike Features, Inhibit Hemozoin Formation in Plasmodium falciparum, and Synergize with Clinical Antimalarials. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:653-667. [PMID: 36802523 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Structural modification of existing chemical scaffolds to afford new molecules able to circumvent drug resistance constitutes one of the rational approaches to antimalarial drug discovery. Previously synthesized compounds based on the 4-aminoquinoline core hybridized with a chemosensitizing dibenzylmethylamine side group showed in vivo efficacy in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice despite low microsomal metabolic stability, suggesting a contribution from their pharmacologically active metabolites. Here, we report on a series of these dibemequine (DBQ) metabolites with low resistance indices against chloroquine-resistant parasites and improved metabolic stability in liver microsomes. The metabolites also exhibit improved pharmacological properties including lower lipophilicity, cytotoxicity, and hERG channel inhibition. Using cellular heme fractionation experiments, we also demonstrate that these derivatives inhibit hemozoin formation by causing a buildup of toxic "free" heme in a similar manner to chloroquine. Finally, assessment of drug interactions also revealed synergy between these derivatives and several clinically relevant antimalarials, thus highlighting their potential interest for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Okombo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Malkeet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Devasha Redhi
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kathryn J Wicht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lubbe Wiesner
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Timothy J Egan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa.,South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 Cape Town, South Africa
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9
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Verma S, Lal S, Narang R, Sudhakar K. Quinoline Hydrazide/Hydrazone Derivatives: Recent Insights on Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Action. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200571. [PMID: 36617503 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are becoming gradually ineffective due to drug resistance, leading to greater difficulty in the treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, the development of new chemical entities with different mechanisms of action is essential in the fight against resistant microorganisms. Various studies have shown that quinoline hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives possess several biological activities, such as antimalarial, antitubercular, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. Among these activities, the antibacterial activity of quinoline hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives is noteworthy. The synthetic flexibility of the quinoline ring has led to the development of a wide range of structurally diverse quinoline hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives, which can act at various bacterial targets such as DNA gyrase, glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, enoyl ACP reductase, and 3-ketoacyl ACP reductase. This review emphasizes the antibacterial potential of various reported quinoline hydrazide/hydrazone derivatives based on substitution in the quinoline ring. The antibacterial activity of various metal-quinoline hydrazide/hydrazone complexes is also discussed. The aim of this review is to assemble and scrutinize the latest reports in this promising area of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Verma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Sukhbir Lal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Rakesh Narang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, India
| | - Kalvatala Sudhakar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Bengaluru, Phagwara, 144402, India
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10
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Ko N, Min J, Moon J, Ismail NF, Moon K, Singh P, Mishra NK, Lee W, Kim IS. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of β-CF 3-Enones with Quinoline N-Oxides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:602-612. [PMID: 36524705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective incorporation of a trifluoromethyl group into biologically active molecules and pharmaceuticals has emerged as a central topic in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Herein, we demonstrate the rhodium(III)-catalyzed conjugate addition of β-trifluoromethylated enones with quinoline N-oxides, which result in the generation of β-trifluoromethyl-β'-quinolinated ketones. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with complete functional group tolerance. The synthetic applicability was showcased by successful gram-scale experiments and valuable synthetic transformations of coupling products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Ko
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Min
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyea Moon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuraimi Farwizah Ismail
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.,PAPRSB, Institute of Health Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Kyeongwon Moon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Pargat Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Wonsik Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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11
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Sun XP, Yu W, Min LJ, Han L, Sun NB, Liu XH. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antifungal Activities of New Quinoline Derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Ranjith P, Ignatious A, Panicker CY, Sureshkumar B, Armakovic S, Armakovic SJ, Van Alsenoy C, Anto P. Spectroscopic investigations, DFT calculations, molecular docking and MD simulations of 3-[(4-Carboxyphenyl) carbamoyl]-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1, 2-dihydroxy quinoline-6-carboxylic acid. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Domino Nitro Reduction-Friedländer Heterocyclization for the Preparation of Quinolines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134123. [PMID: 35807369 PMCID: PMC9268355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Friedländer synthesis offers efficient access to substituted quinolines from 2-aminobenzaldehydes and activated ketones in the presence of a base. The disadvantage of this procedure lies in the fact that relatively few 2-aminobenzaldehyde derivatives are readily available. To overcome this problem, we report a modification of this process involving the in situ reduction of 2-nitrobenzaldehydes with Fe/AcOH in the presence of active methylene compounds (AMCs) to produce substituted quinolines in high yields. The conditions are mild enough to tolerate a wide range of functionality in both reacting partners and promote reactions not only with phenyl and benzyl ketones, but also with β-keto-esters, β-keto-nitriles, β-keto-sulfones and β-diketones. The reaction of 2-nitroaromatic ketones with unsymmetrical AMCs is less reliable, giving a competitive formation of substituted quinolin-2(1H)-ones from the cyclization of the Z Knoevenagel intermediate which appears to be favored when certain large groups are adjacent to the AMC ketone carbonyl.
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14
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Ibrahim M. El-Deen, El-Zend MA, Tantawy MA, Barakat LAA. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Screening of Some Synthesized Coumarin and Aza-Coumarin Derivatives as Anticancer Agents. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202202011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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A study of structure-activity relationship and anion-controlled quinolinyl Ag(I) complexes as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents as well as their interaction with macromolecules. Biometals 2022; 35:363-394. [PMID: 35275314 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00377-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, we feature the synthesis and in-depth characterization of a series of silver(I) complexes obtained from the complexation of quinolin-4-yl Schiff base ligands ((E)-2-((quinolin-4-ylmethylene)amino)phenol La, 2-(quinolin-4-yl)benzo[d]thiazole Lb, (E)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(quinolin-4-yl)methanimine Lc, (E)-N-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(quinolin-4-yl)methanimine Ld, (E)-1-(quinolin-4-yl)-N-(p-tolyl)methanimine Le, (E)-1-(quinolin-4-yl)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)methanimine Lf) and three different silver(I) anions (nitrate, perchlorate and triflate). Structurally, the complexes adopted different coordination geometries, which included distorted linear or distorted tetrahedral geometry. The complexes were evaluated in vitro for their potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities. In addition, their interactions with calf thymus-DNA (CT-DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were evaluated. All the complexes had a wide spectrum of effective antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial and good antioxidant properties. The interactions of the complexes with CT-DNA and BSA were observed to occur either through intercalation or through a minor groove binder, while the interaction of the complexes with BSA reveals that some of the complexes can strongly quench the fluorescence of BSA through the static mechanism. The molecular docking studies of the complexes were also done to further elucidate the modes of interaction with CT-DNA and BSA.
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16
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Saini M, Das R, Mehta DK, Chauhan S. Styrylquinolines Derivatives: SAR study and Synthetic Approaches. Med Chem 2022; 18:859-870. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666220214085856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
In the present-day scenario, heterocyclic derivatives have revealed the primary function of various medicinal agents precious for humanity. Out of a diverse range of heterocycles, Styrylquinolines scaffolds have been proved to play an essential role in a broad range of biological activities, includinganti-HIV-1, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer activity with antiproliferative effects on tumor cell lines.
Due to the immense pharmacological importance, distinct synthetic methods have been executed to attain new drug entities from Styrylquinolines. Various schemes for synthesizing Styrylquinolines derivatives like one-pot, ultrasound-promoted heterogeneous acid-catalysed, microwave-assisted, solvent-free, and green synthesis were discussed in the present review. Some products of Styrylquinolines are in clinical trials, and patents are also granted for the novel synthesis of Styrylquinolines. According to the structure-activity relationship, replacement at the R-7 and R-8 positions is required for various activities.
In this review, recent synthetic approaches in the medicinal chemistry of Styrylquinolines and potent Styrylquinolines derivatives based on structural activity relationships (SAR) are outlined. Moreover, their primary methods and modifications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Saini
- MM College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Hr, India
| | - Rina Das
- MM College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Hr, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Mehta
- MM College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Hr, India
| | - Samrat Chauhan
- MM College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Hr, India
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17
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Kucharski DJ, Jaszczak MK, Boratyński PJ. A Review of Modifications of Quinoline Antimalarials: Mefloquine and (hydroxy)Chloroquine. Molecules 2022; 27:1003. [PMID: 35164267 PMCID: PMC8838516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-stage modification of drug molecules is a fast method to introduce diversity into the already biologically active scaffold. A notable number of analogs of mefloquine, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine have been synthesized, starting from the readily available active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). In the current review, all the modifications sites and reactivity types are summarized and provide insight into the chemistry of these molecules. The approaches include the introduction of simple groups and functionalities. Coupling to other drugs, polymers, or carriers afforded hybrid compounds or conjugates with either easily hydrolyzable or more chemically inert bonds. The utility of some of the compounds was tested in antiprotozoal, antibacterial, and antiproliferative assays, as well as in enantiodifferentiation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Przemysław J. Boratyński
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland; (D.J.K.); (M.K.J.)
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18
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Vidyavathi G, Kumar BV, Raghu AV, Aravinda T, Hani U, Murthy HA, Shridhar A. Punica granatum pericarp extract catalyzed green chemistry approach for synthesizing novel ligand and its metal(II) complexes: Molecular docking/DNA interactions. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Ghora S, Sreenivasulu C, Satyanarayana G. A Domino Heck Coupling–Cyclization–Dehydrogenative Strategy for the One-Pot Synthesis of Quinolines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1589-7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAn efficient, one-pot, domino synthesis of quinolines via the coupling of iodoanilines with allylic alcohols facilitated by palladium catalysis is described. The overall synthetic process involves an intermolecular Heck coupling between 2-iodoanilines and allylic alcohols, intramolecular condensation of in situ generated ketones with an internal amine functional group, and a dehydrogenation sequence. Notably, this protocol occurs in water as a green solvent. Significantly, the method exhibits broad substrate scope and is applied for the synthesis of deuterated quinolines through a deuterium-exchange process.
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20
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Synthesis and in silico ADME/Tox profiling studies of heterocyclic hybrids based on chloroquine scaffolds with potential antimalarial activity. Parasitol Res 2021; 121:441-451. [PMID: 34778907 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of heterocyclic chloroquine hybrids containing either a β-phenethylamine fragment or a 2-aminoindane moiety were synthesized and screened in vitro as inhibitors of β-hematin formation and in vivo for their antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive strains of Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Although these new compounds were not found to be more active than chloroquine in vivo, all new compounds significantly reduced heme crystallization with IC50 values < 1 μM. Compounds 12 and 13 were able to inhibit heme crystallization with IC50 values of 0.39 ± 0.09 and 0.48 ± 0.02 μM, respectively, and these values were comparable to that of chloroquine with an IC50 value of 0.18 ± 0.03. It was also determined that the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties were moderately favorable after in silico evaluation, derivatives 8 and 10 did not present hepatotoxicity, and the in vitro hemolytic activity against red blood cells was found to be low. Spectral (infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and elemental analysis) data for all final compounds were consistent with the proposed structures.
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21
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Zaib S, Munir R, Younas MT, Kausar N, Ibrar A, Aqsa S, Shahid N, Asif TT, Alsaab HO, Khan I. Hybrid Quinoline-Thiosemicarbazone Therapeutics as a New Treatment Opportunity for Alzheimer's Disease‒Synthesis, In Vitro Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potential and Computational Modeling Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216573. [PMID: 34770983 PMCID: PMC8587653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia worldwide. The limited pharmacological approaches based on cholinesterase inhibitors only provide symptomatic relief to AD patients. Moreover, the adverse side effects such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, muscle cramps, and headaches associated with these drugs and numerous clinical trial failures present substantial limitations on the use of medications and call for a detailed insight of disease heterogeneity and development of preventive and multifactorial therapeutic strategies on urgent basis. In this context, we herein report a series of quinoline-thiosemicarbazone hybrid therapeutics as selective and potent inhibitors of cholinesterases. A facile multistep synthetic approach was utilized to generate target structures bearing multiple sites for chemical modifications and establishing drug-receptor interactions. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were fully established using readily available spectroscopic techniques (FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR). In vitro inhibitory results revealed compound 5b as a promising and lead inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.12 ± 0.02 μM, a 5-fold higher potency than standard drug (galantamine; IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.01 μM). The synergistic effect of electron-rich (methoxy) group and ethylmorpholine moiety in quinoline-thiosemicarbazone conjugates contributes significantly in improving the inhibition level. Molecular docking analysis revealed various vital interactions of potent compounds with amino acid residues and reinforced the in vitro results. Kinetics experiments revealed the competitive mode of inhibition while ADME properties favored the translation of identified inhibitors into safe and promising drug candidates for pre-clinical testing. Collectively, inhibitory activity data and results from key physicochemical properties merit further research to ensure the design and development of safe and high-quality drug candidates for Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (R.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Rubina Munir
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.A.); (N.S.); (T.T.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (R.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Younas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Naghmana Kausar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan;
| | - Sehar Aqsa
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.A.); (N.S.); (T.T.A.)
| | - Noorma Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.A.); (N.S.); (T.T.A.)
| | - Tahira Tasneem Asif
- Department of Chemistry, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.A.); (N.S.); (T.T.A.)
| | - Hashem O. Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (R.M.); (I.K.)
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22
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Microwave prompted solvent-free synthesis of new series of heterocyclic tagged 7-arylidene indanone hybrids and their computational, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity study. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105259. [PMID: 34426144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the expeditious synthesis of ten new antifungal and antioxidant agents containing heterocyclic linked 7-arylidene indanone moiety. The solvent-free microwave technique, ample substrate scope, superfast synthesis, and very simple operation are noteworthy features of this protocol. Antifungal activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated against four fungal strains namely Rhizophus oryzae, Mucor mucido, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans. Most of the compounds were shown strong inhibition of the investigated fungal agents. In vitro, antioxidant potential against DPPH and OH radicals affirmed that the synthesized compounds are good to excellent radicals scavenging agents. The cytotoxicity data of the synthesized compounds towards HL-60 cells uncovered that the synthesized compounds display very low to negligible cytotoxicity. The structural and quantum chemical parameters of the synthesized compounds were explored by employing density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP functional using 6-311G(d,p) basis set. The compound 3a is discussed in detail for the theoretical and experimental correlation. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) at CAM-B3LYP functional with 6-311G(d,p) basis set was used for the electronic absorption study in the gas phase and indichloromethane and benzene solvents. The UV-Visible absorption peaks and fundamental vibrational wavenumbers were computed and a good agreement between observed and theoretical results has been achieved. From the DFT and antifungal activity correlation, it has been found that the 7-heteroarylidene indanones with more stabilized LUMO energy levels display good antifungal potential.
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23
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El-Saghier AM, El-Naggar M, Hussein AHM, El-Adasy ABA, Olish M, Abdelmonsef AH. Eco-Friendly Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In Silico Molecular Docking Approach of Some New Quinoline Derivatives as Potential Antioxidant and Antibacterial Agents. Front Chem 2021; 9:679967. [PMID: 34178944 PMCID: PMC8222571 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.679967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of quinoline derivatives 5–12 were efficiently synthesized via one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) of resorcinol, aromatic aldehydes, β-ketoesters, and aliphatic/aromatic amines under solvent-free conditions. All products were obtained in excellent yields, pure at low-cost processing, and short time. The structures of all compounds were characterized by means of spectral and elemental analyses. In addition, all the synthesized compounds 5–12 were in vitro screened for their antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Moreover, in silico molecular docking studies of the new quinoline derivatives with the target enzymes, human NAD (P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) and DNA gyrase, were achieved to endorse their binding affinities and to understand ligand–enzyme possible intermolecular interactions. Compound 9 displayed promising antioxidant and antibacterial activity, as well as it was found to have the highest negative binding energy of -9.1 and -9.3 kcal/mol for human NAD (P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) and DNA gyrase, respectively. Further, it complied with the Lipinski’s rule of five, Veber, and Ghose. Therefore, the quinoline analogue 9 could be promising chemical scaffold for the development of future drug candidates as antioxidant and antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M El-Saghier
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Abu-Bakr A El-Adasy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - M Olish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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24
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An W, Lee SH, Kim D, Oh H, Kim S, Byun Y, Kim HJ, Mishra NK, Kim IS. Site-Selective C8-Alkylation of Quinoline N-Oxides with Maleimides under Rh(III) Catalysis. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7579-7587. [PMID: 33949193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective modification of quinolines and their analogs has emerged as a pivotal topic in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Herein, we describe the rhodium(III)-catalyzed C8-alkylation of quinoline N-oxides with maleimides as alkylating agents, resulting in the formation of bioactive succinimide-containing quinoline derivatives. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with complete functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won An
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Hun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio and Drug Discovery, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Harin Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suho Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjung Byun
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Bio and Drug Discovery, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | | | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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25
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Olateju OA, Babalola CP, Olubiyi OO, Kotila OA, Kwasi DA, Oaikhena AO, Okeke IN. Quinoline Antimalarials Increase the Antibacterial Activity of Ampicillin. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:556550. [PMID: 34149629 PMCID: PMC8206527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.556550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and malaria co-infections are common in malaria endemic countries and thus necessitate co-administration of antibiotics and antimalarials. There have long been anecdotal clinical reports of interactions between penicillins and antimalarial agents, but the nature and mechanisms of these interactions remain to be investigated. In this study, we employed antimicrobial interaction testing methods to study the effect of two antimalarials on the antibacterial activity of ampicillin in vitro. Paper strip diffusion, a modified disc diffusion and checkerboard methods were used to determine the nature of interactions between ampicillin and quinoline antimalarials, chloroquine and quinine, against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The impact of antimalarials and ampicillin-antimalarial drug combinations on cell integrity of test bacteria were determined by measuring potassium release. The tested antimalarials did not show substantial antibacterial activity but quinine was bactericidal at high concentrations. Chloroquine and quinine increased ampicillin activity, with increasing concentrations extending the antibacterial’s inhibition zones by 2.7-4.4 mm and from 1.1 to over 60 mm, respectively. Observed interactions were largely additive with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Indices of >0.5-1 for all ampicillin-antimalarial combinations. Quinine and, to a lesser extent, chloroquine increase the activity of ampicillin and potentially other β-lactams, which has implications for combined clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olajumoke A Olateju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Chinedum P Babalola
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Centre for Drug Discovery Development and Production (CDDDP), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olujide O Olubiyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka A Kotila
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Centre for Drug Discovery Development and Production (CDDDP), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - David A Kwasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anderson O Oaikhena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Iruka N Okeke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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26
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Tiwari V, Joshi P, Yadav K, Sharma A, Chowdhury S, Manhas A, Kumar N, Tripathi R, Haq W. Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of 4-Methylaminoquinoline Compounds against Drug-Resistant Parasite. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:12984-12994. [PMID: 34056449 PMCID: PMC8158791 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 4-aminoquinoline analogues bearing a methyl group at 4-aminoquinoline moiety were synthesized via a new and robust synthetic route comprising in situ tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) deprotection-methylation cascade resulting in the corresponding N-methylated secondary amine using Red-Al and an efficient microwave-assisted strategy for the fusion of N-methylated secondary amine with 4-chloroquinoline nucleus to access the series of novel 4-N-methylaminoquinoline analogues. The new series of compounds were evaluated for their antimalarial activity in in vitro and in vivo models. Among 21 tested compounds, 9a-i have shown a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value less than 0.5 μM (i.e., <500 nM) against both chloroquine-sensitive strain 3D7 and chloroquine-resistant strain K1 of Plasmodium falciparum with acceptable cytotoxicity. Based on the in vitro antimalarial activity, selected compounds were screened for their in vivo antimalarial activity against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis (a multidrug-resistant) parasite in Swiss mice. Most of the compounds have shown significant inhibition on day 4 post infection at the oral dose of 100 mg/kg. Compound 9a has shown 100% parasite inhibition on day 4, and out of five treated mice, two were cured till the end of the experiment. The present study suggests that 4-methylamino substitution is well tolerated for the antiplasmodial activity with reduced toxicity and therefore will be highly useful for the discovery of a new antimalarial agent against drug-resistant malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay
Shankar Tiwari
- Medicinal
and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Prince Joshi
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sushobhan Chowdhury
- Medicinal
and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ashan Manhas
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Niti Kumar
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Renu Tripathi
- Division
of Molecular Parasitology and Immunology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Wahajul Haq
- Medicinal
and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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27
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Bera S, Biswas A, Samanta R. Straightforward Construction and Functionalizations of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles Through Migratory Insertion of Metal-Carbenes/Nitrenes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3411-3428. [PMID: 33913245 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are widely found in various biologically active substrates, pharmaceuticals, natural products and organic materials. Consequently, the continuous effort has been devoted towards the development of straightforward, economical, environmentally acceptable, efficient and ingenious methods for the synthesis of various N-containing heterocycles and their functionalizations. Arguably, one of the most prominent direct strategy is regioselective C-H bond functionalizations which provide the step and atom economical approaches in the presence of suitable coupling partners. In this context, site-selective migratory insertion of metal carbenes/nitrenes to the desired C-H bonds has proven as a useful tool to access various functionalized nitrogen heterocycles. In this personal account, we highlight some of our contemporary development toward constructing N-containing heterocycles and their direct functionalizations via transition metal catalysed C-H bond functionalizations based on migratory insertion of metal-carbenes and nitrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Aniruddha Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajarshi Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
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28
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Bokosi FRB, Beteck RM, Mbaba M, Mtshare TE, Laming D, Hoppe HC, Khanye SD. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of mono- and bisquinoline methanamine derivatives as potential antiplasmodial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 38:127855. [PMID: 33609655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of antimalarial drugs are currently available, although issues of toxicity and the emergence of drug resistant malaria parasites have reduced their overall therapeutic efficiency. Quinoline based antiplasmodial drugs have unequivocally been long-established and continue to inspire the design of new antimalarial agents. Herein, a series of mono- and bisquinoline methanamine derivatives were synthesised through sequential steps; Vilsmeier-Haack, reductive amination, and nucleophilic substitution, and obtained in low to excellent yields. The resulting compounds were investigated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the 3D7 chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum, and compounds 40 and 59 emerged as the most promising with IC50 values of 0.23 and 0.93 µM, respectively. The most promising compounds were also evaluated in silico by molecular docking protocols for binding affinity to the {001} fast-growing face of a hemozoin crystal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fostino R B Bokosi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
| | - Richard M Beteck
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Mziyanda Mbaba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Thanduxolo E Mtshare
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Dustin Laming
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Heinrich C Hoppe
- Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Setshaba D Khanye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; Centre for Chemico- and Biomedicinal Research, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
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29
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Habibi-Khorassani SM, Shahraki M, Talaiefar S. Kinetics and a mechanistic investigation of 2H-thiopyrano [2, 3-b] quinoline-2, 3-dicarboxylates from 2-mercaptoquinoline-3-carbaldehydes, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and triphenylphosphine: Empirical approach. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2020.1833330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Shahraki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Talaiefar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
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30
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Sachdeva C, Kumar S, Kaushik NK. Exploration of Anti-plasmodial Activity of Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (family: Rosaceae) and Its Wood Chromatographic Fractions. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:205-212. [PMID: 32940831 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing resistance to the currently available antimalarial drugs is a leading cause of failure to control malaria. Plant-based medicines are commonly used to manage numerous infections, making medicinal plants the best possible source of alternative antimalarial drugs. The objective of this study is therefore to identify antimalarial potential of Prunus cerasoides. METHODS Here, anti-plasmodial activity of crude methanolic and aqueous extracts of Prunus cerasoides and fractions obtained by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) were tested for in vitro activity against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 and chloroquine resistant INDO & Dd2 strains using SYBR Green I assay. The cytotoxic activity of active extracts/fractions was evaluated against mammalian cell lines-HeLa using MTT assay. RESULTS Aqueous extracts of leaves, wood, bark and fruit of P. cerasoides showed poor to no activity up to 100 µg/ml, however methanolic extract showed moderate (IC50: 21-60 µg/ml) to poor (IC50: 61-100 µg/ml) anti-plasmodial activity. Fractionation of wood methanolic extract led to enrichment in antimalarial activity in some of its fractions as out of 17 fractions collected, good anti-plasmodial activity (IC50: 1-20 µg/ml) was shown by three fractions and nine fractions showed moderate anti-plasmodial activity. However, five fractions showed poor to no activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50:61-100 and >100 µg/ml respectively). Furthermore, these active fractions showed no cytotoxic effects on mammalian cell lines. CONCLUSION Findings of this study elucidate the anti-plasmodial potential of P. cerasoides and validate its traditional usage suggesting that it could be a possible source of a drug candidate in combating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Sachdeva
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Germplasm Division, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture (Govt. of India), New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Naveen K Kaushik
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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31
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Mehata MS. An efficient excited-state proton transfer fluorescence quenching based probe (7-hydroxyquinoline) for sensing trivalent cations in aqueous environment. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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32
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Xu Z, Chen H, Deng GJ, Huang H. Copper-Catalyzed Formal [3 + 3] Annulations of Arylketoximes and o-Fluorobenzaldehydes: An Entry to Quinoline Compounds. Org Lett 2021; 23:936-942. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Hongbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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33
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Bisht R, Bhattacharyya A, Shrivastava A, Saxena P. An Overview of the Medicinally Important Plant Type III PKS Derived Polyketides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:746908. [PMID: 34721474 PMCID: PMC8551677 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce interesting secondary metabolites that are a valuable source of both medicines for human use, along with significant advantages for the manufacturer species. The active compounds which lead to these instrumental effects are generally secondary metabolites produced during various plant growth phases, which provide the host survival advantages while affecting human health inadvertently. Different chemical classes of secondary metabolites are biosynthesized by the plant type III polyketide synthases (PKSs). They are simple homodimeric proteins with the unique mechanistic potential to produce a broad array of secondary metabolites by utilizing simpler starter and extender units. These PKS derived products are majorly the precursors of some important secondary metabolite pathways leading to products such as flavonoids, stilbenes, benzalacetones, chromones, acridones, xanthones, cannabinoids, aliphatic waxes, alkaloids, anthrones, and pyrones. These secondary metabolites have various pharmaceutical, medicinal and industrial applications which make biosynthesizing type III PKSs an important tool for bioengineering purposes. Because of their structural simplicity and ease of manipulation, these enzymes have garnered interest in recent years due to their application in the generation of unnatural natural polyketides and modified products in the search for newer drugs for a variety of health problems. The following review covers the biosynthesis of a variety of type III PKS-derived secondary metabolites, their biological relevance, the associated enzymes, and recent research.
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34
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El-Shershaby MH, El-Gamal KM, Bayoumi AH, El-Adl K, Alswah M, Ahmed HEA, Al-Karmalamy AA, Abulkhair HS. The antimicrobial potential and pharmacokinetic profiles of novel quinoline-based scaffolds: synthesis and in silico mechanistic studies as dual DNA gyrase and DHFR inhibitors. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02838c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The resistance of pathogenic microbes to currently available antimicrobial agents has been considered a global alarming concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H. El-Shershaby
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
| | - Kamal M. El-Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
| | - Ashraf H. Bayoumi
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Mohamed Alswah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
| | - Hany E. A. Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalamy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Horus University - Egypt
- New Damietta
- Egypt
| | - Hamada S. Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Al-Azhar University
- Nasr City 11884
- Egypt
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35
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Kumari S, Salian SR, Rao A, Somagond SM, Kamble RR, Nesaragi A, Das J, Rajanikant GK, Mutalik S, Raghu SV, Adiga SK, Kalthur G. Quinoline Derivative Enhances Human Sperm Motility and Improves the Functional Competence. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1316-1332. [PMID: 33237520 PMCID: PMC8076127 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00382-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the beneficial properties of novel quinoline derivatives on human sperm motility and its functional competence. Nine novel quinoline derivatives were screened for their effect on motility in human spermatozoa from normozoospermic ejaculates. Compounds with impressive sperm motility enhancement properties were further assessed for their effect on functional competence of human spermatozoa. To determine the effect on the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa processed with quinoline derivatives and to assess developmental competence of embryos derived, in vitro fertilization (IVF) was performed using mouse model. Among the nine quinoline derivatives, 2 compounds (6MQT and 2,6DQT) exhibited significant enhancement in sperm progressive motility and survival at 24 h. Further, non-significant increase in curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) was observed. Capacitation, intracellular cAMP level and tyrosine phosphorylated sperm proteins were significantly higher in 6MQT (P < 0.05) and 2,6DQT (P < 0.001) compared to control. In vitro fertilization (IVF) experiments using Swiss albino mice revealed that spermatozoa processed with 6MQT had non-significantly higher blastocyst rate and a superior blastocyst quality, while, 2,6DQT resulted in significantly lower blastocyst rate (P < 0.05) compared to control. Quinoline derivative 6MQT has significant motility enhancement property under in vitro conditions. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Kumari
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Sujith Raj Salian
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Arpitha Rao
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Shilpa M Somagond
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 003, India
| | - Ravindra R Kamble
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 003, India
| | - Aravind Nesaragi
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580 003, India
| | - Jyotirekha Das
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673 601, India
| | - G K Rajanikant
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, Kerala, 673 601, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Lab, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalaganothri, Konaje, Karnataka, 574199, India
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Clinical Embryology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India.
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El-Shershaby MH, El-Gamal KM, Bayoumi AH, El-Adl K, Ahmed HEA, Abulkhair HS. Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, DNA gyrase inhibition, and in silico pharmacokinetic studies of novel quinoline derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000277. [PMID: 33078877 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of novel quinoline derivatives as DNA gyrase inhibitors. The preliminary antimicrobial activity was assessed against a panel of pathogenic microbes including Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis), Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), and fungal strains (Aspergillus fumigatus, Syncephalastrum racemosum, Geotrichum candidum, and Candida albicans). Compounds that revealed the best activity were subjected to further biological studies to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against the selected pathogens as well as their in vitro activity against the E. coli DNA gyrase, to realize whether their antimicrobial action is mediated via inhibition of this enzyme. Four of the new derivatives (14, 17, 20, and 23) demonstrated a relatively potent antimicrobial activity with MIC values in the range of 0.66-5.29 μg/ml. Among them, compound 14 exhibited a particularly potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against most of the tested strains of bacteria and fungi, with MIC values in the range of 0.66-3.98 μg/ml. A subsequent in vitro investigation against the bacterial DNA gyrase target enzyme revealed a significant potent inhibitory activity of quinoline derivative 14, which can be observed from its IC50 value (3.39 μM). Also, a molecular docking study of the most active compounds was carried out to explore the binding affinity of the new ligands toward the active site of DNA gyrase enzyme as a proposed target of their activity. Furthermore, the ADMET profiles of the most highly effective derivatives were analyzed to evaluate their potentials to be developed as good drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H El-Shershaby
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kamal M El-Gamal
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf H Bayoumi
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Adl
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta, Egypt
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37
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Dhiman AK, Thakur A, Kumar R, Sharma U. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Selective C−H Bond Functionalization of Quinolines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankit K. Dhiman
- Chemical Technology Division and AcSIR CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur India
| | - Ankita Thakur
- Chemical Technology Division and AcSIR CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Chemical Technology Division and AcSIR CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Chemical Technology Division and AcSIR CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Palampur India
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38
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Wang W, Chen J, Zhu Y, Feng F. Activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 68:927-937. [PMID: 32865272 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The results of the traditional prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs are inaccurate, so the prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs based on the deep learning is designed. The molecular holographic distance vector method was used to describe the molecular structure of 40 aminoquinoline compounds, and the principal component regression method was used for modeling and quantitative analysis. Two methods were used to predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs. The correlation coefficients of the results obtained from the two sets of activity data and the cross test were 0.9438 and 0.9737, and 0.8305 and 0.9098, respectively. Our data suggested that method for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning studied in this paper can better predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs and provide a strong basis for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenle Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Yujie Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangsu Food & Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, China
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39
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Selvaraj J, Prabha T, Yadav N. Identification of Drug Candidates for Breast Cancer Therapy Through Scaffold Repurposing: A Brief Review. Curr Drug Res Rev 2020; 13:3-15. [PMID: 32838729 DOI: 10.2174/2589977512666200824103019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conventional drug discovery is a time consuming and expensive expedition with less clinical preference achievement proportion intended for breast cancer therapy. Even if numerous novel approaches to the conformation of drugs have been introduced for breast cancer therapy, they are yet to be implemented in clinical practice. This tempting strategy facilitates a remarkable chance to take the entire benefit of existing drugs. Despite drug repurposing significantly decrease the investigational period and cost, it has got many objections and issues. Scaffold repurposing is an approach that procures a novel significance on the decrepit motto of "to commencement with a pristine drug" . Hence, we move into a probable and nearer approach, the exploitation of scaffolds, which was originally developed for other purposes, including anti-tumor activity. In this review, we summarize different drugs and scaffolds used in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubie Selvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Thangavelu Prabha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Koorapalayam Pirivu, Pitchandam Palayam Post, Erode-638052, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Neetu Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
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40
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Adole VA, Waghchaure RH, Pathade SS, Patil MR, Pawar TB, Jagdale BS. Solvent-free grindstone synthesis of four new (E)-7-(arylidene)-indanones and their structural, spectroscopic and quantum chemical study: a comprehensive theoretical and experimental exploration. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1800690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu A. Adole
- Department of Chemistry, Loknete Vyankatrao Hiray Arts, Science and Commerce College Panchavati (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
- Department of Chemistry, Arts, Science and Commerce College (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Manmad, Nashik, India
| | - Ravindra H. Waghchaure
- Department of Chemistry, Loknete Vyankatrao Hiray Arts, Science and Commerce College Panchavati (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
- Department of Chemistry, Arts, Commerce and Science College Karanjali (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
| | - Sandip S. Pathade
- Department of Chemistry, Loknete Vyankatrao Hiray Arts, Science and Commerce College Panchavati (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
- Department of Chemistry, Maharaja Sayajirao Gaikwad Arts, Science and Commerce College Malegaon (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
| | - Manohar R. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, G. T. Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College (Affiliated to KBC NM University, Jalgaon), Nandurbar, India
| | - Thansing B. Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Loknete Vyankatrao Hiray Arts, Science and Commerce College Panchavati (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
| | - Bapu S. Jagdale
- Department of Chemistry, Loknete Vyankatrao Hiray Arts, Science and Commerce College Panchavati (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Nashik, India
- Department of Chemistry, Arts, Science and Commerce College (Affiliated to SP Pune University, Pune), Manmad, Nashik, India
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41
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Singha R, Basak P, Bhattacharya M, Ghosh P. Graphene Oxide Catalyzed One‐pot Synthesis of Pyrimido[4,5‐b]quinolinone‐2,4‐diones and their Biological Evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabindranath Singha
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Bengal Dist Darjeeling West Bengal India
| | - Puja Basak
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Bengal Dist Darjeeling West Bengal India
| | - Malay Bhattacharya
- Department of Tea ScienceUniversity of North Bengal, Dist-Darjeeling West Bengal 734013 India
| | - Pranab Ghosh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Bengal Dist Darjeeling West Bengal India
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42
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Haredi Abdelmonsef A, Eldeeb Mohamed M, El-Naggar M, Temairk H, Mohamed Mosallam A. Novel Quinazolin-2,4-Dione Hybrid Molecules as Possible Inhibitors Against Malaria: Synthesis and in silico Molecular Docking Studies. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:105. [PMID: 32582763 PMCID: PMC7291371 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The research explores the synthesis of a series of novel hybrid quinazolin-2,4-dione analogs bearing acetyl/amide bridged-nitrogen heterocyclic moieties such as azetidinone, pyrrole, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiazole, pyrazole, and thiazolidine scaffolds 2-16. The newly synthesized compounds were structurally confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and elemental analysis. In addition, an in silico molecular docking analysis of new compounds and standard drug (Chloroquine) has been performed to analyze the binding modes of interaction to the putative active site of Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (pfDHODH). Aiming to search for potentially better antimalarials, a modern approach has been undertaken to identify new quinazolin-2,4-dione derivatives targeting pfDHODH. The identification of antimalarial activity of the newly synthesized compounds by using experimental techniques is expensive and requires extensive pains and labor. The compound 11 showed the highest binding affinity against pfDHODH. Moreover, the electrostatic potential (ESP) of the docked molecules was also calculated. Further, the pharmacokinetic properties (ADMET) of the prepared compounds were predicted through in silico technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohamed El-Naggar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussain Temairk
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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43
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Mekheimer RA, Al-Sheikh MA, Medrasi HY, Sadek KU. Advancements in the synthesis of fused tetracyclic quinoline derivatives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19867-19935. [PMID: 35520416 PMCID: PMC9054245 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02786c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fused tetracyclic systems containing a quinoline nucleus represent an important class of heterocyclic bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals because of their significant and wide-spectrum biological properties. Several of these compounds have been obtained with diverse pharmacological and biological activities, such as antiplasmodial, antifungal, antibacterial, potent antiparasitic, antiproliferative, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. This information will be beneficial for medicinal chemists in the field of drug discovery to design and synthesize new fused tetracyclic quinolines as potent therapeutical agents. This review article provides a comprehensive report regarding the methods developed for the synthesis of fused tetracyclic quinolines reported so far (till October 2019). The article includes synthesis by one-pot domino reaction, microwave synthesis using a catalyst, using ionic liquids, photocatalytic synthesis (UV radiation), Pfitzinger reaction, I2-catalyzed cyclization reaction, Wittig reaction, cascade reaction, imino Diels-Alder reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, CDC reaction, solvent-free reactions and using small chiral organic molecules as catalysts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focused on the synthesis of fused tetracyclic quinolines along with mechanistic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan A Mekheimer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Mariam A Al-Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanadi Y Medrasi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal U Sadek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
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44
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Sangwan R, Saini M, Verma R, Kumar S, Banerjee M, Jain S. Synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives using ionic liquids, quantum chemical studies and anticancer activity. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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45
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Vinoth N, Kalaiarasi C, Kumaradhas P, Vadivel P, Lalitha A. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New N‐Substituted Hexahydroquinolinone Derivatives and X‐Ray Crystallographic Studies. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pullar Vadivel
- Department of ChemistrySalem Sowdeswari College Salem- 636010 Tamilnadu India
| | - Appaswami Lalitha
- Department of ChemistryPeriyar University Salem- 636011 Tamilnadu India
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46
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Grigor’eva NG, Agliullin MR, Kostyleva SA, Bubennov SV, Bikbaeva VR, Gataulin AR, Filippova NA, Kutepov BI, Narender N. Mesoporous Aluminosilicates in the Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Compounds. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158419020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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47
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Bilavendran JD, Manikandan A, Thangarasu P, Sivakumar K. Synthesis and biological activities of nitro‐hydroxy‐phenylquinolines; validation of antibiotics effect over DNA gyrase inhibition and antimicrobial activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J D. Bilavendran
- Research and Development CentreBharathiar University Coimbatore India
| | - Alagumuthu Manikandan
- Department of BiotechnologySchool of Bio‐Sciences and Technology, VIT University Vellore India
| | | | - K Sivakumar
- Department of ChemistryAdhiyamaan College of Engineering India
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48
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Rathi P, Khanna R, Jaswal VS. Quantum parameters based study of some heterocycles using density functional theory method: A comparative theoretical study. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201900134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Rathi
- Department of Chemistry, MMECMaharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Ambala India
| | - Radhika Khanna
- Department of Chemistry, MMECMaharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Ambala India
| | - Vivek Sheel Jaswal
- Department of Chemistry, MMECMaharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) Ambala India
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49
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Kouznetsov VV, Vargas Méndez LY, Puerto Galvis CE, Ortiz Villamizar MC. The direct C–H alkenylation of quinoline N-oxides as a suitable strategy for the synthesis of promising antiparasitic drugs. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05054j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the direct C–H alkenylation of quinoline N-oxides covering the metal-free and transition-metal catalysed protocols, and the regioselectivity during the synthesis of antiparasitic drugs based on quinoline scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Kouznetsov
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular
- CMN
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará
- Piedecuesta 681011
| | - Leonor Y. Vargas Méndez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular
- CMN
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará
- Piedecuesta 681011
| | - Carlos E. Puerto Galvis
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular
- CMN
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará
- Piedecuesta 681011
| | - Marlyn C. Ortiz Villamizar
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular
- CMN
- Universidad Industrial de Santander
- Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará
- Piedecuesta 681011
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50
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Kumar R, Sharma R, Kumar I, Upadhyay P, Dhiman AK, Kumar R, Kumar R, Purohit R, Sahal D, Sharma U. Evaluation of Antiplasmodial Potential of C2 and C8 Modified Quinolines: in vitro and in silico Study. Med Chem 2019; 15:790-800. [PMID: 30324888 DOI: 10.2174/1573406414666181015144413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria remains a common life-threatening infectious disease across the globe due to the development of resistance by Plasmodium parasite against most antimalarial drugs. The situation demands new and effective drug candidates against Plasmodium. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to design, synthesize and test novel quinoline based molecules against the malaria parasite. METHODS C2 and C8 modified quinoline analogs obtained via C-H bond functionalization approach were synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of growth of P. falciparum grown in human red blood cells using SYBR Green microtiter plate based screening. Computational molecular docking studies were carried out with top fourteen molecules using Autodoc software. RESULTS The biological evaluation results revealed good activity of quinoline-8-acrylate 3f (IC50 14.2 µM), and the 2-quinoline-α-hydroxypropionates 4b (IC50 6.5 µM), 4j (IC50 5.5 µM) and 4g (IC50 9.5 µM), against chloroquine sensitive Pf3D7 strain. Top fourteen molecules were screened also against chloroquine resistant Pf INDO strain and the observed resistant indices were found to lie between 1 and 7.58. Computational molecular docking studies indicated a unique mode of binding of these quinolines to Falcipain-2 and heme moiety, indicating these to be the probable targets of their antiplasmodial action. CONCLUSION An important finding of our work is the fact that unlike Chloroquine which shows a resistance Index of 15, the resistance indices for the most promising molecules studied by us were about one indicating equal potency against drug sensitive and resistant strains of the malaria parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India
| | - Inder Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India
| | - Pooja Upadhyay
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Dhiman
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global, India
| | - Rituraj Purohit
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India.,Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176 061, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh-176 061, India
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