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Zhu R, Kang Y, Li Q, Peng K, Shi X, Yin Z, Xuan Y. Alpha-tocopherol inhibits ferroptosis and promotes neural function recovery in rats with spinal cord injury via downregulating Alox15. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116734. [PMID: 38754264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a type of central nervous system (CNS) injury in which ferroptosis is becoming a promising target for treatment. Alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E, Vit E) is a compound with anti-ferroptosis activity. The mechanism of alpha-tocopherol in regulating ferroptosis after SCI has not been deeply studied. In this study, rats with SCI were treated by Alpha-tocopherol based on bioinformatic analysis and molecular docking prediction. Behavioral tests and histological findings showed that Alpha-tocopherol promoted neural function recovery and tissue repairment in rats with SCI. Subsequently, regulatory effects of Alpha-tocopherol on Alox15 and ferroptosis were detected and then localized by immunofluorescence. In vitro, alpha-tocopherol improved the ROS accumulation, iron overload, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction. The effects of Alpha-tocopherol on the expression of Alox15, Ptgs2 and 4Hne were validated in vitro. Finally, the inhibitory effects of Alpha-tocopherol on Alox15 and ferroptosis were weakened by the mutation of 87th residue of Alox15. In summary, alpha-tocopherol could alleviate SCI-induced ferroptosis by downregulating Alox15 to promote neural function recovery in rats with SCI. Findings in this study could help further our understanding on SCI-induced ferroptosis and provide a novel insight for treating SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Orthopedics, Hefei Orthopedics Hospital, 58 Chaohu Northern Road, Hefei 238001, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Qiangwei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kai Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xuanming Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Yong Xuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, 246 Heping Road, Hefei 230011, China.
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Wang Y, Lu J, Xiao H, Ding L, He Y, Chang C, Wang W. Mechanism of Valeriana Jatamansi Jones for the treatment of spinal cord injury based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36434. [PMID: 38115366 PMCID: PMC10727557 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by high rates of disability and death. Valeriana jatamansi Jones (VJJ), a Chinese herbal medicine, has been identified to improve motor function recovery in rats with SCI. The study aimed to analyze the potential molecular mechanisms of action of VJJ in the treatment of SCI. The main ingredients of VJJ were obtained from the literature and the SwissADME platform was used to screen the active ingredients. The Swiss TargetPrediction platform was used to predict the targets of VJJ, and the targets of SCI were obtained from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. The intersecting genes were considered potential targets of VJJ in SCI. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the STRING database and the hub genes of VJJ for SCI treatment were screened according to their degree values. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database. Cytoscape software was used to construct the "herb-ingredient-target-pathway" network. Preliminary validation was performed using molecular docking via Auto Dock Vina software. A total of 56 active ingredients of VJJ, mainly iridoids, were identified. There were 1493 GO items (P < .01) and 173 signaling pathways (P < .01) obtained from GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment, including the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, and tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway. Molecular docking revealed that 12 hub genes enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway had a high binding affinity for the active ingredient of VJJ. VJJ may exert its therapeutic effects on SCI through the iridoid fraction, acting on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, CASP3, AKT1, tumor necrosis factor, mammalian target of rapamycin, interleukin 6, and other hub genes, which may be related to the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Wang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Ding
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongzhi He
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Cong Chang
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenchun Wang
- The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Medical Transformation Center of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hu Z, Xuan L, Wu T, Jiang N, Liu X, Chang J, Wang T, Han N, Tian X. Taxifolin attenuates neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway after spinal cord injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109616. [PMID: 36700780 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe injury characterized by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Taxifolin is exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities in neurologic diseases. However, the roles and mechanisms of taxifolin in neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis after SCI remain unclear. The present study aims to investigate the effect of taxifolin on SCI and its potential underlying mechanisms in in vivo and in vitro models. In this study, taxifolin markedly reduced microglial activation mediated oxidative stress, and inhibited the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3, GSDMD, ASC, and Caspase-1) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) after SCI, as shown by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assays. In addition, taxifolin promoted axonal regeneration and improved functional recovery after SCI. In vitro studies showed that taxifolin attenuated the activation of microglia and oxidative stress after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) stimulation in BV2 cells. We also observed that taxifolin inhibited the pyroptosis-related proteins and reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, to explore how taxifolin exerts its effects on microglial pyroptosis and axonal regeneration of neurons, we performed an in vitro study in BV-2 cells and PC12 cells co-culture. The results revealed that taxifolin facilitated axonal regeneration of PC12 cells in co-culture with LPS + ATP-induced BV-2 cells. Mechanistically, taxifolin regulated microglial pyroptosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that taxifolin alleviates neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway after SCI, and promotes axonal regeneration and improves functional recovery, suggesting that taxifolin may represent a potential therapeutic agent for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Lina Xuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- The First Clinical Medical Colloge, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Nizhou Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xiangjun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Jiazhen Chang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Te Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325088, China
| | - Nan Han
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Xiliang Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
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Wiklund L, Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Zhang Z, Li C, Tian ZR, Buzoianu AD, Lafuente JV, Nozari A, Feng L, Sharma HS. TiO 2-Nanowired Delivery of Chinese Extract of Ginkgo biloba EGb-761 and Bilobalide BN-52021 Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Cerebrolysin Following Spinal Cord Injury at Cold Environment. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 32:353-384. [PMID: 37480466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32997-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Military personnel during combat or peacekeeping operations are exposed to extreme climates of hot or cold environments for longer durations. Spinal cord injury is quite common in military personnel following central nervous system (CNS) trauma indicating a possibility of altered pathophysiological responses at different ambient temperatures. Our previous studies show that the pathophysiology of brain injury is exacerbated in animals acclimated to cold (5 °C) or hot (30 °C) environments. In these diverse ambient temperature zones, trauma exacerbated oxidative stress generation inducing greater blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cell damage. Extracts of Ginkgo biloba EGb-761 and BN-52021 treatment reduces brain pathology following heat stress. This effect is further improved following TiO2 nanowired delivery in heat stress in animal models. Several studies indicate the role of EGb-761 in attenuating spinal cord induced neuronal damages and improved functional deficit. This is quite likely that these effects are further improved following nanowired delivery of EGb-761 and BN-52021 with cerebrolysin-a balanced composition of several neurotrophic factors and peptide fragments in spinal cord trauma. In this review, TiO2 nanowired delivery of EGb-761 and BN-52021 with nanowired cerebrolysin is examined in a rat model of spinal cord injury at cold environment. Our results show that spinal cord injury aggravates cord pathology in cold-acclimated rats and nanowired delivery of EGb-761 and BN-52021 with cerebrolysin significantly induced superior neuroprotection, not reported earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Wiklund
- Department of Surgical Sciences, International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aruna Sharma
- Department of Surgical Sciences, International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Yuexiu District, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Yuexiu District, China
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- Department of Surgical Sciences, International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Huang Z, Wang J, Li C, Zheng W, He J, Wu Z, Tang J. Application of natural antioxidants from traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976757. [PMID: 36278149 PMCID: PMC9579378 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating central nervous system disease, caused by physical traumas. With the characteristic of high disability rate, catastrophic dysfunction, and enormous burden on the patient’s family, SCI has become a tough neurological problem without efficient treatments. Contemporarily, the pathophysiology of SCI comprises complicated and underlying mechanisms, in which oxidative stress (OS) may play a critical role in contributing to a cascade of secondary injuries. OS substantively leads to ion imbalance, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cell infiltration, mitochondrial disorder, and neuronal dysfunction. Hence, seeking the therapeutic intervention of alleviating OS and appropriate antioxidants is an essential clinical strategy. Previous studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and neuroprotective effects on alleviating SCI. Notably, the antioxidant effects of some metabolites and compounds of TCM have obtained numerous verifications, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for SCI. This review aims at investigating the mechanisms of OS in SCI and highlighting some TCM with antioxidant capacity used in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Huang
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Chun Li
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Weihong Zheng
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Junyuan He
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Ziguang Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jianbang Tang
- Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan, China
- *Correspondence: Jianbang Tang,
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Using Network Pharmacology to Systematically Decipher the Potential Mechanisms of Jisuikang in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4932153. [PMID: 35265147 PMCID: PMC8898796 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4932153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective To identify the potential pharmacological targets of Jisuikang (JSK) for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) using network pharmacology. Methods The bioactive compounds of JSK herbs and their corresponding potential SCI targets were obtained from three traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) databases. SCI-related therapeutic target genes were obtained from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database and the GeneCards Database. The common target genes between the JSK compounds and SCI-related therapeutic targets were screened using GO/KEGG functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses to identify hub genes and their categories of biological function. Gene expression distribution and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were used to identify probable SCI-related target genes. Molecular docking was used to quantify molecular interactions between target genes and the bioactive compounds of JSK. Results A total of 183 JSK bioactive compounds and 197 target genes for the treatment of SCI were screened and assessed. The target genes were enriched primarily in drug metabolism and in inflammation-related biological processes. Ten genes with statistical significance were identified as therapeutic SCI-related target genes of JSK. Molecular docking experiments demonstrated that the proteins of these 10 genes docked with binding energies of less than −5 kcal/mol with the bioactive compounds in JSK. Conclusion This study showed that the anti-SCI effects of JSK may be mediated through numerous bioactive components, multiple gene targets, and inflammation-related pathways and provided potential novel targets for directed therapies for treating SCI. These results provide a foundation for further experimental investigations into treatment options for SCI.
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Jisuikang Promotes the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury in Rats by Regulating NgR/RhoA/ROCK Signal Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9542359. [PMID: 33354226 PMCID: PMC7735860 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9542359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Jisuikang (JSK) is an herbal formula composed of many kinds of traditional Chinese medicine, which has been proved to be effective in promoting the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) after more than ten years of clinical application. However, the mechanisms of JSK promoting nerve regeneration are yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of JSK protecting neurons, specifically the regulation of NgR/RhoA/ROCK signal pathway. The motor function of rats was evaluated by the BBB score and inclined plate test, Golgi staining and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the microstructure of nerve tissue, and fluorescence double-labeling method was used to detect neuronal apoptosis. In this study, we found that JSK could improve the motor function of rats with SCI, protect the microstructure (mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and dendritic spine) of neurons, and reduce the apoptosis rate of neurons in rats with SCI. In addition, JSK could inhibit the expression of Nogo receptor (NgR) in neurons and the NgR/RhoA/ROCK signal pathway in rats with SCI. These results indicated JSK could improve the motor function of rats with SCI by inhibiting the NgR/RhoA/ROCK signal pathway, which suggests the potential applicability of JSK as a nerve regeneration agent.
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Zheng Y, Qi S, Wu F, Hu J, Zhong R, Hua C, Jiang D, Quan R. Chinese Herbal Medicine in Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1593-1616. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a catastrophic disease associated with damaged neurological structures and has become a significant social and economic burden for the health care system and patients’ families. The use of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) to treat SCI has been increasing in recent years. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effectiveness of CHM for patients with SCI. Therefore, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CHM for SCI in seven databases. A total of 26 studies involving 1961 participants were included in this study. No serious heterogeneity or publication bias was observed across each study. The results showed that significant improvements of the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA)-grading improvement rate ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), clinical effective rate ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), ASIA motor score ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), ASIA sensory score (total) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), ASIA sensory score (light touch) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), ASIA sensory score (pinprick) ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), and activities of daily living (ADL) score ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) in CHM group compared with the control group. Among the CHM groups, Buyang Huanwu decoction was the most frequently prescribed herbal formula, while Astragalus membranaceus was the most commonly used single herb. In addition, there were no serious and permanent adverse effects in the two groups. The methodological quality of the most included RCTs was poor and the quality of evidence for the main outcomes was from very low to moderate according to the GRADE system. Current evidence suggests that CHM is an effective and safe treatment for SCI and could be treated as a complementary and alternative option with few side effects. However, considering the low quality, small size, and high risk of the studies identified in this meta-analysis, higher methodological quality, rigorously designed RCTs with large sample sizes are needed to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zheng
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310051, P. R. China
| | - Shangfeng Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Fengqing Wu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310051, P. R. China
| | - Jintao Hu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310051, P. R. China
| | - Ronglin Zhong
- Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Cong Hua
- Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Dashuai Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Renfu Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou 311200, P. R. China
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Asiaticoside Inhibits Neuronal Apoptosis and Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1988-1996. [PMID: 32529536 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01601-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a critical traumatic injury. This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of asiaticoside on neuronal injury in a rat model of spinal cord injury and to clarify the possible molecular mechanisms underlying these protective effects. Rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: naïve, sham, spinal cord injury (moderate mechanical compression injury model), and spinal cord injury + asiaticoside. Time to spontaneous urination after spinal cord injury was measured. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scoring method, inclined plate grasp experiments, and footprint experiments were used to evaluate motor function. Neuritin and TNF-α levels in the spinal cord were detected via ELISA, and caspase-3 level was detected via Western blotting. Spinal cord morphology was assessed via hematoxylin-eosin staining. Apoptosis in the spinal cord was assessed using Fluoro-Jade B staining. Recovery times for spontaneous urination and motor function were shorter in the spinal cord injury + asiaticoside group than in the spinal cord injury group. The neuritin level was increased and TNF-α and caspase-3 levels were decreased in the spinal cord injury + asiaticoside group. Morphological integrity of neurons was better in the spinal cord injury + asiaticoside group than in the spinal cord injury group. It can thus be said that asiaticoside decreased apoptosis of spinal cord neurons. Asiaticoside exerts protective effects against spinal cord injury in rats, possibly by inhibiting the apoptosis of neurons and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Lu Y, Yang J, Wang X, Ma Z, Li S, Liu Z, Fan X. Research progress in use of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110136. [PMID: 32335299 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious central nervous system disorder caused by trauma that has gradually become a major challenge in clinical medical research. As an important branch of worldwide medical research, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is rapidly moving towards a path of reform and innovation. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews research related to existing TCM treatments for SCI, with the aims of identifying deficits and shortcomings within the field, and proposing feasible alternative prospects. METHODS All data and conclusions in this paper were obtained from articles published by peers in relevant fields. PubMed, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant articles. Results regarding TCM for SCI were identified and retrieved, then manually classified and selected for inclusion in this review. RESULTS The literature search identified a total of 652 articles regarding TCM for SCI. Twenty-eight treatments (16 active ingredients, nine herbs, and three compound prescriptions) were selected from these articles; the treatments have been used for the prevention and treatment of SCI. In general, these treatments involved antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and/or antiapoptotic effects of TCM compounds. CONCLUSIONS This paper showed that TCM treatments can serve as promising auxiliary therapies for functional recovery of patients with SCI. These findings will contribute to the development of diversified treatments for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Lanzhou First People's Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030600, China
| | - Xuegong Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
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Actions of Brain-Derived Neurotrophin Factor in the Neurogenesis and Neuronal Function, and Its Involvement in the Pathophysiology of Brain Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113650. [PMID: 30463271 PMCID: PMC6274766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF, has an important role in a variety of neuronal aspects, such as differentiation, maturation, and synaptic function in the central nervous system (CNS). BDNF stimulates mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK), phosphoinositide-3kinase (PI3K), and phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma pathways via activation of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), a high affinity receptor for BDNF. Evidence has shown significant contributions of these signaling pathways in neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Importantly, it has been demonstrated that dysfunction of the BDNF/TrkB system is involved in the onset of brain diseases, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss actions of BDNF and related signaling molecules on CNS neurons, and their contributions to the pathophysiology of brain diseases.
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Shi Z, Ning G, Zhang B, Yuan S, Zhou H, Pan B, Li J, Wei Z, Cao F, Kong X, Feng S. Signatures of altered long noncoding RNAs and messenger RNAs expression in the early acute phase of spinal cord injury. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8918-8927. [PMID: 30341912 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly severe disease and it can lead to the destruction of the motor and sensory function resulting in temporary or permanent disability. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nt that play a critical role in central nervous system (CNS) injury. However, the exact roles of lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the early acute phase of SCI remain to be elucidated. We examined the expression of mRNAs and lncRNAs in a rat model at 2 days after SCI and identified the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs) using microarray analysis. Subsequently, a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was also performed to clarify the interaction between DE mRNAs. A total of 3,193 DE lncRNAs and 4,308 DE mRNAs were identified between the injured group and control group. Classification, length distribution, and chromosomal distribution of the dysregulated lncRNAs were also performed. The gene ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed to identify the critical biological processes and pathways. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network indicated that IL6, TOP2A, CDK1, POLE, CCNB1, TNF, CCNA2, CDC20, ITGAM, and MYC were the top 10 core genes. The subnetworks from the PPI network were identified to further elucidate the most significant functional modules of the DE mRNAs. These data may provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of the early acute phase of SCI. The identification of lncRNAs and mRNAs may offer potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongju Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Guangzhi Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiyang Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahe Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijian Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fujiang Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Lu WC, Zhou YX, Qiao P, Zheng J, Wu Q, Shen Q. The protocadherin alpha cluster is required for axon extension and myelination in the developing central nervous system. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:427-433. [PMID: 29623926 PMCID: PMC5900504 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.228724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult mammals, axon regeneration after central nervous system injury is very poor, resulting in persistent functional loss. Enhancing the ability of axonal outgrowth may be a potential treatment strategy because mature neurons of the adult central nervous system may retain the intrinsic ability to regrow axons after injury. The protocadherin (Pcdh) clusters are thought to function in neuronal morphogenesis and in the assembly of neural circuitry in the brain. We cultured primary hippocampal neurons from E17.5 Pcdhα deletion (del-α) mouse embryos. After culture for 1 day, axon length was obviously shorter in del-α neurons compared with wild-type neurons. RNA sequencing of hippocampal E17.5 RNA showed that expression levels of BDNF, Fmod, Nrp2, OGN, and Sema3d, which are associated with axon extension, were significantly down-regulated in the absence of the Pcdhα gene cluster. Using transmission electron microscopy, the ratio of myelinated nerve fibers in the axons of del-α hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased; myelin sheaths of P21 Pcdhα-del mice showed lamellar disorder, discrete appearance, and vacuoles. These results indicate that the Pcdhα cluster can promote the growth and myelination of axons in the neurodevelopmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Xiao Zhou
- Center for Comparative Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Zhangqiu, Zhangqiu, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Center for Comparative Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Center for Comparative Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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