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Chakraborty S, Naskar TK, Basu BR. Vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, and antimüllerian hormone level: a tale of trio in the expression of polycystic ovary syndrome. F&S SCIENCE 2024:S2666-335X(24)00031-4. [PMID: 38876205 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between altered vitamin D profiles and different indices as well as clinical features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including antimüllerian hormone (AMH) levels, phenotypes (A [hyperandrogenism {HA} + ovulatory dysfunction {OD} + polycystic ovarian morphology {PCOM}], B [HA + OD], C [HA + PCOM], and D [OD + PCOM]), insulin resistance, oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, obesity indices, and stress biomarkers in the ethnic population of West Bengal. DESIGN Case-control observational study. SETTING Outpatient department of gynecology and obstetrics and environing. PARTICIPANTS (PATIENTS AND CONTROL) Sample size: case group (PCOS, n = 160), age: 16-38 years, and their gender, age, as well as ethnicity-matched healthy control (n = 160). INTERVENTION(S) In this observational study, a structured questionnaire for menstrual status and to determine the scores of cutaneous manifestations, a bioelectrical impedance analyzer for measurement of anthropometric indices, relevant biochemical assessments (vitamin D, AMH, insulin, glucose, and other associated hormonal profiles), statistical software for the social sciences, and Microsoft Office Excel were used to evaluate as well as analyze different indices. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Study of the association of vitamin D deficiency with differential manifestations of PCOS such as phenotypes of the syndrome, altered AMH levels, and risk of insulin resistance. An attempt has been made to determine the cutoff value of AMH of the patients with PCOS belonging to the ethnic population of West Bengal using receiver operating characteristic (ROC). RESULT(S) Vitamin D deficiency was found to be directly correlated with AMH level in PCOS phenotype A (67%), oligomenorrhea, and PCOM, along with a substantial agonistic relationship with insulin resistance in the PCOS population under study. In the PCOS phenotype B, the AMH level was highest, with a cutoff value of 5.27 ng/mL (asymptotic sig. = 0.000, 95% confidence interval: 8.37-9.95, derived by ROC analysis, with area under the ROC curve- area under the curve value = 0.949, sensitivity=0.882, and specificity = 0.880). Oligomenorrhic women with PCOS possess significantly higher values of AMH levels (8.70 ± 3.66 > 3.09 ± 1.86 ng/mL) level than the regular menstrual rhythm within the same group. Patients with PCOS had significantly less skeletal muscle mass and greater subcutaneous fat content than the control group. CONCLUSION(S) 25-hydroxy-vitamin D might be intermeshed with the underlying pathophysiology and severity of PCOS, as well as associated metabolic disorders like insulin resistance. The AMH level is finely tuned by most of the plausible effectors of PCOS and contends to be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis as well as prognosis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Chakraborty
- Clinicogenomics Lab, Sir Surendranath Banerjea Advanced Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Surendranath College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan K Naskar
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Barnali R Basu
- Clinicogenomics Lab, Sir Surendranath Banerjea Advanced Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Surendranath College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Xuan F, Ren Y, Lu J, Zhou W, Jin R, Chen A, Ye Y. CPEB1 induces autophagy and promotes apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells of polycystic ovary syndrome. Mol Reprod Dev 2024; 91:e23741. [PMID: 38616716 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory damage in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) is a key mechanism in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein-1 (CPEB1) is important in inflammatory regulation, however, its role in PCOS is unclear. We aim to research the mechanism of CPEB1 in ovarian GCs in PCOS using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS rat models and testosterone-incubated GC models. The pathophysiology in PCOS rats was analyzed. Quantitative-realtime-PCR, TUNEL, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were applied for quantification. Additionally, cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and Monodansylcadaverine staining were performed. We found that PCOS rat models exhibited a disrupted estrus cycle, elevated serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), increased LH/FSH ratio, and heightened ovarian index. Furthermore, reduced corpus luteum and increased follicular cysts were observed in ovarian tissue. In ovarian tissue, autophagy and apoptosis were activated and CPEB1 was overexpressed. In vitro, CPEB1 overexpression inhibited cell viability and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), activated tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 levels, as well as apoptosis and autophagy; however, CPEB1 knockdown had the opposite effect. In conclusion, overexpression of CPEB1 activated autophagy and apoptosis of ovarian GCs in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilan Xuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuefang Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiali Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimei Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiaojiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiying Jin
- Department of Gynecology, Jiaojiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aixue Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Chongming District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongju Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
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Panda SP, Kesharwani A, Singh GD, Prasanth D, Vatchavai BR, Kumari PVK, Panda SK, Mallick SP. Impose of KNDy/GnRH neural circuit in PCOS, ageing, cancer and Alzheimer's disease: StAR actions in prevention of neuroendocrine dysfunction. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102086. [PMID: 37821047 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The Kisspeptin1 (KISS1)/neurokinin B (NKB)/Dynorphin (Dyn) [KNDy] neurons in the hypothalamus regulate the reproduction stage in human beings and rodents. KNDy neurons co-expressed all KISS1, NKB, and Dyn peptides, and hence commonly regarded as KISS1 neurons. KNDy neurons contribute to the "GnRH pulse generator" and are implicated in the regulation of pulsatile GnRH release. The estradiol (E2)-estrogen receptor (ER) interactions over GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus cause nitric oxide (NO) discharge, in addition to presynaptic GABA and glutamate discharge from respective neurons. The released GABA and glutamate facilitate the activity of GnRH neurons via GABAA-R and AMPA/kainate-R. The KISS1 stimulates MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling and cause the release of Ca2+ from intracellular store, which contribute to neuroendocrine function, increase apoptosis and decrease cell proliferation and metastasis. The ageing in women deteriorates KISS1/KISS1R interaction in the hypothalamus which causes lower levels of GnRH. Because examining the human brain is so challenging, decades of clinical research have failed to find the causes of KNDy/GnRH dysfunction. The KISS1/KISS1R interactions in the brain have a neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer's disease (AD). These findings modulate the pathophysiological role of the KNDy/GnRH neural network in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) associated with ageing and, its protective role in cancer and AD. This review concludes with protecting effect of the steroid-derived acute regulatory enzyme (StAR) against neurotoxicity in the hippocampus, and hypothalamus, and these measures are fundamental for delaying ageing with PCOS. StAR could serve as novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for the most prevalent hormone-sensitive breast cancers (BCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhrapradesh, India
| | - Bhaskara Raju Vatchavai
- Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pedatadepalli, Tadepalligudem, Andhrapradesh, India
| | - P V Kamala Kumari
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam, Andhrapradesh, India
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Khare S. Efficacy of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum in the Treatment of Female Pattern Alopecia in Patients With PCOS: An Open-Label, Non-randomized, Prospective Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e44941. [PMID: 37818523 PMCID: PMC10561348 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit female pattern hair loss (FPHL). A more advanced, efficient, and suitable therapeutic approach is required to effectively manage FPHL in patients with PCOS. Aim Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum is composed of copper, niacinamide, hyaluronic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, and biotin; each of these constituents has demonstrated individual efficacy in promoting hair growth and enhancing hair quality. We hereby assess the effectiveness of this novel hair formulation in treating FPHL in PCOS. Methods This was an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter, prospective, large study with a wide range of age groups. The study involving 1,000 females aged 25-50 years, diagnosed with PCOS and having complaints of FPHL with Ludwig grades I and II. Each patient received a monthly session of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum, with 1 mL of serum administered through injection into the superficial layer (dermis) of the scalp using a tiny infusion via an insulin syringe, mesotherapy, or via a derma roller/derma pen. All the patients were subjected to standard global photography, video microscopic assessment (vellus hair counts, terminal hair counts, and hair shaft diameter), and a subject self-assessment questionnaire at baseline and six months after the treatment. Results After six months of the treatment, the hair shaft diameter, terminal hair counts, and hair growth rate were significantly increased than baseline (p≤0.0001), and a significant reduction was noted in vellus hair counts than baseline measurement (p<0.00001). These findings are suggestive of improved hair regrowth after the treatment. No adverse events were recorded during the study. Statistically significant improvements were observed in hair parameters (overall hair fall rate, hair texture, hair volume, and scalp itching) after six months of treatment than baseline. Conclusion Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum has been shown to be an effective treatment for FPHL in patients with PCOS. This study marks the first investigation into the use of Dr. SKS Hair Booster Serum in patients with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Khare
- Dermatology, Elements of Aesthetics, Mumbai, IND
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Chavez GN, Jaworsky K, Basu A. The Effects of Plant-Derived Phytochemical Compounds and Phytochemical-Rich Diets on Females with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Clinical Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6534. [PMID: 37569074 PMCID: PMC10418663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine condition that impacts nutritional status, metabolic, and hormonal function in females of reproductive age. This condition is associated with increased androgen production (hyperandrogenism) and decreased insulin sensitivity, which often leads to insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. This increase in androgen production and insulin resistance is strongly associated with a high incidence of obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and certain types of gonad-related cancers among females who suffer from this condition. As research continues to grow, it has been demonstrated that PCOS is a complex condition, and some of its characteristics vary among the females that have this disorder. However, it has been suggested that oxidative stress and low-grade chronic inflammation could play an important role in the development of PCOS. Current evidence suggest that phytochemicals could potentially help with weight-loss by reducing oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation, as well as aid in metabolic and hormonal regulation due to their antioxidant properties. Some of the bioactive compounds found in plants that have shown positive effects in the attenuation of PCOS include flavonoids, polyphenols, phytoestrogen, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Thus, a review of the current literature published on PCOS and phytochemicals was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics databases for articles published between 2013 and 2023 with a study duration of 1 to 3 months and adequate sample sizes. The main purpose of this review of literature was to investigate the metabolic effects of phytochemical compounds and phytochemical-rich diets on females with PCOS by comparing the results of several randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Nayeli Chavez
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (G.N.C.); (K.J.)
| | - Kataryna Jaworsky
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (G.N.C.); (K.J.)
- Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (G.N.C.); (K.J.)
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Anala AD, Saifudeen ISH, Ibrahim M, Nanda M, Naaz N, Atkin SL. The Potential Utility of Tirzepatide for the Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4575. [PMID: 37510690 PMCID: PMC10380206 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. The metabolic dysfunction associated with PCOS increases the probability of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Research has shown that the metabolic features of PCOS may be improved by weight loss following treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists. Tirzepatide is a dual GLP-GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide) receptor agonist that shares a very similar mechanism of action with GLP-1R agonists, and it is hypothesized that it may be a potential contender in the treatment of PCOS. The success of GLP-1R agonists is usually hindered by their adverse gastrointestinal effects, leading to reduced compliance. The mechanism of action of Tirzepatide partly addresses this issue, as its dual receptor affinity may reduce the intensity of gastrointestinal symptoms. Tirzepatide has been licensed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and given the metabolic issues and obesity that accompanies PCOS, it may be of value in its management for those PCOS patients who are obese with metabolic syndrome, although it may not benefit those who are of normal weight. This study reviews the current therapies for the treatment of PCOS and evaluates the potential use of Tirzepatide to address the symptoms of PCOS, including reproductive dysfunction, obesity, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alekya Devi Anala
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | | | - Maryam Ibrahim
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | - Moksha Nanda
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | - Nida Naaz
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya 15503, Bahrain
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Balkrishna A, Rana M, Mishra S, Srivastava D, Bhardwaj R, Singh S, Rajput SK, Arya V. Incredible Combination of Lifestyle Modification and Herbal Remedies for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Management. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:3705508. [PMID: 37383339 PMCID: PMC10299884 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3705508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A relatively frequent endocrine-metabolic illness called polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by polycystic ovaries, persistent anovulation, and hyperandrogenism, which cause symptoms such as irregular menstruation, infertility, and hirsutism. PCOS is linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and increased amounts of androgens, or male hormones. The sedentary lifestyle, dietary fluctuations, inactivity, and stress are other contributing variables. According to estimates from India in 2021, around 22.5% of women, or one in five Indian women, suffer from PCOS. Evidence-based medical care for PCOS places a strong focus on a multidisciplinary approach, as standard pharmacological treatment frequently targets a single symptom, may be contraindicated, has adverse effects, and is ineffective in certain circumstances. However, long-term treatments have drawbacks and are likely to be ineffective, making complementary and alternative therapies a worthwhile choice. Yoga science is a thorough treatment plan for a healthy body and mind that may eradicate PCOS's primary causes, stress and obesity. Some common herbal remedies, including Foeniculum vulgare, Tinospora cordifolia, Asparagus racemosus, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Areca catechu, and Lepidium meyenii, have been highly regarded sources that have the benefits of lowering PCOS as well as having hypoglycemic and antiobesity effects. In light of existing literature, women with PCOS experienced symptomatic relief, improvement in hormonal balance, and the quality of life by utilizing yoga practices as well as herbal remedies. In conclusion, combining lifestyle modifications with herbal remedies can be used in the management of PCOS as a holistic approach. Therefore, this review opens a new window for researchers all across the world to validate such findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maneesha Rana
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shalini Mishra
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepika Srivastava
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rohit Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Rajput
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249404, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Herbal Research Institute, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
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Liu Y, Li Y, Xiao N, Liu M, Wang Y, Luo H, Yao Y, Feng Y, Wang S. Serum Organophosphate Flame retardants and plasticizers in Chinese females of childbearing age: Association with serum reproductive and thyroid hormones. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139237. [PMID: 37331665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are extensively used as flame retardants and plasticizers, but their endocrine disrupting potentials have raised concerns. However, the impacts of OPFR exposures on reproductive and thyroid hormones in females remains unclear. In this study, serum concentrations of OPFRs were investigated, and levels of reproductive and thyroid hormones, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, anti-Müllerian hormone, prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), and thyroid stimulating hormone, were analyzed in childbearing-age females undergoing in-vitro fertilization treatment from Tianjin, a coastal city in China (n = 319). Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) was the predominant OPFR, with a median concentration of 0.33 ng/mL and a detection frequency of 96.6%. In the whole population, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) were positively associated with T (p < 0.05), while triethyl phosphate (TEP) was negatively associated with LH (p < 0.05) and LH/FSH (p < 0.01). Particularly, TCIPP was negatively associated with PRL in the younger subgroup (age≤30, p < 0.05). Moreover, TCIPP was negatively associated with diagnostic antral follicle counting (AFC) in the mediation analysis by a dominating direct effect (p < 0.01). In conclusion, serum levels of OPFRs were significantly associated with reproductive and thyroid hormone levels and a risk of decreased ovarian reserve in childbearing-age females, with age and body mass index being significant influencing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Yongcheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, 156 Nankaisanma Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, 156 Nankaisanma Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Haining Luo
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, 156 Nankaisanma Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Yujie Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Academy of Environment and Ecology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alyasin ZT. A Comparative Clinical and Laboratory Study of Adolescent and Adult Acne in Iraqi Women. Cureus 2022; 14:e32866. [PMID: 36694512 PMCID: PMC9867879 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units associated with long-term sequelae and complications. Currently, acne in women is classified into adolescent and post-adolescent forms. However, comparative studies evaluating the clinical and laboratory parameters across various age groups in women with acne are lacking. The aim of the study is to compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics of different groups of women with acne vulgaris. Patients and methods Over 3 years (2018-2021), a cross-sectional study was carried out on 340 women with acne consulting the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic, Basrah Teaching Hospital, Basrah, Iraq. Eligible patients were carefully evaluated and fully examined, emphasizing on signs of hyperandrogenism and scoring of acne severity. Hormonal assays of serum total testosterone (TST), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and serum prolactin (PRL) were done. Pelvic ultrasonography was performed to identify any pelvic pathology. The patients were classified according to their age of onset. Clinical and laboratory data were compared among groups. Results Three groups were recognized: 160 patients (47%) with adolescent acne (AA) (mean age SD: 17.2±1.6 years), 80 (23.5%) with early adult-onset acne (EA) (mean age SD: 21.4±1.2 years), and 100 (29.4%) with post-adolescent acne (PA) (mean age SD: 28.7±2.9 years), which were further sub-grouped into late-onset acne (40 cases, 11.7%), and persistent acne (60 cases, 17.6%). The mean body mass index was normal in the AA group and overweight in the EA and PA groups. Moderate obesity was more frequent in PA (24%, p=0.03). While 78.5% of AA was mild to moderate acne, 77.5% of EA was moderate to moderately severe, and 72% of PA was moderately severe to severe. Clinical and biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism were seen in all groups, however, they were more frequent in PA and EA groups than in the AA group (p<005). Conclusion Clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism were present in a significant proportion of women with acne; their prevalence was higher in post-adolescent acne than in adolescent acne. Acne that began between the ages of 20 and 25 was classified as "early adult-onset acne," and showed variable features of hyperandrogenism. A complete evaluation, regardless of age, for every female with acne, including a hormonal analysis and pelvic ultrasound examination to detect hormonal imbalances as early therapy, can help to prevent and reduce the risk of consequences.
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Li Y, Yao Y, Xiao N, Liu Y, Du Y, Liu M, Zhang Q, Zhao H, Zhang T, Zhang H, Wang L, Luo H, Zhang Y, Sun H. The association of serum phthalate metabolites with biomarkers of ovarian reserve in women of childbearing age. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113909. [PMID: 35999756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are widely used plasticizers drawing increasing concern due to reproductive toxicity. However, studies on serum PAEs metabolites (mPAEs) and their associations with human ovarian function remain very scarce. In this study, from April 2019 to August 2020, a total of 297 women of childbearing age were recruited in Tianjin, China. Eleven mPAEs were analyzed in serum samples and eight mPAEs were detected at frequencies > 65% with median concentrations of 0.43-15.3 ng/mL. In multinomial logistic analysis, an increase in serum mono (2-isobutyl) phthalate (miBP) was associated with decline in antral follicle count (AFC) (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.61) and 5-mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (mEHHP) was significantly associated with AFC increase (OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.92), which were aligned with the associations found between mPAEs and AMH through generalized linear regression. In multiple linear regression models, per 10% increase in serum mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (mEHP), mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (mEOHP) (oxo-mEHP), and principal component 1 featured for high concentrations of mono-n-butyl phthalate (mBP), miBP and mEHP were associated with 0.15 (95% CI: -0.29, -0.02), 0.01 (95% CI: -0.01, 0.00) and 0.01 (95% CI: -0.02, 0.00) ln-unit decrease in estradiol (E2) levels, respectively, while mono-[(2-carboxymethyl) hexyl] phthalate (mCMHP) (carboxymethyl-mEHP) was positively associated with 0.05 ln-unit increase of E2 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.08). The observed negative associations between mPAEs and the Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) also aligned with the change in AFC. Generalized linear regression also revealed nonlinear associations between mono-ethyl phthalate (mEP), mCMHP and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Overall, serum mEHP and its metabolites were negatively associated with E2. miBP was negatively associated with AFC. The nonlinear associations between mPAEs and FSH, and AMH need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Yarui Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongrui Du
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Min Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huajing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haining Luo
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300100, China.
| | - Yunshan Zhang
- Department of Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics / Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive Regulation, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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11
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Lathia T, Joshi A, Behl A, Dhingra A, Kalra B, Dua C, Bajaj K, Verma K, Malhotra N, Galagali P, Sahay R, Mittal S, Bajaj S, Moorthy S, Sharma S, Kalra S. A Practitioner's Toolkit for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Counselling. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2022; 26:17-25. [PMID: 35662757 PMCID: PMC9162262 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_411_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a frequently occurring health issue, has a significant effect on the cosmetic, metabolic, psychosocial and fertility aspects of women. A multidisciplinary team approach based on the core pillars of screening, assessment and counselling to detect, prevent and treat physiological and psychological issues in PCOS is very essential. Women are treated medically, but the psychosocial part is often forsaken. Hence, counselling forms an integral part of PCOS management that enables enhanced clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Digital tools and PCOS support groups have built an opportunity for physicians to create awareness, help timely diagnosis and overcome PCOS symptoms. The absence of clear guidelines to tackle the often less discussed aspects of PCOS warrants the need for consensus on PCOS counselling. This review summarizes the biopsychosocial health, clinical assessment and treatment strategies of PCOS and associated co-morbidities. The review article will discuss the clinician's role in patient education with the special focus on counselling of females with PCOS regardless of age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal Lathia
- Department of Endocrinology, Fortis, Apollo, MGM and Cloud Nine Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ameya Joshi
- Department of Endocrinology, Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Mira Road, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arti Behl
- Department of Psychiatry, Apollo BGS Hospital, Adichuchanagiri Road, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Atul Dhingra
- Department of Endocrinology, Gangaram Bansal Superspeciality Hospital, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bharti Kalra
- Department of Gynaecology, Bharti Hospital and B.R.I.D.E, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Charu Dua
- Clinical Nutrition and FandB - Max Healthcare Patparganj and Vaishali, Delhi, India
| | - Kiran Bajaj
- Department of Dermatology, Kiran Bajaj Skin and Laser Centre, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Komal Verma
- Department of Psychology, Amity Institute of Behavioral and Allied Sciences, Amity University Rajasthan, India
| | - Neharika Malhotra
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Rainbow IVF, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Preeti Galagali
- Department of Pediatrics, Bangalore Adolescent Care and Counseling Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Sahay
- Department of Endocrinology, Osmania Medical College and Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Samta Mittal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, I.T.S. Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarita Bajaj
- Department of Medicine, MLN Medical College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smitha Moorthy
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Sanjeevani Hospital, Mira Road, Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suresh Sharma
- College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital and B.R.I.D.E, Karnal, Haryana, India
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12
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Ngo A, Froessl L, McWhorter JW, Perkison WB, Katta R. Diabetes Detection and Prevention in Dermatology. Dermatol Pract Concept 2021; 11:e2021131. [PMID: 34631273 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1104a131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We are currently in the midst of an international epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes. The prevalence of DM in the United States is estimated at 9.4% of the population across all ages, while an estimated 1 in 3 Americans (33.9%) has prediabetes. According to the WHO, about 60 million people suffer from diabetes in the European Region. Dermatologists may play an important role in tackling this epidemic via efforts to improve early detection of both diabetes and prediabetes. Dermatologists often treat patients with, or at risk of, diabetes. This includes patients who present with cutaneous manifestations such as acanthosis nigricans, as well as patient populations at increased risk, including those with psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Simple screening guidelines can be used to identify patients at risk, and screening can be performed via a single non-fasting blood test. The diagnosis of prediabetes is a key feature in diabetes prevention, as interventions in this group can markedly reduce progression towards diabetes. In addition to referral to a primary care physician, dermatologists may refer these patients directly to structured behavioral lifestyle intervention programs known as diabetes prevention programs. A significant portion of the population lacks routine care by a primary care physician, and current data indicates need for improvement in diabetes screening and prevention among patient groups such as those with psoriasis. These factors highlight the importance of the dermatologist's role in the detection and prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ngo
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine
| | | | - John Wesley McWhorter
- Culinary Nutrition of the Nourish Program, at the Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living at The University of Texas School of Public Health
| | - William Brett Perkison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science at the at the University of Texas School of Public Health in Houston
| | - Rajani Katta
- Baylor College of Medicine.,McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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13
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Saeedi V, Nourbakhsh M, Nourbakhsh M, Haghighi L, Kamalzadeh L, Ezzati Mobasser S, Razzaghy-Azar M. Sestrin2 and Beclin1 levels in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23957. [PMID: 34399004 PMCID: PMC8418516 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sestrin2 and beclin1 are two newly found proteins that have essential roles in autophagy. This study attempted to evaluate the plasma concentrations of sestrin2 and beclin1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy controls and to explore the clinical value of these proteins as novel biomarkers for PCOS. Methods In this case‐control study, plasma levels of sestrin2 and beclin1, fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, insulin, and androgens were evaluated in 63 women (31 patients and 32 controls). Sestrin2 and beclin1 levels were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients, logistic regression, and ROC curve analyses were used in this study. Results Plasma sestrin2 levels of the subjects with PCOS (40.74 [24.39–257.70]) were significantly lower than those of healthy subjects (255.78 [25.46–528.66]; p‐value = 0.040). ROC curve analysis showed that a cutoff value of 420.5 ng/L had an appropriate sensitivity (83.87%) and specificity (46.88%) for discriminating individuals with and without PCOS, with the area under the curve (95% CI) of 0.648 (0.518 to 0.764), p = 0.036. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups concerning plasma levels of beclin1, biochemical parameters, blood pressure, and anthropometric features. Conclusion Our findings highlight the dysregulation of sestrin2 as a marker of autophagy in PCOS and its potential usefulness as a novel biomarker for PCOS. Further research is needed to better understand the role of this protein in the pathophysiology of PCOS and its value as a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Saeedi
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Nourbakhsh
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Haghighi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbar-Abadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Kamalzadeh
- Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Ezzati Mobasser
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Razzaghy-Azar
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Efficacy and Safety of Tracnil™ Administration in Patients with Dermatological Manifestations of PCOS: An Open-Label Single-Arm Study. Dermatol Res Pract 2020; 2020:7019126. [PMID: 32256563 PMCID: PMC7128037 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7019126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol's role in improving acne by reducing hyperandrogenism has been demonstrated in PCOS patients. Inositol and associated molecules display inhibitory properties against 5-α reductase, COX-2, and lipase enzymes in addition to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the role of myo-inositol is not well established in women patients with normal hormone levels but with clinical manifestations of PCOS. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of Tracnil™, a combination of myo-inositol with folic acid and vitamin D3, in resolving acne in overweight women of menstruation age displaying normal hormone levels. It is a single-arm study conducted at 2 centers including 33 women with acne, hirsutism, and menstrual irregularities. Acne and hirsutism were assessed by manual lesion count, modified Cook's scale, and modified Ferriman–Gallwey hirsutism score (mFGHS). Hormone levels and safety parameters were assessed throughout the study. Our results show that Tracnil™ monotherapy could drastically reduce acne-related lesions of both inflammatory and noninflammatory types as quickly as 8 weeks. Additionally, it improves hirsutism and menstrual irregularities. Adverse reactions were negligible during the whole study period with no drastic side effects reflected by a modulatory effect on hormone levels. Despite the subjects having normal hormone levels, the acne treatment with myo-inositol and vitamin D3 shows improvement in hirsutism and regularization of menstrual cycle. Therefore, we attribute the mechanism of action of Tracnil™ to modulation of receptor sensitivity to sex hormones or other downstream processing events. Tracnil™ may be considered as a first-line treatment for dermatological manifestations of PCOS even in the absence of significant hormonal abnormalities. This treatment is practically implementable in a dermatologists's office practise.
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