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Yamauchi Y, Cooper PR, Shimizu E, Kobayashi Y, Smith AJ, Duncan HF. Histone Acetylation as a Regenerative Target in the Dentine-Pulp Complex. Front Genet 2020; 11:1. [PMID: 32117431 PMCID: PMC7016267 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
If dental caries (or tooth decay) progresses without intervention, the infection will advance through the dentine leading to severe pulpal inflammation (irreversible pulpitis) and pulp death. The current management of irreversible pulpits is generally root-canal-treatment (RCT), a destructive, expensive, and often unnecessary procedure, as removal of the injurious stimulus alone creates an environment in which pulp regeneration may be possible. Current dental-restorative-materials stimulate repair non-specifically and have practical limitations; as a result, opportunities exist for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to regenerate the damaged dentine-pulp complex. Recently, epigenetic modification of DNA-associated histone ‘tails’ has been demonstrated to regulate the self-renewal and differentiation potential of dental-stem-cell (DSC) populations central to regenerative endodontic treatments. As a result, the activities of histone deacetylases (HDAC) are being recognised as important regulators of mineralisation in both tooth development and dental-pulp-repair processes, with HDAC-inhibition (HDACi) promoting pulp cell mineralisation in vitro and in vivo. Low concentration HDACi-application can promote de-differentiation of DSC populations and conversely, increase differentiation and accelerate mineralisation in DSC populations. Therapeutically, various HDACi solutions can release bioactive dentine-matrix-components (DMCs) from the tooth’s extracellular matrix; solubilised DMCs are rich in growth factors and can stimulate regenerative processes such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and mineralisation. The aim of this mini-review is to discuss the role of histone-acetylation in the regulation of DSC populations, while highlighting the importance of HDAC in tooth development and dental pulp regenerative-mineralisation processes, before considering the potential therapeutic application of HDACi in targeted biomaterials to the damaged pulp to stimulate regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Yamauchi
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Roy Cooper
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Oral Biology Department, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Yoshifumi Kobayashi
- Oral Biology Department, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Anthony J Smith
- Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Fergus Duncan
- Division of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Wu L, Zeng S, Cao Y, Huang Z, Liu S, Peng H, Zhi C, Ma S, Hu K, Yuan Z. Inhibition of HDAC4 Attenuated JNK/c-Jun-Dependent Neuronal Apoptosis and Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Transcriptionally Suppressing MKK7. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:468. [PMID: 31708743 PMCID: PMC6823346 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun cascade-dependent neuronal apoptosis has been identified as a central element for early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still thoroughly undefined to date. In this study, we found that pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition by TSA, SAHA, VPA, and M344 led to a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun, concomitant with a significant abrogation of apoptosis caused by potassium deprivation in cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Further investigation showed that these effects resulted from HDAC inhibition-induced transcriptional suppression of MKK7, a well-known upstream kinase of JNK. Using small interference RNAs (siRNAs) to silence the respective HDAC members, HDAC4 was screened to be required for MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activation. LMK235, a specific HDAC4 inhibitor, dose-dependently suppressed MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activity. Functionally, HDAC4 inhibition via knockdown or LMK235 significantly rescued CGN apoptosis induced by potassium deprivation. Moreover, administration of LMK235 remarkably ameliorated the EBI process in SAH rats, associated with an obvious reduction in MKK7 transcription, JNK/c-Jun activity, and neuronal apoptosis. Collectively, the findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis regarding HDAC4 in the selective regulation of MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activity. HDAC4 inhibition could be a potential alternative to prevent MKK7/JNK/c-Jun axis-mediated nervous disorders, including SAH-caused EBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulian Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaidong Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
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Yannai S, Zonszain J, Donyo M, Ast G. Combinatorial treatment increases IKAP levels in human cells generated from Familial Dysautonomia patients. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211602. [PMID: 30889183 PMCID: PMC6424424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial Dysautonomia (FD) is an autosomal recessive congenital neuropathy that results from a point mutation at the 5' splice site of intron 20 in the IKBKAP gene. This mutation decreases production of the IKAP protein, and treatments that increase the level of the full-length IKBKAP transcript are likely to be of therapeutic value. We previously found that phosphatidylserine (PS), an FDA-approved food supplement, elevates IKAP levels in cells generated from FD patients. Here we demonstrate that combined treatment of cells generated from FD patients with PS and kinetin or PS and the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in an additive elevation of IKAP compared to each drug alone. This indicates that the compounds influence different pathways. We also found that pridopidine enhances production of IKAP in cells generated from FD patients. Pridopidine has an additive effect on IKAP levels when used in combination with kinetin or TSA, but not with PS; suggesting that PS and pridopidine influence IKBKAP levels through the same mechanism. Indeed, we demonstrate that the effect of PS and pridopidine is through sigma-1 receptor-mediated activation of the BDNF signaling pathway. A combination treatment with any of these drugs with different mechanisms has potential to benefit FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivan Yannai
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemestry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Jonathan Zonszain
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemestry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Maya Donyo
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemestry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Gil Ast
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemestry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
- * E-mail:
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