1
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Li C, Song Y, Meng X. The Role of Macrophages in Nerve Regeneration: Polarization and Combination with Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38832865 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2024.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration after trauma poses a substantial clinical challenge that has already been investigated for many years. Infiltration of immune cells is a critical step in the response to nerve damage that creates a supportive microenvironment for regeneration. In this work, we focus on a special type of immune cell, macrophage, in addressing the problem of neuronal regeneration. We discuss the complex endogenous mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury and regrowth vis-à-vis macrophages, including their recruitment, polarization, and interplay with Schwann cells post-trauma. Furthermore, we elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which exogenous stimuli govern the above events. Finally, we summarize the necessary roles of macrophages in peripheral nerve lesions and reconstruction. There are many challenges in controlling macrophage functions to achieve complete neuronal regeneration, even though considerable progress has been made in understanding the connection between these cells and peripheral nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyu Song
- The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xianyu Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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2
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Wang X, Hu S, Ouyang S, Pan X, Fu Y, Chen X, Wu S. TsMS combined with EA promotes functional recovery and axonal regeneration via mediating the miR-539-5p/Sema3A/PlexinA1 signalling axis in sciatic nerve-injured rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 824:137691. [PMID: 38373630 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing axonal regeneration is one of the most important processes in treating nerve injuries. Both magnetic and electrical stimulation have the effect of promoting nerve axon regeneration. But few study has investigated the effects of trans-spinal magnetic stimulation (TsMS) combined with electroacupuncture (EA) on nerve regeneration in rats with sciatic nerve injury. In this study, we compared the improvement of neurological function in rats with sciatic nerve crush injuries after 4 weeks of different interventions (EA, TsMS, or TsMS combined with EA). We further explored the morphological and molecular biological alterations following sciatic nerve injury by HE, Masson, RT-PCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and small RNA transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that TsMS combined with EA treatment significantly promoted axonal regeneration, increased the survival rate of neurons, and suppressed denervation atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscle. Subsequent experiments suggested that the combination treatment may play an active role by mediating the miR-539-5p/Sema3A/PlexinA1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shouxing Hu
- Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuai Ouyang
- Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yingxue Fu
- Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, 28 Guiyi Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Medical University, 9 Beijing Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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3
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Ding Z, Jiang M, Qian J, Gu D, Bai H, Cai M, Yao D. Role of transforming growth factor-β in peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:380-386. [PMID: 37488894 PMCID: PMC10503632 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.377588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries caused by trauma and neurodegenerative diseases can damage the peripheral nervous system and cause functional deficits. Unlike in the central nervous system, damaged axons in peripheral nerves can be induced to regenerate in response to intrinsic cues after reprogramming or in a growth-promoting microenvironment created by Schwann cells. However, axon regeneration and repair do not automatically result in the restoration of function, which is the ultimate therapeutic goal but also a major clinical challenge. Transforming growth factor (TGF) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates various biological processes including tissue repair, embryo development, and cell growth and differentiation. There is accumulating evidence that TGF-β family proteins participate in peripheral nerve repair through various factors and signaling pathways by regulating the growth and transformation of Schwann cells; recruiting specific immune cells; controlling the permeability of the blood-nerve barrier, thereby stimulating axon growth; and inhibiting remyelination of regenerated axons. TGF-β has been applied to the treatment of peripheral nerve injury in animal models. In this context, we review the functions of TGF-β in peripheral nerve regeneration and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Maorong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaxi Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dandan Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huiyuan Bai
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Cai
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dengbing Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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4
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Mayrhofer-Schmid M, Klemm TT, Aman M, Kneser U, Eberlin KR, Harhaus L, Boecker AH. Shielding the Nerve: A Systematic Review of Nerve Wrapping to Prevent Adhesions in the Rat Sciatic Nerve Model. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1431. [PMID: 37888042 PMCID: PMC10607771 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve pathology is frequently encountered in clinical practice among peripheral nerve and extremity surgeons. One major factor limiting nerve regeneration and possibly leading to revision surgeries is the development of traumatic or postoperative adhesions and scarring around nerves. In experimental models, different materials have been studied to limit scar tissue formation when wrapped around nerves. METHODS A systematic review of studies describing nerve-wrapping materials in a non-transectional rat sciatic nerve model was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. Literature describing nerve-wrapping methods for the prevention of peripheral nerve scarring in rat sciatic nerve models was identified using PubMed and Web of Science, scanned for relevance and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 15 original articles describing 23 different materials or material combinations for nerve wrapping were included. The heterogeneity of the methods used did not allow a meta-analysis, thus, a systematic review was performed. Out of 28 intervention groups, 21 demonstrated a preventive effect on scar tissue formation in at least one qualitative or quantitative assessment method. CONCLUSIONS The analyzed literature describes a variety of materials from different origins to limit peripheral nerve scarring and adhesions. Thus, a scar-preventive effect by wrapping peripheral nerves as adhesion prophylaxis seems likely. However, a quantitative comparison of the studies to identify the optimal material or technique is not possible with the diversity of used models and study designs. Therefore, further research needs to be performed to identify the optimal nerve wraps to be used routinely in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mayrhofer-Schmid
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Hand and Arm Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tess T. Klemm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Aman
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Kyle R. Eberlin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand Surgery, Peripheral Nerve Surgery and Rehabilitation, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Arne H. Boecker
- Department of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand- and Plastic Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Str. 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Hand Surgery, Peripheral Nerve Surgery and Rehabilitation, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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5
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Wan T, Wang YL, Zhang FS, Zhang XM, Zhang YC, Jiang HR, Zhang M, Zhang PX. The Porous Structure of Peripheral Nerve Guidance Conduits: Features, Fabrication, and Implications for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14132. [PMID: 37762437 PMCID: PMC10531895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous structure is an important three-dimensional morphological feature of the peripheral nerve guidance conduit (NGC), which permits the infiltration of cells, nutrients, and molecular signals and the discharge of metabolic waste. Porous structures with precisely customized pore sizes, porosities, and connectivities are being used to construct fully permeable, semi-permeable, and asymmetric peripheral NGCs for the replacement of traditional nerve autografts in the treatment of long-segment peripheral nerve injury. In this review, the features of porous structures and the classification of NGCs based on these characteristics are discussed. Common methods for constructing 3D porous NGCs in current research are described, as well as the pore characteristics and the parameters used to tune the pores. The effects of the porous structure on the physical properties of NGCs, including biodegradation, mechanical performance, and permeability, were analyzed. Pore structure affects the biological behavior of Schwann cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells during peripheral nerve regeneration. The construction of ideal porous structures is a significant advancement in the regeneration of peripheral nerve tissue engineering materials. The purpose of this review is to generalize, summarize, and analyze methods for the preparation of porous NGCs and their biological functions in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration to guide the development of medical nerve repair materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wan
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Feng-Shi Zhang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yi-Chong Zhang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hao-Ran Jiang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of OrthopedSics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China; (T.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
- National Centre for Trauma Medicine, Beijing 100044, China
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6
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Liu J, Ma X, Hu X, Wen J, Zhang H, Xu J, He Y, Wang X, Guo J. Schwann cell‐specific
RhoA
knockout accelerates peripheral nerve regeneration via promoting Schwann cell dedifferentiation. Glia 2023; 71:1715-1728. [PMID: 36971019 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that RhoA knockdown or inhibition could alleviate the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of Schwann cells. However, the role of RhoA in Schwann cells during nerve injury and repair is still unknown. Herein, we developed two lines of Schwann cells conditional RhoA knockout (cKO) mice by breeding RhoAflox / flox mice with PlpCre -ERT2 or DhhCre mice. Our results indicate that RhoA cKO in Schwann cells accelerates axonal regrowth and remyelination after sciatic nerve injury, which enhances the recovery of nerve conduction and hindlimb gait, and alleviates the amyotrophy in gastrocnemius muscle. Mechanistic studies in both in vivo and in vitro models revealed that RhoA cKO could facilitate Schwann cell dedifferentiation via JNK pathway. Schwann cell dedifferentiation subsequently promotes Wallerian degeneration by enhancing phagocytosis and myelinophagy, as well as stimulating the production of neurotrophins (NT-3, NGF, BDNF, and GDNF). These findings shed light on the role of RhoA in Schwann cells during nerve injury and repair, indicating that cell type-specific RhoA targeting could serve as a promising molecular therapeutic strategy for peripheral nerve injury.
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7
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Li X, Zhang T, Li C, Xu W, Guan Y, Li X, Cheng H, Chen S, Yang B, Liu Y, Ren Z, Song X, Jia Z, Wang Y, Tang J. Electrical stimulation accelerates Wallerian degeneration and promotes nerve regeneration after sciatic nerve injury. Glia 2023; 71:758-774. [PMID: 36484493 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Following peripheral nerve injury (PNI), Wallerian degeneration (WD) in the distal stump can generate a microenvironment favorable for nerve regeneration. Brief low-frequency electrical stimulation (ES) is an effective treatment for PNI, but the mechanism underlying its effect on WD remains unclear. Therefore, we hypothesized that ES could enhance nerve regeneration by accelerating WD. To verify this hypothesis, we used a rat model of sciatic nerve transection and provided ES at the distal stump of the injured nerve. The injured nerve was then evaluated after 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post injury (dpi). The results showed that ES significantly promoted the degeneration and clearance of axons and myelin, and the dedifferentiation of Schwann cells. It upregulated the expression of BDNF and NGF and increased the number of monocytes and macrophages. Through transcriptome sequencing, we systematically investigated the effect of ES on the molecular processes involved in WD at 4 dpi. Evaluation of nerves bridged using silicone tubing after transection showed that ES accelerated early axonal and vascular regeneration while delaying gastrocnemius atrophy. These results demonstrate that ES promotes nerve regeneration by accelerating WD and upregulating the expression of neurotrophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Li
- The School of Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Tieyuan Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chaochao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjun Guan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Haofeng Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Boyao Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yuli Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqi Ren
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Song
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Zhibo Jia
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jinshu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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8
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Zhao YN, Wu P, Zhao ZY, Chen FX, Xiao A, Yue ZY, Han XW, Zheng Y, Chen Y. Electrodeposition of chitosan/graphene oxide conduit to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:207-212. [PMID: 35799544 PMCID: PMC9241416 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.344836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently available commercial nerve guidance conduits have been applied in the repair of peripheral nerve defects. However, a conduit exhibiting good biocompatibility remains to be developed. In this work, a series of chitosan/graphene oxide (GO) films with concentrations of GO varying from 0–1 wt% (collectively referred to as CHGF-n) were prepared by an electrodeposition technique. The effects of CHGF-n on proliferation and adhesion abilities of Schwann cells were evaluated. The results showed that Schwann cells exhibited elongated spindle shapes and upregulated expression of nerve regeneration-related factors such as Krox20 (a key myelination factor), Zeb2 (essential for Schwann cell differentiation, myelination, and nerve repair), and transforming growth factor β (a cytokine with regenerative functions). In addition, a nerve guidance conduit with a GO content of 0.25% (CHGFC-0.25) was implanted to repair a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. The results indicated improvements in sciatic functional index, electrophysiology, and sciatic nerve and gastrocnemius muscle histology compared with the CHGFC-0 group, and similar outcomes to the autograft group. In conclusion, we provide a candidate method for the repair of peripheral nerve defects using free-standing chitosan/GO nerve conduits produced by electrodeposition.
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9
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Liu J, Li L, Zou Y, Fu L, Ma X, Zhang H, Xu Y, Xu J, Zhang J, Li M, Hu X, Li Z, Wang X, Sun H, Zheng H, Zhu L, Guo J. Role of microtubule dynamics in Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:673-681. [PMID: 34380909 PMCID: PMC8504388 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.320997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Wallerian degeneration, the progressive disintegration of distal axons and myelin that occurs after peripheral nerve injury, is essential for creating a permissive microenvironment for nerve regeneration, and involves cytoskeletal reconstruction. However, it is unclear whether microtubule dynamics play a role in this process. To address this, we treated cultured sciatic nerve explants, an in vitro model of Wallerian degeneration, with the microtubule-targeting agents paclitaxel and nocodazole. We found that paclitaxel-induced microtubule stabilization promoted axon and myelin degeneration and Schwann cell dedifferentiation, whereas nocodazole-induced microtubule destabilization inhibited these processes. Evaluation of an in vivo model of peripheral nerve injury showed that treatment with paclitaxel or nocodazole accelerated or attenuated axonal regeneration, as well as functional recovery of nerve conduction and target muscle and motor behavior, respectively. These results suggest that microtubule dynamics participate in peripheral nerve regeneration after injury by affecting Wallerian degeneration. This study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Southern Medical University, China (approval No. SMU-L2015081) on October 15, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmin Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lanya Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinrui Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University; Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mi Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaofang Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xianghai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiasong Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering; Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory); Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Swarnakar R, Yadav SL. Vitamin C Deficiency as a Risk Factor for Bell's Palsy: A New Association. Cureus 2022; 14:e21143. [PMID: 35165594 PMCID: PMC8831488 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A 28-year-old female developed gum hypertrophy after five months of Bell's palsy (BP). The vitamin C level was severely low. After vitamin C supplementation for one month, gingival hypertrophy was completely resolved. Facial deviation also improved following rehabilitation. Vitamin C is commonly considered as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulator, and it hastens recovery of neuritis caused by herpes (cause of BP). BP too has an immune-inflammatory background. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, vitamin C deficiency has been reported as a cause or triggering/risk factor for Bell's palsy and at the same time immune-inflammation triggered in BP also may lead to vitamin C deficiency as existing vitamin C in the body starts scavenging free radicals to prevent oxidative damage. Vitamin C levels must be checked in all cases of BP, and intake of vitamin C-rich food should be encouraged in people who are at risk of developing BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktim Swarnakar
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
| | - Shiv L Yadav
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, IND
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Zou Y, Zhang J, Xu J, Fu L, Xu Y, Wang X, Li Z, Zhu L, Sun H, Zheng H, Guo J. SIRT6 inhibition delays peripheral nerve recovery by suppressing migration, phagocytosis and M2-polarization of macrophages. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:210. [PMID: 34906231 PMCID: PMC8672560 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6) is a mammalian homolog of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin family. Prior evidences suggested that the anti-inflammatory function of SIRT6 after spinal cord and brain injury, and it plays a crucial role in macrophages polarization of adipose tissue and skin. However, the role of SIRT6 in macrophages involved peripheral nerve injury is still unknown. Given the prominent role of macrophages in peripheral nerve recovery, we aim to investigate the role of SIRT6 in the regulation of phenotypes shift and functions in macrophages after peripheral nerve injury. Results In the present study, we first identified a significant increase of SIRT6 expression during nerve degeneration and macrophages phagocytosis. Next, we found nerve recovery was delayed after SIRT6 silencing by injected shRNA lentivirus into the crushed sciatic nerve, which exhibited a reduced expression of myelin-related proteins (e.g., MAG and MBP), severer myoatrophy of target muscles, and inferior nerve conduction compared to the shRNA control injected mice. In vitro, we found that SIRT6 inhibition by being treated with a selective inhibitor OSS_128167 or lentivirus transfection impairs migration and phagocytosis capacity of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). In addition, SIRT6 expression was discovered to be reduced after M1 polarization, but SIRT6 was enhanced after M2 polarization in the monocyte-macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and BMDM. Moreover, SIRT6 inhibition increased M1 macrophage polarization with a concomitant decrease in M2 polarization both in RAW264.7 and BMDM via activating NF-κB and TNF-α expression, and SIRT6 activation by UBCS039 treatment could shift the macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype. Conclusion Our findings indicate that SIRT6 inhibition impairs peripheral nerve repair through suppressing the migration, phagocytosis, and M2 polarization of macrophages. Therefore, SIRT6 may become a favorable therapeutic target for peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lanya Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yizhou Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xianghai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Jiasong Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China. .,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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12
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Repair of peripheral nerve injuries using a prevascularized cell-based tissue-engineered nerve conduit. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121269. [PMID: 34847434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in the development of a larger and longer nerve conduit for peripheral nerve repair is the limitation in oxygen and nutrient diffusion within the tissue after transplantation preventing Schwann cell and axonal migration. This restriction is due to the slow neovascularization process of the graft starting from both nerve endings. To overcome this limitation, we propose the design of a living tissue-engineered nerve conduit made of an internal tube with a three-dimensional structure supporting axonal migration, which is inserted inside a hollow external tube that plays the role of an epineurium and is strong enough to be stitched to the severed nerve stumps. The internal tube is made of a rolled living fibroblast sheet and can be seeded with endothelial cells to promote the formation of a network containing capillary-like structures which allow rapid inosculation with the host nerve microvasculature after grafting. Human nerve conduits were grafted in immunodeficient rats to bridge a 15 mm sciatic nerve gap. Human capillaries within the pre-vascularized nerve conduit successfully connected to the host circulation 2 weeks after grafting. Twenty-two weeks after surgery, rats transplanted with the nerve conduits had a similar motor function recovery compared to the autograft group. By promoting rapid vascularization of the internal nerve tube from both ends of the nerve stumps, this endothelialized nerve conduit model displays a favorable environment to enhance axonal migration in both larger caliber and longer nerve grafts.
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13
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Pi W, Li C, Zhang M, Zhang W, Zhang PX. Myelin-associated glycoprotein combined with chitin conduit inhibits painful neuroma formation after sciatic nerve transection. Neural Regen Res 2021; 17:1343-1347. [PMID: 34782580 PMCID: PMC8643036 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.327351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) can inhibit axon regeneration after nerve injury. However, the effects of MAG on neuroma formation after peripheral nerve injury remain poorly understood. In this study, local injection of MAG combined with nerve cap made of chitin conduit was used to intervene with the formation of painful neuroma after sciatic nerve transfection in rats. After 8 weeks of combined treatment, the autotomy behaviors were reduced in rats subjected to sciatic nerve transfection, the mRNA expression of nerve growth factor, a pain marker, in the proximal nerve stump was decreased, the density of regenerated axons was decreased, the thickness of the myelin sheath was increased, and the ratio of unmyelinated to myelinated axons was reduced. Moereover, the percentage of collagen fiber area and the percentage of fibrosis marker alpha-smooth muscle actin positive staining area in the proximal nerve stump were decreased. The combined treatment exhibited superior effects in these measures to chitin conduit treatment alone. These findings suggest that MAG combined with chitin conduit synergistically inhibits the formation of painful neuroma after sciatic nerve transection and alleviates neuropathic pain. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Peking University People’s Hospital (approval No. 2019PHE027) on December 5, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Pi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University; National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ci Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University; National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University; National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University; National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Xun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital; Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University; National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
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Xu J, Wen J, Fu L, Liao L, Zou Y, Zhang J, Deng J, Zhang H, Liu J, Wang X, Zuo D, Guo J. Macrophage-specific RhoA knockout delays Wallerian degeneration after peripheral nerve injury in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:234. [PMID: 34654444 PMCID: PMC8520251 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plenty of macrophages are recruited to the injured nerve to play key roles in the immunoreaction and engulf the debris of degenerated axons and myelin during Wallerian degeneration, thus creating a conducive microenvironment for nerve regeneration. Recently, drugs targeting the RhoA pathway have been widely used to promote peripheral axonal regeneration. However, the role of RhoA in macrophage during Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury is still unknown. Herein, we come up with the hypothesis that RhoA might influence Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration by affecting the migration and phagocytosis of macrophages after peripheral nerve injury. Methods Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, H&E staining, and electrophysiology were performed to access the Wallerian degeneration and axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve transection and crush injury in the LyzCre+/−; RhoAflox/flox (cKO) mice or Lyz2Cre+/− (Cre) mice, regardless of sex. Macrophages’ migration and phagocytosis were detected in the injured nerves and the cultured macrophages. Moreover, the expression and potential roles of ROCK and MLCK were also evaluated in the cultured macrophages. Results 1. RhoA was specifically knocked out in macrophages of the cKO mice; 2. The segmentation of axons and myelin, the axonal regeneration, and nerve conduction in the injured nerve were significantly impeded while the myoatrophy was more severe in the cKO mice compared with those in Cre mice; 3. RhoA knockout attenuated the migration and phagocytosis of macrophages in vivo and in vitro; 4. ROCK and MLCK were downregulated in the cKO macrophages while inhibition of ROCK and MLCK could weaken the migration and phagocytosis of macrophages. Conclusions Our findings suggest that RhoA depletion in macrophages exerts a detrimental effect on Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration, which is most likely due to the impaired migration and phagocytosis of macrophages resulted from disrupted RhoA/ROCK/MLCK pathway. Since previous research has proved RhoA inhibition in neurons was favoring for axonal regeneration, the present study reminds us of that the cellular specificity of RhoA-targeted drugs is needed to be considered in the future application for treating peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jinkun Wen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Neurology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, China
| | - Lanya Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liqiang Liao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Junyao Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xianghai Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Daming Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiasong Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Ave North 1838, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510700, China. .,Department of Spine Orthopedics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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15
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The Role of Dietary Nutrients in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147417. [PMID: 34299037 PMCID: PMC8303934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerves are highly susceptible to injuries induced from everyday activities such as falling or work and sport accidents as well as more severe incidents such as car and motorcycle accidents. Many efforts have been made to improve nerve regeneration, but a satisfactory outcome is still unachieved, highlighting the need for easy to apply supportive strategies for stimulating nerve growth and functional recovery. Recent focus has been made on the effect of the consumed diet and its relation to healthy and well-functioning body systems. Normally, a balanced, healthy daily diet should provide our body with all the needed nutritional elements for maintaining correct function. The health of the central and peripheral nervous system is largely dependent on balanced nutrients supply. While already addressed in many reviews with different focus, we comprehensively review here the possible role of different nutrients in maintaining a healthy peripheral nervous system and their possible role in supporting the process of peripheral nerve regeneration. In fact, many dietary supplements have already demonstrated an important role in peripheral nerve development and regeneration; thus, a tailored dietary plan supplied to a patient following nerve injury could play a non-negotiable role in accelerating and promoting the process of nerve regeneration.
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