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Sultan N, Camilleri J, Scheven BA. Biocompatibility and antimicrobial effect of demineralised dentin matrix hydrogel for dental pulp preservation. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00994-2. [PMID: 39277551 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Regeneration of dentin and preserving pulp vitality are essential targets for vital pulp therapy. Our study aimed to evaluate a novel biomimetic pulp capping agent with increased dentin regenerative activities. To produce demineralised dentin matrix (DDM) particles, human extracted teeth were ground and treated with ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid solution. DDM particles were added to sodium alginate and this combination was dripped into a 5% calcium chloride to obtain DDM hydrogel (DDMH). The eluants of both DDMH and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) were tested using an MTT assay to detect their cytotoxic effect on dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Collagen-I (COL-I) gene expression was analysed on DPSC exposed to different dilutions of pulp capping material eluants by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Acridine orange staining was used to monitor the cell growth over the tested materials. Agar diffusion assay was utilised to test the antibacterial effect of DDMH and MTA compared to controls. MTT assay revealed that neat eluates of DDMH promoted DPSC viability. However, neat eluates of MTA were cytotoxic on DPSC after 72 h of culture. Moreover, DPSC were capable of growth and attached to the surface of DDMH, while they showed a marked reduction in their number when cultured on the MTA surface for one week, as shown by the acridine orange stain. In DPSC cultured with DDMH eluates, the COL-I gene was overexpressed compared to those cultured with MTA eluants. DDMH had significant antimicrobial activity in comparison to MTA after 24 h incubation. This in vitro study showed that DDMH could be an alternative pulp capping agent for regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessma Sultan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- Oral Biology and Dental Morphology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura National University, Gamasa, 7731168, Egypt.
| | - Josette Camilleri
- School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ben A Scheven
- School of Dentistry, Oral Biology, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Suganthakumar P, Reddy TVK, Venkatesh V, Chellapandian K, Krishnan M. Evaluation of the pH and Antibacterial Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate With and Without the Incorporation of Titanium Tetrafluoride. Cureus 2024; 16:e64385. [PMID: 39130972 PMCID: PMC11317115 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microorganisms play an important role in causing inflammation in the pulp and periapical regions. Even after undergoing chemo-mechanical procedures during root canal treatment, bacteria may persist within dentinal tubules, posing a risk of disease recurrence. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), introduced as a dental material, has been investigated as a potential antibacterial agent since its early use. Calcium and phosphorus are the primary ions in MTA, and their antibacterial characteristics are attributed to the release of calcium hydroxide through surface hydrolysis of calcium silicate components. Previous studies have shown that MTA has limited antimicrobial properties. Several alterations have been made to enhance the biological properties of MTA, such as incorporating nanoparticles made from silver, zinc, gold, and titanium. Therefore, in this study, titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) was added to MTA in an effort to enhance its antimicrobial properties. Aim To compare and evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of MTA after the incorporation of TiF4. Materials and methods A total of 56 samples were made by mixing MTA with different weight proportions of TiF4 (1 wt%, 2 wt%, and 3 wt%). Out of these, 28 samples were taken to test each of the following properties: antibacterial efficacy and pH. The specimens were prepared using stainless steel molds of recommended dimensions for testing the pH. The pH was evaluated using a pH meter, and the antibacterial efficacy was assessed using the direct contact test. Data regarding the antibacterial efficacy and pH of MTA with various proportions of TiF4 were investigated for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and assessed for normal distribution. The antibacterial properties among the four groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by pairwise multiple comparisons using Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test. The level of statistical significance was determined at p ≤ 0.05. MTA, when incorporated with TiF4, showed enhanced antibacterial properties. Results On day 1, the group treated with MTA containing 3% TiF4 demonstrated the strongest antibacterial effectiveness, with a mean of 4.67 ± 0.04 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL × 10^8. However, the group treated with plain MTA had the lowest mean values, at 5.67 ± 0.25 CFU/mL × 10^8. On day 1, the MTA group with 3% TiF4 also had the highest mean pH values (11.90 ± 0.05), while the plain MTA group had the lowest mean pH values (11.64 ± 0.78). On day 7, the MTA group with 3% TiF4 had the highest pH value (12.85 ± 0.08), whereas the plain MTA group had the lowest pH value (11.92 ± 0.09). Conclusion The inclusion of TiF4 resulted in an augmentation of the antibacterial efficacy of MTA against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Hence, the integration of TiF4 into MTA can be considered a promising development against E. faecalis during endodontic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Suganthakumar
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Tripuravaram Vinay Kumar Reddy
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Vijay Venkatesh
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chengalpattu, IND
| | - Kingston Chellapandian
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Kattankulathur Dental College and Hospital, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Chengalpattu, IND
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Sebastian S, El-Sayed W, Adtani P, Zaarour RF, Nandakumar A, Elemam RF, Eid B, Elsewify T. Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER flo bioceramic sealers. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:491-497. [PMID: 38939551 PMCID: PMC11205165 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_103_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Aim Evaluation of the antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo bioceramic sealers compared to AH Plus resin sealer. Materials and Methods Modified direct contact test was used on three sets of sealers: Freshly mixed sealers, sealers that were 1-day old, and sealers that were 7-day old. After 24 h of incubation, the colony-forming units were digitally counted using Promega Colony Counter after 30 and 60 min of exposure to Enterococcus faecalis. For cytotoxic effect evaluation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was performed at three different time points: 24 h, 48 h, and 120 h after adding the sealer eluates to human gingival fibroblasts, to assess cell viability. Data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance followed by post hoc test. Results TotalFill bioceramic sealer showed the highest bacterial reduction against E. faecalis throughout all intervals. AH Plus showed great antibacterial activity initially which reduced drastically after 7 days. All the sealers showed a reduction in their antibacterial activity with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo showed very high cell viability in contrast to AH Plus. Conclusion TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate superior antimicrobial properties against E. faecalis which reduces with time. TotalFill and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrate acceptable biocompatibility against human gingival fibroblasts, which decreased over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabatiny Sebastian
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Walid El-Sayed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal Univesity, Egypt
| | - Pooja Adtani
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | | | - Aswathy Nandakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Ranya F. Elemam
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Bassem Eid
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
| | - Tarek Elsewify
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, UAE
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Cruz Hondares T, Hao X, Zhao Y, Lin Y, Napierala D, Jackson JG, Zhang P. Antibacterial, biocompatible, and mineralization-inducing properties of calcium silicate-based cements. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38605507 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different pulp capping materials have different origins and compositions, require different preparations, and may vary in their bioactive properties. AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, and mineralization-inducing potential of calcium silicate-based pulp capping materials. DESIGN Six contemporary calcium silicate-based cements, ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, EndoSequence, NeoMTA 2, and NeoPutty, were evaluated. The antibacterial effects of these materials against Streptococcus mutans UA159 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 were determined by the agar diffusion assay and the direct culture test. The biocompatibility and mineralization-inducing potential of these materials in preodontoblastic 17IIA11 cells were evaluated by the MTT assay and by Alizarin Red S staining, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION In agar diffusion test, only Biodentine showed distinct antibacterial effects against S. mutans. All the tested materials, however, showed antibacterial effects against S. mutans and E. faecalis in the direct culture test, with Biodentine showing the strongest growth inhibition against both S. mutans and E. faecalis. All the tested materials showed acceptable biocompatibility and mineralization-supporting potential in our experimental conditions. In summary, ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, EndoSequence, NeoMTA 2, and NeoPutty demonstrated acceptable in vitro antimicrobial, biocompatible, and mineralization-supporting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimy Cruz Hondares
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Hao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yuyin Lin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dobrawa Napierala
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences and Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Janice G Jackson
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Moradi Z, Abbasi M, Bahador A, Yekaninejad MS, Khanghah XM, Hoseini AP, Ranjbar Omrani L. Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of different pulp capping liners. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2287019. [PMID: 38204476 PMCID: PMC10763819 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2287019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study compares the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of five pulp capping liners. This in vitro study was conducted on Fuji II LC glass ionomer, Dycal, Calcimol LC, TheraCal LC, and ACTIVA BioACTIVE. For cytotoxicity, the (MTT) methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was performed on 3 samples from each group of human dental pulp cells (HDPSCs) after 24 h of incubation. The direct contact test (DCT) for antibacterial activity, 6 samples (3 for each material, and 3 for negative control), from each liner were made to evaluate Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test (alpha = 0.05). Data analysis showed that the cytotoxicity of the materials was significantly different (p < 0.001). Fuji II LC and ACTIVA BioACTIVE showed strong cytotoxicity, TheraCal LC moderate cytotoxicity, and Dycal and Calcimol LC slight cytotoxicity. The analysis also revealed a significant difference among the materials regarding antibacterial activity (p < 0.001). Tukey's test showed that the mean percentage of reduction in colony count was significant for all liners compared with the positive control (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of reduction in colony count for Dycal was significantly greater than that of Fuji II LC (p = 0.014), Calcimol LC (p = 0.003), and TheraCal LC (p = 0.001). ACTIVA BioACTIVE did not significantly differ from the other materials as regards antibacterial activity. Dycal showed significantly higher antibacterial activity than the other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Moradi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Abbasi
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Xaniar Mohammadi Khanghah
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirahmad Pahlavan Hoseini
- Department of Prosthodontics, Islamic Azad University Dental Branch of Medical sciences, Dental School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Institue, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tran ATL, Sukajintanakarn C, Senawongse P, Sritanaudomchai H, Ruangsawasdi N, Lapthanasupkul P, Kitkumthorn N, Monmaturapoj N, Khamsut C, Naruphontjirakul P, Pongprueksa P. Influence of Lithium- and Zinc-Containing Bioactive Glasses on Pulpal Regeneration. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1120-1128. [PMID: 36812931 PMCID: PMC10756789 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential of modified bioactive glasses containing lithium and zinc as pulp capping materials by investigating the odontogenic differentiation and mineralization response in the tooth culture model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lithium- and zinc-containing bioactive glasses (45S5.1Li, 45S5.5Li, 45S5.1Zn, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.1Zn sol-gel, and 45S5.5Zn sol-gel), fibrinogen-thrombin, and biodentine were prepared to assess Axin2 gene expression at 0, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 12 hours, and 1 day and DSPP gene expression at 0, 3, 7, and 14 days in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) using qRT-PCR. The experimental bioactive glasses incorporated with fibrinogen-thrombin and biodentine were placed on the pulpal tissue in the tooth culture model. Histology and immunohistochemistry were analyzed at 2 weeks and 4 weeks. RESULTS Axin2 gene expression for all experimental groups was significantly higher than the control at 12 hours. The DSPP gene expression for all experimental groups was significantly higher than the control at 14 days. The presence of mineralization foci was significantly higher at 4 weeks for the modified bioactive glasses 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.1Zn sol-gel, and 45S5.5Zn sol-gel as well as Biodentine compared with the fibrinogen-thrombin control. CONCLUSION Lithium- and zinc-containing bioactive glasses increased Axin2 and DSPP gene expression in SHEDs and can potentially enhance pulp mineralization and regeneration. Zinc-containing bioactive glasses are a promising candidate to be used as pulp capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Thi Loc Tran
- Dental Biomaterials Science Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charnsak Sukajintanakarn
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pisol Senawongse
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nisarat Ruangsawasdi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puangwan Lapthanasupkul
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naruporn Monmaturapoj
- Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chutikarn Khamsut
- Assistive Technology and Medical Devices Research Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Parichart Naruphontjirakul
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pong Pongprueksa
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hama Gharib DS, Salman RF. Feasibility of the crude extracts of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius and Colocasia esculenta as intracanal medicaments in endodontic therapy in comparison to the 940 nm diode laser: An in vitro antimicrobial study. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:145-156. [PMID: 36643226 PMCID: PMC9831863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose The elimination and debridement of intracanal bacteria are credited with long-term effectiveness in endodontic therapy. This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial efficacies of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Suran), Colocasia esculenta (Aravi) crude extracts as intracanal medicaments with calcium hydroxide (CH), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, and 940 nm diode laser. Materials and methods Fifty-eight intact, single-root, extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were prepared. The samples were sterilized, transferred into microcentrifuge tubes, and inoculated with E. faecalis. The samples were placed in an incubator for three weeks to allow the biofilm to grow. Then the samples were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n = 10), disinfected with Suran, Aravi crude extracts, CH, 2% CHX gel, and a 940 nm diode laser. The negative control group (n = 4) and the positive control group (n = 4). Then the samples were observed under light and scanning electron microscopy to monitor the E. faecalis biofilm. The sampling method was carried out in paper point (intracanal) and Peeso bur (intradentinal). Later the number of colony-forming units was counted and analyzed. Results Colony-forming units were significantly reduced in the 2% CHX gel in both sampling methods, while Suran showed lower colony-forming units compared to Aravi and CH. The differences between experimental groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) in both sampling methods. Conclusion This study showed that the application of Suran and Aravi crude extracts as intracanal medicaments leads to a significant reduction in the number of bacterial colonies compared to CH, 2% CHX gel, and 940 nm diode laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didar Sadiq Hama Gharib
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, As Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq
- Corresponding author. Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, As Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq.
| | - Raid Fahim Salman
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
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Biodentine Inhibits the Initial Microbial Adhesion of Oral Microbiota In Vivo. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010004. [PMID: 36671205 PMCID: PMC9855060 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo initial microbial adhesion of oral microorganisms on the biomaterial Biodentine compared to MTA and AH Plus. Cylindrical samples of the materials were prepared, and dentin slabs served as a control. An individual intraoral lower jaw splint served as a carrier for the samples and was worn by six volunteers. The specimens were worn for 120 min. Adherent bacteria were quantified by determining the colony-forming units (CFUs), while the visualization and quantification of total adherent microorganisms were facilitated by using DAPI and live/dead staining combined with fluorescence microscopy. Bovine dentin had a significantly higher number of aerobic CFUs compared to Biodentine (p = 0.017) and MTA (p = 0.013). The lowest amounts of DAPI-stained adherent microorganisms were quantified for Biodentine (15% ± 9%) and the control (18% ± 9%), while MTA showed the highest counts of initially adherent microorganisms (38% ± 10%). Significant differences were found for MTA and Biodentine (p = 0.004) as well as for MTA and the control (p = 0.021) and for AH Plus and the control (p = 0.025). Biodentine inhibited microbial adherence, thereby yielding an antimicrobial effectivity similar to that of MTA.
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Manohar S, Bazaz N, Neeraja G, Subramaniam P, Sneharaj N. A comparative evaluation of four regenerative materials for pulpotomy in primary molars: An in vivo study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:102. [PMID: 36618772 PMCID: PMC9811967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preservation of pulpal vitality is of paramount importance as the vital functioning pulp is capable of initiating a unique reparative capacity. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare four regenerative materials for pulpotomy in primary molars. Materials and Methods This in vivo study included a total of 120 primary molars from 30 healthy children aged 3-9 years for regenerative pulpotomy procedure. The teeth were then divided by the lottery method (chits with names of materials on it) into four groups so that each child received all four of the regenerative materials; Group 1: Biodentine (BD)™, Group II: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Plus (MTA Plus™), Group III: Retro MTA (Retro MTA®), and Group IV: Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) cement. All the primary molars (1st/2nd molars) were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Data were subjected to the statistical analysis using the Chi-square test. The level of significance was considered as P < 0.05. Results Clinical evaluation showed 100% success with BD™ and CEM cement; whereas 96.2% success was seen with MTA Plus™ and Retro MTA®. On radiographic evaluation, MTA Plus™ and CEM cement showed 96.2% success, whereas BD™ and Retro MTA® showed 92.59% success rate. Conclusion All four regenerative materials showed high success in the pulpotomy of primary molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Manohar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Negar Bazaz
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - G. Neeraja
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Subramaniam
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Priya Subramaniam, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, 10th Milestone, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru - 560 068, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - N Sneharaj
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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10
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An in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of a fast-setting endodontic material. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16021. [PMID: 36163407 PMCID: PMC9513078 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the fast-setting iRoot Fast Set Root Repair Material (iRoot FS), Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine. The materials were freshly mixed or set for 1 and 7 days to conduct the agar diffusion test, direct contact test and carry-over effect test against E. faecalis and P. gingivalis, and the pH values were also measured. The data were analyzed by an analysis of variance and one-way ANOVA or Dunnett's T3 test, and the Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05). In the direct contact test, all three materials showed good antibacterial activity after setting for 20 min. The antibacterial properties of the three materials decreased with the increase of setting time (p < 0.05). The suspension of all the three materials showed high pH values (11-12) and no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). With the extension of setting time, the pH of iRoot FS and Biodentine slightly decreased (p < 0.05). Fresh iRoot FS, Biodentine, and MTA killed E. faecalis and P. gingivalis effectively, but their antimicrobial effect decreased after 24 h, and distinctly decreased after 7 days after mixing. iRoot FS, Biodentine, and MTA showed a tendency of alkalinity during this 7-day experiment.
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Elgendi H, Hamdy M. Antimicrobial Potential of Grape Seed Extract and MTA: A Comparative Experimental Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: This study aims to evaluate and compare the antibacterial potential of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and grape seed extract (GSE) against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staph aureus, Candida albicans, Lactobacillus spp., and Streptococcus sobrinus.
HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that GSE could have potent antimicrobial effect against oral pathogens when compared to MTA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: MTA and GSE were utilized to determine the antibacterial effectiveness against S. mutans, E. faecalis, S. aureus, C. albicans, Lactobacillus spp. and S. sobrinus using the agar well diffusion test. The tested materials were used according to the manufacturer’s instructions and put into the prepared wells of agar plates; diluted inocula (105 and 106 CFU/ml) of the tested microorganism strains were also used. For bacteria, all plates were incubated at 37°C in anaerobic conditions, and for C. albicans, at 30°C. The inhibitory zones were determined after 3 days. A digital caliper was used to measure the diameter of bacterial inhibition zones surrounding each well to the nearest size in mm.
RESULTS: GSE-created inhibition zones against all tested microorganisms except C. albicans, zones were significantly larger than MTA-created zones (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Both MTA and GSE showed antimicrobial effect against all tested microorganisms except C. albicans, which will pave the route to use GSE as a natural herbal substitute of MTA.
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Camilleri J, Atmeh A, Li X, Meschi N. Present status and future directions: Hydraulic materials for endodontic use. Int Endod J 2022; 55 Suppl 3:710-777. [PMID: 35167119 PMCID: PMC9314068 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydraulic materials are used in Endodontics due to their hydration characteristics namely the formation of calcium hydroxide when mixing with water and also because of their hydraulic properties. These materials are presented in various consistencies and delivery methods. They are composed primarily of tricalcium and dicalcium silicate, and also include a radiopacifier, additives and an aqueous or a non-aqueous vehicle. Only materials whose primary reaction is with water can be classified as hydraulic. OBJECTIVES Review of the classification of hydraulic materials by Camilleri and the literature pertaining to specific uses of hydraulic cements in endodontics namely intra-coronal, intra-radicular and extra-radicular. Review of the literature on the material properties linked to specific uses providing the current status of these materials after which future trends and gaps in knowledge could be identified. METHODS The literature was reviewed using PUBMED, and for each clinical use, the in vitro properties such as physical, chemical, biological and antimicrobial characteristics and clinical data were extracted and evaluated. RESULTS A large number of publications were retrieved for each clinical use and these were grouped depending on the property type being investigated. CONCLUSIONS The hydraulic cements have made a difference in clinical outcomes. The main shortcoming is the poor testing methodologies employed which provide very limited information and also inhibits adequate clinical translation. Furthermore, the clinical protocols need to be updated to enable the materials to be employed effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josette Camilleri
- School of DentistryCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Amre Atmeh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM)Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU)DubaiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oral Health SciencesBIOMAT – Biomaterials Research GroupKU Leuven and DentistryUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Nastaran Meschi
- Department of Oral Health SciencesBIOMAT – Biomaterials Research GroupKU Leuven and DentistryUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Borompiyasawat P, Putraphan B, Luangworakhun S, Sukarawan W, Techatharatip O. Chlorhexidine gluconate enhances the remineralization effect of high viscosity glass ionomer cement on dentin carious lesions in vitro. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:60. [PMID: 35248048 PMCID: PMC8898514 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
To compare the mean mineral density (MMD) and examine the remineralization of carious dentin after cavity disinfection with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and restoration with high viscosity glass ionomer cement (H-GIC) in vitro.
Methods
Selective caries removal to leathery dentin was performed in 40 extracted primary molars. The samples were scanned using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to determine the MMD baseline and randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): Equia™ group, applied dentin conditioner and restored with H-GIC (Equia Forte™), CHX-Equia™ group, disinfected the cavity with 2% CHX before applying dentin conditioner and restored with H-GIC (Equia Forte™), Ketac™ group, restored with H-GIC (Ketac Universal™) and CHX-Ketac™ group, disinfected the cavity with 2% CHX before restored with H-GIC (Ketac Universal™). The samples underwent micro-CT scanning post-restoration and post-pH-cycling to determine their respective MMDs. One sample from each group was randomly selected to analyze by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results
The MMD gain in the 4 groups post-restoration was significantly different between the Equia™ and CHX-Ketac™ groups (oneway ANOVA with Post hoc (Tukey) test, P = 0.045). There was a significant difference in MMD gain post-restoration between the Equia™ and CHX-Equia™ groups (Independent t-test, P = 0.046). However, the Ketac™ and CHX-Ketac™ group’s MMD were similar. The SEM images revealed that the CHX-Ketac™ group had the smallest dentinal tubule orifices and the thickest intertubular dentin among the groups. However, the CHX-Equia™ group had thicker intertubular dentin than the Equia™ group.
Conclusion
Applying 2% CHX on demineralized dentin enhances the remineralization of the dentin beneath the restoration.
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Ruiz-Linares M, de Oliveira Fagundes J, Solana C, Baca P, Ferrer-Luque CM. Current status on antimicrobial activity of a tricalcium silicate cement. J Oral Sci 2022; 64:113-117. [PMID: 35197418 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biodentine (BD) is a bioactive material with many indications in endodontic therapy. The purpose of this study was to compile and review the outcomes of in vitro and in vivo studies of BD in terms of antimicrobial effectiveness. An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, from January 2009-April 2021 using the keywords: (Biodentine or dentine substitute or "Ca3SiO5" or tricalcium silicate cement or bioceramic cement) and (antimicrobial activity or antimicrobial effect or antimicrobial effectiveness or antibacterial activity or antibacterial effect or antibacterial effectiveness or antibiofilm activity or antibiofilm effectiveness). Two independent reviewers evaluated the studies for eligibility. All studies that did not include BD or its antimicrobial properties, as well as abstracts not written in English, were excluded. This review identified the need to develop standardized methods to evaluate antimicrobial activity in vitro. Most of the studies were against planktonic bacteria and gave conflicting results. Studies ex vivo and in vivo against biofilm are required to elucidate the antimicrobial activity of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmen Solana
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada
| | - Pilar Baca
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada
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Ruiz-Linares M, Solana C, Baca P, Arias-Moliz MT, Ferrer-Luque CM. Antibiofilm potential over time of a tricalcium silicate material and its association with sodium diclofenac. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2661-2669. [PMID: 34713359 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study are to investigate, over time, the antimicrobial activity against polymicrobial biofilms and ability to inhibit biofilm formation, of Biodentine (BD) alone and with 5% and 10% sodium diclofenac (DC). MATERIAL AND METHODS The antimicrobial activity of BD alone and modified with 5% and 10% DC against polymicrobial biofilm growth in dentin was determined by a modified direct contact test. The study groups were (1) BD; (2) BD + 5% DC; and (3) BD + 10% DC. The viability of microorganisms after 1 and 4 weeks was quantified by means of an ATP assay and flow cytometry. The antibiofilm efficacy of the materials, preventing polymicrobial biofilm formation over time, was assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). RESULTS The results obtained with both the ATP test and flow cytometry showed that BD alone and with 5% and 10% DC exerted antibiofilm activity with respect to the control, in the two evaluated times (p < 0.001). Comparison between groups showed a tendency of increased antimicrobial effect, both over time and depending on the DC concentration. These results coincide with those obtained in CLSM analysis, where efficacy increased with time and DC concentration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Biodentine, over time, showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy on polymicrobial biofilms. The addition of 5% and 10% DC to BD enhanced this effect, in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - C Solana
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - P Baca
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - M T Arias-Moliz
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - C M Ferrer-Luque
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Campus de Cartuja, Colegio Máximo s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
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Rechmann P, Le CQ, Chaffee BW, Rechmann BMT. Demineralization prevention with a new antibacterial restorative composite containing QASi nanoparticles: an in situ study. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:5293-5305. [PMID: 33608748 PMCID: PMC7895509 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether a newly developed dental composite with quaternary ammonium silica dioxide (QASi) nanoparticles incorporated with other fillers into the restorative material demonstrates antibacterial activity by reducing enamel demineralization in an in situ gap model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty subjects wearing a lower removable partial denture (RPD) with acrylic flanges on both sides of the mouth were recruited into the 4-week in situ study. The gap model consisted of an enamel slab placed next to a composite, separated by a 38-μm space. In the split-mouth design on one side of the RPD, the composite was the Nobio Infinix composite (Nobio Ltd., Kadima, Israel), and the contralateral side used a control composite. Each participant received enamel slabs from one tooth. The gap model was recessed into the RPD buccal flange, allowing microbial plaque to accumulate within the gap. After 4 weeks of continuous wearing, decalcification (∆Z mineral loss) of the enamel slabs adjacent to the gap was determined by cross-sectional microhardness testing in the laboratory. RESULTS The ∆Z for the antibacterial composite test side was 235±354 (mean±standard deviation [SD]; data reported from 17 participants) and statistically significantly lower compared to ∆Z of the control side (774±556; mean±SD) (paired t-test, P<0.0001; mean of test minus control -539 (SD=392), 95% confidence interval of difference: -741, -338). CONCLUSIONS This in situ clinical study showed that composites with QASi antibacterial particles significantly reduced demineralization in enamel adjacent to a 38-μm gap over a 4-week period in comparison to a conventional composite. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Composites with QASi nanoparticle technology have the potential to reduce the occurrence of secondary caries. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT04059250.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rechmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Charles Q Le
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Benjamin W Chaffee
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Beate M T Rechmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, 707 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Pelepenko LE, Saavedra F, Antunes TBM, Bombarda GF, Gomes BPFDA, Zaia AA, Marciano MA. Investigation of a modified hydraulic calcium silicate-based material - Bio-C Pulpo. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e077. [PMID: 34161414 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the physicochemical, biological, and antimicrobial properties of a new hydraulic calcium silicate-based modified material, and compared it with MTA Repair HP and MTA Angelus. The materials were assessed regarding color luminosity (L), color change, radiopacity, setting time, and ISO 6876:2012 linear flow. Volumetric filling and volume change were evaluated using microcomputed-tomography (µCT). Chemical characterization after 28 days in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and pH analysis were also assessed. Biological characterization of cytotoxicity and microbiological assessment were also undertaken. Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, Levene and post hoc analyses with Bonferroni correction were performed, adopting a 5% significance level (p <0.05). Bio-C Pulpo exhibited the highest L values after 90 days. All tested materials demonstrated color change during the analyses, and had radiopacity above 5 mm Al. MTA Repair HP set faster than Bio-C Pulpo, whereas the latter had the highest linear flow. MTA Repair HP had the highest volumetric filling in µCT analysis. Bio-C Pulpo showed the highest alkalinity during all tested periods, and the highest volumetric loss (above 9%), in comparison with MTA Repair HP and MTA Angelus. Bio-C Pulpo did not form calcium hydroxide after hydration. MTA Repair HP demonstrated the highest cytocompatibility, and Bio-C Pulpo, the highest cytotoxicity. No inhibition halos were observed for any material, and similar higher turbidity values were seen after direct contact. Composition additives used in Bio-C Pulpo modified its properties, and both the absence of calcium hydroxide deposition after hydration, and the related cytotoxicity of this material are of particular concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauter Eston Pelepenko
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Saavedra
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Fernanda Bombarda
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Augusto Zaia
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina Angélica Marciano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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18
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Arandi NZ, Thabet M. Minimal Intervention in Dentistry: A Literature Review on Biodentine as a Bioactive Pulp Capping Material. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5569313. [PMID: 33884264 PMCID: PMC8041541 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5569313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Root canal treatment has been the treatment of choice for carious pulp exposures. In the perspective of minimally invasive dentistry and preventive endodontics, a direct pulp capping procedure with a reliable bioactive material may be considered an alternative approach provided that the pulp status is favorable. However, the treatment of pulp exposure by pulp capping is still a controversial issue with no clear literature available on this topic, leaving the concerned practitioner more confused than satisfied. Biodentine is a relatively new bioactive material explored for vital pulp therapy procedures. This article discusses its role in direct pulp capping procedures. A thorough literature search of the database was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the keywords preventive endodontics, calcium silicate cement, direct pulp capping, Biodentine, and vital pulp therapy. Reference mining of the articles that were identified was used to locate other papers and enrich the findings. No limits were imposed on the year of publication, but only articles in English were considered. This paper is aimed at reviewing the current literature on Biodentine as a direct pulp capping material. The review will provide a better understanding of Biodentine's properties and can aid in the decision-making process for maintaining the vitality of exposed dental pulp with minimal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Ziad Arandi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Arab American University, Jenin, State of Palestine
| | - Mohammad Thabet
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, State of Palestine
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Esteki P, Jahromi MZ, Tahmourespour A. In vitro antimicrobial activity of mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine, and calcium-enriched mixture cement against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans using the agar diffusion technique. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:3. [PMID: 34084290 PMCID: PMC8122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the antimicrobial activity of Biodentine, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro study, microbial suspensions were inoculated onto agar plates. The antimicrobial effects of MTA, Biodentine and CEM cement were assessed against E. faecalis, S. mutans, and C. albicans by the agar diffusion test. In each experimental group, 7 plates containing 3 wells were prepared and immediately filled with freshly mixed cements. Positive and negative control plates were prepared with/without the bacterial suspension, respectively. After 2 h of preincubation at room temperature, the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The diameter of growth inhibition zones was measured after 24 h. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Biodentine showed strong antimicrobial activity against all three microorganisms with an average inhibition zone of 9.10 mm. The inhibitory effect of Biodentine on E. faecalis and C. albicans was significantly superior to that of the other two cements (P < 0.05). MTA and CEM cement showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity against S. mutans (P < 0.05). The antimicrobial effects of Biodentine on S. mutans and E. faecalis were significantly greater than on C. albicans (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION All cements revealed antimicrobial properties against the tested microbial strains. Biodentine had stronger antimicrobial effects against E. faecalis and C. albicans compared with MTA and CEM cement. Furthermore, the largest inhibition zones around all three cements belonged to S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Esteki
- Graduated of Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare Jahromi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Tahmourespour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Dental School, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
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Pourhajibagher M, Ranjbar Omrani L, Noroozian M, Ghorbanzadeh Z, Bahador A. In vitro antibacterial activity and durability of a nano-curcumin-containing pulp capping agent combined with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 33:102150. [PMID: 33346058 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the antibacterial properties of nano-curcumin (nCur) reinforced with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), this study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity and durability of Activa BioActive Base/Liner (ABBL) containing nCur (nCur-ABBL) as a pulp capping agent against Streptococcus mutans, the most common cause of secondary caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this in vitro experimental study, ABBL discs containing 0.5 %, 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w) concentrations of nCur were fabricated. After aPDT using light emitting diode (LED) at 435 ± 20 nm wavelength for 5 min, the discs were undergone aging in artificial saliva for 90 days. The antibacterial activity of the discs against S. mutans was evaluated by the disc agar diffusion test, and the number of bacterial colonies present in the biofilm formed on the disc surfaces was counted after 0, 15, 30, and 60 days of aging. RESULTS The maximum growth inhibition zone was noted around the 5% nCur-ABBL discs. Increasing the concentration of nCur from 0.5 % to 5% combined with aPDT significantly decreased the number of S. mutans colonies in the biofilm over time (P < 0.05). nCur-ABBL discs containing 2% and 5% nCur had no difference in antibacterial activity at any time point up to 60 days (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION According to our data, 5% nCur-ABBL revealed the largest growth inhibition zone in S. mutans culture. Moreover, 5% nCur can serve as an excellent ABBL additive in aPDT producer against S. mutans biofilms up to 60 days of aging period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pourhajibagher
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Ranjbar Omrani
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Noroozian
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorbanzadeh
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bahador
- Oral Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Queiroz MB, Torres FFE, Rodrigues EM, Viola KS, Bosso-Martelo R, Chavez-Andrade GM, Souza MT, Zanotto ED, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Development and evaluation of reparative tricalcium silicate-ZrO 2 -Biosilicate composites. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:468-476. [PMID: 32860327 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Biosilicate is a bioactive glass-ceramic used in medical and dental applications. This study evaluated novel reparative materials composed of pure tricalcium silicate (TCS), 30% zirconium oxide (ZrO2 ) and 10 or 20% biosilicate, in comparison with Biodentine. Setting time was evaluated based on ISO 6876 standard, radiopacity by radiographic analysis, solubility by mass loss, and pH by using a pH meter. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and NR assays. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red were used to evaluate cell bioactivity. Antimicrobial activity was assessed on Enterococcus faecalis by the direct contact test. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Tukey; Bonferroni and Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn tests (α = 0.05). The association of Biosilicate with TCS + ZrO2 had appropriate setting time, radiopacity, and solubility, alkaline pH, and antimicrobial activity. TCS and Biodentine showed higher ALP activity in 14 days than the control (serum-free medium). All cements produced mineralized nodules. In conclusion, Biosilicate + TCS ZrO2 decreased the setting time and increased the radiopacity in comparison to TCS. Biosilicate + TCS ZrO2 presented lower solubility and higher radiopacity than Biodentine. In addition, these experimental cements promoted antimicrobial activity and mineralization nodules formation, suggesting their potential for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela B Queiroz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F E Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elisandra M Rodrigues
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kennia S Viola
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Bosso-Martelo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Bahia Federal University (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gisselle M Chavez-Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina T Souza
- CeRTEV-Center for Research, Technology and Education in Vitreous Materials, Vitreous Materials Laboratory (LaMaV), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgar D Zanotto
- CeRTEV-Center for Research, Technology and Education in Vitreous Materials, Vitreous Materials Laboratory (LaMaV), Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliane M Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Huang Y, Li X, Mandal P, Wu Y, Liu L, Gui H, Liu J. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:118. [PMID: 31215426 PMCID: PMC6582474 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers (GuttaFlow2, AH Plus, ProRoot MTA and RealSeal) against E. feacalis, E.coli and C.albicans. Methods The antimicrobial activities of four endodontic sealers were assessed by both agar diffusion test (ADT) and direct contact test (DCT) in this study. In ADT, the results were reported as the diameter of the growth inhibition zone. Both fresh and 1-day-setting sealers were measured. In DCT, microorganisms in suspension were exposed to the sealers for 10, 30 and 60 min and the survival of microorganisms were determined after exposure at different time points(after mixing, 1 and 7 days). The number of colony-forming unit (CFU) was counted. The results were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results Both ADT and DCT results showed that Guttaflow2 presented no effect against any tested microorganisms. In ADT, fresh RealSeal had the largest inhibition zone against all tested microbes, followed by AH Plus and ProRoot MTA. ProRoot MTA demonstrated inhibition zones against all the three test microbes after setting for 1 day, while the other three sealers showed no inhibition activity. In DCT, fresh AH Plus had the strongest antimicrobial effects against all the three tested microorganisms for every contact times, while its antimicrobial activity diminished significantly with time. Fresh RealSeal and ProRoot MTA also showed strong antimicrobial effect and still showed antimicrobial effect after 1-day-setting. The antibacterial effects of RealSeal against E. faecalis and antifungal effect of ProRoot MTA were observed after 7 days of setting. Conclusions GuttaFlow2 had no antimicrobial activity. Freshly mixed RealSeal and AH Plus demonstrated strong antimicrobial effects. RealSeal showed antimicrobial effects after setting in DCT. ProRoot MTA showed high antimicrobial activity and exhibited anti-inflammation potentials after setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Preeti Mandal
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihua Gui
- Department of Cadre health care section, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277# JieFang avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Fan ML, He LB, Li JY. [Recent advances in direct pulp capping materials]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 36:675-680. [PMID: 30593117 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The long-term effect of direct pulp capping and pulpotomy is closely related to the type of pulp capping materials. Various kinds of direct pulp capping materials are available, such as calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregates. Diverse new pulp capping materials have been reported recently. The excellent performance of calcium silicates has attracted much attention in previous studies. Moreover, enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain), which is capable of regeneration and remineralization, and other materials with similar capabilities have shown potential for use in pulp capping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Bang He
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ji-Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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An S. The emerging role of extracellular Ca
2+
in osteo/odontogenic differentiation and the involvement of intracellular Ca
2+
signaling: From osteoblastic cells to dental pulp cells and odontoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2169-2193. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng An
- Department of Operative Dentistry and EndodonticsGuanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou China
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25
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The Relationship of Surface Characteristics and Antimicrobial Performance of Pulp Capping Materials. J Endod 2018; 44:1115-1120. [PMID: 29861063 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulp capping materials need to be able to protect the pulp but also bond to the overlying restorative materials. Light-curable pulp capping materials bond better to restorative materials and are easier to place than most water-based cements. The aim of this study was to characterize new light-curable tricalcium silicate-based pulp capping materials and compare their surface and antimicrobial properties with clinically available Theracal (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL) and Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France). METHODS The surface characteristics of 3 light-curable pulp capping materials based on a resin and filled with tricalcium silicate and tantalum oxide radiopacifier and Theracal and Biodentine were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and contact angle measurement. The radiopacity was measured following ISO 6876 standards. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the direct contact test and the antibiofilm activity by the adenosine triphosphate assay and the confocal laser scanning Live/Dead assay (Invitrogen, Eugene, OR) using a polymicrobial culture. RESULTS The surface characteristics of the materials varied with the unfilled resin and Biodentine exhibiting a hydrophobic surface. Biodentine showed significantly higher antimicrobial properties in the direct contact test, but this property was absent in the antibiofilm activity tests. The resins filled with tricalcium silicate and Theracal showed higher antimicrobial activity than Biodentine in the adenosine triphosphate and live/dead assays. CONCLUSIONS The surface characteristics of a material affect its antimicrobial properties. The experimental resin-modified materials exhibited comparable antimicrobial properties with other light-curable pulp capping agents. Further long-term studies on the materials' antimicrobial activity are required to assess whether they can result in better clinical outcomes.
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26
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Rajasekharan S, Martens LC, Cauwels RGEC, Anthonappa RP. Biodentine™ material characteristics and clinical applications: a 3 year literature review and update. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 19:1-22. [PMID: 29372451 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biodentine™ has frequently been acknowledged in the literature as a promising material and serves as an important representative of tricalcium silicate based cements used in dentistry. AIM To provide an update on the physical and biological properties of Biodentine™ and to compare these properties with those of other tricalcium silicate cements namely, different variants of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) such as ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Micro Mega MTA (MM-MTA), Retro MTA, Ortho MTA, MTA Plus, GCMTA, MTA HP and calcium enriched mixture (CEM), Endosequence and Bioaggregate™. STUDY DESIGN A comprehensive literature search for publications from November 20, 2013 to November 20, 2016 was performed by two independent reviewers on Medline (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL (Cochrane), SIGLE, SciELO, Scopus, Lilacs and clinicaltrials.gov. Electronic and hand search was carried out to identify randomised control trials (RCTs), case control studies, case series, case reports, as well as in vitro and animal studies published in the English language. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced physical and biologic properties of Biodentine™ could be attributed to the presence of finer particle size, use of zirconium oxide as radiopacifier, purity of tricalcium silicate, absence of dicalcium silicate, and the addition of calcium chloride and hydrosoluble polymer. Furthermore, as Biodentine™ overcomes the major drawbacks of MTA it has great potential to revolutionise the different treatment modalities in paediatric dentistry and endodontics especially after traumatic injuries. Nevertheless, high quality long-term clinical studies are required to facilitate definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rajasekharan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and special care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - L C Martens
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and special care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R G E C Cauwels
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and special care, PAECOMEDIS Research Cluster, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R P Anthonappa
- Paediatric Oral Health Research Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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27
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Characterization of Chlorhexidine-Loaded Calcium-Hydroxide Microparticles as a Potential Dental Pulp-Capping Material. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4030059. [PMID: 28952538 PMCID: PMC5615305 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the delivery of novel calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] microparticles loaded with chlorhexidine (CHX) for potential dental therapeutic and preventive applications. Herein, we introduce a new approach for drug-delivery to deep dentin-surfaces in the form of drug-loaded microparticles. Unloaded Ca(OH)2 [Ca(OH)2/Blank] and CHX-loaded/Ca(OH)2 microparticles were fabricated by aqueous chemical-precipitation technique. The synthesized-microparticles were characterized in vitro for determination of surface-morphology, crystalline-features and thermal-properties examined by energy-dispersive X-ray scanning and transmission electron-microscopy (EDX-SEM/TEM), Fourier-transform infrared-spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning-calorimetry (DSC). Time-related pH changes, initial antibacterial/biofilm-abilities and cytotoxicity of CHX-loaded/Ca(OH)2 microparticles were evaluated. Microparticles were delivered to dentin-surfaces with subsequent SEM examination of treated dentin-substrates. The in vitro and ex vivo CHX-release profiles were characterized. Ca(OH)2/Blank were hexagonal-shaped with highest z-average diameter whereas CHX-inclusion evidenced micro-metric spheres with distinguishable surface “rounded deposits” and a negative-shift in diameter. CHX:Ca(OH)2/50 mg exhibited maximum encapsulation-efficiency with good antibacterial and cytocompatible properties. SEM examination revealed an intact layer of microparticles on exposed dentin-surfaces with retention of spherical shape and smooth texture. Microparticles loaded on dentin-surfaces showed prolonged release of CHX indicating substantial retention on dentin-substrates. This study validated the inherent-applicability of this novel drug-delivery approach to dentin-surfaces using micro-metric CHX-loaded/Ca(OH)2 microparticles.
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Arias-Moliz MT, Farrugia C, Lung CYK, Wismayer PS, Camilleri J. Antimicrobial and biological activity of leachate from light curable pulp capping materials. J Dent 2017. [PMID: 28645637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Characterization of a number of pulp capping materials and assessment of the leachate for elemental composition, antimicrobial activity and cell proliferation and expression. METHODOLOGY Three experimental light curable pulp-capping materials, Theracal and Biodentine were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The elemental composition of the leachate formed after 24h was assessed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The antimicrobial activity of the leachate was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against multispecies suspensions of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 33478 and Streptococcus sobrinus ATCC 33399. Cell proliferation and cell metabolic function over the material leachate was assessed by an indirect contact test using 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS The hydration behavior of the test materials varied with Biodentine being the most reactive and releasing the highest amount of calcium ions in solution. All materials tested except the unfilled resin exhibited depletion of phosphate ions from the solution indicating interaction of the materials with the media. Regardless the different material characteristics, there was a similar antimicrobial activity and cellular activity. All the materials exhibited no antimicrobial activity and were initially cytotoxic with cell metabolic function improving after 3days. CONCLUSIONS The development of light curable tricalcium silicate-based pulp capping materials is important to improve the bonding to the final resin restoration. Testing of both antimicrobial activity and biological behavior is critical for material development. The experimental light curable materials exhibited promising biological properties but require further development to enhance the antimicrobial characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cher Farrugia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta
| | - Christie Y K Lung
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Josette Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.
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29
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Antimicrobial activity of ProRoot MTA in contact with blood. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41359. [PMID: 28128328 PMCID: PMC5269669 DOI: 10.1038/srep41359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental materials based on Portland cement, which is used in the construction industry have gained popularity for clinical use due to their hydraulic properties, the interaction with tooth tissue and their antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial properties are optimal in vitro. However in clinical use contact with blood may affect the antimicrobial properties. This study aims to assess whether antimicrobial properties of the Portland cement-based dental cements such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) are also affected by contact with blood present in clinical situations. ProRoot MTA, a Portland cement-based dental cement was characterized following contact with water, or heparinized blood after 1 day and 7 days aging. The antimicrobial activity under the mentioned conditions was assessed using 3 antimicrobial tests: agar diffusion test, direct contact test and intratubular infection test. MTA in contact with blood was severely discoloured, exhibited an additional phosphorus peak in elemental analysis, no calcium hydroxide peaks and no areas of bacterial inhibition growth in the agar diffusion test were demonstrated. ProRoot MTA showed limited antimicrobial activity, in both the direct contact test and intratubular infection test. When aged in water ProRoot MTA showed higher antimicrobial activity than when aged in blood. Antimicrobial activity reduced significantly after 7 days. Further assessment is required to investigate behaviour in clinical situations.
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Puspita S, Utoro T, Haniastuti T. Nestin expressions of exposed pulp after direct pulp capping by calcium hydroxide and platelet rich plasma. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:341-344. [PMID: 27403050 PMCID: PMC4926585 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.184157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate nestin expression of pulp tissue following direct pulp capping with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The thirty sound teeth from Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into two groups: Groups 1, teeth were capped with calcium hydroxide/Ca(OH)2 (n = 15) and Group 2 with PRP (n = 15). After 1(st), 7(th), and 21(st) days, respectively, 5 teeth each group (American Dental Association 41) were processed for light microscopic examination. Expressions of nestin were assessed by immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS Nestin expression of Ca(OH)2 on the distance place of exposure at 1(st) and 7(th) days were 80% and at 21(st) day were 60%. Nestin expression of PRP on the distance place at 1(st) day was 80%, 7(th) 100%, and 21(st) day was 80%. At day 21 observation, Kruskal-Wallis test shows nestin expression was increased significantly in PRP groups (P < 0.05), but it was not increase significantly compare with Ca(OH)2. CONCLUSION PRP had ability as a direct pulp capping material to induce nestin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sartika Puspita
- Biomedical Department, School of Dentistry, Medical and Health Sciences Faculty Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (UMY), Indonesia
| | - Totok Utoro
- Department of Pathology Anatomi, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tetiana Haniastuti
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Özyürek T, Demiryürek EÖ. Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of direct pulp-capping materials: Mineral trioxide aggregate-Angelus and Biodentine. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:569-572. [PMID: 27994321 PMCID: PMC5146775 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.194018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the antimicrobial activity of the tricalcium silicate-based Biodentine (BD) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-Angelus cement with the aid of agar diffusion test. Materials and Methods: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus faecium were inoculated in the Brucella liquid medium and were incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Thereafter, 100 >μl of the liquid culture of bacteria inoculated in the Mueller-Hinton agar with spread plate technique. Petri plates were dried in room temperature. For every microorganism, 3 petri plates were prepared (12 in total). In the medium, in every petri plate, 2 holes with 5 mm diameter and 2 mm depth were made. Afterward, BD and MTA-Angelus were filled into these holes under aseptic conditions according to the instructions of the manufacturing company. Then, the plates were kept in the incubator at 37°C for 24 h, and the diameters of the inhibition zones were measured with a digital caliper. Results: Inhibition zones formed by BD against E. coli and S. aureus were significantly larger than the zones formed by MTA-Angelus (P < 0.05). However, the inhibition zones formed by MTA-Angelus against P. aureus and E. faecium were larger than the zones formed by BD (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limits of the present study, tricalcium silicate-based MTA-Angelus and BD have antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aureus, and E. faecium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Özyürek
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Short-term treatment outcome of pulpotomies in primary molars using mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:1639-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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