Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Lesions

Cytomorphology of sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid: A short series of three cases with literature review

BACKGROUND

Ocular sebaceous carcinoma (OSC) is a malignant and potentially lethal sebaceous gland tumor. Clinically, it masquerades as other benign and less malignant lesions, resulting in a delay in diagnosis.

METHODS

In the present study, we sought to evaluate the cytomorphology of this aggressive neoplasm diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) last year at our institute.

RESULTS/FINDINGS

We report three cases of OSC diagnosed on aspiration cytology showed a cellular smear composed of sheets, 3D clusters, papillaroid, and singly scattered polygonal tumor cells having centrally located hyperchromatic pleomorphic nuclei and multiple microvacuolations in the cytoplasm. Necrosis and crushing artifact were also identified. Special stains such as Oil Red O stain on air-dried smears showed positivity, confirming the presence of lipid globules. Subsequently, the Cytological impression of sebaceous carcinoma was confirmed on histopathology.

CONCLUSIONS

The article highlights the role of FNAC in the early and correct diagnosis of aggressive tumors and subsequent appropriate management to prevent recurrence and metastasis.

A comprehensive review of biopsy techniques for oculoplastic and orbital surgeons from ophthalmic pathologists' perspective

This narrative review aims to discuss different modalities for obtaining diagnostic orbital biopsies, compares the available updated methods, and provides recommendations on the choice of technique. It also highlights special precautions in the handling of orbital specimens from various pathologies. A search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar with no language or study type restriction. The keywords orbital biopsy, core biopsy, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and orbit were used, and titles and abstracts were screened for relevance.