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Khalilzadeh M, Saberi S, Noori G, Vaziri M, Sepehri S, Bakherad H, Esmaeili-Fallah M, Mirzayi S, Farhadi G. Synthesis, biological assessment, and computational investigations of nifedipine and monastrol analogues as anti-leishmanial major and anti-microbial agents. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2555-2575. [PMID: 36417095 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis includes a range of parasitic diseases caused by numerous types of the protozoan kinetoplastid parasite. Fungal and bacterial pathogens have led to infectious illnesses causing some main public health problem in current years. A series of dihydropyridine and tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives having fluoro, bromo, and nitro substituents at para-phenyl ring on C4 of dihydropyridine and tetrahydropyrimidine rings were synthesized. Then, anti-leishmanial and antimicrobial potencies of compounds were assessed. All compounds were synthesized via Hantzsch and Biginelli reactions. All derivatives were evaluated for their anti-leishmanial and antimicrobial activities. Moreover, docking and molecular dynamics simulation calculations of the compounds in PRT1 binding site were performed to report the results of anti-leishmanial and antimicrobial activities. Compounds 4a and 4b showed the highest anti-amastigote and anti-promastigote activities. Compound 4a revealed the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans strains. In addition, compound 4c showed the highest activity against S. aureus. The fluoro, bromo, and nitro substituents in para-position of phenyl group at C4 of dihydropyridine and tetrahydropyrimidine moieties as well as the bulk and length of the chain linking to the ester moieties are essential for anti-leishmanial and anti-microbial activities of these derivatives. Low cytotoxicity was shown by most of derivatives against macrophages. The molecular docking studies were in agreement with in vitro assay. Moreover, hydrogen binds, RMSF, RMSD, and Rg, strongly showed the steady binding of 4a and 4b compounds in PRT1 active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Khalilzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Saberi
- Department of Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ghazal Noori
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mostafa Vaziri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Hamid Bakherad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Esmaeili-Fallah
- Department of Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Mirzayi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Farhadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Popović-Djordjević J, Quispe C, Giordo R, Kostić A, Katanić Stanković JS, Tsouh Fokou PV, Carbone K, Martorell M, Kumar M, Pintus G, Sharifi-Rad J, Docea AO, Calina D. Natural products and synthetic analogues against HIV: A perspective to develop new potential anti-HIV drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rode N, Tantray A, Shelar A, Patil R, Terdale S. Amino acid ionic liquid-catalyzed synthesis, anti-Leishmania activity, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation, and ADME study of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thio)ones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.2010757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Rode
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aafaq Tantray
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amruta Shelar
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajendra Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Terdale
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Mirzayi S, Kakanj M, Sepehri S, Alavinejad B, Bakherad Z, Ghazi-Khansari M. Design and synthesis of tetrahydropyrimidinone(thione)-triazole hybrid scaffolds and evaluation of their biological activities. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2021.1986499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mirzayi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maryam Kakanj
- Food and Drug Administration, MOH&ME, Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Bahar Alavinejad
- Department of Microbiology, Science Faculty, Islamic Azad University Lahijan Branch, Gilan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bakherad
- Food and Drug Research Institute, Food and Drug Administration, MOHE, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Marinescu M. Biginelli Reaction Mediated Synthesis of Antimicrobial Pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Therapeutic Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:6022. [PMID: 34641566 PMCID: PMC8512088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance was one of the top priorities for global public health before the start of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Moreover, in this changing medical landscape due to COVID-19, finding new organic structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a priority in current research. The Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of the resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds. In this review we aim to review the Biginelli syntheses reported recently in the literature that mediates the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, the spectrum of their medicinal properties, and the structure-activity relationship in the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marinescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Soseaua Panduri, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
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Asham H, Bohlooli S, Dostkamel D, Rezvanpoor S, Sepehri S. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Screening for Cytotoxic Activity of Monastrol Analogues. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1913424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hila Asham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shahab Bohlooli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Donya Dostkamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sadaf Rezvanpoor
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Students Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, the Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Bohlooli S, Nejatkhah N, Sepehri S, Doostkamel D, Razzaghi-Asl N. Synthesis and cytotoxicity evaluation of novel cyclic/non-cyclic N-aryl enamino amides against human cancer cell lines. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:563-570. [PMID: 33828599 PMCID: PMC8020852 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.301341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Considering the undesirable consequences of prevalent cancer diseases, design and development of potent and selective anticancer chemotherapeutics is a major concern. Several studies have unraveled the potential of dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) scaffold toward generating anticancer agents. Experimental approach: In the present work, a series of new dihydropyrimidinethiones (DHPMTs) along with a few acyclic enamino amides were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human gastric (AGS), liver (Hep-G2), and breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. Findings/Results: Among the assessed compounds, one of the DHPMT derivatives (compounds, one of the DHPMT derivatives (compound 5: 4-(3- fluorophenyl)-6-methyl-N-phenyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-ttrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxamide) exhibited superior cytotoxicity in all of the target cell lines (AGS, IC50 9.9 μM; MCF-7, IC50 15.2 μM; and Hep-G2, IC50 40.5 μM). Cytotoxicity assessments showed that non-cyclic enamino amides exhibited weaker activities when compared to cyclic analogues (DHPMs). Conclusion and implications: DHPMTs were better cytotoxic agents than non-cyclic enamino amides. Structure activity relationship studies guided us toward the design of DHPMT derivatives with OH and NH groups particularly on meta position of 4-phenyl ring and hydrophobic bulky substituents on carboxamide side chain within the structure. Possible interaction with the hydrophobic site(s) of the cellular target was supposed. The results of this study emphasized the potential role of DHPMTs and their optimized derivatives as privileged medicinal scaffolds to inhibit the growth of gastric, breast, and liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Bohlooli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
| | - Negin Nejatkhah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
| | - Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
| | - Donya Doostkamel
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
| | - Nima Razzaghi-Asl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, I.R. Iran
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Bidram Z, Sirous H, Khodarahmi GA, Hassanzadeh F, Dana N, Hariri AA, Rostami M. Monastrol derivatives: in silico and in vitro cytotoxicity assessments. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:249-262. [PMID: 33088325 PMCID: PMC7540817 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.288427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Cancer is the leading cause of death in today's world, therefore the efforts to achieve anticancer drugs with higher potency and fewer side effects have always been conducted by researchers in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry.Monastrol, a cytotoxic small molecule, from dihydropyrimidinone scaffold, is an inhibitor of the kinesin-5 protein. So, efforts to identify more derivatives of this molecule have been of interest. Experimental approach Some of monastrol's analogs as Eg5 inhibitors with different substitution patterns were analyzed, synthesized, and their cytotoxic effects were evaluated on MCF-7 and HeLa cancerous cells in vitro using the MTT assay. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) was studied in silico by molecular docking. Findings / Results Among all proposed structures, in ducking study, those with hydrophobic moieties on the C2-N3 region, those with a hydroxyl group on the phenyl on C4 position, and those with a carboxylic group on C5 were the best candidates. In vitro studies, on the other side, emphasized that monastrol still was the most potent derivative. Another finding was the more moderate activity of synthesized compounds on the HeLa cell compared to the MCF-7 cell line. During different challenges for substitution at 5-position, some earlier reports around the dihydropyrimidinone reactions were questioned. It seems that the change at the position 5 is not merely accessible, as earlier reports claimed. Also, we could not achieve any better cell cytotoxicity by the larger group in the thiourea region or position 5; nonetheless, it seems that the introduction of a methylene group at this position could be beneficial. Conclusion and implications The initial results of this study were valuable in terms of design and synthesis and will be useful for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bidram
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Hajar Sirous
- Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ghadam Ali Khodarahmi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Farshid Hassanzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Nasim Dana
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Amir Ali Hariri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Rostami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran.,Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Safari S, Ghavimi R, Razzaghi‐Asl N, Sepehri S. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of dihydropyrimidine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahand Safari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyArdabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran
| | - Reza Ghavimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of PharmacyIsfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Nima Razzaghi‐Asl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyArdabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran
| | - Saghi Sepehri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of PharmacyArdabil University of Medical Sciences Ardabil Iran
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Design, synthesis, and bioactivity of dihydropyrimidine derivatives as kinesin spindle protein inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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