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Dinh H, Kovács ZZA, Kis M, Kupecz K, Sejben A, Szűcs G, Márványkövi F, Siska A, Freiwan M, Pósa SP, Galla Z, Ibos KE, Bodnár É, Lauber GY, Goncalves AIA, Acar E, Kriston A, Kovács F, Horváth P, Bozsó Z, Tóth G, Földesi I, Monostori P, Cserni G, Podesser BK, Lehoczki A, Pokreisz P, Kiss A, Dux L, Csabafi K, Sárközy M. Role of the kisspeptin-KISS1R axis in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and uremic cardiomyopathy. GeroScience 2024; 46:2463-2488. [PMID: 37987885 PMCID: PMC10828495 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing globally, especially in elderly patients. Uremic cardiomyopathy is a common cardiovascular complication of CKD, characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), diastolic dysfunction, and fibrosis. Kisspeptins and their receptor, KISS1R, exert a pivotal influence on kidney pathophysiology and modulate age-related pathologies across various organ systems. KISS1R agonists, including kisspeptin-13 (KP-13), hold promise as novel therapeutic agents within age-related biological processes and kidney-related disorders. Our investigation aimed to elucidate the impact of KP-13 on the trajectory of CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) were randomized into four groups: (I) sham-operated, (II) 5/6 nephrectomy-induced CKD, (III) CKD subjected to a low dose of KP-13 (intraperitoneal 13 µg/day), and (IV) CKD treated with a higher KP-13 dose (intraperitoneal 26 µg/day). Treatments were administered daily from week 3 for 10 days. After 13 weeks, KP-13 increased systemic blood pressure, accentuating diastolic dysfunction's echocardiographic indicators and intensifying CKD-associated markers such as serum urea levels, glomerular hypertrophy, and tubular dilation. Notably, KP-13 did not exacerbate circulatory uremic toxin levels, renal inflammation, or fibrosis markers. In contrast, the higher KP-13 dose correlated with reduced posterior and anterior wall thickness, coupled with diminished cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas and concurrent elevation of inflammatory (Il6, Tnf), fibrosis (Col1), and apoptosis markers (Bax/Bcl2) relative to the CKD group. In summary, KP-13's influence on CKD and uremic cardiomyopathy encompassed heightened blood pressure and potentially activated inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in the left ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Dinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Zsuzsanna Z A Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Merse Kis
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kupecz
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Anita Sejben
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Márványkövi
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Siska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marah Freiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szonja Polett Pósa
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Galla
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Eszter Ibos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Éva Bodnár
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Gülsüm Yilmaz Lauber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ana Isabel Antunes Goncalves
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - András Kriston
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ferenc Kovács
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Péter Horváth
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zsolt Bozsó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Imre Földesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Monostori
- Metabolic and Newborn Screening Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Departments of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Saint Ladislaus Campus, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - László Dux
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Márta Sárközy
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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2
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Li Z, Yang X, Fu R, Wu Z, Xu S, Jiao J, Qian M, Zhang L, Wu C, Xie T, Yao J, Wu Z, Li W, Ma G, You Y, Chen Y, Zhang HK, Cheng Y, Tang X, Wu P, Lian G, Wei H, Zhao J, Xu J, Ai L, Siwko S, Wang Y, Ding J, Song G, Luo J, Liu M, Xiao J. Kisspeptin-10 binding to Gpr54 in osteoclasts prevents bone loss by activating Dusp18-mediated dephosphorylation of Src. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1300. [PMID: 38346942 PMCID: PMC10861593 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are over-activated as we age, which results in bone loss. Src deficiency in mice leads to severe osteopetrosis due to a functional defect in osteoclasts, indicating that Src function is essential in osteoclasts. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the targets for ∼35% of approved drugs but it is still unclear how GPCRs regulate Src kinase activity. Here, we reveal that GPR54 activation by its natural ligand Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) causes Dusp18 to dephosphorylate Src at Tyr 416. Mechanistically, Gpr54 recruits both active Src and the Dusp18 phosphatase at its proline/arginine-rich motif in its C terminus. We show that Kp-10 binding to Gpr54 leads to the up-regulation of Dusp18. Kiss1, Gpr54 and Dusp18 knockout mice all exhibit osteoclast hyperactivation and bone loss, and Kp-10 abrogated bone loss by suppressing osteoclast activity in vivo. Therefore, Kp-10/Gpr54 is a promising therapeutic target to abrogate bone resorption by Dusp18-mediated Src dephosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxi Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Xinghai Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Ruifeng Fu
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Shengzhao Xu
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Ming Qian
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Chunbiao Wu
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Tianying Xie
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jiqiang Yao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Zhixiang Wu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Guoli Ma
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yu You
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Han-Kun Zhang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Gewei Lian
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Haifeng Wei
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jianrong Xu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Stefan Siwko
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Cell Engineering; Translational Medicine Research Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jin Ding
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gaojie Song
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Institute of Orthopedic Biomedical and Device Innovation, School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Tesema B, Liu GQ, Jiang XP. Active kisspeptin DNA vaccines oral immunization disrupt mRNA hormone receptors expression in ram lambs. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2285-2294. [PMID: 35714982 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2087665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy of oral immunization with active kisspeptin DNA vaccine on the expression of hormone receptor mRNA. For this study, ten 56-day-old Hu breed ram lambs were randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups (n = 5). Treatment Experimental group received C500/pKS-asd and the control group received C500/pVAX-asd (aspartate-β semialdehyde dehydrogenase orally on days 0, 28, and 56, and blood samples were taken at each immunization interval (14-day) and tissues samples were collected at the end of the experimental period (day 98). The collected samples were stored in the refrigerator at -20 °C and liquid nitrogen, respectively, for laboratory examination. Total RNA was extracted from samples using TRIzol reagent and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was used to quantify the levels of KISS1, G protein-coupled receptor-54 (Kiss1r), and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA in the hypothalamus. Levels of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) and luteinizing hormone beta (LHβ) mRNA, and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and follicle-stimulating hormone beta (FSHβ) mRNA in the testes and pituitary were analyzed, respectively. Further, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) mRNA expression level in the pituitary was measured. Moreover, the Kiss1r concentration level in the blood was measured using an indirect ELISA. The concentration of Kiss1r in the blood was lower in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). The levels of testicular FSHR and LHR mRNA were significantly lower in the treatment group (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. Furthermore, the treatment group's levels of hypothalamic KISS1, Kiss1r, and GnRH mRNA were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the controls. LH, FSH, and GnRHR mRNA expression in the pituitary were also significantly lower in the treatment group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). These findings imply that oral immunization with active kisspeptin DNA vaccine suppresses hormone receptor mRNA expression in the ram lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Tesema
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural - Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia
| | - Gui-Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural - Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun-Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural - Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Panda SP, Kesharwani A, Singh GD, Prasanth D, Vatchavai BR, Kumari PVK, Panda SK, Mallick SP. Impose of KNDy/GnRH neural circuit in PCOS, ageing, cancer and Alzheimer's disease: StAR actions in prevention of neuroendocrine dysfunction. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102086. [PMID: 37821047 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The Kisspeptin1 (KISS1)/neurokinin B (NKB)/Dynorphin (Dyn) [KNDy] neurons in the hypothalamus regulate the reproduction stage in human beings and rodents. KNDy neurons co-expressed all KISS1, NKB, and Dyn peptides, and hence commonly regarded as KISS1 neurons. KNDy neurons contribute to the "GnRH pulse generator" and are implicated in the regulation of pulsatile GnRH release. The estradiol (E2)-estrogen receptor (ER) interactions over GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus cause nitric oxide (NO) discharge, in addition to presynaptic GABA and glutamate discharge from respective neurons. The released GABA and glutamate facilitate the activity of GnRH neurons via GABAA-R and AMPA/kainate-R. The KISS1 stimulates MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling and cause the release of Ca2+ from intracellular store, which contribute to neuroendocrine function, increase apoptosis and decrease cell proliferation and metastasis. The ageing in women deteriorates KISS1/KISS1R interaction in the hypothalamus which causes lower levels of GnRH. Because examining the human brain is so challenging, decades of clinical research have failed to find the causes of KNDy/GnRH dysfunction. The KISS1/KISS1R interactions in the brain have a neuroprotective effect against Alzheimer's disease (AD). These findings modulate the pathophysiological role of the KNDy/GnRH neural network in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) associated with ageing and, its protective role in cancer and AD. This review concludes with protecting effect of the steroid-derived acute regulatory enzyme (StAR) against neurotoxicity in the hippocampus, and hypothalamus, and these measures are fundamental for delaying ageing with PCOS. StAR could serve as novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for the most prevalent hormone-sensitive breast cancers (BCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Dsnbk Prasanth
- KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhrapradesh, India
| | - Bhaskara Raju Vatchavai
- Sri Vasavi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pedatadepalli, Tadepalligudem, Andhrapradesh, India
| | - P V Kamala Kumari
- Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam, Andhrapradesh, India
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Choi AJ, Hefley BS, Nicholas SE, Cunningham RL, Karamichos D. Novel Correlation between TGF-β1/-β3 and Hormone Receptors in the Human Corneal Stroma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13635. [PMID: 37686439 PMCID: PMC10487450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the interplay between transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1/T1 and TGF-β3/T3), and sex hormone receptors using our 3D in vitro cornea stroma model. Primary human corneal fibroblasts (HCFs) from healthy donors were plated in transwells at 106 cells/well and cultured for four weeks. HCFs were supplemented with stable vitamin C (VitC) and stimulated with T1 or T3. 3D construct proteins were analyzed for the androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), KiSS1-derived peptide receptor (KiSS1R/GPR54), and follicle-stimulating hormone subunit beta (FSH-B). In female constructs, T1 significantly upregulated AR, PR, ERα, FSHR, GnRHR, and KiSS1R. In male constructs, T1 significantly downregulated FSHR and FSH-B and significantly upregulated ERα, ERβ, and GnRHR. T3 caused significant upregulation in expressions PR, ERα, ERβ, LHR, FSHR, and GNRHR in female constructs, and significant downregulation of AR, ERα, and FSHR in male constructs. Semi-quantitative Western blot findings present the interplay between sex hormone receptors and TGF-β isoforms in the corneal stroma, which is influenced by sex as a biological variable (SABV). Additional studies are warranted to fully delineate their interactions and signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Choi
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (A.J.C.); (B.S.H.); (S.E.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Brenna S. Hefley
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (A.J.C.); (B.S.H.); (S.E.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Sarah E. Nicholas
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (A.J.C.); (B.S.H.); (S.E.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Rebecca L. Cunningham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (A.J.C.); (B.S.H.); (S.E.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Dinh H, Kovács ZZA, Márványkövi F, Kis M, Kupecz K, Szűcs G, Freiwan M, Lauber GY, Acar E, Siska A, Ibos KE, Bodnár É, Kriston A, Kovács F, Horváth P, Földesi I, Cserni G, Podesser BK, Pokreisz P, Kiss A, Dux L, Csabafi K, Sárközy M. The kisspeptin-1 receptor antagonist peptide-234 aggravates uremic cardiomyopathy in a rat model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14046. [PMID: 37640761 PMCID: PMC10462750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Uremic cardiomyopathy is characterized by diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), and fibrosis. Dysregulation of the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R)-mediated pathways are associated with the development of fibrosis in cancerous diseases. Here, we investigated the effects of the KISS1R antagonist peptide-234 (P234) on the development of uremic cardiomyopathy. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) were randomized into four groups: (i) Sham, (ii) chronic kidney disease (CKD) induced by 5/6 nephrectomy, (iii) CKD treated with a lower dose of P234 (ip. 13 µg/day), (iv) CKD treated with a higher dose of P234 (ip. 26 µg/day). Treatments were administered daily from week 3 for 10 days. At week 13, the P234 administration did not influence the creatinine clearance and urinary protein excretion. However, the higher dose of P234 led to reduced anterior and posterior wall thicknesses, more severe interstitial fibrosis, and overexpression of genes associated with left ventricular remodeling (Ctgf, Tgfb, Col3a1, Mmp9), stretch (Nppa), and apoptosis (Bax, Bcl2, Casp7) compared to the CKD group. In contrast, no significant differences were found in the expressions of apoptosis-associated proteins between the groups. Our results suggest that the higher dose of P234 hastens the development and pathophysiology of uremic cardiomyopathy by activating the fibrotic TGF-β-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa Dinh
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Zsuzsanna Z A Kovács
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fanni Márványkövi
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Merse Kis
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Klaudia Kupecz
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szűcs
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marah Freiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gülsüm Yilmaz Lauber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eylem Acar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Siska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Eszter Ibos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Éva Bodnár
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - András Kriston
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ferenc Kovács
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Péter Horváth
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Single-Cell Technologies Ltd, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Imre Földesi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Bruno K Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at Center for Biomedical Research and Translational Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - László Dux
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Márta Sárközy
- Department of Biochemistry and Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.
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7
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Bilister Egilmez C, Koyu A, Azak Pazarlar B, Keselik E, Oz Oyar E, Kurus M. Effects of intracerebroventricular and intravenous administration of Kisspeptin-54 and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in rats with ovarian hyperstimulation. Neuropeptides 2022; 96:102298. [PMID: 36367482 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to determine the effect of local and systemic administration of kisspeptin-54 on ovarian hyperstimulation. METHODS Immature female rats were used. In order to generate the ovarian hyperstimulation model, 50 IU PMSG was administered for 4 consecutive days and a single dose of 25 IU hCG was administered to all groups except for the sham group. To synchronize the sham group, a single dose of 10 IU PMSG followed by 10 IU hCG (48 h later) was applied. Kisspeptin-54 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists were administered 48 h after hCG injection. While intracerebroventricular injection is performed with stereotaxic surgery, Intravenous administration was from the tail vein. Ovarian weights were measured. FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormones were detected in serum by ELISA. VEGFa, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 immunohistochemical staining was performed on the ovaries and hypothalamus and their optical densities were determined with Image J. Kiss1R mRNA expression was determined by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Ovarian weights increased significantly in the OHSS group and the systemic GnRH agonist group. The optical densities of VEGFa, IL-1β, TNF- α and MCP-1 immunoreactivity showed us that both local and systemic applied kisspeptin-54 attenuates the level of investigated inflammation parameters in the ovaries. Moreover, local administration of kisspeptin-54 has been shown to enhance the level of Kiss1R mRNA in both the ovaries and the hypothalamus. CONCLUSION(S) Local and systemic administration of Kisspeptin-54 as a post-treatment reduces inflammation parameters in the ovaries. These findings promote the potential use of kisspeptin-54 on OHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Bilister Egilmez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Koyu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Azak Pazarlar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Erdi Keselik
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eser Oz Oyar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Kurus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
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8
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Zhao T, Zhang Q, Xiao X, Tao X, Gao M, He W, Wu X, Yuan T. Associations of the KiSS-1 and GPR54 genetic polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome in Yunnan, China. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:790-794. [PMID: 35903815 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2104246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BSCKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition that increases the risk for serious health complications among women. Thus, in this study, we aimed to identify polymorphisms in the KiSS-1 and GPR54 genes and investigate the associations between KiSS-1, BMI, FSH, LH, and estradiol in Chinese women with PCOS. METHODS This study recruited women with PCOS (n = 60) and controls (n = 60). We collected blood samples and measured endocrine indicators (kisspeptin, FSH, LH-FSH ratio, estradiol, prolactin, and testosterone). PCR and Snapshots were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the KiSS-1 and GPR54 genes. RESULTS Compared with the controls, endocrine and metabolic disturbances in women with PCOS were reflected in significantly higher levels of BMI, LH, LH-FSH ratio, prolactin, and testosterone. Serum kisspeptin levels were significantly higher and positively correlated with LH and T levels (p < 0.05). No identified SNPs of KiSS-1 and GPR54 showed significant differences in frequency between patients and controls. The mutant G allele was highly predisposed to polymorphism in the PCOS GPR54 gene r10407968. We observed a significant difference in estradiol (p = 0.023, p = 0.012) after comparing the values of LH, FSH, estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone among the three genotypes of rs4889 and rs5780218. The KiSS-1 rs4889 CC genotype and rs5780218 AA genotype showed significantly higher estradiol levels compared with the other two genotypes. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that kisspeptin plays a potential role in the etiology of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinghua Tao
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Meixiu Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenli He
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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9
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Hu KL, Chen Z, Li X, Cai E, Yang H, Chen Y, Wang C, Ju L, Deng W, Mu L. Advances in clinical applications of kisspeptin-GnRH pathway in female reproduction. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:81. [PMID: 35606759 PMCID: PMC9125910 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin is the leading upstream regulator of pulsatile and surge Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone secretion (GnRH) in the hypothalamus, which acts as the key governor of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovary axis. MAIN TEXT Exogenous kisspeptin or its receptor agonist can stimulate GnRH release and subsequent physiological gonadotropin secretion in humans. Based on the role of kisspeptin in the hypothalamus, a broad application of kisspeptin and its receptor agonist has been recently uncovered in humans, including central control of ovulation, oocyte maturation (particularly in women at a high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome), test for GnRH neuronal function, and gatekeepers of puberty onset. In addition, the kisspeptin analogs, such as TAK-448, showed promising agonistic activity in healthy women as well as in women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea or polycystic ovary syndrome. CONCLUSION More clinical trials should focus on the therapeutic effect of kisspeptin, its receptor agonist and antagonist in women with reproductive disorders, such as hypothalamic amenorrhoea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lun Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China, 100191
- Zhejiang MedicalTech Therapeutics Company, No.665 Yumeng Road, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325200
| | - Zimiao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Zhejiang MedicalTech Therapeutics Company, No.665 Yumeng Road, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325200
| | - Enci Cai
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Yi Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Congying Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325000
| | - Liping Ju
- Zhejiang MedicalTech Therapeutics Company, No.665 Yumeng Road, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325200
| | - Wenhai Deng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325006.
| | - Liangshan Mu
- Zhejiang MedicalTech Therapeutics Company, No.665 Yumeng Road, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China, 325200.
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10
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Zhang S, Yu F, Che A, Tan B, Huang C, Chen Y, Liu X, Huang Q, Zhang W, Ma C, Qian M, Liu M, Qin J, Du B. Neuroendocrine Regulation of Stress-Induced T Cell Dysfunction during Lung Cancer Immunosurveillance via the Kisspeptin/GPR54 Signaling Pathway. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2104132. [PMID: 35224894 PMCID: PMC9069377 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that physiological distress is highly correlated with cancer incidence and mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying psychological challenges-mediated tumor immune evasion are not systematically explored. Here, it is demonstrated that acute restraint (AR) increases the level of the plasma neuropeptide hormones, kisspeptin, and the expression levels of its receptor, Gpr54, in the hypothalamus, splenic and tumor-infiltrating T cells, suggesting a correlation between the neuroendocrine system and tumor microenvironment. Accordingly, administration of kisspeptin-10 significantly impairs T cell function, whereas knockout of Gpr54 in T cells inhibits lung tumor progression by suppressing T cell dysfunction and exhaustion with or without AR. In addition, Gpr54 defective OT-1 T cells show superior antitumor activity against OVA peptide-positive tumors. Mechanistically, ERK5-mediated NR4A1 activation is found to be essential for kisspeptin/GPR54-facilitated T cell dysfunction. Meanwhile, pharmacological inhibition of ERK5 signaling by XMD8-92 significantly reduces the tumor growth by enhancing CD8+ T cell antitumor function. Furthermore, depletion of GPR54 or ERK5 by CRISPR/Cas9 in CAR T cells intensifies the antitumor responses to both PSMA+ and CD19+ tumor cells, while eliminating T cell exhaustion. Taken together, these results indicate that kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling plays a nonredundant role in the stress-induced tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Fangfei Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Anran Che
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | | | - Chenshen Huang
- Department of General SurgeryTongji HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200065China
| | - Yuxue Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of General SurgeryTongji HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200065China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Chengbin Ma
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Min Qian
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Juliang Qin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
| | - Bing Du
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell TherapyShanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesChangning Maternity and Infant Health HospitalEast China Normal UniversityShanghai200241China
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11
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Kavanagh GS, Tadi J, Balkenhol SM, Kauffman AS, Maloney SK, Smith JT. Kisspeptin impacts on circadian and ultradian rhythms of core body temperature: Evidence in kisspeptin receptor knockout and kisspeptin knockdown mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 542:111530. [PMID: 34896241 PMCID: PMC9907773 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin is vital for the regulation of both fertility and metabolism. Kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1r) knockout (KO) mice exhibit increased adiposity and reduced energy expenditure in adulthood. Kiss1r mRNA is expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and Kiss1r KO mice exhibit reduced Ucp1 mRNA in BAT and impaired thermogenesis. We hypothesised that mice with diminished kisspeptin signalling would exhibit reduced core body temperature (Tc) and altered dynamics of circadian and ultradian rhythms of Tc. Tc was recorded every 15-min over 14-days in gonadectomised wild-type (WT), Kiss1r KO, and also Kiss1-Cre (95% reduction in Kiss1 transcription) mice. Female Kiss1r KOs had higher adiposity and lower Ucp1 mRNA in BAT than WTs. No change was detected in Kiss1-Cre mice. Mean Tc during the dark phase was lower in female Kiss1r KOs versus WTs, but not Kiss1-Cre mice. Female Kiss1r KOs had a lower mesor and amplitude of the circadian rhythm of Tc than did WTs. In WT mice, there were more episodic ultradian events (EUEs) of Tc during the dark phase than the light phase, but this measure was similar between dark and light phases in Kiss1r KO and Kiss1-Cre mice. The amplitude of EUEs was higher in the dark phase in female Kiss1r KO and male Kiss1-Cre mice. Given the lack of clear metabolic phenotype in Kiss1-Cre mice, 5% of Kiss1 transcription may be sufficient for proper metabolic control, as was shown for fertility. Moreover, the observed alterations in Tc suggest that kisspeptin has a role in circadian and ultradian rhythm-driven pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia S Kavanagh
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jason Tadi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sydney M Balkenhol
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander S Kauffman
- Department of OBGYN and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shane K Maloney
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeremy T Smith
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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12
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Duittoz A, Cayla X, Fleurot R, Lehnert J, Khadra A. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and kisspeptin: It takes two to tango. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13037. [PMID: 34533248 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin (Kp), a family of peptides comprising products of the Kiss1 gene, was discovered 20 years ago; it is recognised as the major factor controlling the activity of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones and thus the activation of the reproductive axis in mammals. It has been widely documented that the effects of Kp on reproduction through its action on GnRH neurones are mediated by the GPR54 receptor. Kp controls the activation of the reproductive axis at puberty, maintains reproductive axis activity in adults and is involved in triggering ovulation in some species. Although there is ample evidence coming from both conditional knockout models and conditional-induced Kp neurone death implicating the Kp/GPR54 pathway in the control of reproduction, the mechanism(s) underlying this process may be more complex than a sole direct control of GnRH neuronal activity by Kp. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advances made in elucidating the interplay between Kp- and GnRH- neuronal networks with respect to regulating the reproductive axis. We highlight the existence of a possible mutual regulation between GnRH and Kp neurones, as well as the implication of Kp-dependent volume transmission in this process. We also discuss the capacity of heterodimerisation between GPR54 and GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) and its consequences on signalling. Finally, we illustrate the role of mathematical modelling that accounts for the synergy between GnRH-R and GPR54 in explaining the role of these two receptors when defining GnRH neuronal activity and GnRH pulsatile release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Duittoz
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC) UMR7247 INRA, CNRS, Centre INRAe Val de Loire, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Xavier Cayla
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC) UMR7247 INRA, CNRS, Centre INRAe Val de Loire, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Renaud Fleurot
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC) UMR7247 INRA, CNRS, Centre INRAe Val de Loire, Université de Tours, IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Jonas Lehnert
- Department of Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anmar Khadra
- Department of Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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13
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Garcia JP, Guerriero KA, Keen KL, Kenealy BP, Seminara SB, Terasawa E. Kisspeptin and Neurokinin B Signaling Network Underlies the Pubertal Increase in GnRH Release in Female Rhesus Monkeys. Endocrinology 2017; 158:3269-3280. [PMID: 28977601 PMCID: PMC5659687 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function or inactivating mutations in the genes coding for kisspeptin and its receptor (KISS1R) or neurokinin B (NKB) and the NKB receptor (NK3R) in humans result in a delay in or the absence of puberty. However, precise mechanisms of kisspeptin and NKB signaling in the regulation of the pubertal increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release in primates are unknown. In this study, we conducted a series of experiments infusing agonists and antagonists of kisspeptin and NKB into the stalk-median eminence, where GnRH, kisspeptin, and NKB neuroterminal fibers are concentrated, and measuring GnRH release in prepubertal and pubertal female rhesus monkeys. Results indicate that (1) similar to those previously reported for GnRH stimulation by the KISS1R agonist (i.e., human kisspeptin-10), the NK3R agonist senktide stimulated GnRH release in a dose-responsive manner in both prepubertal and pubertal monkeys; (2) the senktide-induced GnRH release was blocked in the presence of the KISS1R antagonist peptide 234 in pubertal but not prepubertal monkeys; and (3) the kisspeptin-induced GnRH release was blocked in the presence of the NK3R antagonist SB222200 in the pubertal but not prepubertal monkeys. These results are interpreted to mean that although, in prepubertal female monkeys, kisspeptin and NKB signaling to GnRH release is independent, in pubertal female monkeys, a reciprocal signaling mechanism between kisspeptin and NKB neurons is established. We speculate that this cooperative mechanism by the kisspeptin and NKB network underlies the pubertal increase in GnRH release in female monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Garcia
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53715
| | | | - Kim L. Keen
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53715
| | - Brian P. Kenealy
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53715
| | - Stephanie B. Seminara
- Reproductive Endocrine Unit and the Harvard Reproductive Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Ei Terasawa
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53715
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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14
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Ancel C, Inglis MA, Anderson GM. Central RFRP-3 Stimulates LH Secretion in Male Mice and Has Cycle Stage-Dependent Inhibitory Effects in Females. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2873-2883. [PMID: 28475692 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RFamide-related peptide (RFRP)-3 is a neuropeptide thought to play an inhibitory role in the regulation of reproduction in various mammalian species, although some stimulatory effects have been reported. To date, the effects of RFRP-3 on gonadotropin secretion have been scarcely studied in mice. The aim of the current study was to characterize the effect of RFRP-3 administration on gonadotropin secretion in male and female mice. Adult intact and castrated male mice received acute central injections of 0.5 to 5 nmol of RFRP-3, and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentration was assayed in tail-tip blood samples. RFRP-3 had a dose-dependent stimulatory effect on LH secretion when administered centrally to both intact and castrated mice, and this effect was diminished when RFRP-3 was administered to kisspeptin receptor knockout mice. In female mice, central RFRP-3 had an inhibitory effect on LH secretion when administered at the time of the preovulatory LH surge in intact mice, or of an estradiol-induced LH surge in ovariectomized mice. Conversely, central RFRP-3 administration had no effect on LH levels in intact diestrus or ovariectomized, low-dose estradiol-implanted mice. Finally, peripheral administration of RFRP-3 to intact males and to females at the time of the preovulatory LH surge or during diestrus had no effect on LH secretion. Taken together, these results provide a detailed description of sex- and cycle stage-dependent effects of RFRP-3 on gonadotrophin secretion in mice. Moreover, it appears that the stimulatory effects are mediated in part by the receptor for kisspeptin, a potent stimulator of the reproductive axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ancel
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Megan A Inglis
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Greg M Anderson
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Anatomy, University of Otago School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Adekunbi DA, Li XF, Li S, Adegoke OA, Iranloye BO, Morakinyo AO, Lightman SL, Taylor PD, Poston L, O’Byrne KT. Role of amygdala kisspeptin in pubertal timing in female rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183596. [PMID: 28846730 PMCID: PMC5573137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism by which maternal obesity disrupts reproductive function in offspring, we examined Kiss1 expression in the hypothalamic arcuate (ARC) and anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) nuclei, and posterodorsal medial amygdala (MePD) of pre-pubertal and young adult offspring. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a standard or energy-dense diet for six weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Male and female offspring were weaned onto normal diet on postnatal day (pnd) 21. Brains were collected on pnd 30 or 100 for qRT-PCR to determine Kiss1 mRNA levels. Maternal obesity increased Kiss1 mRNA expression in the MePD of pre-pubertal male and female offspring, whereas Kiss1 expression was not affected in the ARC or AVPV at this age. Maternal obesity reduced Kiss1 expression in all three brain regions of 3 month old female offspring, but only in MePD of males. The role of MePD kisspeptin on puberty, estrous cyclicity and preovulatory LH surges was assessed directly in a separate group of post-weanling and young adult female rats exposed to a normal diet throughout their life course. Bilateral intra-MePD cannulae connected to osmotic mini-pumps for delivery of kisspeptin receptor antagonist (Peptide 234 for 14 days) were chronically implanted on pnd 21 or 100. Antagonism of MePD kisspeptin delayed puberty onset, disrupted estrous cyclicity and reduced the incidence of LH surges. These data show that the MePD plays a key role in pubertal timing and ovulation and that maternal obesity may act via amygdala kisspeptin signaling to influence reproductive function in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Adekunbi
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Xiao Feng Li
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shengyun Li
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olufeyi A. Adegoke
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Bolanle O. Iranloye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayodele O. Morakinyo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Stafford L. Lightman
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Taylor
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucilla Poston
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin T. O’Byrne
- Division of Women’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Wang P, Wang M, Ji G, Yang S, Zhang S, Liu Z. Demonstration of a Functional Kisspeptin/Kisspeptin Receptor System in Amphioxus With Implications for Origin of Neuroendocrine Regulation. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1461-1473. [PMID: 28324048 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Amphioxus belongs to the Cephalochordata, which is the most basal subphylum of the chordates. Despite many studies on the endocrine system of amphioxus, key information about its regulation remains ambiguous. Here we clearly demonstrate the presence of a functional kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptor (Kiss-Kissr) system, which is involved in the regulation of reproduction in amphioxus. Evolutionary analyses revealed large expansion of Kiss and Kissr (gpr54) genes in amphioxus, and they might represent the ancestral type of the Kiss/gpr54 genes in chordates. Amphioxus Kiss was obviously expression at the cerebral vesicle and the Hatschek pit, whereas amphioxus gpr54 messenger RNA (mRNA) was abundantly present in nerve cord, ovary, and testes. Amphioxus GPR54-Like1 (GPR54L-1) was shown to be located on the cell membrane. The synthetic amphioxus Kiss-like (KissL) peptides were capable of activating the amphioxus GPR54L-1 with different potencies, hinting the interaction between Kiss and GPR54. Moreover, the expression of amphioxus gpr54 mRNA was significantly decreased during low or high temperature extremes. Importantly, the injection of amphioxus KissL could cause an elevation of zebrafish blood luteinizing hormone level and induce the expression of amphioxus gpb5, a gene encoding the ancestral type of vertebrate pituitary glycoprotein hormones. Also, the expression levels of BjkissL-2 or Bjgpr54L-1 were downregulated after spermiation or spawning. Collectively, the amphioxus Kiss-Kissr system has a correlation with the regulation of reproduction. Our studies provide insights into the functional roles and evolutionary history of the Kiss-Kissr system, as well as the origin of the vertebrate neuroendocrine axis for controlling reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guangdong Ji
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhenhui Liu
- Laboratory for Evolution & Development, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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17
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Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski PA, Sassek M, Sliwowska JH. Kisspeptin-10 inhibits proliferation and regulates lipolysis and lipogenesis processes in 3T3-L1 cells and isolated rat adipocytes. Endocrine 2017; 56:54-64. [PMID: 28194651 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Kisspeptin, which is encoded by the KISS1 gene and acts via GPR54, plays a role in the regulation of reproductive functions. Expression of KISS1 and GRPR54 has been found in peripheral tissues, including adipose tissue, and was shown to be influenced by metabolic status. PURPOSE We hypothesized that kisspeptin could be involved in regulation of lipid metabolism in the mouse 3T3-L1 cell line and in isolated rat adipocytes. METHODS First, we characterized expression profiles of KISS1 and GPR54 mRNA and proteins in adipose cells isolated from male rats. Secondly, we studied the effects of kisspeptin-10 on cell proliferation and survival in 3T3-L1 cells. Thirdly, we assessed the rapid action of kisspeptin-10 on lipid metabolism and glucose uptake using 3T3-L1 cells and rat primary adipocytes. Finally, we examined the effects of kisspeptin-10 on the secretion of leptin and adiponectin in rat adipocytes. RESULTS We have found that: (1) KISS1 and GPR54 were expressed in mouse 3T3-L1 cells and isolated rat adipocytes; (2) kisspeptin-10: (i) inhibited cell proliferation, viability and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 and decreased expression of PPAR-γ and CEBPβ-genes, which are involved in the differentiation processes and adipogenesis; (ii) increased lipolysis in 3T3-L1 cells and rat adipocytes by enhancing expression of periliphin and hormone-sensitive lipase; (iii) modulated glucose uptake and lipogenesis; (iv) stimulated leptin and decreased adiponectin secretion from rat adipocytes. CONCLUSION Kisspeptin-10 could play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism in mouse 3T3-L1 cells and rat adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł A Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna H Sliwowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625, Poznan, Poland.
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18
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Abstract
The timing of puberty onset varies greatly among individuals, and much of this variation is modulated by genetic factors. This study aimed to identify the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) gene variations and to investigate the associations between these variations and central precocious puberty (CPP). Korean girls with CPP (n = 194) and their healthy controls (n = 99) were included in this study. The entire coding region and the exon-intron boundaries (exon 1 through 5) of the KISS1R gene were directly sequenced. Seven polymorphisms were identified in the KISS1R gene. A missense change c.1091T>A, and an intron variant c.738+64G>T showed significantly higher allele frequencies in CPP patients than in controls (c.1091T>A: 30.7% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.031; c.738+64G>T: 45.6% vs. 35.9%, P = 0.023). The missense variant (c.1091T>A) was a nonsynonymous polymorphism that induces amino acid substitution of p.Leu364His. The haplotype CAGTGTC was detected more frequently in the CPP group (P = 0.042). The sequence variants of the KISS1R gene can be inducible factors in the development of CPP. The association between sequence variants and CPP should be validated by further evidence obtained from larger samples of children with CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joung Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jun Rhie
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyoung Nam
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Hyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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19
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Sarchielli E, Comeglio P, Squecco R, Ballerini L, Mello T, Guarnieri G, Idrizaj E, Mazzanti B, Vignozzi L, Gallina P, Maggi M, Vannelli GB, Morelli A. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Impairs Kisspeptin Signaling in Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Primary Neurons. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:46-56. [PMID: 27736314 PMCID: PMC5413096 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inflammatory pathways may impair central regulatory networks involving gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron activity. Studies in humans are limited by the lack of human GnRH neuron cell lines. OBJECTIVE To establish an in vitro model of human GnRH neurons and analyze the effects of proinflammatory cytokines. DESIGN The primary human fetal hypothalamic cells (hfHypo) were isolated from 12-week-old fetuses. Responsiveness to kisspeptin, the main GnRH neurons' physiological regulator, was evaluated for biological characterization. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was used as a proinflammatory stimulus. Main Outcome Measures: Expression of specific GnRH neuron markers by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry analyses; and GnRH-releasing ability and electrophysiological changes in response to kisspeptin. RESULTS The primary hfHypo showed a high percentage of GnRH-positive cells (80%), expressing a functional kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) and able to release GnRH in response to kisspeptin. TNF-α exposure determined a specific inflammatory intracellular signaling and reduced GnRH secretion, KISS1R expression, and kisspeptin-induced depolarizing effect. Moreover, hfHypo possessed a primary cilium, whose assembly was inhibited by TNF-α. CONCLUSION The hfHypo cells represent a novel tool for investigations on human GnRH neuron biology. TNF-α directly affects GnRH neuron function by interfering with KISS1R expression and ciliogenesis, thereby impairing kisspeptin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lara Ballerini
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Tommaso Mello
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio,” University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Benedetta Mazzanti
- Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | | | - Pasquale Gallina
- Neurosurgery School of Tuscany, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; and
| | - Mario Maggi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit and
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, 00136 Rome, Italy
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20
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Yang R, Wang YM, Zhang L, Zhao ZM, Zhao J, Peng SQ. Prepubertal exposure to an oestrogenic mycotoxin zearalenone induces central precocious puberty in immature female rats through the mechanism of premature activation of hypothalamic kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 437:62-74. [PMID: 27519634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic epidemics and several researches in rodents indicated that zearalenone (ZEA) and its metabolites, the prevailing oestrogenic mycotoxins in foodstuffs, were a triggering factor for true precocious puberty development in girls. Nevertheless, the neuroendocrine mechanism through which ZEA mycoestrogens advance puberty onset is not fully understood. To elucidate this issue, hypothalamic kisspeptin-G-protein coupled receptor-54 (GPR54) signaling pathway that regulates the onset of puberty was focused on in the present study. Immature female SD rats were given a daily intragastric administration of corn oil (vehicle control), 50 μg/kg body weight (bw) of 17β-estradiol (E2, positive control), and 3 doses (0.2, 1 and 5 mg/kg bw) of ZEA for consecutive 5 days starting from postnatal day 15, respectively. Puberty onset was evaluated by detecting the physiological and hormonal responses, and hypothalamic kisspeptin-GPR54 pathway was determined to reveal the neuroendocrine mechanism. As the markers of puberty onset, vaginal opening was significantly accelerated and uterine weight was increased in both E2 and 5 mg/kg ZEA groups. Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and estradiol were also markedly elevated by E2 and 5 mg/kg ZEA, which is compatible with the changes in peripheral reproductive organs. The mRNA and protein expressions of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were both obviously elevated by E2 and 5 mg/kg ZEA. GnRH expression changes occurred in parallel with increased expressions of hypothalamic Kiss1 and its receptor GPR54 at both mRNA and protein levels. Most of these changes were also noted in 1 mg/kg ZEA group, but none in 0.2 mg/kg group. Therefore, within the context of this study, the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for ZEA in terms of oestrogenic activity and puberty-promoting effect in immature female rats was considered to be 0.2 mg/kg bw per day, and the Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) was 1 mg/kg bw per day. In conclusion, prepubertal exposure to dietary relevant levels of ZEA induced central precocious puberty in female rats by premature activation of hypothalamic kisspeptin-GPR54-GnRH signaling pathway, followed by the stimulation of gonadotropins release at an earlier age, resulting in the advancement of vaginal opening and enlargement of uterus at periphery.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Estrogens/toxicity
- Estrous Cycle/drug effects
- Female
- Genitalia, Female/drug effects
- Genitalia, Female/growth & development
- Genitalia, Female/pathology
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism
- Hormones/blood
- Hypothalamus/drug effects
- Hypothalamus/metabolism
- Kisspeptins/metabolism
- Male
- Mycotoxins/toxicity
- Pituitary Gland/drug effects
- Pituitary Gland/metabolism
- Puberty, Precocious/blood
- Puberty, Precocious/chemically induced
- Puberty, Precocious/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Kisspeptin-1
- Receptors, LHRH/genetics
- Receptors, LHRH/metabolism
- Sexual Maturation/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Zearalenone/toxicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Yi-Mei Wang
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Zeng-Ming Zhao
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Shuang-Qing Peng
- Evaluation and Research Center for Toxicology, Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, PR China.
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21
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Tolson KP, Garcia C, Delgado I, Marooki N, Kauffman AS. Metabolism and Energy Expenditure, But Not Feeding or Glucose Tolerance, Are Impaired in Young Kiss1r KO Female Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4192-4199. [PMID: 27649089 PMCID: PMC5086529 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin regulates reproduction via signaling through the receptor, Kiss1r, in GnRH neurons. However, both kisspeptin and Kiss1r are produced in several peripheral tissues, and recent studies have highlighted a role for kisspeptin signaling in metabolism and glucose homeostasis. We recently reported that Kiss1r knockout (KO) mice display a sexually dimorphic metabolic phenotype, with KO females displaying obesity, impaired metabolism, and glucose intolerance at 4-5 months of age. However, it remains unclear when this metabolic phenotype first emerges in development, or which aspects of the pleiotropic phenotype underlie the metabolic defects and which are secondary to the obesity. Here, we studied Kiss1r KO females at different ages, including several weeks before the emergence of body weight (BW) differences and later when obesity is present. We determined that at young adult ages (6 wk old), KO females already exhibit altered adiposity, leptin levels, metabolism, and energy expenditure, despite having normal BWs at this time. In contrast, food intake, water intake, and glucose tolerance are normal at young ages and only show impairments at older adult ages, suggesting that these impairments may be secondary to earlier alterations in metabolism and adiposity. We also demonstrate that, in addition to BW, all other facets of the adult metabolic phenotype persist even when gonadal sex steroids are similar between genotypes. Collectively, these data highlight the developmental emergence of a metabolic phenotype induced by disrupted kisspeptin signaling and reveal that multiple, but not all, aspects of this phenotype are already disrupted before detectable changes in BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen P Tolson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Christian Garcia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Iris Delgado
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Nuha Marooki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Alexander S Kauffman
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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22
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Luo QQ, Hou Y, Yin N, Zhang HQ. Expression of kisspeptin/kiss1r system in developing hypothalamus of female rat and the possible effects on reproduction development and maintenance. J Chin Med Assoc 2016; 79:546-53. [PMID: 27373140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kisspeptin/kiss1r system, expressed in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, has been proclaimed as one of the most powerful factors of the reproduction axis, according to recent researches in the reproductive field. The aim of this study was to ascertain the expression of kisspeptin, its receptor (kiss1r), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and to explore the role on the development and maintenance of the reproductive function of developing female rats. METHODS Expressions of the kisspeptin/kiss1r system were examined by immunohistochemistry and Real time Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Expressions of estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Expression of the kisspeptin/kiss1r system increased time dependently with aging, and their peak expression was demonstrated in the adult stage. GnRH showed a similar expression pattern to that of the kisspeptin/kiss1r system. ELISA results demonstrated that the E2, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion increased time dependently from infancy to prepuberty to puberty. However, E2 level decreased significantly in adult rats. Morphological changes of ovaries showed that primordial follicles, primary follicles, and growing follicle inhabited the dominant status in infancy, prepuberty, and puberty stages, respectively. CONCLUSION GnRH neurons may play an intermediate role in the activation and maintenance of the reproductive function regulated by the kisspeptin/kiss1r system, which may also indirectly regulate the serum level of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and E2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Luo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yun Hou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Na Yin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Hong-Qin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bin Zhou Medical University, Yantai, China.
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23
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Gresham R, Li S, Adekunbi DA, Hu M, Li XF, O'Byrne KT. Kisspeptin in the medial amygdala and sexual behavior in male rats. Neurosci Lett 2016; 627:13-7. [PMID: 27233219 PMCID: PMC4944646 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The medial amygdala (MeA) is crucial for sexual behavior; kisspeptin (Kiss1) also plays a role in sexual function. Kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1r) knockout mice display no sexual behavior. Recently Kiss1 and Kiss1r have been discovered in the posterodorsal subnucleus of the medial amygdala (MePD). We hypothesised that Kiss1 in the MePD may have an influence on male sexual behavior. To test this we bilaterally cannulated the MePD and infused kisspeptin-10 in male rats. This caused the rats to have multiple erections, an effect specific to Kiss1 receptor activation, because Kiss1r antagonism blocked the erectile response. When Kiss1 was infused into the lateral cerebroventricle, there were no observed erections. We also measured the plasma levels of LH when Kiss1 is infused into the MePD or lateral cerebroventricle; Kiss1 increased plasma LH to comparable levels when infused into both sites. We conclude that Kiss1 has a role in male sexual behavior, which is specific to the MePD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gresham
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Shengyun Li
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Daniel A Adekunbi
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Minghan Hu
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Xiao Feng Li
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Kevin T O'Byrne
- Division of Women's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK.
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Dudek M, Kołodziejski PA, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Ziarniak K, Nowak KW, Sliwowska JH. Effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes on Kiss1 and GPR54 expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and peripheral organs (fat, pancreas and liver) in male rats. Neuropeptides 2016; 56:41-9. [PMID: 26853724 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent data indicates that kisspeptin, encoded by the KISS1 gene, could play a role in transducing metabolic information into the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, the mechanism that controls reproductive functions. Numerous studies have shown that in a state of negative energy balance, the hypothalamic kisspeptin system is impaired. However, data concerning positive energy balance (e.g. diabetes and obesity) and the role of kisspeptin in the peripheral tissues is scant. We hypothesized that: 1) in diet-induced obese (DIO) male rats and/or rats with diabetes type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2), altered reproductive functions are related to an imbalance in Kiss1 and GPR54 mRNA in the HPG axis; and 2) in DIO and/or DM1 and/or DM2 rats, Kiss1 and GPR 54 expression are altered in the peripheral tissues involved in metabolic functions (fat, pancreas and liver). Animals were fed a high-fat or control diets and STZ (streptozotocin - toxin, which destroys the pancreas) was injected in high or low doses to induce diabetes type 1 (DM1) or diabetes type 2 (DM2), respectively. RT-PCR and Western blot techniques were used to assess the expression of Kiss1 and GRP54 in tissues. At the level of mRNA, we found that diabetic but not obese rats have alterations in Kiss1 and/or GPR54 mRNA levels in the HPG axis as well as in peripheral tissues involved in metabolic functions (fat, pancreas and liver). The most severe changes were seen in DM1 rats. However, in the case of protein levels in the peripheral tissues (fat, pancreas and liver), changes in Kiss1/GPR54 expression were noticed in DIO, DM1 and DM2 animals and were tissue-specific. Our data support the hypothesis that alterations in Kiss1/GPR54 balance may account for both reproductive and metabolic abnormalities reported in obese and diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dudek
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - P A Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - E Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - M Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - K Ziarniak
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - K W Nowak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołynska 33, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
| | - J H Sliwowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71C, 60-625 Poznan, Poland.
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Uno M, Kokuryo T, Yokoyama Y, Senga T, Nagino M. α-Bisabolol Inhibits Invasiveness and Motility in Pancreatic Cancer Through KISS1R Activation. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:583-589. [PMID: 26851012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
α-Bisabolol is a plant-derived, oily sesquiterpene alcohol that induces apoptosis of various cancer cells. We previously reported the antiproliferative effects of α-bisabolol on pancreatic cancer cell lines using in vitro and in vivo experiments. However, the effects of α-bisabolol on tumor invasiveness and motility are still unknown. In this study, demonstrated that α-bisabolol suppressed the invasiveness and motility of a pancreatic cancer cell line. Although Early growth response 1 (EGR1) was involved in antiproliferative effects of α-bisabolol, it had no relationship with the inhibitory effect of α-bisabolol on cellular invasiveness and motility. Polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that α-bisabolol induced Kisspeptin 1 receptor (KISS1R) in pancreatic cancer cell lines. The inhibition of KISS1R weakened the inhibitory effect of α-bisabolol on invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells. The results also implied that the inhibitory effects of α-bisabolol on tumor invasiveness and motility are at least partly associated with the activation of KISS1R. However, there is a possibility that other molecular mechanisms of α-bisabolol regulate invasiveness and motility in pancreatic cancer cells. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the precise mechanisms of α-bisabolol activity for clinical application as a novel treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Uno
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshio Kokuryo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yokoyama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Department of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masato Nagino
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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WANG CHUNHUI, QIAO CHONG, WANG RUOCHEN, ZHOU WENPING. KiSS‑1‑mediated suppression of the invasive ability of human pancreatic carcinoma cells is not dependent on the level of KiSS‑1 receptor GPR54. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:123-9. [PMID: 26572251 PMCID: PMC4686058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of local invasion and lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer limits survival following surgical intervention and additional therapies. Reduced expression of KiSS‑1 in pancreatic cancer is associated with cancer metastasis. Previous studies have indicated that kisspeptin, the KiSS‑1 peptide, is able to bind to its receptor‑GPR54 (hOT7T175) and suppress the migration of PANC‑1 pancreatic cancer cells. Whether the metastatic suppression of KiSS‑1 is dependent on the levels of GPR54 in pancreatic cancer cell lines remains unclear. Human BxPC‑3 pancreatic carcinoma cells are highly differentiated without exhibiting metastasis, however PANC‑1 pancreatic carcinoma cells are poorly differentiated and exhibit local and lymph node metastasis. Compared with primary cultured trophoblasts, BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cells were observed to express low levels of KiSS‑1 mRNA and protein, measured using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. However, greater mRNA and protein expression levels of GPR54 were observed in PANC‑1 cells compared with BxPc‑3 cells. An MTT assay was used to investigate the effect of KiSS‑1 on BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cell proliferation. There were no significant differences in proliferation following transfection with KiSS‑1 in BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cells compared with the controls (P>0.05). A Transwell assay with chambers coated with Matrigel was used to evaluate the in vitro invasive ability of BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cells, with the invasion index of BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cells significantly reduced following 48 h of KiSS‑1 overexpression (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of KiSS‑1 were significantly increased in BxPc‑3 and PANC‑1 cells 48 h subsequent to transfection with KiSS‑1 (P<0.05), while GPR54 expression was not altered (P>0.05). KiSS‑1 is a metastasis suppressor gene of pancreatic cancer, and this suppression is not dependent on the expression levels of GPR54. Therefore, KiSS‑1 is potentially a novel target for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHUN-HUI WANG
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - CHONG QIAO
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - RUO-CHEN WANG
- Liaoning Province Shiyan High School, Shenyang, Liaoning 110841, P.R. China
| | - WEN-PING ZHOU
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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Min L, Nie M, Zhang A, Wen J, Noel SD, Lee V, Carroll RS, Kaiser UB. Computational Analysis of Missense Variants of G Protein-Coupled Receptors Involved in the Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproduction. Neuroendocrinology 2016; 103:230-9. [PMID: 26088945 PMCID: PMC4684493 DOI: 10.1159/000435884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many missense variants in G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in the neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction have been identified by phenotype-driven or large-scale exome sequencing. Computational functional prediction analysis is commonly performed to evaluate their impact on receptor function. METHODS To assess the performance and outcome of functional prediction analyses for these GPCRs, we performed a statistical analysis of the prediction performance of SIFT and PolyPhen-2 for variants with documented biological function as well as variants retrieved from Ensembl. We obtained missense variants with documented biological function testing from patients with reproductive disorders from a comprehensive literature search. Missense variants from individuals with known reproductive disorders were retrieved from the Human Gene Mutation Database. Missense variants from the general population were retrieved from the Ensembl genome database. RESULTS The accuracies of SIFT and PolyPhen-2 were 83 and 85%, respectively. The performance of both prediction tools was greater in predicting loss-of-function variants (SIFT: 92%; PolyPhen-2: 95%) than in predicting variants that did not affect function (SIFT: 54%; PolyPhen-2: 57%). Concordance between SIFT and PolyPhen-2 did not improve accuracy. Surprisingly, approximately half of the variants retrieved from Ensembl were predicted as loss-of-function variants by SIFT (47%) and PolyPhen-2 (54%). CONCLUSION Our findings provide new guidance for interpreting the results and limitations of computational functional prediction analyses for GPCRs and will help to determine which variants require biological function testing. In addition, our findings raise important questions regarding the link between genotype and phenotype in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Min
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed: Le Min, M.D., Ph.D., Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
| | - Min Nie
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Anna Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Junping Wen
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Sekoni D. Noel
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Vivian Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Rona S. Carroll
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Ursula B. Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
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Gaytan F, Morales C, Leon S, Garcia-Galiano D, Roa J, Tena-Sempere M. Crowding and Follicular Fate: Spatial Determinants of Follicular Reserve and Activation of Follicular Growth in the Mammalian Ovary. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144099. [PMID: 26642206 PMCID: PMC4671646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Initiation of growth of resting ovarian follicles is a key phenomenon for providing an adequate number of mature oocytes in each ovulation, while preventing premature exhaustion of primordial follicle reserve during the reproductive lifespan. Resting follicle dynamics strongly suggest that primordial follicles are under constant inhibitory influences, by mechanisms and factors whose nature remains ill defined. In this work, we aimed to assess the influence of spatial determinants, with special attention to clustering patterns and crowding, on the fate of early follicles in the adult mouse and human ovary. To this end, detailed histological and morphometric analyses, targeting resting and early growing follicles, were conducted in ovaries from mice, either wild type (WT) or genetically modified to lack kisspeptin receptor expression (Kiss1r KO), and healthy adult women. Kiss1r KO mice were studied as model of persistent hypogonadotropism and anovulation. Different qualitative and quantitative indices of the patterns of spatial distribution of resting and early growing follicles in the mouse and human ovary, including the Morisita’s index of clustering, were obtained. Our results show that resting primordial follicles display a clear-cut clustered pattern of spatial distribution in adult mouse and human ovaries, and that resting follicle aggrupation is inversely correlated with the proportion of follicles initiating growth and entering into the growing pool. As a whole, our data suggest that resting follicle crowding, defined by changes in density and clustered pattern of distribution, is a major determinant of follicular activation and the fate of ovarian reserve. Uneven follicle crowding would constitute the structural counterpart of the major humoral regulators of early follicular growth, with potential implications in ovarian ageing and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gaytan
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- * E-mail: (FG); (MT-S)
| | | | - Silvia Leon
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Garcia-Galiano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Roa
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
- FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail: (FG); (MT-S)
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Abstract
RF9, a reported antagonist of the mammalian gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone receptor, stimulates gonadotropin secretion in mammals. Recent studies have suggested that the stimulatory effect of RF9 on gonadotropin secretion relies on intact kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Using Chinese Hamster Ovary cells stably transfected with KISS1R, we show that RF9 binds specifically to KISS1R, with a Kd of 1.6 × 10(-5)M, and stimulates an increase in intracellular calcium and inositol phosphate accumulation in a KISS1R-dependent manner, with EC50 values of 3.0 × 10(-6)M and 1.6 × 10(-7)M, respectively. RF9 also stimulated ERK phosphorylation, with a time course similar to that of kisspeptin-10. RFRP-3, the putative endogenous ligand for NPFFR1, did not stimulate inositol phosphate accumulation or pERK, nor did it alter responses to of kisspeptin-10 or RF9. In agreement with these in vitro data, we found that RF9 stimulated a robust LH increase in Npffr1(-/-) mice, similar to that in wild-type littermates, whereas the stimulatory effect of RF9 was markedly reduced in Kiss1r(-/-) and double Kiss1r(-/-)/Npfrr1(-/-) mice. The stimulatory effect of RF9 on LH secretion was restored by the selective rescue of Kiss1r expression in GnRH neurons, in Kiss1r(-/-T) mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates that RF9 acts primarily as a KISS1R agonist, but not as an allosteric modulator, to stimulate LH secretion. Our findings raise questions regarding the utility of RF9 for assessing NPFF1R function and de-emphasize a predominant role of this signaling system in central regulation of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Min
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Silvia Leon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Huan Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Leonor Pinilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Rona S Carroll
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Ursula B Kaiser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension (L.M., H.L., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, 14004 Spain; and FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology (M.T.-S.), University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
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Kriszt R, Winkler Z, Polyák Á, Kuti D, Molnár C, Hrabovszky E, Kalló I, Szőke Z, Ferenczi S, Kovács KJ. Xenoestrogens Ethinyl Estradiol and Zearalenone Cause Precocious Puberty in Female Rats via Central Kisspeptin Signaling. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3996-4007. [PMID: 26248220 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Xenoestrogens from synthetic or natural origin represent an increasing risk of disrupted endocrine functions including the physiological activity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonad axis. Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is a synthetic estrogen used in contraceptive pills, whereas zearalenone (ZEA) is a natural mycoestrogen found with increasing prevalence in various cereal crops. Both EE2 and ZEA are agonists of estrogen receptor-α and accelerate puberty. However, the neuroendocrine mechanisms that are responsible for this effect remain unknown. Immature female Wistar rats were treated with EE2 (10 μg/kg), ZEA (10 mg/kg), or vehicle for 10 days starting from postnatal day 18. As a marker of puberty, the vaginal opening was recorded and neuropeptide and related transcription factor mRNA levels were measured by quantitative real time PCR and in situ hybridization histochemistry. Both ZEA and EE2 accelerated the vaginal opening, increased the uterine weight and the number of antral follicles in the ovary, and resulted in the increased central expression of gnrh. These changes occurred in parallel with an earlier increase of kiss1 mRNA in the anteroventral and rostral periventricular hypothalamus and an increased kisspeptin (KP) fiber density and KP-GnRH appositions in the preoptic area. These changes are compatible with a mechanism in which xenoestrogens overstimulate the developmentally unprepared reproductive system, which results in an advanced vaginal opening and an enlargement of the uterus at the periphery. Within the hypothalamus, ZEA and EE2 directly activate anteroventral and periventricular KP neurons to stimulate GnRH mRNA. However, GnRH and gonadotropin release and ovulation are disrupted due to xenoestrogen-mediated inhibitory KP signaling in the arcuate nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rókus Kriszt
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Winkler
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Polyák
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Kuti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Molnár
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erik Hrabovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Kalló
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Szőke
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilamér Ferenczi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina J Kovács
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroendocrinology (R.K., Z.W., A.P., D.K., S.F., K.J.K.) and Department of Endocrine Neurobiology (C.M., E.H., I.K.), Institute of Experimental Medicine, and Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics (A.P.), Tamás Roska Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest H-1083, Hungary; Soft Flow Hungary Research and Development Ltd (Z.S.), Pécs H-7628, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences (R.K., Z.W., D.K.), Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Outeiriño-Iglesias V, Romaní-Pérez M, González-Matías LC, Vigo E, Mallo F. GLP-1 Increases Preovulatory LH Source and the Number of Mature Follicles, As Well As Synchronizing the Onset of Puberty in Female Rats. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4226-37. [PMID: 26252058 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Control of estrous cycle and reproductive capacity involves a large number of central and peripheral factors, integrating numerous nutritional and metabolic signals. Here we show that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a peptide with anorexigenic and insulinotropic actions, and the GLP-1 receptor agonist Exendin-4 (Ex4) exert a regulatory influence on the gonadal axis, in both adult and prepubertal female rats. In adult rats, Glp-1 receptor expression varies during the estrous cycle at the hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovary. Furthermore, acute treatment with GLP-1 in the morning proestrus doubled the amplitude of the preovulatory LH surge, as well as influencing estradiol and progesterone levels along the estrous cycle. These changes provoked an important increase in the number of Graafian follicles and corpora lutea, as well as in the litter size. Conversely, Ex4 diminished the levels of LH, later producing a partial blockade at the preovulatory surge, yet not affecting either the number of mature follicles or corpora lutea. Chronic administration of low doses of GLP-1 to prepubertal rats synchronized vaginal opening and increased LH levels on the 35th day of life, yet at these doses it did not modify their body weight, food intake, or ovarian and uterine weight. By contrast, chronic exposure to Ex4 produced a significant reduction in ovarian and uterine weight, and serum LH, and the animals treated chronically with Ex4 showed no vaginal opening in the period studied. Overall, our results demonstrate that GLP-1 and Ex4 act on the gonadal axis, involving the hypothalamic kisspeptin system, to influence reproductive efficiency in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Outeiriño-Iglesias
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre (Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas), University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; and Institute for Biomedical Research of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marina Romaní-Pérez
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre (Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas), University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; and Institute for Biomedical Research of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lucas C González-Matías
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre (Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas), University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; and Institute for Biomedical Research of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Eva Vigo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre (Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas), University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; and Institute for Biomedical Research of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Federico Mallo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Centre (Centro Investigaciones Biomédicas), University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, E-36310 Vigo, Spain; and Institute for Biomedical Research of Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
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Fayazi M, Calder M, Bhattacharya M, Vilos GA, Power S, Babwah AV. The pregnant mouse uterus exhibits a functional kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling system on the day of embryo implantation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:105. [PMID: 26384646 PMCID: PMC4575475 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of kisspeptin (protein) and Kiss1r (mRNA) was recently documented in the mouse uterus on D4 of pregnancy (the day of embryo implantation) suggesting that the uterine-based kisspeptin (KP)/kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) signaling system regulates embryo implantation. Despite this important suggestion, it was never demonstrated that the uterus actually exhibits a functional KP/KISS1R signaling system on D4 of pregnancy. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine whether a functional KP/KISS1R signaling system exists in the mouse uterus on D4 of pregnancy. FINDINGS Since kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling triggers the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and ERK1/2, through immunohistochemical analyses, we determined whether exogenously administered kisspeptin could trigger p38 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the uterus on D4 of pregnancy. The results clearly demonstrated that kisspeptin could and that its effects were mediated via KISS1R. Additionally, the robust kisspeptin-triggered response was observed in the pregnant uterus only. Finally, it was demonstrated that on D4 of pregnancy the Kiss1 null uterus expresses functional KISS1R molecules capable of mediating the effects of kisspeptin. CONCLUSIONS These results lead us to conclude that on D4 of pregnancy, the mouse uterus expresses a functional KP/KISS1R signaling system strengthening the possibility that this signaling system regulates embryo implantation. These findings strengthen the rationale for determining whether such a functional system exists in the uterus of the human female and if so, what role it might play in human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Fayazi
- The Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
| | - Michele Calder
- The Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
| | - Moshmi Bhattacharya
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
- Department of Oncology, London, Ontario University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
| | - George A Vilos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
| | - Stephen Power
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
| | - Andy V Babwah
- The Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5.
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Rouméas L, Humbert JP, Schneider S, Doebelin C, Bertin I, Schmitt M, Bourguignon JJ, Simonin F, Bihel F. Effects of systematic N-terminus deletions and benzoylations of endogenous RF-amide peptides on NPFF1R, NPFF2R, GPR10, GPR54 and GPR103. Peptides 2015. [PMID: 26211894 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian RF-amide peptides including RF-amide-related peptides-1 and -3, neuropeptides AF and FF, Prolactin releasing peptides, Kisspeptins and RFa peptides are currently considered endogenous peptides for the GPCRs NPFF1R, NPFF2R, GPR10, GPR54 and GPR103, respectively. While NPFF1R and NPFF2R displayed high affinity for all the RF-amide peptides, GPR10, GPR54 and GPR103 only bind their cognate ligands. Through a systematic and sequential N-terminus deletion and benzoylation of either RF-amide neuropeptide (RFRP-3, NPFF, Kp-10, PrRP20, and 26RFa), we report the corresponding impact on affinity and activity towards all the RF-amide receptors (NPFF1R, NPFF2R, GPR10, GPR54 and GPR103). Our results highlight the difficulty to develop selective peptide ligands for GPR10, GPR54 or GPR103 without a modification of the C-terminus RF-amide signature, but open the door to the design of new RF-amide peptides acting as agonist for one receptor and antagonist for another one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Rouméas
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Jean-Paul Humbert
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, 67412 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Séverine Schneider
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Christelle Doebelin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Isabelle Bertin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, 67412 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Martine Schmitt
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Bourguignon
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France
| | - Frédéric Simonin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, 67412 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
| | - Frédéric Bihel
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR7200, Faculty of pharmacy, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
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Abstract
The neuropeptide kisspeptin is a major regulator of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. Although it has long been known that kisspeptin and its receptor G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) are expressed in the developing brain well before puberty onset, the potential role of kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling in the embryonic brain has remained mysterious. Recent studies in female mice have shown that kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC) already communicate with a subset of GnRH neurons in utero. Whether this specific neural circuit is also formed in the developing male brain is not known. Here, we used a combination of different genetic strategies to analyze the ontogeny and development of the kisspeptin/GPR54 system in the male mouse brain. We demonstrate orchestrated onset of kisspeptin and GPR54 expression in the male embryonic mouse brain and find that androgen receptor and estrogen receptor-α immunoreactivity within the male brain delineate the birthplace of kisspeptin neurons in the ARC. Using conditional transsynaptic tracing from kisspeptin neurons, we find that ARC kisspeptin neurons already communicate with a subset of GnRH neurons in utero and that the neural circuits between ARC kisspeptin and GnRH neurons in the male mouse brain are established before birth. Furthermore, we also show that the connectivity between kisspeptin and GnRH neurons does not depend on the spatial position of GnRH neurons. Our data delineate the maturing neural circuits underlying control of the reproductive axis in the male embryonic mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.K., V.P., U.B.), University of Saarland School of Medicine, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; and Institute for Neural Signal Transduction (M.F., A.V.), Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Falkenried 94, D-20253 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vinod Periasamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.K., V.P., U.B.), University of Saarland School of Medicine, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; and Institute for Neural Signal Transduction (M.F., A.V.), Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Falkenried 94, D-20253 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Freese
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.K., V.P., U.B.), University of Saarland School of Medicine, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; and Institute for Neural Signal Transduction (M.F., A.V.), Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Falkenried 94, D-20253 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Voigt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.K., V.P., U.B.), University of Saarland School of Medicine, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; and Institute for Neural Signal Transduction (M.F., A.V.), Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Falkenried 94, D-20253 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Boehm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (D.K., V.P., U.B.), University of Saarland School of Medicine, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; and Institute for Neural Signal Transduction (M.F., A.V.), Center for Molecular Neurobiology, Falkenried 94, D-20253 Hamburg, Germany
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Huang BK, Mao JF, Sun Z, Han Q, Nie M, Wu XY. [Lipopolysaccharide, TNFα, IL-6, dexamethasone, and insulin increase the expression of GPR54 in the MCF7 breasr cancer cell line]. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue 2015; 21:587-592. [PMID: 26333218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6), dexamethasone (Dex), and insulin on the mRNA and protein expressions of GPR54 in the MCF7 cell line in vitro. METHODS MCF7 breasr cancer cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of LPS (10 and 20 µg/ml), TNFα (20 and 100 ng/ml), IL-6 (10 and 20 ng/ml), Dex (10(-6) and 10(-7) mol/L), and insulin (0.01 and 0.1 IU/L). Those treated with culture fluid only served as controls. The mRNA and protein expressions of GPR54 were measured by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively, after 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours of treatment. RESULTS Compared with the blank con- trol, LPS (10 and 20 µg/ml), TNFα (20 and 100 ng/ml), IL-6 (10 and 20 ng/ml), Dex (10(-6) and 10(-7) mol/L), and insulin (0.01 and 0.1 IU/L) significantly increased the expressions of GPR54 mRNA (P < 0.05) and protein (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION LPS, TNFα, IL-6, Dex, and insulin evidently increase the expression of GPR54 in the MCF7 cell line, indicating their influence on the function of gonads by regulating the GPR54 level.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE KISS1 is a metastasis suppressor gene involved in cancer biology. Given the high expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R in the hypothalamus and the pituitary respectively, we hypothesized that this system could possibly affect tumor invasiveness and clinical behavior of pituitary tumors. METHODS Expression levels of KISS1 and KISS1R mRNA were evaluated by RT-PCR. Clinical information pertaining tumor characteristics was extracted from patients' charts. RESULTS Tumors from 39 patients (21 females, mean age 47.5 years) were examined. KISS1R was expressed in 26 (67%) of samples (94% of NFPA, 42% of GH-, 67% of ACTH-, and 25% of PRL-secreting adenomas) and was found more often in female patients (81 vs. 50% males, p < 0.05); and in NFPA (94 vs. 45.5% in secreting tumors; p = 0.003). Patients expressing KISS1R were older at presentation (50.5 ± 1.4 vs. 38.1 ± 1.3 years; p = 0.008). In the multivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with KISS1R expression included female gender (OR 13.8, 95 % CI 1.22-155.9; p = 0.03) and having a NFPA (OR 24.7, 95% CI 1.50-406.4; p = 0.02). Tumor size, invasiveness and age at presentation were not independently associated with KISS1R expression. Pituitary tumors and normal pituitary were negative for KISS1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS The majority of human NFPA expressed KISS1R with lower rates of expression in other types of pituitary tumors. KISS1R expression did not impart a clinical beneficial tumor phenotype, as it was not associated with tumor size or invasiveness. Additional studies are required to elucidate the role of KISS1 receptor in pituitary gland physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Yaron
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6 Weizmann Street, 64239, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Golshan M, Hatef A, Socha M, Milla S, Butts IAE, Carnevali O, Rodina M, Sokołowska-Mikołajczyk M, Fontaine P, Linhart O, Alavi SMH. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate disrupts pituitary and testicular hormonal functions to reduce sperm quality in mature goldfish. Aquat Toxicol 2015; 163:16-26. [PMID: 25827748 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) interferes with male reproductive endocrine system in mammals, however its effects on fish reproduction are largely unknown. We evaluated sperm quality and investigated reproductive endocrine system in mature goldfish (Carassius auratus) exposed to nominal 1, 10, and 100μg/L DEHP. To examine DEHP estrogenic activity, one group of goldfish was exposed to 17β-estradiol (5μg/L E2) for comparison. Following 30d of exposure, sperm production was decreased and suppressed in DEHP and E2 treated goldfish, respectively. Sperm motility and velocity were decreased in goldfish exposed to 100 and 10μg/L DEHP at 15s post-sperm activation, respectively. Compared to control, 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels were decreased at 10 and 1μg/L DEHP at day 15 and 30, respectively. In E2 treated goldfish, 11-KT levels were decreased compared to control during the period of exposure. E2 levels were increased in goldfish exposed to E2, but remained unchanged in DEHP treated goldfish during the period of exposure. StAR mRNA levels encoding regulator of cholesterol transfer to steroidogenesis were decreased in DEHP and E2 treated goldfish following 15 and 30d of exposure, respectively. Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were decreased in DEHP and E2 treated goldfish following 15 and 30d of exposure, respectively. In DEHP treated goldfish, gnrh3, kiss1 and its receptor (gpr54) mRNA levels did not change during the experimental period. In E2 treated goldfish, gnrh3 mRNA levels were decreased at day 7, but kiss1 and gpr54 mRNA levels were increased at day 30 of exposure. The mRNA levels of genes encoding testicular LH and androgen receptors remained unchanged in DEHP and E2 treated goldfish. In contrast to E2 treated goldfish, vitellogenin production was not induced in DEHP treated goldfish and mRNA levels of genes with products mediating estrogenic effects remained unchanged or decreased. In conclusion, DEHP interferes with testis and pituitary hormonal functions to reduce sperm quality in goldfish and does not exhibit estrogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Golshan
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Azadeh Hatef
- Veterinary Biomedical Sciences Department, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Socha
- Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylvain Milla
- Research Unit Animal and Functionalities of Animal Products, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ian A E Butts
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Charlottenlund, Denmark
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Department of Marine Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marek Rodina
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | | | - Pascal Fontaine
- Research Unit Animal and Functionalities of Animal Products, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Otomar Linhart
- Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
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Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) is critical for kisspeptin to activate GnRH neurons to modulate fertility. However, the often mismatching distribution of kisspeptin and GPR54 in the brain suggests that kisspeptin may also act on other receptors. The arcuate nucleus (ARN) is one brain region with a very high density of kisspeptin fibers but only limited evidence for the expression of GPR54. Using acute brain slice electrophysiology in combination with Gpr54 knockout (GPR54KO) mouse models, we examined whether actions of kisspeptin in the ARN were dependent upon GPR54. Cell-attached recordings from unidentified ARN neurons in wild-type mice revealed that approximately one third of neurons were either excited or inhibited by kisspeptin in a dose-dependent manner. The responses of ARN neurons to kisspeptin were exactly the same in GPR54KO mice despite effects of kisspeptin on GnRH neurons being abolished. To evaluate whether kisspeptin may be acting through neuropeptide FF receptors, the effects of an agonist RFamide-related peptide 3 (RFRP-3) and antagonists RF9 and BIBP-3226 were evaluated. Both the excitatory and inhibitory effects of kisspeptin were mimicked by the agonist RFRP-3. RF9 itself activated ARN neurons and suppressed only the inhibitory actions of kisspeptin. BIBP-3226 suppressed kisspeptin actions in 50% of neurons. Whole-cell recordings in GPR54KO mice demonstrated that both kisspeptin and RFRP-3 acted directly on the same ARN neurons and activated the same ion channels. Together, these studies demonstrate that kisspeptin can act partly through neuropeptide FF receptors to modulate neuronal activity independent of GPR54 in the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhuai Liu
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology and Department of Physiology, University of Otago, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Kisspeptin, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, has many forms including kisspeptin54, kisspeptin14, kisspeptin13, and kisspeptin10, and all these peptides have the same affinity to their receptor KISS1R encoded by the Kiss1r gene. The KISS1-KISS1R system was discovered in neurons, and many reports stress on their function in the brain. However, recent studies have shown that Kiss1 and Kiss1r are expressed in the testes. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the roles of Kiss1 and Kiss1r in testicular function, especially their steroidogenic activity. METHODS Kisspeptin10 and the kisspeptin10 antagonist peptide234 were used to determine their effect on testosterone production. Moreover, expression of steroidogenic genes in mouse testes and their gonadosomatic index (weight of the testes divided by the total body weight) and also serum testosterone level were studied between the ages of 2 weeks and 15 weeks. RESULTS Kisspeptin10 and peptide234 did not affect testosterone production in primary Leydig cells from adult mice. Kiss1 and Esr1 expression also increased during puberty. The peak gonadosomatic index occurred at 4 weeks of age, and serum testosterone levels plateaued after the age of 4 weeks. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that kisspeptin10 does not affect steroidogenesis in adult Leydig cells, but its pattern of expression follows the stages of testicular development. Future studies should determine if kisspeptin regulates testicular development during puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyun-Yuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Hsiang Tseng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Leang-Shin Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Tai Yang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
The hypothalamic-based kisspeptin-signaling system is a major positive regulator of the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis in mammals. During the last decade, major advances have been made in understanding how this signaling system is regulated and how it can be manipulated clinically to achieve beneficial outcomes in treating sex steroid-dependent disorders. Interestingly, kisspeptin was not first identified as a regulator of fertility. Instead, approximately 7 years earlier KISS1 was reported to be expressed in nonmetastatic melanoma cells and was subsequently demonstrated to act as a powerful suppressor of the metastatic potential of malignant melanoma cells. Since this discovery, numerous studies have demonstrated the expression of the kisspeptin-signaling system at several peripheral sites implicating it in biological processes such as the regulation of ovarian function, embryo implantation, placentation, angiogenesis, insulin secretion, and kidney development. Although much work remains to be done to assess how important kisspeptin signaling is in regulating some of these processes, for other processes recent studies have made tremendous strides toward such an assessment. Using mice lacking either Kiss1 or Kiss1r alleles, researchers have provided compelling evidence for kisspeptin playing a major role in regulating breast cancer metastasis, oocyte survival, follicular maturation, ovulation, and embryo implantation. This review critically discusses the findings from these as well as other studies which suggest roles for kisspeptin in regulating important physiological processes beyond the brain. It also discusses the challenges that lie ahead in determining whether findings made with animal models are relevant in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshmi Bhattacharya
- The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Canada (A.V.B.); Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada (M.B., A.V.B.); Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (A.B.), London, Canada N6C 2V5; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.B., A.V.B.), Department of Oncology (M.B.), The University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5C1, Canada
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Demirbilek H, Ozbek MN, Demir K, Kotan LD, Cesur Y, Dogan M, Temiz F, Mengen E, Gurbuz F, Yuksel B, Topaloglu AK. Normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to a novel homozygous nonsense c.C969A (p.Y323X) mutation in the KISS1R gene in three unrelated families. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 82:429-38. [PMID: 25262569 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The spectrum of genetic alterations in cases of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism continue to expand. However, KISS1R mutations remain rare. The aim of this study was to understand the molecular basis of normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. METHODS Clinical characteristics, hormonal studies and genetic analyses of seven cases with idiopathic normosmic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH) from three unrelated consanguineous families are presented. RESULTS One male presented with absence of pubertal onset and required surgery for severe penoscrotal hypospadias and cryptorchidism, while other two males had absence of pubertal onset. Two of four female cases required replacement therapy for pubertal onset and maintenance, whereas the other two had spontaneous pubertal onset but incomplete maturation. In sequence analysis, we identified a novel homozygous nonsense (p.Y323X) mutation (c.C969A) in the last exon of the KISS1R gene in all clinically affected cases. CONCLUSIONS We identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in the KISS1R gene in three unrelated families with nIHH, which enabled us to observe the phenotypic consequences of this rare condition. Escape from nonsense-mediated decay, and thus production of abnormal proteins, may account for the variable severity of the phenotype. Although KISS1R mutations are extremely rare and can cause a heterogeneous phenotype, analysis of the KISS1R gene should be a part of genetic analysis of patients with nIHH, to allow better understanding of phenotype-genotype relationship of KISS1R mutations and the underlying genetic basis of patients with nIHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Demirbilek
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's State Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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42
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Semaan SJ, Kauffman AS. Daily successive changes in reproductive gene expression and neuronal activation in the brains of pubertal female mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 401:84-97. [PMID: 25498961 PMCID: PMC4312730 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Puberty is governed by the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), but the roles and identities of upstream neuropeptides that control and time puberty remain poorly understood. Indeed, how various reproductive neural gene systems change before and during puberty, and in relation to one another, is not well-characterized. We detailed the daily pubertal profile (from postnatal day [PND] 15 to PND 30) of neural Kiss1 (encoding kisspeptin), Kiss1r (kisspeptin receptor), Tac2 (neurokinin B), and Rfrp (RFRP-3, mammalian GnIH) gene expression and day-to-day c-fos induction in each of these cell types in developing female mice. Kiss1 expression in the AVPV/PeN increased substantially over the pubertal transition, reaching adult levels around vaginal opening (PND 27.5), a pubertal marker. However, AVPV/PeN Kiss1 neurons were not highly activated, as measured by c-fos co-expression, at any pubertal age. In the ARC, Kiss1 and Tac2 cell numbers showed moderate increases across the pubertal period, and neuronal activation of Tac2/Kiss1 cells was moderately elevated at all pubertal ages. Additionally, Kiss1r expression specifically in GnRH neurons was already maximal by PND 15 and did not change with puberty. Conversely, both Rfrp expression and Rfrp/c-fos co-expression in the DMN decreased markedly in the early pre-pubertal stage. This robust decrease of the inhibitory RFRP-3 population may diminish inhibition of GnRH neurons during early puberty. Collectively, our data identify the precise timing of important developmental changes - and in some cases, lack thereof - in gene expression and neuronal activation of key reproductive neuropeptides during puberty, with several changes occurring well before vaginal opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila J Semaan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander S Kauffman
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Navarro VM, Bosch MA, León S, Simavli S, True C, Pinilla L, Carroll RS, Seminara SB, Tena-Sempere M, Rønnekleiv OK, Kaiser UB. The integrated hypothalamic tachykinin-kisspeptin system as a central coordinator for reproduction. Endocrinology 2015; 156:627-37. [PMID: 25422875 PMCID: PMC4298326 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinins are comprised of the family of related peptides, substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and neurokinin B (NKB). NKB has emerged as regulator of kisspeptin release in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), whereas the roles of SP and NKA in reproduction remain unknown. This work explores the roles of SP and NKA in the central regulation of GnRH release. First, central infusion of specific agonists for the receptors of SP (neurokinin receptor 1, NK1R), NKA (NK2R) and NKB (NK3R) each induced gonadotropin release in adult male and ovariectomized, estradiol-replaced female mice, which was absent in Kiss1r(-/-) mice, indicating a kisspeptin-dependent action. The NK2R agonist, however, decreased LH release in ovariectomized-sham replaced females, as documented for NK3R agonists but in contrast to the NK1R agonist, which further increased LH release. Second, Tac1 (encoding SP and NKA) expression in the ARC and ventromedial nucleus was inhibited by circulating estradiol but did not colocalize with Kiss1 mRNA. Third, about half of isolated ARC Kiss1 neurons expressed Tacr1 (NK1R) and 100% Tacr3 (NK3R); for anteroventral-periventricular Kiss1 neurons and GnRH neurons, approximately one-fourth expressed Tacr1 and one-tenth Tacr3; Tacr2 (NK2R) expression was absent in all cases. Overall, these results identify a potent regulation of gonadotropin release by the SP/NK1R and NKA/NK2R systems in the presence of kisspeptin-Kiss1r signaling, indicating that they may, along with NKB/NK3R, control GnRH release, at least in part through actions on Kiss1 neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension (V.M.N., S.S., R.S.C., U.B.K.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (M.A.B., O.K.R.), Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), University of Córdoba; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III; and Instituto Maimónides de Investigaciones Biomédicas and Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia (S.L., L.P., M.T.-S.), 14004 Córdoba, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.S.), Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, 20020 Turkey; and Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School (C.T., S.B.S.), Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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Savvidis C, Papaoiconomou E, Petraki C, Msaouel P, Koutsilieris M. The role of KISS1/KISS1R system in tumor growth and invasion of differentiated thyroid cancer. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:819-826. [PMID: 25667462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM KISS1 protein and KISS1 receptor form a system that mainly promotes suppression of metastasis in various forms of cancer. We studied the relationship between KISS1/KISS1R expression and tumor progression in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-three patients diagnosed with DTC were included in the study. Immunohistochemical cytoplasmic expression was evaluated for KISS1 and cytoplasmic/membranous expression for KISS1R in thyroid cancer tissues. RESULTS KISS1 expression was significantly higher in tumors with extrathyroidal invasion and advanced stage. KISS1R expression showed a statistically significant, moderate negative correlation with tumor size. CONCLUSION Increased expression of KISS1 is possibly acquired to prevent further tumor invasiveness and formation of local or distant metastasis. It appears that malignant cells in DTC express increased levels of KISS1 as the tumor invades extrathyroidal tissues. Decreased expression of KISS1R seems to attenuate signaling of the KISS1/KISS1R system, possibly leading to tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Savvidis
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Papaoiconomou
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Pavlos Msaouel
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, U.S.A
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Tang H, Liu Y, Luo D, Ogawa S, Yin Y, Li S, Zhang Y, Hu W, Parhar IS, Lin H, Liu X, Cheng CHK. The kiss/kissr systems are dispensable for zebrafish reproduction: evidence from gene knockout studies. Endocrinology 2015; 156:589-99. [PMID: 25406015 PMCID: PMC4298318 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The kiss1/gpr54 signaling system is considered to be a critical regulator of reproduction in most vertebrates. However, this presumption has not been tested vigorously in nonmammalian vertebrates. Distinct from mammals, multiple kiss1/gpr54 paralogous genes (kiss/kissr) have been identified in nonmammalian vertebrates, raising the possibility of functional redundancy among these genes. In this study, we have systematically generated the zebrafish kiss1(-/-), kiss2(-/-), and kiss1(-/-);kiss2(-/-) mutant lines as well as the kissr1(-/-), kissr2(-/-), and kissr1(-/-);kissr2(-/-) mutant lines using transcription activator-like effector nucleases. We have demonstrated that spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis as well as reproductive capability are not impaired in all of these 6 mutant lines. Collectively, our results indicate that kiss/kissr signaling is not absolutely required for zebrafish reproduction, suggesting that the kiss/kissr systems play nonessential roles for reproduction in certain nonmammalian vertebrates. These findings also demonstrated that fish and mammals have evolved different strategies for neuroendocrine control of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol (H.T., Y.Y., S.L., Y.Z., H.L., X.L.), Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, and the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; School of Biomedical Sciences (Y.L., Y.Z., C.H.K.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology (D.L., W.H.), Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Genetics (D.L.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Biomedical Sciences Core Laboratory (Y.L., C.H.K.C.), The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; and Brain Research Institute (S.O., I.S.P.), School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
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Abstract
GPCR internalization is a critical regulatory step in determining receptor activity. While internalization terminates G protein-coupled signaling, it might be required for G protein-independent signaling. A large number of clinical therapies are based on preventing or promoting GPCR internalization. Thus, for any given GPCR, it is important to characterize its internalization and understand the factors that regulate such internalization. Here we describe different experimental protocols to evaluate the internalization of any GPCR transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells. The protocols describe the use of immunofluorescence and imaging techniques as well as flow cytometry. The techniques described use the FLAG-tagged kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) as an example but are equally applicable to any other GPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pampillo
- The Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, The University of Western Ontario, A4-140, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5
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Abstract
Over the last 10 years, kisspeptins--peptide products of varying lengths encoded by the KISS1 gene--have been found to be key regulators of normal reproductive function throughout life in animals and humans. By activating the kisspeptin receptor [previously known as orphan G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54)], they elicit an effect on the central gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons. Administration of kisspeptin by either the subcutaneous or intravenous route potently stimulates endogenous gonadotropin hormone release in healthy men and women as well as in animals. Kisspeptin also stimulates endogenous release of gonadotropins in subfertile as well as healthy volunteers, and therefore it has potential as a novel therapeutic agent in reproductive disorders. Further human studies have shown that chronic, high-dose administration of kisspeptin causes desensitisation with rapid subsequent suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and therefore high-dose long-acting analogues may have a clinical role in treating sex hormone-dependent malignancies. By further elucidating the intricacies and mechanisms of the kisspeptin signalling system, and the tissues it acts on during different phases of the reproductive timeline (including during puberty, fertility, pregnancy and menopause), pharmacologic analogues could become clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Prague
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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Iwasa T, Matsuzaki T, Tungalagsuvd A, Munkhzaya M, Kuwahara A, Yasui T, Irahara M. The advancement of the onset of vaginal opening in female rats subjected to chronic testosterone treatment occurs independently of hypothalamic Kiss1 and RFRP expression. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2015; 36:767-770. [PMID: 26921577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The neonatal and/or prepubertal androgen milieu affects sexual maturation. In rodents, neonatal chronic testosterone treatment, which is used as a model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), results in the onset of vaginal opening occurring earlier in the pubertal period. DESIGN In the present study, the changes in hypothalamic Kiss1 (a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulating factor) and RF-amide related peptide (RFRP; a GnRH inhibitory factor) mRNA expression induced by testosterone treatment were examined in order to clarify whether these factors are involved in the testosterone-induced acceleration of sexual maturation. RESULTS The onset of vaginal opening occurred earlier and uterine weight was increased in female rats subjected to chronic (from postnatal day 23 to day 31) testosterone treatment. Contrary to our expectations, the rats' hypothalamic Kiss1 and Kiss1 receptor mRNA levels were not changed, and their serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels were decreased. Although hypothalamic RFRP mRNA expression was decreased in the testosterone-treated rats, this change was not reflected in their serum LH levels. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the advancement of sexual maturation observed in chronic testosterone-treated rats might be caused by a peripheral, rather than a central, mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Androgens/pharmacology
- Animals
- Female
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/drug effects
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/genetics
- Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism
- Hypothalamus/drug effects
- Hypothalamus/metabolism
- Kisspeptins/drug effects
- Kisspeptins/genetics
- Kisspeptins/metabolism
- Neuropeptides/drug effects
- Neuropeptides/genetics
- Neuropeptides/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/drug effects
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Kisspeptin-1
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/drug effects
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/genetics
- Receptors, Neuropeptide/metabolism
- Sexual Maturation/drug effects
- Testosterone/pharmacology
- Vagina/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiya Matsuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Altankhuu Tungalagsuvd
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Munkhsaikhan Munkhzaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Kuwahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Minoru Irahara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, Japan
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Abstract
Kisspeptin (KP) is now well recognized as a potent stimulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and thereby a major regulator of the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis. KP signals via KISS1R, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that activates the G proteins Gαq/11. Modulation of the interaction of KP with KISS1R is therefore a potential new therapeutic target for stimulating (in infertility) or inhibiting (in hormone-dependent diseases) the reproductive hormone cascade. Major efforts are underway to target KISS1R in the treatment of sex steroid hormone-dependent disorders and to stimulate endogenous hormonal responses along the neuroendocrine axis as part of in vitro fertilization protocols. The development of analogs modulating KISS1R signaling will be aided by an understanding of the intracellular pathways and dynamics of KISS1R signaling under normal and pathological conditions. This review focuses on KISS1R recruitment of intracellular signaling (Gαq/11- and β-arrestin-dependent) pathways that mediate GnRH secretion and the respective roles of rapid desensitization, internalization, and recycling of resensitized receptors in maintaining an active population of KISS1R at the cell surface to facilitate prolonged KP signaling. Additionally, this review summarizes and discusses the major findings of an array of studies examining the desensitization of KP signaling in man, domestic and laboratory animals. This discussion highlights the major effects of ligand efficacy and concentration and the physiological, developmental, and metabolic status of the organism on KP signaling. Finally, the potential for the utilization of KP and analogs in stimulating and inhibiting the reproductive hormone cascade as an alternative to targeting the downstream GnRH receptor is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Millar
- Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Zhou Q, Chen H, Yang S, Li Y, Wang B, Chen Y, Wu X. High-fat diet decreases the expression of Kiss1 mRNA and kisspeptin in the ovary, and increases ovulatory dysfunction in postpubertal female rats. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:127. [PMID: 25542298 PMCID: PMC4292805 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female reproductive health is noticeably compromised by obesity. The underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence indicates that the expression level of ovarian Kiss1 peaks in the afternoon during prooestrus, suggesting local regulatory roles for Kiss1 in the ovulatory process. We used a diet-induced model of obesity to evaluate whether the ovarian Kiss1 system is affected by obesity, and, to investigate the association of the Kiss1 system with ovulatory disorders in female rats. METHODS Post-weaning, female, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a normal chow diet (NCD) until they reached postnatal day 30 (PND 30), PND 42, or PND 70. The timing of vaginal opening was recorded, and oestrous cyclicity was monitored for 2 consecutive weeks immediately post puberty and again at 8-9 weeks of age. Tissues from the left ovary were collected for determination of the levels of Kiss1 and G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) mRNA, and tissues from the right ovary were collected for assessment of the immunoreactivity (IR) of the corresponding protein products, kisspeptin and GPR54. RESULTS The high-fat diet resulted in a significantly higher body weight and an earlier puberty onset. Oestrous cyclicity was disrupted by the HFD with significant reductions in the expression of ovulation-related genes. A marked suppression of ovarian Kiss1 mRNA levels was observed during prooestrus and oestrus at PND 42, and, during prooestrus, oestrus, and metoestrus at PND 70 in the HFD rats compared with the NCD controls. In the HFD group, the immunoreactivity of kisspeptin was significantly lower in theca cells from antral follicles during prooestrus and oestrus at PND 42, and, during prooestrus, oestrus at PND 70. At the prooestrus stage, in the HFD group the immunoreactivity of kisspeptin was also lower in the theca cells of preovulatory follicles at both PND 42 and PND 70. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of female rats to an post-weaning, high-fat diet has long-term deleterious effects on ovulation, that may involve down-regulation of ovarian Kiss1 mRNA and kisspeptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangyong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Simeng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Binqiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang China
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