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Voinot J, Bedez M. Pretreatments to bonding on enamel and dentin disorders: a systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2024:10.1038/s41432-024-01037-z. [PMID: 39044008 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review focuses on structural anomalies of enamel and dentin such as fluorosis (F), molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), and X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). These pathologies affect up to 31% of the population, posing challenges in the adhesion of direct restorations. The primary objective of this analysis is to examine the survival rate and/or bonding resistance of direct restorations on tissues affected by enamel and dentin disorders in humans. We aim to provide precise clinical recommendations for dentists to choose the appropriate bonding pretreatment for various enamel and dentin disorders. METHODS We systematically searched the medical literature to identify abstracts of interest indexed between 1993 and May 2024, from 4 databases (PubMed, PMC-PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library). The results are reported following the PRISMA statement. The GRADE approach was used to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS The two authors included 27 studies out of the 600 identified. The data extracted from these studies are highly heterogeneous, and the mentioned bonding protocols are all different. 15 articles pertain to F, 7 to MIH, 5 to AI, and none focus on HSPM, dentin disorders and XLH. We identified 12 pretreatments of enamel or dentin (7 for F, 2 for MIH, and 3 for AI), including 3 strong recommendations. Additional studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of certain pretreatments. In developmental enamel defects, the main recommendation we collected is to bond on enamel with an etch-and-rinse technique on F and MIH. Considerations with lower strength of evidence include a deproteinization step on enamel on F, MIH and AI and modifications of the etching parameters on F and AI. The research strategy was registered on the Prospero platform (CRD42023447502).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Voinot
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Odontologie, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maxime Bedez
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Odontologie, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Véliz S, Olivares A, Krämer S. Mini-implant assisted palate expansion and digital design in junctional epidermolysis bullosa and amelogenesis imperfecta: Case report. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39034598 DOI: 10.1111/scd.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is one of the four major types of EB caused by genetic variants in the genes coding the proteins of the lamina lucida. All patients with this major type of EB present syndromic hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), with either a pits and fissures or generalized hypoplastic phenotype. Severe forms of AI are associated with compromised oral health-related quality of life (QoL) mostly due to poor dental aesthetics, dentofacial anomalies, and oral pain. AIM To present the comprehensive dental treatment of a patient with JEB and AI from the age of 20 months until the age of 18 years, including complex orthodontics and digital oral rehabilitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A male patient with intermediate JEB (homozygous c.3228+1G>A LAMB3 variant) has been under the care of the special care dentistry clinic of the University of Chile since the age of 20 months. His complex dental needs include structural enamel abnormalities in primary and permanent dentition (hypoplastic generalized AI), severe dental crowding with maxillary compression, Class III skeletal pattern, agenesia (#45), and gingivitis. RESULTS Pediatric dental care included oral hygiene education and preventive strategies (prophylaxis and fluoride applications), maintaining the dentition free of caries. Due to AI, severe tooth sensitivity hindered proper oral hygiene and required early rehabilitation with temporary polycarbonate and metallic crowns. At the age of 16, the patient began orthodontic treatment. A maxillary expansion was performed with two consecutive mini-implant assisted rapid palate expansion (MARPE) bonded to four mini-implants in the palate. After finishing orthodontic treatment metallic multibrackets (duration 19 months), a definitive oral rehabilitation based on digital smile design with feldspathic crowns of all anterior teeth and premolars was performed. CONCLUSION Patients with severe generalized hypoplastic syndromic AI associated with JEB benefit from long-term preventive oral care. Complex orthodontic techniques, such as MARPE, and multibrackets can be successfully. Digital smile design provides a definitive oral rehabilitation technique improving oral function, aesthetics, and QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Véliz
- Special Care Dentistry Unit, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Susanne Krämer
- Special Care Dentistry Unit, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Hsu JY, Cheng JHC, Feng SW, Lai PC, Yoshida N, Chiang PC. Strategic treatment planning for anterior open bite: A comprehensive approach. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:1328-1337. [PMID: 39035309 PMCID: PMC11259669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anterior open bite (AOB), characterized by the lack of vertical overlap between upper and lower anterior teeth, poses a considerable challenge in orthodontics. The condition depends on many factors that combine to render it difficult to achieve post treatment stability. AOB is commonly classified as dental, skeletal, or functional on the basis of the clinical presentation and causative factors. Traditionally, skeletal AOB necessitates surgical intervention, whereas nonsurgical approaches such as extrusion arches and the Multiloop Edgewise Archwire Technique (MEAW) can be employed in more straightforward cases. Functional appliances are reserved for situations in which a patient's growth potential offers the possibility of effectively addressing AOB. This review presents a strategic treatment approach for addressing AOB, taking into account the classification and severity of the condition. The proposed SHE framework describes the use of mini-screws (S) for anchorage and vertical control, encouragement to correct habits (H), and the utilization of extractions and elastics (E). By incorporating extra-radicular mini-screws, AOB closure is achieved through anterior retraction in extraction cases or whole arch distalization of dentition with elastics in non-extraction cases. This framework emphasizes habit correction through a regimen of oral myofunctional therapy (OMT) and habit-correcting appliances to enhance posttreatment stability. This review suggests that nonsurgical correction is viable in the majority of cases, whereas surgical intervention should be reserved for severe cases of skeletal vertical overgrowth or horizontal discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Yun Hsu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Johnson Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Feng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chuang Lai
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Noriaki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Pao-Chang Chiang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bin Saleh SS. Etiology, Classification, and Restorative Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Among Children and Young Adults: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e49968. [PMID: 38179349 PMCID: PMC10765965 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a rare genetic disorder affecting children and adults. Knowledge about AI is limited to clinical representation and radiographical findings. Various treatments are provided to children with AI, yet no definitive treatment guideline has been suggested in the literature. This scoping review highlights the knowledge of the etiology and classification of AI and synthesizes these findings in a comprehensive review, focusing mainly on the various forms of AI in children and management with a restorative conservative approach. Five electronic databases, namely, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, were searched for the relevant articles. The search was performed in two phases: first for title and abstract, and second for full-text articles. The studies included in this scoping review were published from 2013 to August 2023. The data extraction was done on a customized sheet. A total of 33 studies were included in this review, of which 19 were reports and series, seven were observational, and seven were reviews. Most patients included in this review suffered from the hypoplastic type of AI (54%), followed by hypomatured (36%), and hypocalcified (10%). The treatment modalities explained were divided into the following three phases: temporary, transient, and permanent. Almost all included reports suggested the requirement for guidelines for treating AI among young children. This scoping review suggests the need for guidelines for treating AI in children. Moreover, pediatric dentists should prioritize early diagnosis and treatment and long-term follow-up for AI in children to effectively enhance the patient's psychological well-being and overall quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad S Bin Saleh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
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Dadarwal A, Paliwal J, Sharma V, Jaswal S, Meena R. Full Mouth Rehabilitation Using the Twin Stage Procedure in a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e25512. [PMID: 35800841 PMCID: PMC9246441 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) refers to a group of inherited odontological disorders that alter enamel formation. The AI variant is based on the primary enamel defect, classified as hypoplastic type I, hypo maturation type II, hypo calcification type III, and hypo maturation type IV. AI is commonly linked with the loss of the normal occlusal plane, the loss of the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO), and impaired functions and esthetics. This case report describes the Hobo and Takayama twin-stage procedure for the rehabilitation of a patient with hypoplastic AI.
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Clear Aligners in Patients with Amelogenesis and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Dent 2022; 2021:7343094. [PMID: 34976063 PMCID: PMC8718276 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7343094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) are hereditary abnormalities of dental hard tissues. Dental abnormalities may also be accompanied by symptoms of disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta. AI and DI have a significant burden on socializing, function, and comfort; therefore, frequent screening and accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of managing such conditions. Both AI and DI could be treated with many strategies, including restorative, prosthetic, periodontal, surgical, and orthodontics treatment. The interdisciplinary combination of orthodontic, prosthodontic, and periodontic treatment has been proven to improve the prognosis of AI and DI. Regarding orthodontic treatment, the most difficult element of orthodontic therapy may be maintaining a high level of motivation for what might be a prolonged form of treatment spanning several years. There are many forms of orthodontic management for AI and DI, including removable appliances, functional appliances, and fixed appliances. Clear aligner therapy (CAT) contains a broad range of equipment that works in different ways, has different construction processes, and is compatible with different malocclusion procedures. The application of CAT in patients with AI and DI is favorable over the fixed applicants. However, the available evidence regarding the application of CAT in AI is weak and heterogeneous. In this review, we discussed the current evidence regarding the application of clear CAT in patients with AI and DI.
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Gabardo G, Maciel JVB, Franco A, de Lima AAS, da Costa TRF, Fernandes Â. Radiographic analysis of dental maturation in children with amelogenesis imperfecta: A case-control study. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2020; 40:267-272. [PMID: 32163622 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To assess dental maturation in children with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and compare their estimated dental age with the age of non-AI children. METHODS AND RESULTS Panoramic radiographs of children with (n = 27) and without (n = 54) AI were retrospectively collected in the ratio of 1:2. The former consisted of case group, while the latter figured as control group. Both groups were paired by sex and age (P > .05). Dental maturation was assessed in each radiograph using Demirjian's staging technique and Willems' method. Intra- and interexaminer reproducibility reached >0.8. The mean estimated dental age in subjects with AI was 12.5 ± 2.69 years, while in subjects without AI it was 11.73 ± 2.48 years (P = .21). The comparison of mean chronological (12.26 ± 2.6 years) and estimated dental age (12.5 ± 2.69 years) in subjects with AI did not reveal statistically significant differences (P = .38). CONCLUSION This study highlights the similarity of dental maturation between subjects with and without AI from the radiographic perspective of crown-root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Gabardo
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federa do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ângela Fernandes
- Department of Stomatology, Universidade Federa do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Ortiz L, Pereira AM, Jahangiri L, Choi M. Management of Amelogenesis Imperfecta in Adolescent Patients: Clinical Report. J Prosthodont 2019; 28:607-612. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Ortiz
- Department of ProsthodonticsNew York University College of Dentistry New York NY
| | - Ann Marie Pereira
- Department of ProsthodonticsNova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine Fort Lauderdale FL
| | - Leila Jahangiri
- Department of ProsthodonticsNew York University College of Dentistry New York NY
| | - Mijin Choi
- Department of ProsthodonticsNew York University College of Dentistry New York NY
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Adorno-Farias D, Ortega-Pinto A, Gajardo P, Salazar A, Morales-Bozo I, Werlinger F, Rojas-Flores S, Molina-Berríos A, Echeverría-López S, Jara-Sandoval J, Jara L, Urzúa B. Diversity of clinical, radiographic and genealogical findings in 41 families with amelogenesis imperfecta. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180359. [PMID: 30970114 PMCID: PMC6442841 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of enamel development disorders that alter the structure and chemical composition of the tissue. There is great variability in the clinical presentation; according to Witkop, AI can be categorized into 14 subtypes, which makes its diagnosis extremely complex. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe and determine the frequency of clinical and radiographic features and inheritance patterns found in 41 Chilean families diagnosed with diverse types of AI. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed the clinical records, photographs, pedigrees and radiographs of 121 individuals recruited between 2003 and 2016. All of the information was included in a database that was analyzed using the application Stata 14. RESULTS The 72 affected individuals had average age of 16 years, and no sex association with the presence of AI was found. The most frequent clinical subtypes were as follows: 43% hypomature, 25% hypoplastic, 21% hypomature/hypoplastic, 7% hypocalcified and 4% hypocalcified/hypoplastic. The number of severely affected teeth was 22, which occurred in the patients with hypocalcified and hypocalcified/hypoplasic AI who presented the highest number of damaged teeth. Caries and periodontal disease were found in 47 and 32% of the patients, respectively. Malocclusions were observed in 43% of the individuals with AI, with open bite being the most frequent. Radiographically, the thickness of the enamel decreased in 51% of the patients, and 80% showed decreased radiopacity of the enamel compared to that of dentin. Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern was found in 37% of the families with hypoplastic AI, and autosomal recessive pattern was present in 56% of the other clinical subtypes, but more frequently in those affected with hypomature and hypocalcified AI. CONCLUSION Of the five clinical subtypes, autosomal recessive hypomature, autosomal dominant hypoplastic and autosomal recessive hypomature/hypoplastic AI were the most prevalent subtypes in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Adorno-Farias
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Ortega-Pinto
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Gajardo
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Salazar
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Programa de Magister en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irene Morales-Bozo
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola Werlinger
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sandra Rojas-Flores
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento del Niño y Ortopedia Dentomaxilar, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina-Berríos
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sonia Echeverría-López
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento del Niño y Ortopedia Dentomaxilar, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Jara-Sandoval
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Jara
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Blanca Urzúa
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Odontología, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Santiago, Chile.,U-Odontología: Red de Investigación en Enfermedades Orales Complejas, Santiago, Chile
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Yachuan Z, Xuedong Z, Liwei Z. [Expression and function of microRNAs in enamel development]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2017; 35:328-333. [PMID: 28675021 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous short, noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs are involved in multiple developmental events in various tissues and organs, including dental enamel development. Any disruption during enamel development may result in inherited enamel malformations. This article reviews the expression and function of miRNAs in enamel development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yachuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhou Xuedong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zheng Liwei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Moreira RF, Figueiredo RG, Oliveira HE, Fonseca ACLD, Miranda MSD. Immediate Desensitization in Teeth Affected by Amelogenesis Imperfecta. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:359-62. [PMID: 27224574 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to describe a clinical case of immediate dental desensitization using a self-etch adhesive system in an adolescent patient diagnosed with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). AI was associated with severe tooth sensitivity, treated by the application of a universal adhesive system for desensitization of the teeth affected by AI. Reduction of tooth sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale during all reevaluations. The technique was effective for reducing tooth sensitivity. It was concluded that the adhesive system for tooth desensitization had an immediate effect and maintained its effectiveness during a 12-month follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudá França Moreira
- UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ , Brazil
| | - Rossana Gomes Figueiredo
- UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ , Brazil
| | - Henrique Eduardo Oliveira
- UFF - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro RJ , Brazil
| | - Ana Christina Lamosa da Fonseca
- UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ , Brazil
| | - Mauro Sayão de Miranda
- UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ , Brazil
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Amelogenesis imperfecta: review of diagnostic findings and treatment concepts. Odontology 2016; 104:245-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-016-0266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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