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Xiang A, Braun AE, Chang C, Swerdloff D, Gross MS, Simhan J. Penoscrotal inflatable penile prosthesis recipients often fully recover from pain at two weeks following placement. Int J Impot Res 2024:10.1038/s41443-024-00871-0. [PMID: 38561424 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-024-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The symptoms and duration of pain following inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgery remains poorly understood. We characterize postoperative pain following penoscrotal 3-piece inflatable penile prosthesis placement in patients managed with a standardized pain management protocol. This is a single-center prospective analysis of 96 virginal penoscrotal 3-piece IPP recipients (9/2019 to 9/2021) excluding patients with chronic pain, IPPs performed with alternative approaches or concomitantly with other surgeries and those with infections. Standardized pain questionnaire was performed by phone on post-operative day (POD) 2, 7, 14, and 30. The primary outcome was self-reported pain scores, measured by pain score 0-10 (0 = no pain, 10 = unbearable, "worst pain you have ever felt") at various locations (incision, penile, scrotal, abdominal) over the first 30 days postoperatively. A majority of pain reported was outside the scrotal area with 67.6% of complaints in the shaft, glans, abdomen and incision. From POD2 to POD30, there was a significant decrease in severe pain from 46.2 to 11.1% (p = 0.05) with an increase in mild pain from 23.1 to 62.4% (p = 0.05). Roughly half of the participants (47.9%, n = 46) reported no pain by POD14. Penoscrotal IPP recipients often fully recover from pain at the two-week period following surgery and those with lingering discomfort predominantly complain of penile shaft and glans pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Xiang
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avery E Braun
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Urology, University California of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chrystal Chang
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Swerdloff
- Department of Urology, Jefferson Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martin S Gross
- Section of Urology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jay Simhan
- Department of Urology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Mani SB, Henry GD, Karpman E. Penile Length Loss After Penile Implant Surgery. J Sex Med 2022; 19:887-889. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Shah T, Wang R. A Review of Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction With Inflatable Penile Prosthesis. Sex Med Rev 2021; 9:350-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this paper is to understand the reasons behind penile length and girth issues after penile prosthesis surgery and review the literature for current strategies employed to decrease these issues. RECENT FINDINGS Measurement inconsistencies triggering further studies have shown there is a real loss of penile length and girth after prosthesis surgery. There have been varying hypotheses of why this happens, and numerous approaches have been proposed to help combat this in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. Erectile dysfunction prevalence is expected to increase; therefore it is important for urologists to understand the treatment options, including prosthesis surgery. Numerous techniques have been hypothesized and studied in smaller settings in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings with regard to prosthetics surgery. However, larger studies are still needed to confirm these findings in order to help to counsel and educate patients preoperatively in addition to employing tactics to help minimize penile shortening.
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Ziegelmann MJ, Farrell MR, Levine LA. Modern treatment strategies for penile prosthetics in Peyronie's disease: a contemporary clinical review. Asian J Androl 2020; 22:51-59. [PMID: 31424027 PMCID: PMC6958979 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_81_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie's disease is a common condition resulting in penile deformity, psychological bother, and sexual dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction is one common comorbid condition seen in men with Peyronie's disease, and its presence significantly impacts treatment considerations. In a man with Peyronie's disease and significant erectile dysfunction who desires the most reliable treatment, penile prosthesis placement should be strongly considered. In some instances, such as those patients with relatively mild curvature, prosthesis placement alone may result in adequate straightening. However, many patients will require additional straightening maneuvers such as manual modeling, penile plication, and tunica albuginea incision with or without grafting. For patients with severe penile shortening, penile length restoration techniques may also be considered. Herein, we provide a comprehensive clinical review of penile prosthesis placement in men with Peyronie's disease. Specifically, we discuss preoperative indications, intraoperative considerations, adjunctive straightening maneuvers, and postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Ryan Farrell
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Laurence A Levine
- Division of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Romero-Otero J, Manfredi C, Ralph D, Osmonov D, Verze P, Castiglione F, Serefoglu EC, Bozzini G, García-Gómez B. Non-invasive and surgical penile enhancement interventions for aesthetic or therapeutic purposes: a systematic review. BJU Int 2020; 127:269-291. [PMID: 32575166 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature in order to investigate the efficacy and safety of surgical and non-invasive penile enhancement procedures for aesthetic and therapeutic purposes. METHODS A systematic search for papers investigating penile enhancement procedures was performed using the MEDLINE database. Articles published from January 2010 to December 2019, written in English, including >10 cases, and reporting objective length and/or girth outcomes, were included. Studies without primary data and conference abstracts were excluded. The main outcome measure was objective length and/or girth improvement. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. RESULTS Out of 220 unique records, a total of 57 were reviewed. Eighteen studies assessed interventions for penile enhancement in 1764 healthy men complaining of small penis. Thirty-nine studies investigated 2587 men with concomitant pathologies consisting mostly of Peyronie's disease and erectile dysfunction. Twenty-five studies evaluated non-invasive interventions and 32 studies assessed surgical interventions, for a total of 2192 and 2159 men, respectively. Non-invasive interventions, including traction therapies and injection of fillers, were safe and mostly efficacious, whereas surgical interventions were associated with minor complications and mostly increased penile dimensions and/or corrected penile curvature. Overall, the quality of studies was low, and standardized criteria to evaluate and report efficacy and safety of procedures, as well as patient satisfaction, were missing. CONCLUSION The quality of the studies on penile enhancement procedures published in the last decade is still low. This prevents us from establishing recommendations based on scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of interventions that are performed to increase the penis size for aesthetic or therapeutic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Romero-Otero
- Urology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Urology Department, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celeste Manfredi
- Urology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences, and Odontostomatology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - David Ralph
- Institute of Urology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Daniar Osmonov
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Paolo Verze
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Fabio Castiglione
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ege Can Serefoglu
- Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Giorgio Bozzini
- Department of Urology, ASST Valle Olona, Busto A. Lombardia, Italy
| | - Borja García-Gómez
- Urology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Urology Department, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Madrid, Spain
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Panuganti S, Kannady C, Wang R. Expanding the Limits-Improving Penile Length With Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Implantation: A Review. Sex Med Rev 2020; 9:498-506. [PMID: 32863198 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction is a multifactorial disorder that increases in prevalence as men age. When medical therapy fails or when men are unwilling to try it, surgical intervention becomes the urologist's next best tool. However, the loss of penile length is of great concern to many patients, and there have been a myriad of ways to try to combat this fear from both patients and the surgeons themselves. In this review, we evaluate the current literature of these various approaches to improve penile length in penile prosthesis surgery. OBJECTIVES To review novel techniques in penile prosthesis implantation surgery. METHODS A literature search using PubMed was conducted to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies to penile prosthesis surgery. Search terms included penile prosthesis, penile shortening, sliding technique, Peyronie's Disease, erectile dysfunction, nondegloving, penile length, and Multiple Slice Technique. RESULTS Novel techniques included preoperative techniques such as use of vacuum-assisted erection device, intraoperative techniques of aggressive dilatation and maximal sizing, ventral phalloplasty and/or scrotoplasty, suprapubic fat pad excision, relaxing tunica albuginea incisions, a sliding or slicing technique, or the postoperative use of penile rehabilitation. In addition, recognizing recall bias or inconsistencies in measurement techniques is important when evaluating men with possible penile shortening after penile prosthesis surgery. CONCLUSIONS Advancements in surgical techniques and managing patient expectations can be crucial in the success of penile prosthesis surgery. Panuganti S, Kannady C, Wang R, Expanding the Limits-Improving Penile Length With Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Implantation: A Review. Sex Med Rev 2021;9:498-506.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher Kannady
- Department of Surgery, Divison of Urology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Run Wang
- Department of Surgery, Divison of Urology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Krishnappa P, Srini VS, Shah R, Lentz AC, Garaffa G, Martinez-Salamanca JI, Moncada I. Cadaveric Penile Prosthesis Workshop training improves surgical confidence levels of urologists: South Asian Society for Sexual Medicine course survey. Int J Urol 2020; 27:1032-1037. [PMID: 32776406 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the impact of South Asia's first cadaveric hands-on workshop on urologists' training in inflatable penile prosthesis surgery. METHODS A total of 72 urologists/andrologists participated in the 2019 South Asian Society for Sexual Medicine Pre-congress Penile Prosthesis hands-on workshop. The workshop included 4 h of lectures and 2 h of hands-on cadaveric laboratory experience using three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used on self-rated procedural confidence levels, which proved the normality. A non-parametric McNemar test was used to examine the change in the number of correct answers. RESULTS Of those who attended the cadaver laboratory, just 45 who answered the survey both before and after the workshop were included for analysis. Significant objective improvements were noted in procedural knowledge test scores (44.30 ± 0.027 vs 72.44 ± 0.024, P < 0.05) and median surgical confidence levels (4 vs 3 and 2, P < 0.001) of the urologists after the completion of the workshop. CONCLUSIONS Cadaveric hands-on workshop training improves urologists' procedural knowledge and surgical confidence levels in carrying out three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis surgery. The feasibility of such workshops should be considered in increasing the surgical expertise of general urologists in prosthetic urology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Krishnappa
- Andrology Division, Department of Urology, NU Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| | - Vasan S Srini
- Department of Andrology, Ankur Healthcare, Bangalore, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Andrology, Lilavati Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Aaron C Lentz
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Duke University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Giulio Garaffa
- Department of Urology, University College of London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Juan Ignacio Martinez-Salamanca
- Department of Urology, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital, Lyx Institute of Urology, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moncada
- Department of Urology and Robotic Surgery, University Hospital La Zarzuela, Madrid, Spain
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9
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“Make it as long as you can, Doc.” Concomitant surgical treatments with penile implant to enhance penile size. Int J Impot Res 2020; 33:587-595. [DOI: 10.1038/s41443-020-0306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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10
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Gamidov S, Shatylko T, Gasanov N, Scherbakov D, Li K, Sukhikh G. Long-term outcomes of surgery for Peyronie's disease: focus on patient satisfaction. Int J Impot Res 2020; 33:332-338. [PMID: 32366986 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-020-0297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Immediate outcomes of surgery for Peyronie's disease (PD) are fairly easy to analyze. However, it is the patient-reported long-term outcomes which eventually determine the success of PD treatment. The goal of this observational study was to evaluate patients' satisfaction with results of surgical treatment for PD at long-term follow-up. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who were completely satisfied with their erectile function and penile appearance. We retrospectively identified 374 patients who underwent surgery for PD (median follow-up: 9.5 years) and attempted to invite them for follow-up visit; 342 patients were available for follow-up. Only 285 (83.3%) were sexually active. Among all patients, 197 (57.6%) were completely satisfied with penile appearance; among sexually active patients, 139 (40.6%) were completely satisfied with their erections. Only 101 patients (29.5%) were completely satisfied with penile appearance and erectile function. Logistic regression analysis revealed preoperative IIEF-EF score (OR = 1.668 per 1 point; 95% CI 1.469-1.894), tunica albuginea plication (OR = 5.599; 95% CI = 1.014-30.92), use of saphenous vein (OR = 8.517; 95% CI = 2.491-29.115), and cadaveric pericardium (OR = 61.388; 95% CI = 7.674-491.11) as significant predictors of satisfaction with erectile function. Severity of curvature (OR = 0.926 per 5°; 95% CI = 0.907-0.946) and tunica plication (OR = 0.117; 95% CI = 0.019-0.738) were negative predictors of satisfaction with penile appearance. Preoperative IIEF-EF (OR = 1.497 per 1 point; 95% CI = 1.322-1.694), severity of penile curvature (OR = 0.967 per 5°; 95% CI = 0.95-0.983), and use of pericardium allograft (OR = 10.728; 95% CI = 1.363-84.46) were predictors of both endpoints (satisfaction with erectile function and cosmesis). Despite excellent surgical outcomes in PD, patients' satisfaction with penile appearance and erectile function is far from absolute and depends on many patient-related and treatment-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safar Gamidov
- Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Taras Shatylko
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natig Gasanov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Scherbakov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Li
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennadiy Sukhikh
- Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russia
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Osmonov D, Christopher AN, Blecher GA, Falcone M, Soave A, Dahlem R, Czeloth K, Bannowsky A, Matanes E, Ward S, Martínez-Salamanca JI, Bettocchi C, Garaffa G, Reisman Y, Corona G. Clinical Recommendations From the European Society for Sexual Medicine Exploring Partner Expectations, Satisfaction in Male and Phalloplasty Cohorts, the Impact of Penile Length, Girth and Implant Type, Reservoir Placement, and the Influence of Comorbidities and Social Circumstances. J Sex Med 2020; 17:210-237. [PMID: 31812683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, several aspects of inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) surgical procedure have been poorly studied. AIM The aim of this study was to review the evidence associated with IPP implantation and provide clinical recommendations on behalf of the European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM). Overall, 130 peer-reviewed studies and systematic reviews, which were published from 2007-2018 in the English language, were included. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and open-label prospective and retrospective studies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The panel provided statements exploring patients and partner expectations, satisfaction in male and phalloplasty cohorts, the impact of penile length, girth and implant type, reservoir placement, the influence of comorbidities, and social circumstances. Levels of evidence were provided according to the Oxford 2011 criteria and graded as for the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine recommendations. RESULTS In the preoperative setting, it is fundamental to identify and interact with difficult patients with the intention of enhancing the surgeon's ability to establish the surgeon-patient relationship, reduce physical and legal risk, as well as enhancing patient satisfaction. To address this need, the mnemonic Compulsive, Unrealistic, Revision, Surgeon Shopping, Entitled, Denial, and Psychiatric ("CURSED") has been suggested to identify patients who are at high risk of dissatisfaction. The current recommendations suggest improving glycemic control in patients with diabetes. Available evidence suggests evaluating transplant recipients with the criteria of Barry, consisting of stable graft function for >6 months, avoidance of intra-abdominal reservoir placement, and low-dose immunosuppression. HIV status does not represent a contraindication for surgery. Smoking, peripheral vascular disease, and hypertension may be associated with an increased risk of revision surgery. Patients with spinal cord injury may receive IPP. Patients aged ≥70 years, as well as obese patients, can be offered IPP. The IPP implantation can be performed in patients with stable Peyronie's disease. Ectopic high submuscular reservoir placement can be considered as an alternative method. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS There is a relevant lack of high-level data and definite conclusions in certain areas remain difficult to draw. STRENGTH & LIMITATIONS All studies have been evaluated by a panel of experts providing recommendations for clinical practice. Because of lack of sufficient prospective data, some of the included studies are retrospective and this could be stated as a limitation. CONCLUSION This ESSM position statement provides recommendations on optimization of patient outcome by patient selection, and individualized peri- and intra-operative management. ESSM encourages centers to collaborate and to create prospective, multicenter registries in order to address this topic of increasing importance. Osmonov D, Christopher AN, Blecher GA, et al. Clinical Recommendations from the European Society for Sexual Medicine Exploring Partner Expectations, Satisfaction in Male and Phalloplasty Cohorts, the Impact of Penile Length, Girth and Implant Type, Reservoir Placement, and the Influence of Comorbidities and Social Circumstances. J Sex Med 2020;17:210-237.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniar Osmonov
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Andrew Nim Christopher
- Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals & St Peters Andrology Centre, London, UK
| | - Gideon A Blecher
- Department of Urology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marco Falcone
- Department of Urology, University of Turin - Cittàdella Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Armin Soave
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Dahlem
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karen Czeloth
- Vitus Prostata Center Offenbach, Prof. Stehling Institut für bildgebende Diagnostik, Germany
| | | | - Emad Matanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel and Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sam Ward
- Department of Urology, Clinique Saint Jean, Brussels; Medicis Medical Center, Woluwe, Belgium
| | - Juan Ignacio Martínez-Salamanca
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda Lyx Institute of Urology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlo Bettocchi
- Department of Urology, University of Bari, Bari, Apulia, Italy
| | - Giulio Garaffa
- The Institute of Urology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Yacov Reisman
- Department of Urology, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Medical Department, AziendaUsl Bologna Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Commentary on posteroperative vaccuum therapy following AMS LGX 700 inflatable penile prosthesis placement: penile dimension outcomes and overall satisfaction : Is there a benefit to adjunctive vacuum therapy after penile prosthesis placement? Int J Impot Res 2019; 32:142-143. [PMID: 31474752 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-019-0191-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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