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Němec V, Remeš M, Beňovský P, Böck MC, Šranková E, Wong JF, Cros J, Williams E, Tse LH, Smil D, Ensan D, Isaac MB, Al-Awar R, Gomolková R, Ursachi VC, Fafílek B, Kahounová Z, Víchová R, Vacek O, Berger BT, Wells CI, Corona CR, Vasta JD, Robers MB, Krejci P, Souček K, Bullock AN, Knapp S, Paruch K. Discovery of Two Highly Selective Structurally Orthogonal Chemical Probes for Activin Receptor-like Kinases 1 and 2. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39023313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Activin receptor-like kinases 1-7 (ALK1-7) regulate a complex network of SMAD-independent as well as SMAD-dependent signaling pathways. One of the widely used inhibitors for functional investigations of these processes, in particular for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, is LDN-193189. However, LDN-193189 has insufficient kinome-wide selectivity complicating its use in cellular target validation assays. Herein, we report the identification and comprehensive characterization of two chemically distinct highly selective inhibitors of ALK1 and ALK2, M4K2234 and MU1700, along with their negative controls. We show that both MU1700 and M4K2234 efficiently block the BMP pathway via selective in cellulo inhibition of ALK1/2 kinases and exhibit favorable in vivo profiles in mice. MU1700 is highly brain penetrant and shows remarkably high accumulation in the brain. These high-quality orthogonal chemical probes offer the selectivity required to become widely used tools for in vitro and in vivo investigation of BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Němec
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Remeš
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beňovský
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michael C Böck
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Šranková
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jong Fu Wong
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Julien Cros
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Eleanor Williams
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Lap Hang Tse
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - David Smil
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Deeba Ensan
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Methvin B Isaac
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Rima Al-Awar
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Regina Gomolková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vlad-Constantin Ursachi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Fafílek
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kahounová
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ráchel Víchová
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vacek
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Benedict-Tilman Berger
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Carrow I Wells
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Cesear R Corona
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin 53716, United States
| | - James D Vasta
- Promega Corporation, Madison, Wisconsin 53716, United States
| | | | - Pavel Krejci
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Souček
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Alex N Bullock
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Kamil Paruch
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Yao C, Wu S, Kong J, Sun Y, Bai Y, Zhu R, Li Z, Sun W, Zheng L. Angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and anti-angiogenic therapies. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0449. [PMID: 36647777 PMCID: PMC9843448 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. Angiogenesis, the process of formation of new blood vessels, is required for cancer cells to obtain nutrients and oxygen. HCC is a typical hypervascular solid tumor with an aberrant vascular network and angiogenesis that contribute to its growth, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Current anti-angiogenic therapies target mainly tyrosine kinases, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and are considered effective strategies for HCC, particularly advanced HCC. However, because the survival benefits conferred by these anti-angiogenic therapies are modest, new anti-angiogenic targets must be identified. Several recent studies have determined the underlying molecular mechanisms, including pro-angiogenic factors secreted by HCC cells, the tumor microenvironment, and cancer stem cells. In this review, we summarize the roles of pro-angiogenic factors; the involvement of endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and tumor-associated neutrophils present in the tumor microenvironment; and the regulatory influence of cancer stem cells on angiogenesis in HCC. Furthermore, we discuss some of the clinically approved anti-angiogenic therapies and potential novel therapeutic targets for angiogenesis in HCC. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying angiogenesis may lead to the development of more optimized anti-angiogenic treatment modalities for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Shilun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Yiwen Sun
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yannan Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Ruhang Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Zhuxin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Wenbing Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, China
- Correspondence to: Wenbing Sun and Lemin Zheng, E-mail: and
| | - Lemin Zheng
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, Health Sciences Center, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China National Clinical Research Center of Neurological Diseases, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence to: Wenbing Sun and Lemin Zheng, E-mail: and
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