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Qin C, Liu Y, Xu PP, Zhang X, Talifu Z, Liu JY, Jing YL, Bai F, Zhao LX, Yu Y, Gao F, Li JJ. Inhibition by rno-circRNA-013017 of the apoptosis of motor neurons in anterior horn and descending axonal degeneration in rats after traumatic spinal cord injury. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1065897. [PMID: 36590290 PMCID: PMC9797719 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1065897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Spinal cord injury (SCI) often causes continuous neurological damage to clinical patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are related to a lot of diseases, including SCI. We previously found five candidate circRNAs which were likely to regulate the secondary pathophysiological changes in rat model after traumatic SCI. Methods In this study, we first selected and overexpressed target circRNA in rats. We then explored its functional roles using various functional assays in a rat model after SCI. Results We found that rno-circRNA-013017-the selected target circRNA-reduced neuron apoptosis, preserved the survival and activity of motor neurons, and regulated apoptosis-related proteins at 3 days post-SCI using western blot, immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, we found that rno-circRNA-013017 inhibited descending axonal degeneration and preserved motor neurons and descending axons at 6 weeks post-SCI using immunofluorescence, biotin dextran amine diffusion tensor imaging. Finally, the overexpression of rno-circRNA-013017 promoted the locomotor function of rats after SCI using open-field test and gait analysis. Conclusion Focusing on the functions of rno-circRNA-013017, this study provides new options for future studies exploring therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Pei-Pei Xu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Zuliyaer Talifu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Li Jing
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Bai
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Xi Zhao
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yu
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,Feng Gao,
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, China,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jian-Jun Li,
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Liu Y, Liu C, Qin C, Zhang X, Feng H, Wang Z, Li J. Evaluation of the effect of myelotomy on nerve function in rats with spinal cord injury by diffusion tensor imaging. Acta Radiol 2021; 62:1666-1673. [PMID: 33287549 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120975182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury that can generally induce different degrees of sensory and motor dysfunction. PURPOSE To clarify the changes of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters after spinal cord myelotomy in rats with SCI. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighteen Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the Sham group (n=6), SCI group (n=6), and Mye group (n=6), respectively. The DTI values at 1, 3, 7, and 21 days after modeling were collected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The spinal specimen at the injury site was collected on the 21st day for Nissl's staining to assess the changes in neurons. RESULTS The fractional anisotropy (FA) values in both the SCI group and Mye group significantly decreased. In addition, the FA values between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values all decreased and then increased (P < 0.001). Pearson correlation test showed that the ADC, MD, and AD values were positively correlated with the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) score. Nissl's staining showed a higher number of Nissl's bodies, and deep staining of Nissl's bodies in the Mye group, while the morphology of neurons was relatively good. The number of neurons in the Mye group was significantly higher after myelotomy compared to the SCI group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The DTI parameters, especially ADC values, could non-invasively and quantifiably evaluate the efficacy of myelotomy for rats with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, PR China
| | - Changbin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chuan Qin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhanjing Wang
- Medical Experiment and Test Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianjun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, PR China
- Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, PR China
- Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, PR China
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3
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Khaing ZZ, Cates LN, Dewees DM, Hyde JE, Gaing A, Birjandian Z, Hofstetter CP. Effect of Durotomy versus Myelotomy on Tissue Sparing and Functional Outcome after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2020; 38:746-755. [PMID: 33121382 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Various surgical strategies have been developed to alleviate elevated intraspinal pressure (ISP) following acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). Surgical decompression of either the dural (durotomy) or the dural and pial (myelotomy) lining of the spinal cord has been proposed. However, a direct comparison of these two strategies is lacking. Here, we compare the histological and functional effects of durotomy alone and durotomy plus myelotomy in a rodent model of acute thoracic tSCI. Our results indicate that tSCI causes local tissue edema and significantly elevates ISP (7.4 ± 0.3 mmHg) compared with physiological ISP (1.7 ± 0.4 mmHg; p < 0.001). Both durotomy alone and durotomy plus myelotomy effectively mitigate elevated local ISP (p < 0.001). Histological examination at 10 weeks after tSCI revealed that durotomy plus myelotomy promoted spinal tissue sparing by 13.7% compared with durotomy alone, and by 25.9% compared with tSCI-only (p < 0.0001). Both types of decompression surgeries elicited a significant beneficial impact on gray matter sparing (p < 0.01). Impressively, durotomy plus myelotomy surgery increased preservation of motor neurons by 174.3% compared with tSCI-only (p < 0.05). Durotomy plus myelotomy surgery also significantly promoted recovery of hindlimb locomotor function in an open-field test (p < 0.001). Interestingly, only durotomy alone resulted in favorable recovery of bladder and Ladder Walk performance. Combined, our data suggest that durotomy plus myelotomy following acute tSCI facilitates tissue sparing and recovery of locomotor function. In the future, biomarkers identifying spinal cord injuries that can benefit from either durotomy alone or durotomy plus myelotomy need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Z Khaing
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lindsay N Cates
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dane M Dewees
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Hyde
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ashley Gaing
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Zeinab Birjandian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christoph P Hofstetter
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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4
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Telemacque D, Zhu FZ, Ren ZW, Chen KF, Drepaul D, Yao S, Yang F, Qu YZ, Sun TF, Guo XD. Effects of durotomy versus myelotomy in the repair of spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1814-1820. [PMID: 32246622 PMCID: PMC7513969 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.280304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Current management for spinal cord injury aims to reduce secondary damage and recover sensation and movement. Acute spinal cord injury is often accompanied by spinal cord compartment syndrome. Decompression by durotomy and/or myelotomy attempts to relieve secondary damage by completelyrelieving the compression of the spinal cord, removing the necrotic tissue, decreasing edema, reducing hemorrhage, and improving blood circulation in the spinal cord. However, it is controversial whether durotomy and/or myelotomy after spinal cord injury are beneficial to neurological recovery. This review compares the clinical effects of durotomy with those of myelotomy in the treatment of spinal cord injury. We found that durotomy has been performed more than myelotomy in the clinic, and that durotomy may be safer and more effective than myelotomy. Durotomy performed in humans had positive effects on neurological function in 92.3% of studies in this review, while durotomy in animals had positive effects on neurological function in 83.3% of studies. Myelotomy procedures were effective in 80% of animal studies, but only one clinical study of myelotomy has reported positive results, of motor and sensory improvement, in humans. However, a number of new animal studies have reported that durotomy and myelotomy are ineffective for spinal cord injury. More clinical data, in the form of a randomized controlled study, are needed to understand the effectiveness of durotomy and myelotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionne Telemacque
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Feng-Zhao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai-Fang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Deepak Drepaul
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Sheng Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan-Zheng Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ting-Fang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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5
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Zhang X, Qin C, Jing Y, Yang D, Liu C, Gao F, Zhang C, Talifu Z, Yang M, Du L, Li J. Therapeutic effects of rapamycin and surgical decompression in a rabbit spinal cord injury model. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:567. [PMID: 32703937 PMCID: PMC7378229 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Surgical decompression after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a conventional treatment. Although it has been proven to have clinical effects, there are certain limitations, such as the surgical conditions that must be met and the invasive nature of the treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple and maneuverable therapy for the emergency treatment of patients with SCI before surgery. Rapamycin (RAPA) has been reported to have potential as a therapeutic agent for SCI. In this study, we observed the therapeutic effects of rapamycin and surgical decompression, in combination or separately, on the histopathology in rabbits with SCI. After combination therapy, intramedullary pressure (IMP) decreased significantly, autophagic flux increased, and apoptosis and demyelination were significantly reduced. Compared with RAPA/surgical decompression alone, the combination therapy had a significantly better effect. In addition, we evaluated the effects of mechanical pressure on autophagy after SCI by assessing changes in autophagic initiation, degradation, and flux. Increased IMP after SCI inhibited autophagic degradation and impaired autophagic flux. Decompression improved autophagic flux after SCI. Our findings provide novel evidence of a promising strategy for the treatment of SCI in the future. The combination therapy may effectively improve emergency treatment after SCI and promote the therapeutic effect of decompression. This study also contributes to a better understanding of the effects of mechanical pressure on autophagy after neurotrauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Yingli Jing
- China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China.,Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Degang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Changbin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Zuliyaer Talifu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Mingliang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Liangjie Du
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China.,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100068, China. .,China Rehabilitation Science Institute, Beijing, 100068, China. .,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100068, China. .,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 100068, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100068, China.
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6
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Qin C, Feng H, Zhang C, Zhang X, Liu Y, Yang DG, Du LJ, Sun YC, Yang ML, Gao F, Li JJ. Differential Expression Profiles and Functional Prediction of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Rats After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 12:326. [PMID: 31998075 PMCID: PMC6968126 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is mostly caused by trauma. As the primary mechanical injury is unavoidable, a focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms of the SCI-induced secondary injury is necessary to develop promising treatments for patients with SCI. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a novel class of short, non-coding RNA, possessing potential regulatory functions in various diseases. However, the functional roles of tsRNAs in traumatic SCI have not been determined yet. We used a combination of sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), bioinformatics, and luciferase reporter assay to screen the expression profiles and identify the functional roles of tsRNAs after SCI. As a result, 297 differentially expressed tsRNAs were identified in rats' spinal cord 1 day after contusion. Of those, 155 tsRNAs were significantly differentially expressed: 91 were significantly up-regulated, whereas 64 were significantly down-regulated after SCI (fold change > 1.5; P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analyses revealed candidate tsRNAs (tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001, tRF-Gly-GCC-012, tRF-Gly-GCC-013, and tRF-Gly-GCC-016) that might play regulatory roles through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and neurotrophin signaling pathways by targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We validated the candidate tsRNAs and found opposite trends in the expression levels of the tsRNAs and BDNF after SCI. Finally, tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 was identified to target BDNF using the luciferase reporter assay. In summary, we found an altered tsRNA expression pattern and predicted tiRNA-Gly-GCC-001 might be involved in the MAPK and neurotrophin pathways by targeting the BDNF, thus regulating the post-SCI pathophysiologic processes. This study provides novel insights for future investigations to explore the mechanisms and therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - De-Gang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Jie Du
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Chun Sun
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,TCM Treatment Center, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Liang Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Spinal and Neural Functional Reconstruction, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.,Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China
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