Effect of Yoga on anxiety, depression and self-esteem in orphanage residents: A pilot study

Therapeutic role of yoga in neuropsychological disorders

Yoga is considered a widely-used approach for health conservation and can be adopted as a treatment modality for a plethora of medical conditions, including neurological and psychological disorders. Hence, we reviewed relevant articles entailing various neurological and psychological disorders and gathered data on how yoga exerts positive impacts on patients with a diverse range of disorders, including its modulatory effects on brain bioelectrical activities, neurotransmitters, and synaptic plasticity. The role of yoga practice as an element of the treatment of several neuropsychological diseases was evaluated based on these findings.

Intervention Model for Orphan’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: As many as, 45% of orphaned children and adolescents living in orphanages experience behavioral and emotional problems. Several literature reviews on the intervention of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents have been widely conducted. However, there is paucity in the reviews of emotional and behavioral problem interventions in the orphan group based on the type of group approach used in published articles. AIM: This study aimed to synthesize the results on the interventions of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents aged 7–20 years who live in institutions or orphanages. METHODS: This research was a scoping review. This review used three databases comprising PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Library Online. The inclusion criteria were experimental research designs and cohort studies, published in the 2009–2019, discussed emotional and behavioral problem’s intervention in orphan, and written in English. The exclusion criteria were that the research subjects had severe mental and psychosocial disorders such as autism, mental retardation, and mental disorders. The authors used three categories of keywords; the first keyword and its synonym were “intervention, treatment.” The second keyword focused on behavioral problems, which was “behavioral difficulties,” and the third keyword focuses on population and place, “orphan, institutions orphans, orphanages.” The article selection stage is described in detail in the flow diagram of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The critical appraisal stage used the checklist from Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Ten articles were found and selected for review. The main emotional and behavioral problems experienced by orphan children and adolescents include depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem, feelings of anger, and trauma. Other problems related, functional disorders, life satisfaction, the probability of suicide, and early (prodromal) symptoms of psychosis, also arise. There were six types of interventions given to overcome emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents, but the interventions that are most often given are cognitive therapy, educational support, complementary, and alternative medicine. The approaches in groups that are often used in this review are the support group and the teaching-learning group. The combination of two or more approaches in one intervention can increase the success or effectiveness in overcoming emotional and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS: Depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, feeling anger, and trauma are main problems for orphans. To address these emotional and behavior problems, it is necessary to combine several interventions and a combination of group-based approaches.

Peer victimization and its relationship to self-esteem in children with mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning in regular and special schools: An exploratory study in urban Bengaluru

The Research in the field of mental health and educational needs of children with intellectual disabilities has increased over the years. However, the focus on milder disabilities such as mild intellectual disability and borderline intellectual functioning (MBID; intelligence quotient: 50-85) is still limited. The current study aimed at understanding peer victimization and its relationship to the self-esteem of children with MBID in regular and special schools. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design with a sample of 40 children who met the inclusion criteria. On analysis, the results showed that peer victimization was more common in regular schools (U = 51, p ≤ 0.001), wherein the peer victimization had a significant negative correlation with their self-esteem (r = -0.536, p ≤ 0.001). Overall, the findings implied the need for promotion of inclusive education in regular schools by sensitization against peer victimization of children with disabilities.

A study on effect of yoga on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of adolescents

Background:

The present study has investigated the effect of yoga on the emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of the adolescents.

Methods:

The participants of the study are 110 students aged 13–18 years and studying in the senior secondary schools of Mandi district (Himachal Pradesh). The sample consisted of 52 adolescents practicing yoga and 58 adolescents who have never practiced yoga. The primary data has been collected through standardized instruments.

Results:

The adolescents practicing yoga were noted to significantly differ from the non-yoga group on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feeling components.

Conclusions:

The significant effect of yoga on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of the adolescents calls for attention of the policy makers for initiating yoga at the school levels through standardized yoga curricula and training teachers to motivate and inspire the students to learn and practice yoga at an early age.

Yoga as an Intervention for the Reduction of Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of yoga for the reduction of symptoms of anxiety and depression in youth. To our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews to date looking at the reduction of symptoms of both anxiety and depression. Methods: Numerous scientific databases were searched up to November 2018 for experimental studies assessing changes in symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in youths following yoga interventions. Quality and level of evidence were assessed, and information was synthesized across studies. Results: Twenty-seven studies involving youth with varying health statuses were reviewed. Intervention characteristics varied greatly across studies revealing multiple factors that may impact intervention efficacy, however 70% of the studies overall showed improvements. For studies assessing anxiety and depression, 58% showed reductions in both symptoms, while 25% showed reductions in anxiety only. Additionally, 70% of studies assessing anxiety alone showed improvements and 40% of studies only assessing depression showed improvements. Conclusion: The studies reviewed, while of weak to moderate methodological quality, showed that yoga, defined by the practice of postures, generally leads to some reductions in anxiety and depression in youth regardless of health status and intervention characteristics.