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Yuan Z, Zhao Z, Hu H, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Tang Q, Huang R, Gao F, Zou C, Wang G, Wang X. IgG Fc Binding Protein ( FCGBP) is Down-Regulated in Metastatic Lesions and Predicts Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:967-977. [PMID: 33603401 PMCID: PMC7886382 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s285171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The liver is the most frequent site for metastatic spread in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and these patients have much poorer prognosis than those without metastasis. Previous studies have shown that IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP) plays important roles in tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis, but its role in CRC metastasis remains unclear. Purpose In this study, we are aimed to explore the significance of FCGBP in liver metastatic CRC (LMCRC) patients. Methods We analyzed the expression of FCGBP RNA between CRC primary samples and liver metastatic samples in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Next, we assessed the expression of FCGBP protein in 135 paired primary CRC (PC) samples and LMCRC samples. Finally, we explored the relationship between the expression features and clinicopathological characteristics. Results The expression data of FCGBP were obtained from the GEO and TCGA databases. FCGBP RNA expression was evaluated between primary lesions (PC) and liver metastatic lesions (LM). FCGBP RNA was down-regulated in PC and LM, and especially lower in LM (p<0.001). Next, the expression of FCGBP protein was evaluated by an immunohistochemistry array in 135 paired primary tumor tissues and metastatic tissues. We found that FCGBP protein was down-regulated in primary lesions and metastatic lesions, especially in metastatic lesions. According to the immunohistochemistry score (SI), each cohort was divided into FCGBP-positive (SI=4–12) and FCGBP-negative (SI=0–3) groups. In both groups, the levels of CEA (PC group, 3.880 vs 77.049, p<0.001; LM group, 3.890 vs 14.239, p=0.008) and CA19-9 (PC group, 8.610 vs 111.700, p<0.001; LM group, 7.660 vs 19.380, p=0.037) were lower than those in the FCGBP-negative group. FCGBP positivity in the LM cohort was an independent risk factor in both overall survival (HR 1.573, 95% Cl [1.017–2.433], p=0.042) and disease-free survival (HR 1.869, 95% Cl [1.256–2.781], p=0.002). Conclusion This study found a relationship between FCGBP expression and clinical information of LMCRC patients, and found that FCGBP expression decreased with disease development. The expression of FCGBP in liver metastasis is associated with both the overall and progression-free survival. Our results show that FCGBP could be a promising prognostic factor for LMCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixun Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqing Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyuan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchao Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoxia Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyu Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xishan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Aboulthana WM, Ibrahim NES, Osman NM, Seif MM, Hassan AK, Youssef AM, El-Feky AM, Madboli AA. Evaluation of the Biological Efficiency of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Croton tiglium L. Seeds Extract against Azoxymethane Induced Colon Cancer in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1369-1389. [PMID: 32458646 PMCID: PMC7541879 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered as the most common type of gastrointestinal cancers. Chemotherapy became limited due to the adverse side effects. Therefore, the most effective Croton tiglium extract was selected to be incorporated by silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) then evaluated against colon cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM) in rats. METHODS Different hematological and biochemical measurements were quantified in addition to markers of oxidative stress. Specific tumor and inflammatory markers were assayed. Colonic tissues were examined histopathologically in addition to immunohistochemistry (IHC). Native proteins and isoenzymes patterns were electrophoretically assayed beside expression of Tumor Protein P53 (TP53) and Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) genes in colonic tissues. RESULTS It was found that AOM caused significant (P≤0.05) elevation in the hematological and biochemical measurements. C. tiglium nano-extract restored these measurements to normalcy. Tumor and inflammatory markers elevated significantly (P≤0.05) in sera of AOM induced colon cancer group in addition to increasing peroxidation products with decline in antioxidant enzymes activities in colon tissues. Nano-extract restored these measurements to normalcy in post-treated group. Histopathological study revealed that nano-extract minimized severity of inflammatory reactions in all nano-extract treated groups and prevented anti-Keratin 20 antibody expression in post-treated group. The lowest similarity index (SI%) values were noticed with electrophoretic protein (SI=71.43%), lipid (SI=0.00%) and calcium (SI=75.00%) moieties of protein patterns, catalase (SI=85.71%), peroxidase (SI=85.71%), α-esterase (SI=50.00%) and β-esterase (SI=50.00%) isoenzymes in colon cancer group. Furthermore, AOM altered the relative quantities of total native bands. The nano-extract prevented the alterations that occurred qualitatively in nano-extract post-treated group and quantitatively in all nano-extract treated groups. Levels of TP53 and APC gene expression increased in AOM injected group and nano-extract restored their levels to normalcy in the post-treated group. CONCLUSION C. tiglium nano-extract exhibited ameliorative effect against the biochemical and molecular alterations induced by AOM in nano-extract post-treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Mahmoud Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
- For Correspondence:
| | - Noha El-Sayed Ibrahim
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Noha Mohamed Osman
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Seif
- Toxicology and Food contaminants, Food Industry and Nutrition Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Amgad Kamal Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Amal Mostafa El-Feky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - A A Madboli
- Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Department, Veterinary Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt .
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Sayagués JM, Corchete LA, Gutiérrez ML, Sarasquete ME, Del Mar Abad M, Bengoechea O, Fermiñán E, Anduaga MF, Del Carmen S, Iglesias M, Esteban C, Angoso M, Alcazar JA, García J, Orfao A, Muñoz-Bellvis L. Genomic characterization of liver metastases from colorectal cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72908-72922. [PMID: 27662660 PMCID: PMC5341953 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic dissemination is the most frequent cause of death of sporadic colorectal cancer (sCRC) patients. Genomic abnormalities which are potentially characteristic of such advanced stages of the disease are complex and so far, they have been poorly described and only partially understood. We evaluated the molecular heterogeneity of sCRC tumors based on simultaneous assessment of the overall GEP of both coding mRNA and non-coding RNA genes in primary sCRC tumor samples from 23 consecutive patients and their paired liver metastases. Liver metastases from the sCRC patients analyzed, systematically showed deregulated transcripts of those genes identified as also deregulated in their paired primary colorectal carcinomas. However, some transcripts were found to be specifically deregulated in liver metastases (vs. non-tumoral colorectal tissues) while expressed at normal levels in their primary tumors, reflecting either an increased genomic instability of metastatic cells or theiradaption to the liver microenvironment. Newly deregulated metastatic transcripts included overexpression of APOA1, HRG, UGT2B4, RBP4 and ADH4 mRNAS and the miR-3180-3p, miR-3197, miR-3178, miR-4793 and miR-4440 miRNAs, together with decreased expression of the IGKV1-39, IGKC, IGKV1-27, FABP4 and MYLK mRNAS and the miR-363, miR-1, miR-143, miR-27b and miR-28-5p miRNAs. Canonical pathways found to be specifically deregulated in liver metastatic samples included multiple genes related with intercellular adhesion and the metastatic processes (e.g., IGF1R, PIK3CA, PTEN and EGFR), endocytosis (e.g., the PDGFRA, SMAD2, ERBB3, PML and FGFR2), and the cell cycle (e.g., SMAD2, CCND2, E2F5 and MYC). Our results also highlighted the activation of genes associated with the TGFβ signaling pathway, -e.g. RHOA, SMAD2, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, BMPR1A, SMAD7 and MYC-, which thereby emerge as candidate genes to play an important role in CRC tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Sayagués
- Cytometry Service-NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, IBMCC-CSIC/USAL and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luís Antonio Corchete
- Cáncer Research Center and Service of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Laura Gutiérrez
- Cytometry Service-NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, IBMCC-CSIC/USAL and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Maria Eugenia Sarasquete
- Cáncer Research Center and Service of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Abad
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Bengoechea
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Encarna Fermiñán
- Genomics Unit, Cancer Research Center, IBMCC-CSIC/USAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Fernanda Anduaga
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sofia Del Carmen
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Iglesias
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmen Esteban
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Angoso
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Alcazar
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jacinto García
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Cytometry Service-NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, IBMCC-CSIC/USAL and IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luís Muñoz-Bellvis
- Service of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery and IBSAL, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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FcGBP was upregulated by HPV infection and correlated to longer survival time of HNSCC patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86503-86514. [PMID: 29156811 PMCID: PMC5689701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
FcGBP was normally found in intestinal and colonic epithelia, gallbladder, cystic duct, bronchus, submandibular gland, cervix uteri and in fluids secreted by these cells in humans, and was down-regulated during colon carcinogenesis. We found FcGBP gene expression was decreased in HNSCC tissues compared to surgical safety border tissues while TGF-β expression level increased in HNSCC tissues, and higher FcGBP expression level was correlated to longer OS time of HNSCC patients. FcGBP expression level was higher in HPV-positive HNSCC tissues compared to HPV-negative HNSCC tissues, while TGF-β expression level was lower in HPV-positive HNSCC tissues. Gene expression level of FcGBP and TGF-β was negatively correlated in HNSCC tissues. FcGBP expression level increased after HPV E6 overexpression in HPV-negative HNSCC cells, and TGF-β could inhibit the up-regulation of FcGBP after HPV E6 or FcGBP overexpression in HPV-negative HNSCC cells. The migration capability was inhibited after FcGBP overexpression, and TGF-β could counteract the inhibition of migration caused by FcGBP overexpression. FcGBP gene expression level was correlated to the expression levels of EMT markers. In conclusion, FCGBP expression was upregulated by HPV infection while inhibited by TGF-β, and was correlated to the prognosis of HNSCC patients.
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Pan Q, Lou X, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Li F, Shan Q, Chen X, Xie Y, Su S, Wei H, Lin L, Wu L, Liu S. Genomic variants in mouse model induced by azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate improperly mimic human colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:25. [PMID: 28154415 PMCID: PMC5453956 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse model induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is generally accepted as an ideal object to study on the carcinogenesis mechanisms of human colorectal cancer (CRC). The genomic responses to the AOM/DSS treatment in mouse that possibly lead to elucidation of CRC pathological mechanism are still poorly understood. For the first time, we investigated the cancer genome landscape of AOM/DSS mouse model by exome sequencing, to testify its molecular faithfulness to human CRC. Of 14 neoplastic samples, 7575 somatic variants were identified, which resulted in 2507 mutant genes and exhibited a large diversity in both colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumors even those tissues that were gained from the similar morphology or same treatment period. Cross-species comparison of the somatic variants demonstrated the totally different patterns of variable sites, mutant genes and perturbed pathways between mouse and human CRC. We therefore come to a conclusion that the tumorigenesis at genomic level in AOM/DSS model may not be properly comparable with that in human CRC, and the molecular mechanism elicited from this animal model should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qiang Shan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianwei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanfu Wei
- Beijing Protein Innovation, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Siqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, China Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
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Kawczyk-Krupka A, Latos W, Latos M, Czuba ZP, Sieroń A. ALA-induced photodynamic effect on viability, apoptosis and secretion of S100 protein, secreted by colon cancer cells in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:218-27. [PMID: 27469201 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100 protein is a proven prognostic factor in cancers. In colorectal cancers, its secretion correlates with clinical stage of the disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used as a supporting therapy in treatment of this particular cancer. The main aim of our study was to estimate the effect of photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) in sublethal doses (ALA-PDT) on the secretion of S100 protein by colon cancer cells. METHODS Investigations were performed on two colon cancer cell lines. The SW480 cell line is a culture containing locally malignant cancer. The SW620 line is characterized by high metastatic activity. Each line was exposed to different concentrations of photosensitizer's precursor-ALA, and various level of light radiation. Afterwards, cell viability, using MTT and LDH assays and apoptosis of both lines was assessed. Then measurement of S100 protein concentration was performed using a 2-step enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS After application of ALA PDT the S100 protein concentration was reduced by 27% in SW480 cell line and by 30% in SW620 cell line. At the same time there has been no increase in the concentration of S100 protein in cells exposed to the light alone. It was demonstrated that the more aggressive line SW620 releases higher levels of S100 proteins in comparison with the line SW480. CONCLUSION The outcome of this study presented beneficial effect of ALA-PDT on persistent colon cancer cells. This therapy leads to decrease of S100 protein concentration in both colon cancer cell lines: SW480 and SW620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Batorego 15, 41-902, Bytom, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Latos
- Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Specialist Hospital No 2 Batorego 15, 41-902, Bytom, Poland
| | - Magdalena Latos
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zenon P Czuba
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 19 Jordana St., 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksander Sieroń
- School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Batorego 15, 41-902, Bytom, Poland
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Sahebekhtiari N, Nielsen CB, Johannsen M, Palmfeldt J. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Reveals a Link between ETHE1-Mediated Disruptive Redox State and Altered Metabolic Regulation. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1630-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Sahebekhtiari
- Research
Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Camilla Bak Nielsen
- Section
for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mogens Johannsen
- Section
for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Johan Palmfeldt
- Research
Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Wang Y, Shan Q, Hou G, Zhang J, Bai J, Lv X, Xie Y, Zhu H, Su S, Li Y, Zi J, Lin L, Han W, Zhao X, Wang H, Xu N, Wu L, Lou X, Liu S. Discovery of potential colorectal cancer serum biomarkers through quantitative proteomics on the colonic tissue interstitial fluids from the AOM-DSS mouse model. J Proteomics 2015; 132:31-40. [PMID: 26581642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Quantitative proteomic analysis was performed using iTRAQ to discover colorectal cancer (CRC)-related proteins in tissue interstitial fluids (TIFs). A typical inflammation-related CRC mouse model was generated using azoxymethane-dextran sodium sulfate (AOM-DSS), and TIFs were collected from these mice in four stages during CRC development. Using stringent criteria, a total of 144 proteins displayed changes in their abundances during tumor growth, including 45 that consecutively increased, 17 that consecutively decreased and 82 that changed irregularly. Of these 144 proteins, 24 of the consecutively changed proteins were measured using MRM in individual TIF samples, and 18 were verified. Twelve proteins verified to be consecutively increased in TIFs were examined using MRM to evaluate changes in their abundance in individual mouse serum samples. The abundances of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), tubulin beta-5 chain (TUBB5) and immunoglobulin J chain (IGJ) were significantly higher in CRC mice than in control mice. Using clinical samples and MRM, we further verified that LRG1 and TUBB5 are potential CRC serum biomarkers. These data demonstrate that coupling dynamic TIF proteomics with targeted serum proteomics in an animal model is a promising avenue for pursuing the discovery of tumor serum biomarkers. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most dangerous diseases worldwide. However, few of CRC biomarkers possess satisfied specificity and sensitivity in clinical practices. Exploration of more CRC biomarkers, especially in serum, is an urgent and also a time-consuming campaign in the CRC study. Our study demonstrates that quantitatively evaluating the phase-dependent proteins in colonic tissue interstitial fluids from AOM-DSS mice is a feasible and effective way for exploration of the CRC-related proteins and the potential serum biomarkers. We identified two proteins, LRG1 and TUBB5, which may be practicable in human clinical samples as CRC serum biomarkers. To sum up, this study provides a novel angle to explore the critical factors in tumorigenesis and a new pipeline for potential serum biomarker discovery and verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Shan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guixue Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaolei Lv
- Beijing Protein Innovation, Beijing 101318, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huishan Zhu
- Beijing Protein Innovation, Beijing 101318, China
| | - Siyuan Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Protein Innovation, Beijing 101318, China
| | - Jin Zi
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Liang Lin
- Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China
| | - Wenxiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Siqi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Proteomics Division, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518083, China.
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9
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Lopez-Dee ZP, Chittur SV, Patel H, Chinikaylo A, Lippert B, Patel B, Lawler J, Gutierrez LS. Thrombospondin-1 in a Murine Model of Colorectal Carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139918. [PMID: 26461935 PMCID: PMC4603676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the late complications observed in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Carcinogenesis is promoted by persistent chronic inflammation occurring in IBD. Understanding the mechanisms involved is essential in order to ameliorate inflammation and prevent CRC. Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) is a multidomain glycoprotein with important roles in angiogenesis. The effects of TSP-1 in colonic tumor formation and growth were analyzed in a model of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis. WT and TSP-1 deficient mice (TSP-1-/-) of the C57BL/6 strain received a single injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and multiple cycles of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce chronic inflammation-related cancers. Proliferation and angiogenesis were histologically analyzed in tumors. The intestinal transcriptome was also analyzed using a gene microarray approach. When the area containing tumors was compared with the entire colonic area of each mouse, the tumor burden was decreased in AOM/DSS-treated TSP-1-/- versus wild type (WT) mice. However, these lesions displayed more angiogenesis and proliferation rates when compared with the WT tumors. AOM-DSS treatment of TSP-1-/- mice resulted in significant deregulation of genes involved in transcription, canonical Wnt signaling, transport, defense response, regulation of epithelial cell proliferation and metabolism. Microarray analyses of these tumors showed down-regulation of 18 microRNAs in TSP-1-/- tumors. These results contribute new insights on the controversial role of TSP-1 in cancer and offer a better understanding of the genetics and pathogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenaida P. Lopez-Dee
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sridar V. Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics, University of Albany, State University of New York, Renssaeler, New York, United States of America
| | - Hiral Patel
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aleona Chinikaylo
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brittany Lippert
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bhumi Patel
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jack Lawler
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Linda S. Gutierrez
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Schwartz JL. Fcgbp - A Potential Viral Trap in RV144. Open AIDS J 2014; 8:21-4. [PMID: 25246998 PMCID: PMC4166788 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601408010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Years of extensive research have yielded much knowledge in many aspects of HIV-1 infection, treatments, and education. However, without a vaccine, the number of people infected worldwide continues to grow. The partial success of the Thai RV144 vaccine trial provides hope that a method of protection is indeed possible. Understanding the mechanism behind the protection is critical if we hope to achieve our goal of inhibiting new infections of HIV-1. We hypothesize that the Fc of IgG binding protein (Fcgbp) is associated with the protection observed in the RV144 vaccine trial. It has the ability to trap viral-antibody complexes in the mucosa by binding the Fc of IgG to Fcgbp. This property could be used in the form of a microbicide containing antibodies to a variety of HIV-1 epitopes to prevent sexual transmission of HIV-1. The aim of this paper is to stimulate further research into Fcgbp and its role in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn L Schwartz
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0J9, Canada
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11
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Abstract
Inadequate dietary intake of the essential trace element selenium (Se) is thought to be a risk factor for several chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Biological actions of Se occur through low-molecular weight metabolites and through selenoproteins. Several key selenoproteins including glutathione peroxidases; selenoproteins M, P, and S; and selenium-binding protein 1 have been detected in the intestine. Interestingly, Se and antioxidant selenoproteins are known to modulate differentiation and function of immune cells and contribute to avoid excessive immune responses. This review discusses the role of Se and intestinal selenoproteins in inflammatory bowel diseases, based on data from human, animal, and in vitro studies. In humans, Se deficiency is commonly observed in patients with Crohn's disease. In animal models of experimental colitis, the Se status was negatively correlated with the severity of the disease. While the cause-effect relationship of these observations remains to be clarified, the beneficial outcome of dietary Se supplementation and an optimization of selenoprotein biosynthesis in murine inflammatory bowel disease models have led to investigations of targets and actions of Se in the gastrointestinal tract. The Se status affects gene expression, signaling pathways, and cellular functions in the small and large intestine as well as the gut microbiome composition. This data, particularly from animal experiments, hold promise that adequate dietary Se supply may counteract chronic intestinal inflammation in humans.
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12
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Stamp LA, Braxton DR, Wu J, Akopian V, Hasegawa K, Chandrasoma PT, Hawes SM, McLean C, Petrovic LM, Wang K, Pera MF. The GCTM-5 epitope associated with the mucin-like glycoprotein FCGBP marks progenitor cells in tissues of endodermal origin. Stem Cells 2013; 30:1999-2009. [PMID: 22761039 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies against cell surface markers are powerful tools in the study of tissue regeneration, repair, and neoplasia, but there is a paucity of specific reagents to identify stem and progenitor cells in tissues of endodermal origin. The epitope defined by the GCTM-5 monoclonal antibody is a putative marker of hepatic progenitors. We sought to analyze further the distribution of the GCTM-5 antigen in normal tissues and disease states and to characterize the antigen biochemically. The GCTM-5 epitope was specifically expressed on tissues derived from the definitive endoderm, in particular the fetal gut, liver, and pancreas. Antibody reactivity was detected in subpopulations of normal adult biliary and pancreatic duct cells, and GCTM-5-positive cells isolated from the nonparenchymal fraction of adult liver expressed markers of progenitor cells. The GCTM-5-positive cell populations in liver and pancreas expanded greatly in numbers in disease states such as biliary atresia, cirrhosis, and pancreatitis. Neoplasms arising in these tissues also expressed the GCTM-5 antigen, with pancreatic adenocarcinoma in particular showing strong and consistent reactivity. The GCTM-5 epitope was also strongly displayed on cells undergoing intestinal metaplasia in Barrett's esophagus, a precursor to esophageal carcinoma. Biochemical, mass spectrometry, and immunochemical studies revealed that the GCTM-5 epitope is associated with the mucin-like glycoprotein FCGBP. The GCTM-5 epitope on the mucin-like glycoprotein FCGBP is a cell surface marker for the study of normal differentiation lineages, regeneration, and disease progression in tissues of endodermal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincon A Stamp
- Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Barrett CW, Ning W, Chen X, Smith JJ, Washington MK, Hill KE, Coburn LA, Peek RM, Chaturvedi R, Wilson KT, Burk RF, Williams CS. Tumor suppressor function of the plasma glutathione peroxidase gpx3 in colitis-associated carcinoma. Cancer Res 2012; 73:1245-55. [PMID: 23221387 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The glutathione peroxidases, a family of selenocysteine-containing redox enzymes, play pivotal roles in balancing the signaling, immunomodulatory, and deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The glutathione peroxidase GPX3 is the only extracellular member of this family, suggesting it may defend cells against ROS in the extracellular environment. Notably, GPX3 hypermethylation and underexpression occur commonly in prostate, gastric, cervical, thyroid, and colon cancers. We took a reverse genetics approach to investigate whether GPX3 would augment inflammatory colonic tumorigenesis, a process characterized by oxidative stress and inflammation, comparing Gpx3(-/-) mice in an established two-stage model of inflammatory colon carcinogenesis. Gpx3-deficient mice exhibited an increased tumor number, though not size, along with a higher degree of dysplasia. In addition, they exhibited increased inflammation with redistribution toward protumorigenic M2 macrophage subsets, increased proliferation, hyperactive WNT signaling, and increased DNA damage. To determine the impact of acute gene loss in an established colon cancer line, we silenced GPX3 in human Caco2 cells, resulting in increased ROS production, DNA damage and apoptosis in response to oxidative stress, combined with decreased contact-independent growth. Taken together, our results suggested an immunomodulatory role for GPX3 that limits the development of colitis-associated carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn W Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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14
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Steegenga WT, de Wit NJ, Boekschoten MV, Ijssennagger N, Lute C, Keshtkar S, Bromhaar MMG, Kampman E, de Groot LC, Muller M. Structural, functional and molecular analysis of the effects of aging in the small intestine and colon of C57BL/6J mice. BMC Med Genomics 2012; 5:38. [PMID: 22929163 PMCID: PMC3534289 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8794-5-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By regulating digestion and absorption of nutrients and providing a barrier against the external environment the intestine provides a crucial contribution to the maintenance of health. To what extent aging-related changes in the intestinal system contribute to the functional decline associated with aging is still under debate. METHODS Young (4 M) and old (21 M) male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control low-fat (10E%) or a high-fat diet (45E%) for 2 weeks. During the intervention gross energy intake and energy excretion in the feces were measured. After sacrifice the small and large intestine were isolated and the small intestine was divided in three equal parts. Swiss rolls were prepared of each of the isolated segments for histological analysis and the luminal content was isolated to examine alterations in the microflora with 16S rRNA Q-PCR. Furthermore, mucosal scrapings were isolated from each segment to determine differential gene expression by microarray analysis and global DNA methylation by pyrosequencing. RESULTS Digestible energy intake was similar between the two age groups on both the control and the high-fat diet. Microarray analysis on RNA from intestinal scrapings showed no marked changes in expression of genes involved in metabolic processes. Decreased expression of Cubilin was observed in the intestine of 21-month-old mice, which might contribute to aging-induced vitamin B12 deficiency. Furthermore, microarray data analysis revealed enhanced expression of a large number of genes involved in immune response and inflammation in the colon, but not in the small intestine of the 21-month-old mice. Aging-induced global hypomethylation was observed in the colon and the distal part of the small intestine, but not in the first two sections of the small intestine. CONCLUSION In 21-month old mice the most pronounced effects of aging were observed in the colon, whereas very few changes were observed in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilma T Steegenga
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Tanaka T. Preclinical cancer chemoprevention studies using animal model of inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2012; 4:673-700. [PMID: 24213461 PMCID: PMC3712717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers4030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in all stages of carcinogenesis. Inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease is a longstanding inflammatory disease of intestine with increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Several molecular events involved in chronic inflammatory process are reported to contribute to multi-step carcinogenesis of CRC in the inflamed colon. They include over-production of free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, up-regulation of inflammatory enzymes in arachidonic acid biosynthesis pathway, up-regulation of certain cytokines, and intestinal immune system dysfunction. In this article, firstly I briefly introduce our experimental animal models where colorectal neoplasms rapidly develop in the inflamed colorectum. Secondary, data on preclinical cancer chemoprevention studies of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis by morin, bezafibrate, and valproic acid, using this novel inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis model is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Tanaka
- Cytopatholgy Division, Tohkai Cytopathology Institute, Cancer Research and Prevention (TCI-CaRP), 5-1-2 Minami-uzura, Gifu 500-8285, Japan.
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16
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Lopez-Dee ZP, Chittur SV, Patel B, Stanton R, Wakeley M, Lippert B, Menaker A, Eiche B, Terry R, Gutierrez LS. Thrombospondin-1 type 1 repeats in a model of inflammatory bowel disease: transcript profile and therapeutic effects. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34590. [PMID: 22509329 PMCID: PMC3318003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a matricellular protein with regulatory functions in inflammation and cancer. The type 1 repeats (TSR) domains of TSP-1 have been shown to interact with a wide range of proteins that result in the anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties of TSP-1. To ascertain possible functions and evaluate potential therapeutic effects of TSRs in inflammatory bowel disease, we conducted clinical, histological and microarray analyses on a mouse model of induced colitis. We used dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce colitis in wild-type (WT) mice for 7 days. Simultaneously, mice were injected with either saline or one form of TSP-1 derived recombinant proteins, containing either (1) the three type 1 repeats of the TSP-1 (3TSR), (2) the second type 1 repeat (TSR2), or (3) TSR2 with the RFK sequence (TSR2+RFK). Total RNA isolated from the mice colons were processed and hybridized to mouse arrays. Array data were validated by real-time qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Histological and disease indices reveal that the mice treated with the TSRs show different patterns of leukocytic infiltration and that 3TSR treatment was the most effective in decreasing inflammation in DSS-induced colitis. Transcriptional profiling revealed differentially expressed (DE) genes, with the 3TSR-treated mice showing the least deviation from the WT-water controls. In conclusion, this study shows that 3TSR treatment is effective in attenuating the inflammatory response to DSS injury. In addition, the transcriptomics work unveils novel genetic data that suggest beneficial application of the TSR domains in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenaida P. Lopez-Dee
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sridar V. Chittur
- Center for Functional Genomics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York, United States of America
| | - Bhumi Patel
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Stanton
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michelle Wakeley
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brittany Lippert
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Anastasya Menaker
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bethany Eiche
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Robert Terry
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Linda S. Gutierrez
- Department of Biology, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Development of an inflammation-associated colorectal cancer model and its application for research on carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. Int J Inflam 2012; 2012:658786. [PMID: 22518340 PMCID: PMC3299397 DOI: 10.1155/2012/658786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a well-recognized risk factor for development of human cancer in several tissues, including large bowel. Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a longstanding inflammatory disease of intestine with increased risk for colorectal cancer development. Several molecular events involved in chronic inflammatory process may contribute to multistep carcinogenesis of human colorectal cancer in the inflamed colon. They include overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, overproduction and upregulation of productions and enzymes of arachidonic acid biosynthesis pathway and cytokines, and intestinal immune system dysfunction. In this paper, I will describe several methods to induce colorectal neoplasm in the inflamed colon. First, I will introduce a protocol of a novel inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis in mice. In addition, powerful tumor-promotion/progression activity of dextran sodium sulfate in the large bowel of ApcMin/+ mice will be described. Finally, chemoprevention of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis will be mentioned.
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Muinelo-Romay L, Villar-Portela S, Cuevas E, Gil-Martín E, Fernández-Briera A. Identification of α(1,6)fucosylated proteins differentially expressed in human colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:508. [PMID: 22152070 PMCID: PMC3297542 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muinelo-Romay
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende S/N, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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19
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Cancer chemoprevention by citrus pulp and juices containing high amounts of β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2012:516981. [PMID: 22174562 PMCID: PMC3228311 DOI: 10.1155/2012/516981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Cryptoxanthin, a carotenoid, and hesperidin, a flavonoid, possess inhibitory effects on carcinogenesis in several tissues. We recently have prepared a pulp (CHRP) and citrus juices (MJ2 and MJ5) from a satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Mar.) juice (MJ). They contain high amounts of β-cryptoxanthin and hesperidin. We have demonstrated that CHRP and/or MJs inhibit chemically induced rat colon, rat tongue, and mouse lung tumorigenesis. Gavage with CHRP resulted in an increase of activities of detoxifying enzymes in the liver, colon, and tongue rats'. CHRP and MJs were also able to suppress the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory enzymes in the target tissues. This paper describes the findings of our in vivo preclinical experiments to develop a strategy for cancer chemoprevention of colon, tongue, and lung neoplasms by use of CHRP and MJs.
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Zhang J, Song MQ, Zhu JS, Zhou Z, Xu ZP, Chen WX, Chen NW. Identification of Differentially-Expressed Proteins between Early Submucosal Non-Invasive and Invasive Colorectal Cancer Using 2D-DIGE and Mass Spectrometry. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 24:849-59. [PMID: 22230392 DOI: 10.1177/039463201102400404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) are closely related to a better therapeutic outcome, and the five-year survival rate of early CRC is over 90%. Though endoscopic minimally invasive treatment has become a quick and effective therapy for early CRC, endoscopic biopsies are usually not deep enough to obtain tissues from the submucosal layer and it is difficult to determine whether early CRC has infiltrated into the submucosa. Therefore, in the present study, we constructed tumor models of early submucosal non-invasive CRC (SNICRC) and submucosal invasive CRC (SICRC) in Fischer-344 rats induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The differentially-expressed proteins were analyzed and identified in SNICRC, SICRC and normal control (NC) tissues using highly sensitive two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). Proteomic data revealed 132 protein spots between SNICRC and SICRC, 162 protein spots between SICRC and NC and 154 protein spots between SNICRC and NC which were found differentially expressed. These differential spots were picked, in-gel digested and peptide mass fingerprints were obtained by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Finally, five differentially-expressed proteins in SNICRC, SICRC and NC were identified, and increases in Transgelin, peptidylprolyl isomerase A (PPIA) and tropomyosin alpha isoform d were observed, while decreases in carbonic anhydrase 2 (CAII) and an unnamed protein were detected in SICRC compared with SNICRC and NC. Furthermore, Fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays also revealed significant upregulation of Transgelin expression and down-regulation of CAII expression in SICRC tissues. In conclusion, 2D-DIGE is confirmed to be an efficient strategy that enables us to identify differentially-expressed proteins between early SNICRC and SICRC. The potential biomarkers such as Transgelin and CAII may be used for the detection of early SICRC
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Okada H, Naito Y, Takagi T, Takaoka M, Oya-Ito T, Fukumoto K, Uchiyama K, Handa O, Kokura S, Nagano Y, Matsui H, Kato Y, Osawa T, Yoshikawa T. Detection of N-(hexanoyl)lysine in the tropomyosin 1 protein in N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced rat gastric cancer cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 50:47-52. [PMID: 22247600 PMCID: PMC3246182 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nε-(Hexanoyl)lysine, formed by the reaction of lysine with n-6 lipid hydroperoxide, is a lipid peroxidation marker during the initial stage of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study is to indentify Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine-modified proteins in neoplastic transformed gastric mucosal cells by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, and to compare the levels of these proteins between gastric mucosal cells and normal gastric cells. Much greater fluorescence of 2-[6-(4'-hydroxy)phenoxyl-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-yl]benzoic acid, an index of the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, was observed for gastric mucosal cells compared to normal gastric cells. Nε-(Hexanoyl)lysine-modified proteins were detected by SDS-PAGE or two-dimensional electrophoresis and Western blotting using anti-Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine polyclonal antibody, and a protein band of between 30–40 kDa was clearly increased in gastric mucosal cells compared to normal gastric cells. Two Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine-modified protein spots in gastric mucosal cells were identified as the tropomyosin 1 protein by mass spectrometry using a MASCOT search. The existence of Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine modification in tropomyosin 1 was confirmed by Western blotting of SDS-PAGE-separated or two-dimensional electrophoresis-separated proteins as well as by the immunoprecipitation with anti-tropomyosin 1 antibody. These data indicate that Nε-(hexanoyl)lysine modification of tropomyosin 1 may be related to neoplastic transformation by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Okada
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
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Bondzio A, Gabler C, Badewien-Rentzsch B, Schulze P, Martens H, Einspanier R. Identification of differentially expressed proteins in ruminal epithelium in response to a concentrate-supplemented diet. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2011; 301:G260-8. [PMID: 21566014 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00304.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ruminal epithelium adapts to dietary change with well-coordinated alterations in metabolism, proliferation, and permeability. To further understand the molecular events controlling diet effects, the aim of this study was to evaluate protein expression patterns of ruminal epithelium in response to various feeding regimes. Sheep were fed with a concentrate-supplemented diet for up to 6 wk. The control group received hay only. Proteome analysis with differential in gel electrophoresis technology revealed that, after 2 days, 60 proteins were significantly modulated in ruminal epithelium in a comparison between hay-fed and concentrate-fed sheep (P < 0.05). Forty proteins were upregulated and 20 proteins were downregulated in response to concentrate diet. After 6 wk of this diet, only 14 proteins were differentially expressed. Among these, 11 proteins were upregulated and 3 downregulated. To identify proteins that were modulated by dietary change, two-dimensional electrophoresis was coupled with liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The differential expression of selected proteins, such as esterase D, annexin 5, peroxiredoxin 6, carbonic anhydrase I, and actin-related protein 3, was verified by immunoblotting and/or mRNA analysis. The identified proteins were mainly associated with functions related to cellular stress, metabolism, and differentiation. These results suggest new candidate proteins that may contribute to a better understanding of the signaling pathways and mechanisms that mediate rumen epithelial adaptation to high-concentrate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Bondzio
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Winter N, Nimzyk R, Bösche C, Meyer A, Bullerdiek J. Chromatin immunoprecipitation to analyze DNA binding sites of HMGA2. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18837. [PMID: 21533145 PMCID: PMC3077414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HMGA2 is an architectonic transcription factor abundantly expressed during embryonic and fetal development and it is associated with the progression of malignant tumors. The protein harbours three basically charged DNA binding domains and an acidic protein binding C-terminal domain. DNA binding induces changes of DNA conformation and hence results in global overall change of gene expression patterns. Recently, using a PCR-based SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment) procedure two consensus sequences for HMGA2 binding have been identified. Methodology/Principal Findings In this investigation chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments and bioinformatic methods were used to analyze if these binding sequences can be verified on chromatin of living cells as well. Conclusion After quantification of HMGA2 protein in different cell lines the colon cancer derived cell line HCT116 was chosen for further ChIP experiments because of its 3.4-fold higher HMGA2 protein level. 49 DNA fragments were obtained by ChIP. These fragments containing HMGA2 binding sites have been analyzed for their AT-content, location in the human genome and similarities to sequences generated by a SELEX study. The sequences show a significantly higher AT-content than the average of the human genome. The artificially generated SELEX sequences and short BLAST alignments (11 and 12 bp) of the ChIP fragments from living cells show similarities in their organization. The flanking regions are AT-rich, whereas a lower conservation is present in the center of the sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Winter
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rolf Nimzyk
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Carolin Bösche
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Anke Meyer
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörn Bullerdiek
- Centre for Human Genetics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Clinic for Small Animals and Research Cluster REBIRTH, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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De Robertis M, Massi E, Poeta ML, Carotti S, Morini S, Cecchetelli L, Signori E, Fazio VM. The AOM/DSS murine model for the study of colon carcinogenesis: From pathways to diagnosis and therapy studies. J Carcinog 2011; 10:9. [PMID: 21483655 PMCID: PMC3072657 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.78279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem in industrialized countries. Although inflammation-linked carcinogenesis is a well accepted concept and is often observed within the gastrointestinal tract, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Inflammation can indeed provide initiating and promoting stimuli and mediators, generating a tumour-prone microenvironment. Many murine models of sporadic and inflammation-related colon carcinogenesis have been developed in the last decade, including chemically induced CRC models, genetically engineered mouse models, and xenoplants. Among the chemically induced CRC models, the combination of a single hit of azoxymethane (AOM) with 1 week exposure to the inflammatory agent dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in rodents has proven to dramatically shorten the latency time for induction of CRC and to rapidly recapitulate the aberrant crypt foci–adenoma–carcinoma sequence that occurs in human CRC. Because of its high reproducibility and potency, as well as the simple and affordable mode of application, the AOM/DSS has become an outstanding model for studying colon carcinogenesis and a powerful platform for chemopreventive intervention studies. In this article we highlight the histopathological and molecular features and describe the principal genetic and epigenetic alterations and inflammatory pathways involved in carcinogenesis in AOM/DSS–treated mice; we also present a general overview of recent experimental applications and preclinical testing of novel therapeutics in the AOM/DSS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela De Robertis
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, CIR, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21 - 00128 Rome, Italy
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25
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Sung MK, Bae YJ. Linking obesity to colorectal cancer: application of nutrigenomics. Biotechnol J 2010; 5:930-41. [PMID: 20715079 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diet is one of the most affective environmental factors in cancer development. Due to complicated nature of the diet, it has been very difficult to provide clear explanations for the role of dietary components in carcinogenesis. However, as high-throughput omics techniques became available, researchers are now able to analyze large sets of gene transcripts, proteins, and metabolites to identify molecules involved in disease development. Bioinformatics uses these data to perform network analyses and suggest possible interactions between metabolic processes and environmental factors. Obesity is known as one of the most closely related risk factors of colorectal cancer (CRC). Metabolic disturbances due to a positive energy balance may trigger and accelerate CRC development. In this review, we have summarized reports on genes, proteins and metabolites that are related to either obesity or CRC, and suggested candidate molecules linking obesity and CRC based on currently available literature. Possible application of bioinformatics for a large scale network analysis in studying cause-effect relationship between dietary components and CRC are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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26
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Albert TK, Laubinger W, Müller S, Hanisch FG, Kalinski T, Meyer F, Hoffmann W. Human intestinal TFF3 forms disulfide-linked heteromers with the mucus-associated FCGBP protein and is released by hydrogen sulfide. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:3108-17. [PMID: 20423149 DOI: 10.1021/pr100020c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TFF3 is a secretory peptide belonging to the trefoil factor family with a predicted size of 59 amino acid residues containing seven cysteine residues. It is predominantly expressed in intestinal goblet cells where it plays a key role in mucosal regeneration and repair processes. In the course of these studies, human colonic TFF3 was shown to exist mainly as a high molecular weight heteromer. Purification of this heteromer and characterization by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified the IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP) as the disulfide-linked partner protein of TFF3. FCGBP is a constituent of intestinal mucus secreted by goblet cells. Furthermore, low amounts of TFF3/monomer and only little TFF3/dimer were detected in human colonic extracts. Here, we show that these TFF3 forms can be released from the purified TFF3-FCGBP heteromer complex in vitro by reduction with hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S). Such a mechanism would be in line with the high H(2)S concentrations reported to occur in the lumen of the colon. Of special note, this points to intestinal mucus as a reservoir for a biologically active peptide. Also proteolytic processing of FCGBP was observed which is in line with multiple autocatalytic cleavages as proposed earlier by Johansson et al. (J. Proteome Res. 2009 , 8 , 3549 - 3557).
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo K Albert
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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27
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Proteomics of colorectal cancer: Overview of discovery studies and identification of commonly identified cancer-associated proteins and candidate CRC serum markers. J Proteomics 2010; 73:1873-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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28
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Bukurova YA, Khankin SL, Krasnov GS, Grigor’eva ES, Mashkova TD, Lisitsyn NA, Karpov VL, Beresten’ SF. Estimation of the efficiency of 2D analysis and bioinformatics search in identification of protein markers for colon tumors. Mol Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893310020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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29
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Chromik AM, Huss S, Osseili H, Daigeler A, Kersting S, Sülberg D, Mittelkötter U, Herdegen T, Uhl W, Müller AM. Oral administration of the anti-proliferative substance taurolidine has no impact on dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis in mice. J Carcinog 2010; 9:5. [PMID: 20442801 PMCID: PMC2862504 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.62536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: New chemopreventive strategies for ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated dysplasia and cancer have to be evaluated. Taurolidine (TRD) has anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-neoplastic properties with almost absent toxicity. The aim of the study was to determine whether TRD decreases dysplasia in the well-characterized Dextran Sulfate Sodium – Azoxymethane (DSS-AOM) animal model for UC-associated carcinogenesis. Material and Methods: The DSS-AOM model of carcinogenesis was induced in female inbred C57BL/6 mice. Half of the mice were treated with TRD, the other served as control. After 100 days macroscopic, histological and immunhistochemical (β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, SOX9, Ki-67, Cyclin-D1) examination of the colon was performed. Results: Incidence, multiplicity, grading and growth pattern of adenomas did not differ significantly between TRD and control group. In all animals, inflammatory changes were absent. Immunhistochemistry revealed increased expression of Ki-67, β-catenin, SOX9 and Cyclin-D1 in adenomas compared to normal mucosa – without significant difference between TRD and control treatment. Conclusion: Oral administration of TRD has no impact on DSS-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis. However, SOX9 and Cyclin-D1 representing key members of the Wnt pathway have not yet been described in the DSS-AOM model of carcinogenesis – underlining the importance of this oncogenic pathway in this setting.
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Gao LL, Sun ZQ. Application of proteomics in colorectal cancer research. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2009; 17:3431-3436. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v17.i33.3431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Its morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year. The emergence of proteomics has pushed colorectal cancer research forward. In this article, we will review the application of proteomics in the study of the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of colorectal cancer.
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