Microwave assisted synthesis, characterization and evaluation for their antimicrobial activities of some novel pyrazole substituted 9-anilino acridine derivatives

Pyrazole Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines as HER2 Inhibitors Targeting Breast Cancer - An In-Silico Approach

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is one of the malignant tumours which mainly affect the female population. Total 20% of the cases of breast cancer are due to overexpression of Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), which is the dominant tyrosine kinase receptor. In general, 9-anilinoacridine derivatives play an important role as antitumor agents due to their DNA-intercalating properties.

OBJECTIVE

Some novel 9-anilinoacridines substituted with pyrazole moiety(1a-z) were designed, and their HER2enzyme (PDB id-3PP0) inhibition activity was evaluated by molecular docking studies using the Glide module of Schrodinger suite 2019-4.

METHODS

Glide module of the Schrodinger suite was used to perform docking studies, qikprop module was used for in-silico ADMET screening, and the Prime-MM-GBSA module was used for free binding energy calculations. Using GLIDE scoring functions, we can determine the binding affinity of ligands (1a-z) towards HER2.

RESULTS

The inhibitory activity of ligands against HER2 was mainly due to the strong hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Almost all the compounds 1a-z have a good binding affinity with Glide scores in the range of -4.9 to -9.75 compared to the standard drugs CK0403(-4.105) and Tamoxifen (-3.78). From the results of in-silico ADMET properties, most of the compounds fall within the recommended values. MM-GBSA binding calculations of the most potent inhibitors are more favourable.

CONCLUSION

The results of in-silico studies provide strong evidence for the consideration of valuable ligands in pyrazole substituted 9-anilinoacridines as potential HER2 inhibitors, and the compounds, 1v,s,r,d, a,o with significant Glide scores may produce significant anti-breast cancer activity for further development.

Activity of phytochemical constituents of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against coronavirus (COVID-19): an in silico approach

Background

In early 2020, many scientists are rushing to discover novel drugs and vaccines against the coronavirus, and treatments for COVID-19, because coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a life-threatening viral disease, affected first in China and quickly spread throughout the world. In this article, in silico studies have been performed to explore the binding modes of chemical constituents for natural remedies like Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata against COVID-19 (PDB ID 5R82) targeting coronavirus using Schrodinger suit 2019-4. The molecular docking studies are performed by the Glide module, in silico ADMET screening was performed by the QikProp module, and binding energy of ligands was calculated using the Prime MM-GB/SA module.

Results

The chemical constituents from turmeric like cyclocurcumin and curcumin and from Andrographis paniculata like andrographolide and dihydroxy dimethoxy flavone are significantly binding with the active site of SARS CoV-2 main protease with Glide score more than − 6 when compared to the currently used drugs hydroxychloroquine (− 5.47) and nelfinavir (− 5.93). When compared to remdesivir (− 6.38), cyclocurcumin from turmeric is significantly more active. The docking results of the compounds exhibited similar mode of interactions with SARS CoV-2. Main protease and the residues THR24, THR25, THR26, LEU27, SER46, MET49, HIE41, GLN189, ARG188, ASP187, MET165, HIE164, PHE181, and THR54 play a crucial role in binding with ligands.

Conclusion

Based on in silico investigations, the chemical constituents from turmeric like cyclocurcumin and curcumin and from Andrographis paniculata like andrographolide and dihydroxy dimethoxy flavone, significantly binding with the active site of SARS CoV-2 main protease, may produce significant activity and be useful for further development.

Identification of some novel oxazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for COVID-19 by molecular docking, free energy calculation and molecular dynamics studies

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a life-threatening disease, is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The targeted therapeutics of small molecules helps the scientific community to fight against SARS-CoV-2. In this article, some oxazine substituted 9-anilinoacridines (A1-A48) was designed by docking, MM-GBSA and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies for their COVID-19 inhibitory activity. The docking of ligands A1-A48 against SARS-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 5R82) are performed by using Glide module, in silico ADMET screening by QikProp module, binding energy using Prime MM-GB/SA module, MD simulation by Desmond module and atomic charges were derived by Jaguar module of Schrodinger suit 2019-4. Compound A38 has the highest G-score (-7.83) when compared to all the standard compounds which are proposed for COVID-19 treatment such as ritonavir (-7.48), lopinavir (-6.94), nelfinavir (-5.93), hydroxychloroquine (-5.47) and mataquine (-5.37). Compounds A13, A23, A18, A7, A48, A46, A32, A20, A1 and A47 are significantly active against SARS-CoV-2 main protease when compared with hydroxychloroquine and mataquine. The residues GLN19, THR24, THR25, THR26, LEU27, HIE41, SER46, MET49, ASN119, ASN142, HIE164, MET165, ASP187, ARG188 and GLN189 of SARS-CoV-2 main protease play a crucial role in binding with ligands. The in silico ADMET properties of the molecules are within the recommended values. The binding free energy was calculated using PRIME MM-GB/SA studies. From the ligands A38, A13, A23, A18, A7, A48 and A46 with significant Glide scores may produce significant COVID-19 activity for further development. Compound A38 was subjected to MD simulation at 100 ns to study the dynamic behaviour of protein-ligand complex.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Novel Thiazine Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines: Synthesis, Antitumour Activity and Structure Activity Relationships

Background:

9-anilinoacridines are acting as DNA-intercalating agents which plays an important role as antitumor drugs, due to their anti-proliferative properties. Some anticancer agents contain 9- anilinoacridines such as amsacrine (m-AMSA), and nitracrine (Ledakrine) have been already developed.

Methods:

In this study, novel 9-anilinoacridines substituted with thiazines 4a-r were designed, synthesized, characterized by physical and spectral data and their cytotoxic activities against DLA cell lines were evaluated.

Results:

Among those compounds, 4b, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o, p, q, r exhibited significant short term in vitro cytotoxic activity against Daltons lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells with CTC50 value of 0.18 to 0.31μM. The compounds 4b, c, e, g, i, j, k, m, o, p, q, r are also exhibited significant long term in vitro anti-tumour activity against human tumor cell lines, HEp-2 (laryngeal epithelial carcinoma) by Sulforhodamine B assay with CTC50 value of 0.20 to 0.39μM. The compounds 4b, i, j exhibited significant in vivo antitumor activity with % Increase in Life Span (ILS) 48-82%.

Conclusion:

Results obtained in this study clearly demonstrated that many of the thiazine substituted 9- anilinoacridines exert interesting anti-tumour activity. The compounds 4b, i, j have significant anti-tumour activity and useful drugs after further refinement. The above derivatives will encourage to design future antitumor agents with high therapeutic potentials.

In-silico Design, ADMET Screening, MM-GBSA Binding Free Energy of Some Novel Isoxazole Substituted 9-Anilinoacridines as HER2 Inhibitors Targeting Breast Cancer

BACKGROUND

Human Epidermal development factor Receptor-2 (HER2) is a membrane tyrosine kinase which is overexpressed and gene amplified in human breast cancers. HER2 amplification and overexpression have been linked to important tumor cell proliferation and survival pathways for 20% of instances of breast cancer. 9-aminoacridines are significant DNA-intercalating agents because of their antiproliferative properties.

OBJECTIVE

Some novel isoxazole substituted 9-anilinoacridines(1a-z) were designed by in-silico technique for their HER2 inhibitory activity. Docking investigations of compounds 1a-z are performed against HER2 (PDB id-3PP0) by using Schrodinger suit 2016-2.

METHODS

Molecular docking study for the designed molecules 1a-z are performed by Glide module, in-silico ADMET screening by QikProp module and binding free energy by Prime-MMGBSA module of Schrodinger suit. The binding affinity of designed molecules 1a-z towards HER2 was chosen based on GLIDE score.

RESULTS

Many compounds showed good hydrophobic communications and hydrogen bonding associations to hinder HER2. The compounds 1a-z, aside from 1z have significant Glide scores in the scope of - 4.91 to - 10.59 when compared with the standard Ethacridine (- 4.23) and Tamoxifen (- 3.78). The in-silico ADMET properties are inside the suggested about drug likeness. MM-GBSA binding of the most intense inhibitor is positive.

CONCLUSION

The outcomes reveal that this study provides evidence for the consideration of isoxazole substituted 9-aminoacridine derivatives as potential HER2 inhibitors. The compounds, 1s,x,v,a,j,r with significant Glide scores may produce significant anti breast cancer activity and further in vitro and in vivo investigations may prove their therapeutic potential.