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Intarapat S, Sukparangsi W, Gusev O, Sheng G. A Bird's-Eye View of Endangered Species Conservation: Avian Genomics and Stem Cell Approaches for Green Peafowl ( Pavo muticus). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2040. [PMID: 38002983 PMCID: PMC10671381 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aves ranks among the top two classes for the highest number of endangered and extinct species in the kingdom Animalia. Notably, the IUCN Red List classified the green peafowl as endangered. This highlights promising strategies using genetics and reproductive technologies for avian wildlife conservation. These platforms provide the capacity to predict population trends and enable the practical breeding of such species. The conservation of endangered avian species is facilitated through the application of genomic data storage and analysis. Storing the sequence is a form of biobanking. An analysis of sequence can identify genetically distinct individuals for breeding. Here, we reviewed avian genomics and stem cell approaches which not only offer hope for saving endangered species, such as the green peafowl but also for other birds threatened with extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sittipon Intarapat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Woranop Sukparangsi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand;
| | - Oleg Gusev
- Regulatory Genomics Research Center, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia;
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
| | - Guojun Sheng
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan;
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Kim YM, Woo SJ, Han JY. Strategies for the Generation of Gene Modified Avian Models: Advancement in Avian Germline Transmission, Genome Editing, and Applications. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040899. [PMID: 37107658 PMCID: PMC10137648 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian models are valuable for studies of development and reproduction and have important implications for food production. Rapid advances in genome-editing technologies have enabled the establishment of avian species as unique agricultural, industrial, disease-resistant, and pharmaceutical models. The direct introduction of genome-editing tools, such as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system, into early embryos has been achieved in various animal taxa. However, in birds, the introduction of the CRISPR system into primordial germ cells (PGCs), a germline-competent stem cell, is considered a much more reliable approach for the development of genome-edited models. After genome editing, PGCs are transplanted into the embryo to establish germline chimera, which are crossed to produce genome-edited birds. In addition, various methods, including delivery by liposomal and viral vectors, have been employed for gene editing in vivo. Genome-edited birds have wide applications in bio-pharmaceutical production and as models for disease resistance and biological research. In conclusion, the application of the CRISPR system to avian PGCs is an efficient approach for the production of genome-edited birds and transgenic avian models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seung-Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Han
- Avinnogen Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Sukparangsi W, Thongphakdee A, Intarapat S. Avian Embryonic Culture: A Perspective of In Ovo to Ex Ovo and In Vitro Studies. Front Physiol 2022; 13:903491. [PMID: 35651873 PMCID: PMC9150135 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.903491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The avian embryos growing outside the natural eggshell (ex ovo) were observed since the early 19th century, and since then chick embryonic structures have revealed reaching an in-depth view of external and internal anatomy, enabling us to understand conserved vertebrate development. However, the internal environment within an eggshell (in ovo) would still be the ideal place to perform various experiments to understand the nature of avian development and to apply other biotechnology techniques. With the advent of genetic manipulation and cell culture techniques, avian embryonic parts were dissected for explant culture to eventually generate expandable cell lines (in vitro cell culture). The expansion of embryonic cells allowed us to unravel the transcriptional network for understanding pluripotency and differentiation mechanism in the embryos and in combination with stem cell technology facilitated the applications of avian culture to the next levels in transgenesis and wildlife conservation. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the relationship among different cultivation platforms from in ovo studies to ex ovo as well as in vitro culture of cell lines with recent advances in the stem cell fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woranop Sukparangsi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
| | - Ampika Thongphakdee
- Wildlife Reproductive Innovation Center, Research Department, Bureau of Conservation and Research, Zoological Park Organization of Thailand Under the Royal Patronage of H.M. the King, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittipon Intarapat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Sittipon Intarapat,
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Lu Y, Wang H, Cao H, Chen X, Li D, Yu D, Yu M. Ascorbic acid and all-trans retinoic acid promote proliferation of chicken blastoderm cells (cBCs) by mediating DNA demethylation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2022; 58:199-209. [PMID: 35288810 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-022-00659-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chicken blastoderm cells (cBCs) obtained from stage X (EG&K) embryos are easily available materials for the study of cell development. However, cBCs are not widely used because they are hard to maintain in long-term culture in vitro. To solve this problem, ascorbic acid (AA; also known as vitamin C (VC)) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) were added into basic culture medium to promote cell growth. Results suggested that cultured cBCs possessed strongly proliferative activity and maintained their pluripotency on the support of chicken embryonic fibroblast (CEF) feeder. Moreover, when VC or/and ATRA was added, the number and area of cBC colonies increased significantly compared with the control group. The expression of pluripotency genes (Sox2 and Nanog) and cell cycle-regulated genes (CCND1 and CDK6) was upregulated obviously. Furthermore, results showed that 5hmC levels in VC and RA groups increased significantly by DNA dot blot and immunofluorescence staining. These results provide strong evidence that VC and ATRA induced DNA demethylation and enhanced 5hmC level. The level of H3K27me3 was raised, while the level of H3K9me2 was reduced by addition of VC and ATRA. Finally, the expression of Tet1 and Dnmt3b was upregulated remarkably. Therefore, these results indicated that VC and ATRA enhanced DNA demethylation and then promoted cBC survival and proliferation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Lu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haobin Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Cao
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Debing Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Minli Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Jung KM, Kim YM, Kim JL, Han JY. Efficient gene transfer into zebra finch germline-competent stem cells using an adenoviral vector system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14746. [PMID: 34285320 PMCID: PMC8292312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebra finch is a representative animal model for studying the molecular basis of human disorders of vocal development and communication. Accordingly, various functional studies of zebra finch have knocked down or introduced foreign genes in vivo; however, their germline transmission efficiency is remarkably low. The primordial germ cell (PGC)-mediated method is preferred for avian transgenic studies; however, use of this method is restricted in zebra finch due to the lack of an efficient gene transfer method for the germline. To target primary germ cells that are difficult to transfect and manipulate, an adenovirus-mediated gene transfer system with high efficiency in a wide range of cell types may be useful. Here, we isolated and characterized two types of primary germline-competent stem cells, PGCs and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), from embryonic and adult reproductive tissues of zebra finch and demonstrated that genes were most efficiently transferred into these cells using an adenovirus-mediated system. This system was successfully used to generate gene-edited PGCs in vitro. These results are expected to improve transgenic zebra finch production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Lee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Jalali SS, Talebi J, Allymehr M, Soleimanzadeh A, Razi M. Effects of nano-selenium on mRNA expression of markers for spermatogonial stem cells in the testis of broiler breeder males. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2019; 10:139-144. [PMID: 31338147 PMCID: PMC6626653 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.86992.2128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fertility is one of the most important parameters in breeder farms and cockerels play an outstanding role in the fertility of eggs in broiler breeder farms. Todays, supplementation of chicken diet with additives such as organic selenium is used to increase fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of nano-selenium (Nano-Se) on the expression of molecular markers of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the testis of broiler breeder males. A total of 30 roosters of 40 weeks of age were randomly divided into five groups. Groups were as follows: 1) control (normal diet) group, 2) diet supplemented with 0.30 mg kg-1 sodium selenite, 3) diet supplemented with 0.15 mg kg-1 Nano-Se, 4) diet supplemented with 0.30 mg kg-1 Nano-Se, and 5) diet supplemented with 0.60 mg kg-1 Nano-Se. At the end of the experimental period (5th week), birds were autopsied and samples from testis of all birds were collected. The testis samples were used to examine the β1-integrin (CD29), thy-1 (CD90) and NANOG mRNA expression by real-time PCR. The results showed that testis of the groups fed with the diets supplemented with 0.60 mg kg-1 and 0.15 mg kg-1 of Nano-Se had the highest and lowest mRNA expression of SSCs markers, respectively. In conclusion, the present study indicated that Nano-Se had advantages over sodium selenite. Diet supplemented with 0.60 mg kg-1 of Nano-Se may contribute to optimal fertility via increasing the mRNA expression of SSCs markers of roosters’ testis and could be used to delay the reduction of fertility caused by aging in broiler breeder males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sattar Jalali
- Department of Poultry Health and Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jalali Talebi
- Department of Poultry Health and Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Allymehr
- Department of Poultry Health and Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Soleimanzadeh
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs), precursors of functional gametes, offer great promise for the use of genetic resources and transgenesis in chickens. PGCs can be isolated from the developing embryo at diverse early stages and are subsequently expandable in vitro. In vitro proliferating chicken PGCs can facilitate the production of efficient germline chimeras and transgenic chickens. Here, we describe methods to isolate and characterize PGCs from chicken embryos and their application to transgenesis.
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Tang X, Xu S, Zhang H, Chen Q, Li R, Wu W, Yu M, Liu H. Retinoic acid promotes expression of germline-specific genes in chicken blastoderm cells by stimulating Smad1/5 phosphorylation in a feeder-free culture system. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:17. [PMID: 28219352 PMCID: PMC5319176 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Producing transgenic chickens with chicken blastodermal cells (cBCs) is inefficient due to the extremely low germline transmission capacity of cBCs. As chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) have been reported as an efficient method for producing transgenic chickens, the inefficiency of cBCs could potentially be resolved by inducing them to differentiate into germ cells. However, whether chemical inducers are able to enhance cBCs germline competence in vitro is unknown and the molecular mechanisms of differentiation of chicken pluripotent cells into germ cells are poorly understood. RESULTS We cultured cBCs with a monolayer morphology in E8 medium, a xeno- and feeder-free medium. We showed that retinoic acid (RA) treatment increased expression of germ cell-specific genes in cBCs. Using western blot, we determined that RA stimulated Smad1/5 phosphorylation. Moreover, Smad1/5 activation regulates the expression of germ cell-specific genes, as co-treatment with a Smad1/5 phosphorylation inhibitor or activator alters expression of these genes. We also demonstrate that Smad1/5 is required for RA-induced differentiation by RNA interference knockdown. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that E8 medium is able to maintain cBC growth for weeks and RA treatment induced germ cell differentiation of cBCs through the BMP-Smad1/5 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyong Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jingling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jingling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongyang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Minli Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 People’s Republic of China
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Lee HJ, Lee HC, Han JY. Germline Modification and Engineering in Avian Species. Mol Cells 2015; 38:743-9. [PMID: 26333275 PMCID: PMC4588716 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of genome-edited animals using germline-competent cells and genetic modification tools has provided opportunities for investigation of biological mechanisms in various organisms. The recently reported programmed genome editing technology that can induce gene modification at a target locus in an efficient and precise manner facilitates establishment of animal models. In this regard, the demand for genome-edited avian species, which are some of the most suitable model animals due to their unique embryonic development, has also increased. Furthermore, germline chimera production through long-term culture of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) has facilitated research on production of genome-edited chickens. Thus, use of avian germline modification is promising for development of novel avian models for research of disease control and various biological mechanisms. Here, we discuss recent progress in genome modification technology in avian species and its applications and future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921,
Korea
| | - Hyung Chul Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT,
UK
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921,
Korea
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, 8304 Minamiminowa, Kamiina, Nagano 399-4598,
Japan
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