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Cao X, Cheng XW, Liu YY, Dai HW, Gan RY. Inhibition of pathogenic microbes in oral infectious diseases by natural products: Sources, mechanisms, and challenges. Microbiol Res 2024; 279:127548. [PMID: 38016378 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of oral health is of utmost importance for an individual's holistic well-being and standard of living. Within the oral cavity, symbiotic microorganisms actively safeguard themselves against potential foreign diseases by upholding a multifaceted equilibrium. Nevertheless, the occurrence of an imbalance can give rise to a range of oral infectious ailments, such as dental caries, periodontitis, and oral candidiasis. Presently, clinical interventions encompass the physical elimination of pathogens and the administration of antibiotics to regulate bacterial and fungal infections. Given the limitations of various antimicrobial drugs frequently employed in dental practice, the rising incidence of oral inflammation, and the escalating bacterial resistance to antibiotics, it is imperative to explore alternative remedies that are dependable, efficacious, and affordable for the prevention and management of oral infectious ailments. There is an increasing interest in the creation of novel antimicrobial agents derived from natural sources, which possess attributes such as safety, cost-effectiveness, and minimal adverse effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of natural products on the development and progression of oral infectious diseases. Specifically, these products exert their influences by mitigating dental biofilm formation, impeding the proliferation of oral pathogens, and hindering bacterial adhesion to tooth surfaces. The review also encompasses an examination of the various classes of natural products, their antimicrobial mechanisms, and their potential therapeutic applications and limitations in the context of oral infections. The insights garnered from this review can support the promising application of natural products as viable therapeutic options for managing oral infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cao
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Xing-Wang Cheng
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yin-Ying Liu
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Hong-Wei Dai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, China.
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117542, Singapore.
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2
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Moghaddam A, Ranjbar R, Yazdanian M, Tahmasebi E, Alam M, Abbasi K, Hosseini ZS, Tebyaniyan H. The Current Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Synthetic/Herbal/Biomaterials in Dental Application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8856025. [PMID: 35958811 PMCID: PMC9363208 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8856025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herbal and chemical products are used for oral care and biofilm treatment and also have been reported to be controversial in the massive trials conducted in this regard. The present review is aimed at evaluating the potential of relevant herbal and chemical products and comparing their outcomes to conventional oral care products and summarizing the current state of evidence of the antibiofilm properties of different products by evaluating studies from the past eleven years. Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), essential oils (EOs), and acetylpyridinium chloride were, respectively, the most commonly studied agents in the included studies. As confirmed by all systematic reviews, CHX and EO significantly control the plaque formation and gingival indices. Fluoride is another interesting reagent in oral care products that has shown promising results of oral health improvement, but the evidence quality needs to be refined. The synergy between natural plants and chemical products should be targeted in the future to accede to the formation of new, efficient, and healthy anticaries strategies. Moreover, to discover their biofilm-interfering or biofilm-inhibiting activities, effective clinical trials are needed. In this review article, therapeutic applications of herbal/chemical materials in oral biofilm infections are discussed in recent years (2010-2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Moghaddam
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Dentistry, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Tahmasebi
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Abbasi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biological Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Yousaf NY, Wu G, Melis M, Mastinu M, Contini C, Cabras T, Tomassini Barbarossa I, Zhao L, Lam YY, Tepper BJ. Daily Exposure to a Cranberry Polyphenol Oral Rinse Alters the Oral Microbiome but Not Taste Perception in PROP Taster Status Classified Individuals. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071492. [PMID: 35406108 PMCID: PMC9002539 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet and salivary proteins influence the composition of the oral microbiome, and recent data suggest that TAS2R38 bitter taste genetics may also play a role. We investigated the effects of daily exposure to a cranberry polyphenol oral rinse on taste perception, salivary proteins, and oral microbiota. 6-n-Propylthiouracil (PROP) super-tasters (ST, n = 10) and non-tasters (NT, n = 10) rinsed with 30 mL of 0.75 g/L cranberry polyphenol extract (CPE) in spring water, twice daily for 11 days while consuming their habitual diets. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the NT oral microbiome composition was different than that of STs at baseline (p = 0.012) but not after the intervention (p = 0.525). Principal coordinates analysis using unweighted UniFrac distance showed that CPE modified microbiome composition in NTs (p = 0.023) but not in STs (p = 0.096). The intervention also altered specific salivary protein levels (α-amylase, MUC-5B, and selected S-type Cystatins) with no changes in sensory perception. Correlation networks between oral microbiota, salivary proteins, and sensory ratings showed that the ST microbiome had a more complex relationship with salivary proteins, particularly proline-rich proteins, than that in NTs. These findings show that CPE modulated the oral microbiome of NTs to be similar to that of STs, which could have implications for oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Y. Yousaf
- Department of Food Science & Center for Sensory Sciences & Innovation, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Center for Microbiome, Nutrition, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Melania Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Mariano Mastinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Cristina Contini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Tiziana Cabras
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Iole Tomassini Barbarossa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.M.); (M.M.); (I.T.B.)
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Center for Microbiome, Nutrition, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Y. Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Center for Microbiome, Nutrition, and Health, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (G.W.); (L.Z.)
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolism Group, Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.L.); (B.J.T.); Tel.: +1-852-3411-2922 (Y.Y.L.); +1-848-932-5417 (B.J.T.)
| | - Beverly J. Tepper
- Department of Food Science & Center for Sensory Sciences & Innovation, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.L.); (B.J.T.); Tel.: +1-852-3411-2922 (Y.Y.L.); +1-848-932-5417 (B.J.T.)
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The Antimicrobial Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract versus Chlorhexidine in High Caries Risk Individuals Using Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: A Randomized Triple-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:5563945. [PMID: 34512759 PMCID: PMC8424245 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5563945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the antibacterial effectiveness of chlorhexidine and PPE oral rinse on S. mutans, Lactobacilli, and Veillonella, in clinical salivary samples of patients with advanced stages of dental caries at baseline and two and four weeks with PCR technique. This triple-blind randomized clinical trial involved 60 high caries risk adult patients, 19–59 years of age, randomly allocated into two groups of 30 subjects each. The intervention group received pomegranate peel extract mouthwash, whereas the control group received chlorhexidine mouthwash. Unstimulated pooled saliva was collected from the floor of the mouth before and after the intervention. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to analyze the bacterial copies of each salivary sample at baseline and two and four weeks. The significance level was fixed at 5% (α = 0.05). Overall comparison of antimicrobial effectiveness across both groups revealed insignificant outcomes. The control group evinced a significant reduction in S. mutans between a specific time, i.e., baseline and 4 weeks (p=0.043). PPE oral rinse as a natural product or ecological alternative was effective in disrupting activity across all microorganisms tested in this triple-blind RCT; however, the nutraceutical, when compared to chlorhexidine, was not as effective against S. mutans.
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Mojtahedzadeh M, Mashhadi Akbar Boojar M, Habtemariam S, Nabavi SM, Najafi A, Ghahremanian A, Baktash M, Aghaabdollahian S, Sureda A, Bagheri M. Systematic review: Effectiveness of herbal oral care products on ventilator-associated pneumonia. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3665-3672. [PMID: 33891776 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) resulting from bacterial infection is a prevalent medical problem in intensive care units (ICUs). The purpose of this study was to systematically review available studies on oral products employed to control and reduce VAP in patients undergoing tracheal intubation. This study was based on a systematic review of clinical trial data from science databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of science. Articles were reviewed and selected according to defined criteria and assessed by the primary evaluation checklist. After a critical review of 3,143 search hits, only 18 relevant articles were finally selected for discussion. Our assessment revealed that chlorhexidine and some other oral herbal medications are beneficial in preventing VAP. Chlorhexidine oral dosage forms provide a remarkable role in oral health and prevention of VAP by decreasing the microbial flora in the mouth. Because of similar benefits and comparable effects, some herbal medicines can be suggested as a practical alternative to chlorhexidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories and Herbal Analysis Services, The University of Greenwich, London, UK
| | | | - Atabak Najafi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Ghahremanian
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Baktash
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Toxicology and Poisoning Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safieh Aghaabdollahian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, New Technologies Research Group, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
| | - Mahdi Bagheri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sharma A, Agarwal N, Anand A, Jabin Z. To compare the effectiveness of different mouthrinses on Streptococcus mutans count in caries active children. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:113-117. [PMID: 29892532 PMCID: PMC5993469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Streptococcus mutans is the prime microbe responsible for caries. Mouthwashes represent an effective means for decreasing their count. To ascertain this, three commercially available mouthrinses were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. MATERIALS AND METHOD Chlorhexidine, Sodium fluoride and Herbal mouth rinse were evaluated for their efficacy against S. mutans in 60 children aged 6-12 years old. Plain water acted as the control group. RESULTS The values obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. ANOVA test, student-t test and paired t-test were used for evaluation. Chlorhexidine and fluoride showed statistically significant reduction in S. mutans count as compared to herbal rinse. CONCLUSION All the mouthrinses used in the present study have shown a definite decline in S. mutans count.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Agarwal
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Kadrabad, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, 201201, India
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Nandakumar M, Nasim I. Comparative evaluation of grape seed and cranberry extracts in preventing enamel erosion: An optical emission spectrometric analysis. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:516-520. [PMID: 30294113 PMCID: PMC6161533 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_110_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental erosion is defined as the loss of tooth structure due to chemical process that does not involve bacteria. The management of such a condition calls for a comprehensive approach to identifying the cause and treating it. Aim: The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the role of grape seed extract (GSE) and cranberry extract (CE) in preventing dental erosion using optical emission spectrometry. Materials and Methods: Prepared enamel specimens were subjected to the erosive challenge using HCl for 10 s, followed by immersion in experimental natural groups and control fluoride group for 30 s and artificial saliva for 60 min. This cycle was repeated three times. The amounts of calcium and phosphorous present in the acid solution after 1st, 2nd, and 3rd erosive challenges were determined for each group using induced coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Results: The cumulative calcium and phosphorous release after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd erosive challenges were found to be the least in SnF2 group, followed by GSE group and then in CE group. Conclusion: The protective of GSE and CE was inferior to the gold standard control group of stannous fluoride role, against enamel erosion. GSE showed better remineralizing effect; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Nandakumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iffat Nasim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Patil S, Varma SA, Suragimath G, Abbayya K, Zope SA, Kale V. Evaluation of Irimedadi Taila as an adjunctive in treating plaque-induced gingivitis. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2018; 9:57-60. [PMID: 29031949 PMCID: PMC5884173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayurvedic drugs have been used since ancient times to treat diseases including periodontal diseases. Oral rinses made from ayurvedic medicines are used in periodontal therapy to control bleeding and reduce inflammation. To evaluate the efficacy of herbal preparation (Irimedadi taila) on reduction of plaque induced gingivitis. A total of 100 volunteers with clinical signs of mild to moderate gingivitis were selected and assigned to Group A (only scaling done) and Group B (scaling along with the use of Irimedadi taila). After recording the clinical parameters, the patients were instructed to use 2–3 drops of Irimedadi taila and gently massage the gums twice daily in Group B and oral hygiene instructions were given to all patients. Plaque and gingivitis assessment were carried out using the plaque index (Silness and Loe, 1964), Gingival index (Loe and Silness, 1963), and modified sulcular bleeding index (Mombelli et al.) at baseline and at 21 days post treatment. Statistically analysis was carried out using the student's paired t test for intra group comparison and unpaired t test for inter group comparison. Results showed that Irimedadi taila is effective in reducing gingival index and gingival bleeding index scores in comparison to scaling alone and the values are statistically significant with p < 0.0001. Irimedadi taila is effective in treatment of plaque induced gingivitis and can be effectively used as an adjunct to mechanical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Patil
- School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India
| | - Siddhartha A Varma
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India.
| | - Girish Suragimath
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India
| | - Keshava Abbayya
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India
| | - Sameer A Zope
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India
| | - Vishwajeet Kale
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed University, Karad, Dist.- Satara, Maharashtra state, 415110, India
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A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial in the Gingivitis Prevention with an Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin Nutritional Supplement. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7460780. [PMID: 29375198 PMCID: PMC5742508 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7460780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the effectiveness on tissue response of the new nutritional supplement made of oligomeric proanthocyanidins in induced gingivitis after 21 days of use. Material and Methods A prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was carried out on 20 patients; it is divided into an experimental group and a control group after fulfilling the selection criteria. Patients had to come 4 times during the study to register the Silness and Löe index, the gingival bleeding index, the plaque index, the inflammatory crevicular fluid study (IL6), and the changes in the brightness of the gingiva. No complementary hygiene methods were allowed during the 21 days. Results The Silness and Löe index was higher in the control group than in the experimental group, reaching a twofold difference between the groups (p < 0.0001). The gingival bleeding index also supports this fact, since the bleeding was lower in the experimental group (p < 0.005). However, the dental plaque on the tooth surface according to the plaque index was 33% higher in the experimental group (p < 0.006). Some differences in the IL-6 were found in the crevicular fluid (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Oligomeric proanthocyanidins have an effect on the periodontal tissue's health. No effects on the accumulation of plaque on the tooth surface were found, so further studies are needed to determine the nature of the plaque.
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Formulation of thermoreversible gel of cranberry juice concentrate: Evaluation, biocompatibility studies and its antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1506-1514. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Deshmukh MA, Dodamani AS, Karibasappa G, Khairnar MR, Naik RG, Jadhav HC. Comparative Evaluation of the Efficacy of Probiotic, Herbal and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Gingival Health: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC13-ZC16. [PMID: 28511500 PMCID: PMC5427426 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/23891.9462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to inherent limitations of Chlorhexidine (CHX), search for an effective and potentially safe anti-plaque agent has led to emergence of alternative products. AIM The present study evaluated the comparative efficacy of probiotic, herbal and CHX mouthwashes on gingival health of healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was randomized parallel group controlled trial. A group of 45 healthy subjects in the age group of 18-21 years received complete supragingival scaling at baseline and study variables viz., Oral Hygiene Index - Simplified (OHI-S), Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index (GI) were recorded. Subjects were then randomly divided into three groups (15 in each group) and were randomly intervened with three different mouthwashes i.e., HiOra mouthwash, CHX mouthwash and Probiotic mouthwash. Variables were again recorded on the seventh and 14th day after use of mouthwashes and data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the efficacy of CHX, HiOra regular and probiotic mouthwashes on plaque accumulation, gingival health and oral hygiene status. CONCLUSION Herbal and probiotic mouthwashes can prove to be effective alternatives to CHX with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjiri Abhay Deshmukh
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun Suresh Dodamani
- Principal, Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.C.P.M. Dental College and Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gundabaktha Karibasappa
- Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental School, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Ravindra Khairnar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Dental College and Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Gaybarao Naik
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.C.P.M. Dental College and Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harish Chaitram Jadhav
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, A.C.P.M. Dental College and Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra, India
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Mali GV, Dodamani AS, Karibasappa GN, Vishwakarma P, Jain VM. Comparative Evaluation of Arimedadi Oil with 0.2% Chlorhexidine Gluconate in Prevention of Plaque and Gingivitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC31-4. [PMID: 27630949 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/19120.8132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemical plaque control measures are advocated to maintain proper oral hygiene. Ayurvedic medicines are alternatives considered with minimal side effects to treat systemic diseases and dental diseases. So the present study was conducted to assess the anti-plaque efficacy of Arimedadi (herbal) oil against 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash. AIM To assess the anti-plaque efficacy of Arimedadi (herbal) oil against 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 45 patients aged 18 to 21 years, with mild to moderate gingivitis were recruited and were divided randomly into three groups with 15 subjects in each group. After baseline data, scaling and polishing was performed. Group A, as Control, Group B, Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash and Group C used experimental Arimedadi oil mouthwash. Instructions were given to use 10 ml mouthwash twice daily after 30 min of tooth brushing for 1 min till 21 days. Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index (GI) were taken to assess Plaque and Gingival health on 7(th) day, 14(th) day and at 21(st) day. The statistical analysis was done using Paired t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post Hoc test. RESULTS There was similar improvement in gingival health among both groups compared to control group up to 21 days (p<0.001). However from 14(th) day to 21(st) day there was no difference in gingival health between Chlorhexidine and Arimedadi group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Arimedadi oil is equally effective to Chlorhexidine gluconate as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control in prevention of plaque accumulation and gingivitis. Arimedadi oil could be an effective and safe alternative to 2% Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash due to its prophylactic and therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurao Vasant Mali
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College , Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun Suresh Dodamani
- Principal, Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College , Dhule, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Vardhaman Mulchand Jain
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College , Dhule, Maharashtra, India
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