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Chik C, Larroque AL, Zhuang Y, Feinstein S, Smith DL, Andonian S, Ryan AK, Jean-Claude B, Gupta IR. A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)- and Mass Spectrometry (MS)-Based Saturation Kinetics Model of a Bryophyllum pinnatum Decoction as a Treatment for Kidney Stones. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5280. [PMID: 38791318 PMCID: PMC11121557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum (BP) is a medicinal plant used to treat many conditions when taken as a leaf juice, leaves in capsules, as an ethanolic extract, and as herbal tea. These preparations have been chemically analyzed except for decoctions derived from boiled green leaves. In preparation for a clinical trial to validate BP tea as a treatment for kidney stones, we used NMR and MS analyses to characterize the saturation kinetics of the release of metabolites. During boiling of the leaves, (a) the pH decreased to 4.8 within 14 min and then stabilized; (b) regarding organic acids, citric and malic acid were released with maximum release time (tmax) = 35 min; (c) for glycoflavonoids, quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Q-3O-ArRh), myricetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (M-3O-ArRh), kappinatoside, myricitrin, and quercitrin were released with tmax = 5-10 min; and (d) the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) reached a tmax at 55 min and 61 min, respectively. In summary, 24 g of leaves boiled in 250 mL of water for 61 min ensures a maximal release of key water-soluble metabolites, including organic acids and flavonoids. These metabolites are beneficial for treating kidney stones because they target oxidative stress and inflammation and inhibit stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candus Chik
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Larroque
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Shane Feinstein
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Donald L. Smith
- Plant Science Department, McDonald Campus, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Sero Andonian
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Division of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Aimee K. Ryan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Bertrand Jean-Claude
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Indra R. Gupta
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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Oswal M, Varghese R, Zagade T, Dhatrak C, Sharma R, Kumar D. Dietary supplements and medicinal plants in urolithiasis: diet, prevention, and cure. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7148056. [PMID: 37130140 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urolithiasis has been a major health concern for centuries, primarily owing to the limited treatment options in the physician's armamentarium. However, various studies have underscored a lesser incidence of urolithiasis in cohorts predominantly consuming fruits and vegetables. This article aims to review various dietary plants, medicinal herbs and phytochemicals in the prevention and management of urolithiasis. METHODS To provide context and evidence, relevant publications were identified on Google Scholar, PubMed and Science-Direct using keywords such as urolithiasis, nephrolithiasis, urolithiasis, renal stones, phytochemicals and dietary plants. RESULTS Growing bodies of evidence suggest the incorporation of plant-based foods, medicinal and herbal supplements, and crude drugs containing phytochemicals into the staple diet of people. The anti-urolithiatic activity of these plant bioactives can be attributed to their antioxidant, antispasmodic, diuretic, and inhibitory effect on the crystallization, nucleation and crystal aggregation effects. These mechanisms would help alleviate the events and symptoms that aid in the development and progression of renal calculi. In addition, it will also avoid the exacerbation of secondary disorders like inflammation and injury, which can initiate a vicious circle in turn worsening the disease progression. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results presented in the review demonstrate the promising role of various dietary plants, medicinal and herbal supplements, and phytochemicals in preventing and managing the precipitation of uroliths. However, more conclusive and cogent evidence from preclinical and clinical studies is required to substantiate their safety, efficacy and toxicity profiles in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitul Oswal
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Ryan Varghese
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Tanmay Zagade
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Chetan Dhatrak
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune Maharashtra, 411038, India
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Dhiman V, Kondal N, Prashant. Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract mediated ZnO nanoparticles with prodigious potential for solar driven photocatalytic degradation of industrial contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114751. [PMID: 36370810 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In an era of environment-friendly development plant extract-based biological techniques for synthesizing nanoparticles have gained a lot of attention over traditionally famous chemical and physical synthesis techniques. In the present study we have synthesized biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (BPLE-ZnO NPs) using Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract, compared its native properties and solar-driven photocatalytic activity with chemically prepared ZnO nanoparticles (Chem-ZnO NPs). In order to characterize and compare the Chem-ZnO and BPLE-ZnO, various techniques were used, including UV-visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffractrometry, photoluminescence spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. The results revealed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO, with no significant difference between the two methods; however, the use of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract in ZnO NPs synthesis resulted in reduced size, presence of biomolecules on its surface and better monodispersity than purely chemical synthesis. Further, the BPLE-ZnO NPs showed better efficiency in the solar-driven photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye compared to Chem-ZnO NPs. Under solar exposure at a dose of 0.50 mg/mL BPLE-ZnO, resulted in 97.31% photodegradation with a rate constant of 0.06 min-1 of 20 mg/L MB solution within just 60 min which was 9.51% higher compared to the Chem-ZnO NPs. The BPLE-ZnO NPs were also employed to investigate their solar-driven photocatalytic performance for degrading the pharmaceutical (Metronidazole and Amoxycillin) and textile pollutants (Methyl orange dye) under sunlight. The results show that Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf extract-mediated ZnO NPs have an excellent potential in solar-based photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Dhiman
- Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India; Govt. College Dhaliara, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Kondal
- Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Prashant
- Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Bio-fabrication of Bio-inspired Silica Nanomaterials from Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf for Agricultural Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4266-4277. [PMID: 35666380 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A green chemistry approach was employed to synthesize silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) using aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum leaf as capping agents. The novelty of this study was to produce silica nanoparticles using the biological method. An analysis of the physicochemical properties of formed nanoparticles was successfully completed through sophisticated characterization methods, such as UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, zeta potential analysis, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. All the characterization results indicated their spherical morphology and amorphous nature with an average size of 24 nm. FT-IR results highlighted the key bioactive compounds that could be responsible for capping and reducing the formation of SiNPs. Synthesized SiNPs show excellent stability with a negative zeta potential value of - 32 mV. The biomolecules from B. pinnatum were successfully working for the formation of Si NPs with spherical shapes. Moreover, to assess the agricultural application, green-synthesized SiNPs were carried out by seed germination assay on Vigna radiata. The seed germination assay confirms that a low concentration of SiNPs enhances seed germination. Meanwhile, a higher concentration of the SiNPs inhibits seed germination and shoot, and root formation. SiNPs at optimum concentration could be used in the agriculture field as nano growth promoters.
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Ogidigo JO, Anosike CA, Joshua PE, Ibeji CU, Nwanguma BC, Nwodo OFC. Neuroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum flavonoids against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 32:243-258. [PMID: 34663170 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1995557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Toxic metals such as aluminum accumulation in the brain have been associated with the pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative disorders. Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves contain a vast array of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids, that may play a role in the prevention of toxic and degenerative effects in the brain. This study assessed the neuro-restorative potential of leaves of B. pinnatum enriched flavonoid fraction (BPFRF) in aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurotoxicity was induced in male Wistar rats by oral administration of 150 mg/kg body weight of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) for 21 days. Rats were grouped into five (n = 6); Control (untreated), Rivastigmine group, AlCl3 group and BPFRF group (50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 21 days. Neuronal changes in the hippocampus and cortex were biochemically and histologically evaluated. Expression patterns of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mRNA were assessed using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction protocols. Molecular interactions of BPFRF compounds were investigated in silico. The results revealed that oral administration of BPFRF ameliorated oxidative imbalance by augmenting antioxidant systems and decreasing lipid peroxidation caused by AlCl3. BPFRF administration also contributed to the down-regulation of AChE mRNA transcripts and improved histological features in the hippocampus and cortex. Molecular docking studies revealed strong molecular interactions between BPFRF compounds, catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase Overall, these findings suggest the neuroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Oloaigbe Ogidigo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Bio-resources Centre Abuja, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Chioma Assumpta Anosike
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Parker Elijah Joshua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Collins U Ibeji
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Bennett C Nwanguma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Okwesili Fred Chiletugo Nwodo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Biochemistry, Mkar University, Benue State, Nigeria
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Dighade R, Ingole R, Ingle P, Gade A, Hajare S, Ingawale M. Nephroprotective effect of Bryophyllum pinnatum-mediated silver nanoparticles in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rat. IET Nanobiotechnol 2021; 15:266-276. [PMID: 34694671 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A large population is suffering from multifactorial urolithiasis worldwide with a reoccurrence rate of almost 70%-80% in males and 47%-60% in females. In the present study, the nephroprotective effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesised by Bryophyllum pinnatum was evaluated in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rat. B. pinnatum-mediated AgNPs which were found to be spherical and polydispersed particles with an average size of 32.65 nm determined by transmission electron microscopy analysis, and showing an absorption peak at 432 nm by the UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis, revealing the role of hydroxyl group in the synthesis by Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy analysis, with a zeta potential value of -15.7 mV. The crystalline nature and fcc structure was demonstrated based on X-ray diffraction analysis. Animal study was performed on 36 male Wistar rats divided into six equal groups, which demonstrated significant increase in serum total protein, albumin and globulin and significant decrease in AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN, calcium and phosphorus in group V and VI when compared with group II and IV. No crystalluria was observed in rats given B. pinnatum AgNPs. Histopathological observations in group V and VI showed mild degenerative changes and restoration or maintenance of kidney parenchyma when compared with group II and IV rats. Thus, the authors conclude with the beneficial preventive and therapeutic nephroprotective effect of B. pinnatum-mediated AgNPs against ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Dighade
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ranjit Ingole
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pramod Ingle
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aniket Gade
- Department of Biotechnology, Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Hajare
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, Maharashtra, India
| | - Maheshkumar Ingawale
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Post Graduate Institute of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Akola, Maharashtra, India
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Aryan, Ruby, Mehata MS. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Kalanchoe pinnata leaves (life plant) and their antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Hosomi JK, Facina ADS, Simões MDJ, Nakamura MU. Effects of Bryophyllum pinnatum Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy: Biochemical and Histological Aspects. Complement Med Res 2021; 29:35-42. [PMID: 34237738 DOI: 10.1159/000517508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bryophyllum pinnatum is widely used in folk medicine. It has neuropharmacological, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects, among others. It also acts on uterine contractility. It is prescribed by practitioners of anthroposophic medicine for preterm labor, insomnia, and emotional disorders, and has other potential uses in obstetrics. As all drugs currently used in preterm labor have side effects, new tocolytic agents remain an area of active research. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of B. pinnatum mother tincture (MT) on albino rats and their offspring throughout pregnancy from a biochemical and histological standpoint. METHODS Longitudinal, prospective, randomized controlled bioassay. This is the second stage of a trial that investigated 60 animals distributed across six equal groups: controls C1 and C2, which received 1 and 25 times the vehicle dose (30% ethanol), B1 and B2 (1- and 25-fold doses of B. pinnatum MT), and B3 and B4 (which received 50- and 100-fold doses of B. pinnatum concentrate). At this stage, blood chemistry parameters (glucose, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen) were measured in dams, as well as histological aspects of dam liver, kidney, placenta, and uterine tissue and fetal liver, kidney, heart, and brain. RESULTS No differences were found between group B1 (therapeutic dose) and its control C1 in relation to glucose, AST, ALT, and creatinine. Group B2 exhibited lower glucose levels than groups C1, B3, and B4. There was no difference in AST across groups. Groups B3 and B4 exhibited higher ALT levels than groups C1 and B1. Groups B1-B4 exhibited higher urea nitrogen levels than group C1. Creatinine levels were higher in groups B2 and B3 than group C1. On morphological evaluation, fatty infiltration of the liver was observed in the alcoholic vehicle control groups (C1 and C2). CONCLUSIONS Daily administration of B. pinnatum at therapeutic doses (group B1) to pregnant albino rats appears to be safe, with reduced glucose at dose B2, elevated ALT at doses B3 and B4, and increased urea at doses B1 to B4 and creatinine at B2 and B3, but never exceeding the normal reference range. It was not associated with histological changes in specimens of the maternal or fetal structures of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Kioshi Hosomi
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anamaria da Silva Facina
- Department of Dermatology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mary Uchiyama Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Oyetayo FL, Akomolafe SF, Osesanmi TJ. Effect of dietary inclusion of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L) seed on nephrotoxicity occasioned by cisplatin in experimental rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13439. [PMID: 32808341 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L) seed (raw and roasted) on nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin in rats. Rats were divided into control group, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxic untreated group, nephrotoxic-treated groups with Methimazole, dietary regimen containing raw pumpkin seed (5% and 10%) and roasted pumpkin seed (5% and 10%) for 14 days. Results acquired uncovered that cisplatin intoxication significantly increased (p ≤ .05) the levels of renal biomarkers, arginase activity, 8-hydroxy-21-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as well as significant decrease in functional sulfhydryl groups, nitric oxide levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities in rats' kidney when compared to the control group. These adverse changes, due to cisplatin inebriation in rodents, were in any case, forestalled by pre-treatment with pumpkin seed inclusive diet. This holds promise for the use of pumpkin seed as a food supplement in the management of nephrotoxic-related disorders. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: These results suggest that roasted pumpkin seed appears to be more nephroprotective than the raw pumpkin seed through regulations of arginase activity, enhancement in the antioxidant system, suppression of renal markers and lipid peroxidation. This holds p-omise for the use of roasted pumpkin seed as a food supplement in the management nephrotoxic-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake L Oyetayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Seun F Akomolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Tope J Osesanmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
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Genotoxicity studies with an ethanolic extract of Kalanchoe pinnata leaves. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 856-857:503229. [PMID: 32928369 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Kalanchoe pinnata is a medicinal plant, used mainly in African, Brazilian, and Indian traditional medicine for the treatment of several human disorders. Whole leaf extracts, crude juice of the leaves, and aqueous and organic extracts of the leaves are used. Over the last decade, ethanolic extracts have become the most popular form of Kalanchoe medicinal preparation. In this study, an ethanolic extract of this plant leaf was tested in a battery of standard regulatory genetic toxicology tests. This extract did not induce reverse mutations in the Salmonella/microsome assay but induces a weak genotoxic response in the mouse lymphoma assay and the in vivo micronucleus assay in mice. Our results indicate that this material may cause DNA damage, and its use should be restricted.
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Ambu G, Chaudhary RP, Mariotti M, Cornara L. Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants by Ethnic People in the Kavrepalanchok District, Central Nepal. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060759. [PMID: 32560543 PMCID: PMC7356508 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In rural areas of Nepal, where it is difficult to get access to Government health care facilities, people depend on medicinal plants and local healers for health problems. This study concerns an ethnobotanical survey of the Kavrepalanchok District, reporting some unusual uses of medicinal plants and original recipes. A total of 32 informants were interviewed, 24 of them being key informants. Ethnobotanical uses concerned 116 taxa, of which 101 were medicinal plants, with the most representative species belonging to Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Zingiberaceae. Ethnobotanical indexes were used to evaluate the ethnopharmacological importance of each plant species and the degree of agreement among the informants’ knowledge. Informant consensus factor (Fic) showed that the fever category had the greatest agreement. Highest fidelity level (FL) values were found for Calotropis gigantea used for dermatological diseases, Drymaria cordata for fever, Mangifera indica and Wrightia arborea for gastrointestinal disorders. Data document the richness of the local flora and the traditional knowledge on medicinal plant species used by ethnic communities in rural areas. The active involvement of local populations in the conservation and management of medicinal plant species will encourage future projects for the sustainable development of the biological and cultural diversity of these rural areas of Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ambu
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Ram Prasad Chaudhary
- Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, 44613 Kathmandu, Nepal;
| | - Mauro Mariotti
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.A.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +39-010-209-9364
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Kalanchoe laciniata and Bryophyllum pinnatum: an updated review about ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zeng X, Xi Y, Jiang W. Protective roles of flavonoids and flavonoid-rich plant extracts against urolithiasis: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2125-2135. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1439880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangquan Zeng
- Bioengineering Department, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghua Donglu No. 17, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Xi
- Bioengineering Department, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghua Donglu No. 17, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Bioengineering Department, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Qinghua Donglu No. 17, Beijing, PR China
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Bryophyllum pinnatum inhibits arginase II activity and prevents oxidative damage occasioned by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Cheraft-Bahloul N, Husson C, Ourtioualous M, Sinaeve S, Atmani D, Stévigny C, Nortier JL, Antoine MH. Protective Effects of Pistacia lentiscus L. fruit extract against calcium oxalate monohydrate induced proximal tubular injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 209:248-254. [PMID: 28716570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The world prevalence of kidney stones is increasing and plants are frequently used to treat urolithiasis. Pistacia lentiscus L, a plant which freely grows around the Mediterranean basin areas, is widely used for various pathologies. P. lentiscus has an important impact as it has economical value on top of its pharmacological interest. Decoctions of its aerial parts and/or resin are used to treat kidney stones. AIM OF THE STUDY To in vitro assess the potential nephroprotective effect of Pistacia lentiscus ethanolic fruit extract (PLEF) on proximal tubular cells in response to the adhesion of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human Kidney [HK]-2 cells were incubated with and without COM in the presence or absence of PLEF. Cell viability was measured by the resazurin assay. The expression of E-cadherin was analyzed by PCR. The extracellular production of H2O2 was measured by Amplex® Red H2O2 Assay. The numbers of detached or non-adherent COM crystals in the presence of PLEF were microscopically captured and counted using ImageJ software. The interaction of PLEF with COM and the effect of PLEF on crystal size were analyzed by flow cytometry. The spectrophotometric measurement of turbidity was performed for assessing the COM concentration. RESULTS PLEF incubated with COM was able to increase the cell viability. The decrease of E-cadherin expression after incubation with COM was counteracted by PLEF. Overproduction of H2O2 induced by COM was also inhibited by PLEF. Observations using flow cytometry showed that interactions between PLEF and the COM crystals occurred. PLEF was also effective in reducing the particles size and in lowering COM concentration. CONCLUSION Our data show that COM tubulotoxicity can be significantly reversed by PLEF -at least in part- via an inhibition of COM crystals adhesion onto the apical membrane. This early beneficial effect of PLEF needs to be further investigated as a useful strategy in nephrolithiasis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Cheraft-Bahloul
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algérie
| | - Cécile Husson
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Meriam Ourtioualous
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Sinaeve
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Djebbar Atmani
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algérie
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Bromatology and Human Nutrition, Department of Biopharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joëlle L Nortier
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Hélène Antoine
- Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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