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Rasool S, Dobbie F, Khan Z, Holliday R, Khalid F, Khan T, Bauld L. Process evaluation of a pragmatic feasibility trial on smokeless tobacco cessation intervention delivered in dental hospitals. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1327. [PMID: 38755594 PMCID: PMC11100072 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Article 14 of the WHO 'Framework Convention on Tobacco Control' recommends, that all oral healthcare providers provide support for tobacco cessation, to all patients. Despite evidence on the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions in dental settings, implementation remains low in most high-burden countries like Pakistan. A pragmatic pilot trial of a dentist-delivered behavioural support intervention for smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation, was conducted in dental hospitals in Pakistan. This paper presents the findings of the process evaluation of the trial. METHODS A mixed-method process evaluation of a multi-centre randomised control pilot trial of dentist-delivered behavioural support intervention ST cessation was conducted. The intervention included three sessions namely: pre-quit, quit and post-quit sessions. The process evaluation involved: semi-structured interviews with trial participants (n = 26, of which dental patients were n = 13 and participating dentists were n = 13 conducted from June-August 2022); and fidelity assessment of audio recordings of the intervention sessions (n = 29). The framework approach was used to thematically analyse the interview data. RESULTS Overall the trial procedures were well accepted, however, young patients expressed uneasiness over revealing their ST use status. The intervention was received positively by dentists and patients. Dentists identified some challenges in delivering behavioural support to their patients. Of these, some were related to the contents of the intervention whereas, others were related to the logistics of delivering the intervention in a clinical setting (such as workload and space). Acceptability of the intervention resources was overall low amongst young patients as they did not take the intervention resources home due to fear of their family members finding out about their ST use. The intervention was successful in achieving the intended impact (in those who engaged with the intervention), i.e., change in the patients' ST use behaviour. Giving up ST with the aid of behavioural support also had an unintended negative effect i.e., the use of harmful substances (cannabis, cigarettes) to give up ST use. Patients' satisfaction with their dental treatment seemed to influence the intervention outcome. CONCLUSION While there are many variables to consider, but for the participants of this study, behavioural support for abstinence delivered through dentists during routine dental care, appears to be an acceptable and practical approach in helping patients give up ST use, in a country like Pakistan, where negligible support is offered to ST users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Rasool
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
- Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
- The University of Edinburgh, ACCORD, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Fiona Dobbie
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- The University of Edinburgh, ACCORD, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Zohaib Khan
- Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Richard Holliday
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, England
| | - Fatima Khalid
- Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tuba Khan
- Institute of Public Health and Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Linda Bauld
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- The University of Edinburgh, ACCORD, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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Batı BÇ, Buduneli N, Meriç P. Examining awareness of tobacco's oral health effects: Dentists' role in smoking cessation among dental patients. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-41. [PMID: 38370493 PMCID: PMC10870343 DOI: 10.18332/tid/176227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco products are well-known as a major risk factor for systemic and oral diseases. Dentists may play an important role in the prevention and progression of oral problems related to smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of awareness about the poor oral health effects of tobacco products and the role of dentists in smoking cessation among dental patients. METHODS A survey containing 40 questions was prepared, and patients seeking dental treatment between June and October 2019 at the School of Dentistry, Ege University, were asked to participate. The survey included demographic variables in the first part, habits of using tobacco products in the second part, relations between smoking and oral health, and the possible role of dentists in smoking cessation in the last part. Data were tested statistically by Mann Whitney U and chi-squared tests. RESULTS A total of 501 patients participated in the survey; more than half of the participants were non-smokers (63.7%). Cigarettes (95.06%), hookah (7.69%), e-cigarettes (2.75%), and cigars (1.65%) were the most frequently consumed tobacco products. The biggest obstacle to quitting smoking was 'having smoker friends'. The rate of non-smokers (41.4%) agreeing that smoking is related to periodontal diseases was more than that of smokers (32.4%) (p<0.05). The most known side effect of tobacco products was halitosis (81.6%). Half of the respondents (46.7%) did not know about dentists' role in helping them quit smoking. The rate of participants previously recommended by a dentist to quit smoking was only 36%. CONCLUSIONS The aesthetic and social consequences of using tobacco products are well known, but smokers are substantially less aware than non-smokers of the relationship between tobacco products and oral diseases. The present findings suggest that dentists should inform their patients about the detrimental effects of tobacco products and play an active role in advising them to quit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Çalışkan Batı
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Pınar Meriç
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
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Momosaka T, Saito J, Otsuki A, Yaguchi-Saito A, Fujimori M, Kuchiba A, Katanoda K, Takaku R, Shimazu T. Associations of individual characteristics and socioeconomic status with heated tobacco product harmfulness perceptions in Japan: A nationwide cross-sectional study (INFORM Study 2020). J Epidemiol 2024:JE20230177. [PMID: 38191179 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20230177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
IntroductionIn Japan, heated tobacco products (HTPs) are promoted by the tobacco industry as reduced-risk tobacco products despite the lack of evidence for this claim. This study determined the distribution of HTP-harmfulness perception and identify the explanatory factors associated with the perception of HTP as less harmful than conventional cigarettes.MethodsA nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted with Japanese people aged 20 years or older (INFORM Study 2020) using a self-administered questionnaire. We performed descriptive analysis and weighted logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between explanatory factors (e.g., individual characteristics, socioeconomic status, and trusted sources of cancer information) and the perception of HTPs as less harmful.ResultsAmong 3,420 participants (response rate: 35.2%), the proportions of those who perceived HTPs as less harmful were 40.3% and 18.3% for users and non-users of tobacco, respectively. For participants aged 20-39 years, the proportion were 49.9% and 30.4%, respectively. Among 1,160 non-tobacco users who were familiar with HTPs, male, aged under 39 years, and had lower education were associated with the perception of HTPs as less harmful. Trusted sources of cancer information were not associated with the perception of HTPs as less harmful.ConclusionsThis study showed that, among non-tobacco users, being male, aged under 39 years, and lower education were associated with a perception of HTPs as less harmful. Public health stakeholders should provide the latest evidence about HTP harmfulness in their daily practice, and strengthen the regulations on HTP marketing directed at both tobacco- and non-tobacco users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Momosaka
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
- School of International and Public Policy, Hitotsubashi University
| | - Junko Saito
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
| | - Aki Otsuki
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
| | - Akiko Yaguchi-Saito
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tokiwa University
| | - Maiko Fujimori
- Division of Survivorship Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
| | - Aya Kuchiba
- Graduate School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services
- Division of Biostatistical Research, Institution for Cancer Control/Biostatistics Division, Center for Research Administration and Support, National Cancer Center
| | - Kota Katanoda
- Division of Population Data Science, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
| | - Reo Takaku
- School of International and Public Policy, Hitotsubashi University
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control
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Chan HL, Chan AKY, Chu CH, Tsang YC. Smoking cessation in dental setting: a narrative review on dental professionals' attitude, preparedness, practices and barriers. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1266467. [PMID: 37808607 PMCID: PMC10552527 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1266467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Integration of smoking cessation program into routine oral health care has been advocated by World Health Organization since it brings extensive benefits to oral health. By tobacco cessation, patients are less prone to progression of periodontal disease, have less future tooth loss, have reduced risks of oral mucosal lesions and head and neck cancers. Evidence indicates that dentists are in a favorable position to deliver effective smoking cessation advice to improve patients' oral health. This article aims to present the current situation of smoking cessation in dental setting, including dental management of smoking patients, perceptions of dentists and dental students towards smoking cessation, challenges dental professionals face when carrying out cessation interventions. Patients' perspectives are also evaluated to provide a clearer picture of smoking cessation practice in the dental field. Review of past surveys show most patients welcome smoking cessation advice from dental practitioners. Meanwhile dentists may have wrong assumption that patients would disapprove them if they advise patient to quit smoking. On top of that, main obstacles identified are lack of training, inadequate treatment time and insufficient knowledge towards smoking cessation guidelines and referral routes. With regard to the potential barriers, evidence demonstrates that more trainings on smoking cessation strategies are needed. Future research in this aspect is also indicated to further foster the practice of smoking cessation counselling in dental setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Y. C. Tsang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bangera DS, Takana MT, Gopakumar A, Muttappallymyalil J. Dentists' perception of health-risk associated with cigarettes and alternative tobacco products: A descriptive study. Nepal J Epidemiol 2022; 12:1248-1255. [PMID: 36741770 PMCID: PMC9886558 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v12i4.48488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarettes and alternative tobacco products cause various oral health issues ranging from minor tooth decay/gum-diseases to oral cancer. According to the Centre for Disease Control (CDC), over 40% of adult cigarette smokers have untreated tooth decay which later leads to severe oral health problems. The present study intended to assess the impact of dentists' perceived risk of smoking tobacco products on their attitude and practice toward tobacco cessation advice. It was a cross-sectional study to collect data on the perception of dentists who are smokers, regarding smoking-related health risks. Dentists' attitude was measured using a questionnaire with a 5-point rating scale and a practice list of items with a 3-point rating scale. Descriptive/inferential techniques were applied, and a significance level was fixed at 5%. Among the 31 tobacco users, 80.6% of dentists perceived severe risk with cigarette use as compared to alternative tobacco products (71%). Positive attitude and good practice were observed among those who perceived severe risk; however, no statistical significance was observed (p-value >0.05). Young dentists, males, Arab nationals, highly educated and specialists had a positive attitude toward smoking cessation activities. Among the smokers, dentists recognize their role and responsibility very seriously in building a smoke-free community, but their risk perception and good attitude did not positively reflect on their clinical practice in smoking cessation programs. Though the dentists had a better perception and attitude towards smoking cessation, their clinical practice in offering advising sessions is inversely related to their perception/attitude.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aji Gopakumar
- Data & Statistics Department, Emirates Health Services, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil
- College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates,Correspondence: Dr. Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
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Barnes E, Bullock A, Chestnutt IG. What influences the provision and reception of oral health education? A narrative review of the literature. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 50:350-359. [PMID: 34519366 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most common diseases of the mouth are preventable through behavioural changes, oral hygiene routines and regular professional care. Research suggests dental professionals may prioritize clinical experience, personal values and preferences over evidence when delivering such interventions. Research also suggests variable rates of patient behaviour change following oral health education (OHE) interactions. This review explores the literature to answer the question: what factors influence the provision and reception of OHE messages and the wider OHE process? METHODS A structured search of literature was carried out with databases covering a range of academic disciplines (healthcare sciences, social sciences, education). Key words/terms were searched to elicit papers published since 1998. Citation mining (relevant citations within papers) and citation tracking (papers citing relevant papers) were also used. Recurring themes within the papers were identified and coded using NVivo12 and presented in a conceptual model. RESULTS The studies analysed tended to employ small-scale surveys, larger-scale surveys (some with low response rates), or interview studies of varying sizes. There was also a limited number of review papers. However, several key messages were identified regarding dental professionals' and patients' views on OHE and the factors that influence its provision. Factors that were identified related to the wider social and policy context (macro), community-level factors (meso), the individual practitioner and patient (micro), factors that influenced the nature of OHE interaction and any resulting behaviour change, and how the outcomes of the process influence future OHE interactions for both parties. CONCLUSIONS The literature highlighted how factors influence the OHE process before, during and after the educational interaction. The resultant conceptual model acknowledges the influence of wider 'upstream' factors alongside interpersonal and individual influences which should be taken into consideration when developing OHE interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Barnes
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alison Bullock
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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7
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Prasetyaningtyas N, Jatiatmaja NA, Radithia D, Hendarti HT, Parmadiati AE, Hadi P, Mahdani FY, Ernawati DS, Zain RB, Ayuningtyas NF. The Response of the Tongue Epithelial on Cigarette Smoke Exposure as a Risk Factor for Oral Cancer Development. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:320-324. [PMID: 33285573 PMCID: PMC8184307 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to analyze the tongue epithelial response to cigarette smoke exposure on a number of macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expression to determine the risk factor of oral cancer development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty Rattus norvegicus will be exposed to two kinds of cigarette smoke by a smoking pump for 4 and 8 weeks. The tongues were collected to analyze the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells with hematoxylin-eosin. The MMP-9 expression was similarly analyzed with immunohistochemical staining and then compared with the control group. RESULTS The number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and MMP-9 expression was higher in the 8-week cigarette smoke exposure compared to the 4-week cigarette smoke exposure and the control group (p < 0.000). The number of plasma cell did not differ in the 8-week cigarette smoke exposure from that of the control group (p > 0.05). The number of plasma cells in the tongue tissue during the 4-week cigarette smoke exposure was not determined. CONCLUSION Cigarette smoke exposure induces the risk of oral cancer development as a result of an increase in the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, and MMP-9 expression in the tongue epithelial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Desiana Radithia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hening Tuti Hendarti
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Priyo Hadi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fatma Yasmin Mahdani
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Diah Savitri Ernawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Rosnah binti Zain
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom Selangor, Malaysia
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Holliday R, McColl E, Bauld L, Preshaw PM, Sniehotta FF, McDonald S. Perceived influences on smoking behaviour and perceptions of dentist-delivered smoking cessation advice: A qualitative interview study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2020; 48:433-439. [PMID: 33448485 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many factors lead to the commencement and maintenance of smoking, and better understanding of these is relevant in the management of oral health, particularly as smoking cessation advice (SCA) from the dental team is a key component of patient care. Whereas most previous research has focused on dental professionals' perceptions of providing SCA, and identified facilitators and barriers to its provision, there has been more limited research focusing on patients' perceptions of receiving SCA in the dental context. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the views of smokers with periodontitis receiving dentist-delivered SCA. METHODS One-to-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 28 adults who smoked tobacco and had recently received SCA during dentist-delivered periodontal therapy. Participants were sampled to reflect a range of ages and smoking behaviours. The interview schedule was based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to explore perceived influences on smoking behaviour. Interviews also elicited participants' views on dentist-delivered SCA. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically, drawing on the TDF. RESULTS A broad range of perceived influences on smoking behaviour emerged from the data. Influences were allocated into seven prominent TDF domains: (i) social influences (family and friends, social pressures); (ii) social/professional role and identity (secret smoking); (iii) knowledge (experiences/perceptions of smoking cessation medications); (iv) environmental context and resources (social, home and workplace environment, cost of smoking, resentment towards authority); (v) emotions (stress management, pleasure of smoking and fear of quitting); (vi) nature of the behaviour (habitual nature, link to other behaviours, smell); and (vii) beliefs about consequences (health). With regard to views on dentist-delivered SCA, five main themes emerged: (i) opportunistic nature; (ii) personal impact and tangible prompts; (iii) positive context of cessation attempt; (iv) lack of previous support; and (v) differences between dentist-delivered SCA and other setting SCA. CONCLUSIONS Smokers with periodontitis consider that a wide range of factors influence their smoking behaviour. Dentist-delivered SCA was supported and positively received. Important aspects included the opportunistic nature, personal impact, use of tangible prompts and positive context (of the quit attempt). Future research should focus on optimizing dentist-led smoking cessation intervention based on the themes identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Holliday
- School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elaine McColl
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Linda Bauld
- Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Philip M Preshaw
- National University Centre for Oral Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Falko F Sniehotta
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Suzanne McDonald
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Ahmadian M, Khami MR, Ahamdi AE, Razeghi S, Yazdani R. Effectiveness of two interactive educational methods to teach tobacco cessation counseling for senior dental students. Eur J Dent 2019; 11:287-292. [PMID: 28932135 PMCID: PMC5594954 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_352_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Nowadays, one of the major health problems in many countries is tobacco use. Dental professionals are in a unique position to promote smoking cessation since they have the opportunity for regular interaction with their patients. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of two educational methods to teach tobacco cessation counseling (TCC) in dental practice for senior dental students. Materials and Methods: In this interventional study, 93 eligible senior dental students from two dental schools in Tehran, Iran were randomly divided into two groups. Two educational programs, role play (RP) and problem-based learning (PBL), with the same aim about TCC in dental practice, were developed and implemented for the two groups. The score of knowledge, attitude, and skill were determined in both groups before and after participation in the course using a questionnaire. The changes in the scores from pre- to post-test were statistically analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA test. Results: Total scores of knowledge, attitude, and skill of the participants showed improvements when compared to scores before training (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, and P < 0.001, respectively). However, the differences between the two study methods were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggested that TCC training through RP and PBL methods leads to improvement in knowledge, attitude, and skills of dental students in the short-term evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ahmadian
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khami
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Ebn Ahamdi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Razeghi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Yazdani
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Ordell S, Ekbäck G. Smoking cessation and associated dental factors in a cohort of smokers born in 1942: 5 year follow up. Int Dent J 2019; 69:107-112. [DOI: 10.1111/idj.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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11
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Tamí-Maury I, Ma WF, Lin MT, Lin CC, Tsai MH, Li CI, Li TC, Krukrubo R, Gritz ER. A qualitative study of attitudes to and perceptions of betel quid consumption and its oral health implications in Taiwan. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2018; 47:58-64. [PMID: 30238494 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Betel quid (BQ) chewing is extremely prominent in South and Southeast Asia because it considered by users to be of social, cultural and religious importance. BQ chewing has been recognized as a risk factor for oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer. Because BQ chewing has become a severe health risk in Taiwan, the development of prevention and cessation programmes is essential. The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes and perceptions associated with BQ consumption and its oral health implications in an attempt to inform the development of health promotion initiatives and BQ cessation efforts in Taiwan, where the dental profession could have a pivotal role in preventing and controlling BQ use among persons at risk. METHODS This qualitative study used data gathered from focus groups and individual interviews. A convenience sample of 41 adults from Jhushan and Lugu Townships (Nantou County) and Taichung City, Taiwan, participated in this study (27 men, 14 women; 31 Han, 10 aboriginals from the Paiwan tribe; mean age 40.3, SD 9.2 years). RESULTS Among the seven themes that emerged from the original study, five (Initiation, Health Risk Perception, Health Consequences, Withdrawal Symptoms and Help from Healthcare Providers) had oral/dental implications. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights research areas relevant to further investigation, such as incorporating brief BQ prevention and cessation counselling when early oral and dental signs associated with BQ consumption are detected. Undertaking behavioural interventions in dental settings might help to reduce the prevalence of BQ chewing in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Tamí-Maury
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsiu Tsai
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ing Li
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Rosetta Krukrubo
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ellen R Gritz
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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12
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Alexandridi F, Tsantila S, Pepelassi E. Smoking cessation and response to periodontal treatment. Aust Dent J 2017; 63:140-149. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Alexandridi
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - S Tsantila
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
| | - E Pepelassi
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens Greece
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13
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Myers Virtue S, Rotz ME, Boyd M, Lykon JL, Waldron EM, Theodorou J. Impact of a novel interprofessional dental and pharmacy student tobacco cessation education programme on dental patient outcomes. J Interprof Care 2017; 32:52-62. [DOI: 10.1080/13561820.2017.1378171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Myers Virtue
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health Sciences, Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Christiana Care Health System, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Melissa E Rotz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Boyd
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jillian L Lykon
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Waldron
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health Sciences, Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacqueline Theodorou
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Chuenjitwongsa S, Poolthong S, Bullock A, Oliver RG. Developing Common Competencies for Southeast Asian General Dental Practitioners. J Dent Educ 2017; 81:1114-1123. [PMID: 28864794 DOI: 10.21815/jde.017.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Current policy in Southeast Asian dental education focuses on high-quality dental services from new dental graduates and the free movement of dental practitioners across the region. The Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Dental Councils have proposed the "Common Major Competencies for ASEAN General Dental Practitioners" to harmonize undergraduate dental education. This article discusses how the ASEAN competencies were developed and established to assist the development of general dental practitioners with comparable knowledge, skills, and attitudes across ASEAN. The competencies were developed through four processes: a questionnaire about current national oral health problems, a two-round Delphi process that sought agreement on competencies, a panel discussion by representatives from ASEAN Dental Councils, and data verification by the representatives after the meeting. Key themes of the ASEAN competencies were compared with the competencies from the U.S., Canada, Europe, Australia, and Japan. A total of 33 competency statements, consistent with other regions, were agreed upon and approved. Factors influencing the ASEAN competencies and their implementation include oral health problems in ASEAN, new knowledge and technology in dentistry, limited institutional resources, underregulated dental schools, and uneven distribution of dental practitioners. The ASEAN competencies will serve as the foundation for further developments in ASEAN dental education including policy development, curriculum revision, quality assurance, and staff development. Collaboration amongst stakeholders is essential for successful harmonization of ASEAN dental education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supachai Chuenjitwongsa
- Dr. Chuenjitwongsa is Lecturer in Dental Education, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Poolthong is Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Bullock is Professor, Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; and Dr. Oliver is Professor, Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education, Wales Deanery, Cardiff University, Cardiff.
| | - Suchit Poolthong
- Dr. Chuenjitwongsa is Lecturer in Dental Education, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Poolthong is Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Bullock is Professor, Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; and Dr. Oliver is Professor, Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education, Wales Deanery, Cardiff University, Cardiff
| | - Alison Bullock
- Dr. Chuenjitwongsa is Lecturer in Dental Education, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Poolthong is Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Bullock is Professor, Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; and Dr. Oliver is Professor, Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education, Wales Deanery, Cardiff University, Cardiff
| | - Richard G Oliver
- Dr. Chuenjitwongsa is Lecturer in Dental Education, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Poolthong is Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Dr. Bullock is Professor, Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; and Dr. Oliver is Professor, Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education, Wales Deanery, Cardiff University, Cardiff
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Gupta S, Pk P, Gupta R. Necessity of oral health intervention in schizophrenic patients - A review. Nepal J Epidemiol 2017; 6:605-612. [PMID: 28804672 PMCID: PMC5506385 DOI: 10.3126/nje.v6i4.17254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with mental illness often cannot perform day to day activities due to a psychiatric or emotional disorder. Schizophrenia is one such psychiatric disorder characterized by worsening self-care ability with progressing mental illness. This disease may potentially deteriorate oral health by affecting the subject's ability to perform oral hygiene measures. Literature on oral disease manifestations in schizophrenia is limited. Lack of desire for oral health care as well as generally poor awareness of oral health issues in these patients, compounded further by side effects of medications, may complicate dental management in schizophrenic patients. The present review explores clinical features and possible factors associated with oral health status among those with Schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gupta
- Senior Research fellow, Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, Panjab University (Chandigarh)
| | - Pratibha Pk
- Head and Professor, Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of dental sciences (Manipal)
| | - Richa Gupta
- Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Aadesh medical college (Haryana)
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Sangwan A, Tewari S, Singh H, Sharma RK, Narula SC. Effect of hyperlipidemia on response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy: Statin users versus nonusers. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:69-76. [PMID: 27011743 PMCID: PMC4784157 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.175685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy among hyperlipidemic subjects and whether statin use by hyperlipidemic subjects influences the response. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 107 chronic periodontitis subjects (35 normolipidemic [NL] controls, 36 hyperlipidemics on nonpharmacological therapy and 36 hyperlipidemics on statins). Periodontal (plaque index, gingival index [GI], probing depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]) and biochemical (plasma triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high-DL-C [HDL-C] levels) examination was done at baseline and 3 months after nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Results: Both the NL and statin groups exhibited significantly greater improvement in GI as compared to the hyperlipidemic group on nonpharmacological therapy (P = 0.004 and 0.006, respectively). Mean change in PD correlated negatively with baseline TC (r = −0.306) and LDL-C (r = −0.360) while mean change in GI positively correlated with baseline HDL-C (r = 0.219). Regression analyses revealed that mean change in PD was negatively associated with LDL-C (β = −0.358, P < 0.001) while mean change in GI was positively associated with HDL-C (β = 0.219, P = 0.023). Conclusions: While higher baseline lipid levels were somewhat detrimental to the resolution of inflammation postperiodontal treatment, the inclusion of statin therapy among hyperlipidemic subjects seemed to improve clinical response as compared to those devoid of the drug. The findings of the study are suggestive of a possible adjunctive role of statins in periodontal treatment that warrants future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Sangwan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Tewari
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rajinder Kumar Sharma
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Satish Chander Narula
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Andersson P, Johannsen A. Dental patients' perceptions and motivation in smoking cessation activities. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 74:285-90. [PMID: 26609892 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2015.1114669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate smokers' perceptions of and motivation for smoking cessation activities in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS PATIENTS: who smoked were consecutively recruited from general as well as specialist dental care clinics in Sweden. After a dental visit the patients completed a questionnaire about self-perceived oral health, smoking habits, motivation, reasons to quit and not to quit smoking, support to quit, smoking cessation activities and questions about smoking asked by dentists and dental hygienists. RESULTS The sample consisted of 167 adult patients (≥ 20 years) who smoked daily. During the last 6 months, 81% of the patients had experienced oral health problems. The most common complaints were discolourations of the teeth, periodontal problems and dry mouth (38%, 36% and 33%, respectively). Improved general health was a major reason to quit smoking (89%). It was also stated that it was important to avoid oral health problems. 71% of the patients preferred to quit by themselves and 16% wanted support from dentistry. High motivation to quit smoking was reported by 20%. Occurrence of periodontitis during the last 6 months was significantly associated with being highly motivated to stop smoking (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.03-8.55). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that, although it was important to quit smoking to avoid oral health problems, the patients were not aware that tobacco cessation activities can be performed in dentistry. Periodontal problems seem to be the most motivating factor among the patients who were highly motivated to stop smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Andersson
- a School of Health and Society, Kristianstad University , Kristianstad , Sweden
| | - Annsofi Johannsen
- b Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology , Karolinska Institutet , Huddinge , Sweden
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Balakrishnan C, Aswath N. Estimation of serum, salivary immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A levels and total protein, hemoglobin in smokeless tobacco chewers and oral submucous fibrosis patients. Contemp Clin Dent 2015; 6:S157-62. [PMID: 26604567 PMCID: PMC4632216 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.166820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a debilitating, potentially cancerous oral condition. Although areca nut is the most important causative agent, it is also considered that the disease is immunologically mediated. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish that autoimmunity and nutritional deficiency play a role in the etiopathogenesis of OSMF. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To show that serum immunoglobulin markers (immunoglobulin-G [IgG], immunoglobulin-A [IgA]) and nutritional parameters such as total serum protein (TSP), Hemoglobin (Hb) play a role in causing OSMF and also to correlate serum, salivary IgG, IgA levels in OSMF patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A case-control study was done with 50 patients (25 patients who were provisionally diagnosed as OSMF - Group I, and 25 patients who were chronic smokeless tobacco chewers and who did not have any intraoral lesion - Group II). MATERIALS AND METHODS Five milliliters of blood and saliva were collected from both the groups. Quantitative analysis of serum, and salivary IgG, IgA was done by turbidometric immunoassay. TSP and Hemoglobin (Hb) were estimated by spectrophotometry. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Results were analyzed by independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS All patients of OSMF showed significant (P < 0.01) increase in serum IgG, IgA, and salivary IgG levels as compared to smokeless tobacco chewers. The salivary IgA levels showed a significant decrease in OSMF patients (P < 0.05). TSP and Hb levels showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in OSMF patients as compared to smokeless tobacco chewers. CONCLUSION The elevation of immunoglobulin levels supports the concept of autoimmunity. The decrease in TSP and Hb suggests that nutritional deficiency plays a defined role in the occurrence as well as a further progression of OSMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakanth Balakrishnan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalini Aswath
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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