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Li H, He W, Liu G. Exercise habits and health behaviors on adolescent obesity. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 245:104199. [PMID: 38490131 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Obesity among children and adolescents continues to increase globally, and it is important to determine the factors associated with obesity among adolescents for the prevention and reduction of obesity. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors associated with the increase in the obesity rate among adolescents, providing a reference basis for the development of projects aimed at promoting adolescent health. METHODS Using the raw data of 2021 adolescent health behavior online survey, this study analyzed demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, health behaviors and other categorical variables, and conducted the frequency, χ2 test for the difference in the proportion of obese and non-obese. According to the hierarchy model of obesity-related variables, binary logistics regression is used for multivariate analysis. This study used the original data of the 2021 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey, and performed frequency, χ2 tests on the differences in the proportion of obese and non-obese for categorical variables such as demographic sociological factors, mental health, exercise habits, and health behaviors. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression based on hierarchical models of obesity-related variables. RESULTS The obesity rate among Korean adolescents was 18.25 %. The obesity risk for females was reduced by 0.344 times compared to males (95 % CI = 0.327-0.361, p < 0.001); high school students had a 1.4 times higher obesity risk than middle school students (95 % CI = 1.379-1.511, p < 0.001); students with "Subjective household economic status" rated as "Medium" and 'Low' had their obesity risk increased by 1.07 times (95 % CI = 1.020-1.124, p < 0.01) and 1.254 times (95 % CI = 1.165-1.350, p < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'Subjective household economic status' rated as 'High'; students with 'Moderate' and 'Low' levels of 'Perceived stress' had their obesity risk reduced by 0.78 times (95 % CI = 0.74-0.823, P < 0.001) and 0.75 times (95 % CI = 0.70-0.803, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students with 'High' levels of 'Perceived stress'; students engaging in 'Muscle strengthening exercise' '1-2 times/week' and "≥ 3 times/week" had their obesity risk reduced by 0.844 times (95% CI = 0.797-0.895, P < 0.001) and 0.575 times (95% CI = 0.537-0.616, P < 0.001), respectively, compared to students not participating in "Muscle strengthening exercise". CONCLUSION The obesity rate of boys is higher than that of girls and high school students is higher than that of middle school students, and obesity is inversely proportional to family economic status. Mental health factors, exercise habits and eating habits are all important factors affecting adolescent obesity. It is suggested that gender differences, psychological factors, health habits, obesity education and healthy eating habits suitable for different age groups should be considered in the formulation of adolescent obesity policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Li
- Department of Sport Leisure, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul 02844, Republic of Korea
| | - Weidong He
- School of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Guifang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou 450044, China.
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Struckmeyer N, Biester T, Kordonouri O, Weiner C, Sadeghian E, Guntermann C, Kapitzke K, Weiskorn J, Galuschka L, von Stuelpnagel K, Meister D, Lange K, Danne T, Reschke F. Alterations in Dietary Behavior, Appetite Regulation, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth with Obesity in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2023; 15:2936. [PMID: 37447261 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nutritional patterns, eating behavior, dietary content, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of adolescents with preexisting obesity. METHODS Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and validated questionnaires on eating habits, nutritional content, and HrQoL were administered to 264 adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020-June 2022) and 265 adolescents with obesity before the pandemic (from June 2017 to June 2019). RESULTS Both study cohorts were comparable in age and sex distribution. Significant differences were found between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 cohorts in HOMA-index (3.8 (interquartile range [IQR])): 3.3; 4.1) vs. 3.2 (IQR: 2.8; 3.5, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (208.8 mg/dL (IQR: 189.9; 214.5) vs. 198.5 mg/dL (IQR: 189.5; 207.4), p < 0.001), and GPT (93.4 (IQR 88.7; 96.5) vs. 72.8 U/L (IQR 68.9; 75.7), p < 0.001). The COVID-19 cohort reported significantly higher consumption of obesity-promoting food components, such as soft drinks, meat, sausages, fast food and delivery food, chocolate, and sweets. There was also a significant decrease in cognitive hunger control (p = 0.002) and an increase in distractibility potential (p = 0.001) while eating. HrQoL was significantly lower in the COVID-19 cohort (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the adverse associations of exposure to the public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic with nutrition, dietary content, and HrQoL in adolescents with preexisting obesity. These findings underscore the importance of tailored preventive and treatment strategies for addressing the specific challenges of disruptive events such as pandemics, especially in population-based context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Struckmeyer
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Torben Biester
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Kordonouri
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Chantal Weiner
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Evelin Sadeghian
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Cathrin Guntermann
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kapitzke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jantje Weiskorn
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Galuschka
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kisa von Stuelpnagel
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
- Department for Sports Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Meister
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Danne
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Reschke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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Kolanowski W, Ługowska K, Trafialek J. The Impact of Physical Activity at School on Eating Behaviour and Leisure Time of Early Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416490. [PMID: 36554365 PMCID: PMC9779581 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Diet and physical activity (PA) significantly impact health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of long-term increase in organized PA level at school on the eating behaviour and leisure time of early adolescences in the period from the age of 10 to 12. (2) Methods: Children born in 2007 (n = 278) in groups with a standard (control group) and increased level of organized PA at school (4 and 10 h a week) were subjected to an anonymous follow-up survey. The questionnaire included 22 questions related to the eating behaviour and ways and frequency of leisure time PA. The study was conducted in the same groups in three assessment sessions in September 2017, 2018 and 2019. (3) Results: During the course of the study, it was shown improvement of eating behaviour in the increased PA group whereas decline in the standard PA one. The share of children with good and very good scores of eating behaviour decreased in the standard PA group from 56.89% to 54.54% and increased in the increased PA from 58.06% to 60.29%. In the increased PA group children more frequently than standard PA ate vegetables, fruits, fish, poultry meat, wholemeal bakery products, milk, dairy products and drinking tea without sugar, as well as ate breakfast. The standard PA children more frequently than increased PA ate high sugar and/or fat content food as sweets, savoury snacks and drank fizzy drinks as well as fast foods. The frequency of often undertaken leisure time PA increased in the increased PA group from 67% to 74%, while decreased in the standard PA from 58% to 52%. (4) Conclusions: Increase in organized PA at school beneficially influenced early adolescents' eating behaviour and frequency of leisure time PA during 2 years observation. It also increased early adolescents' awareness of healthy diet. Increased PA at school helps shaping healthy lifestyle among early adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kolanowski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-400 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-603842005
| | - Katarzyna Ługowska
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Siedlce University, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Joanna Trafialek
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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da Encarnação SGA, Flores P, Magalhães D, Afonso G, Pereira A, Fonseca RB, Ribeiro J, Silva-Santos S, Teixeira JE, Monteiro AM, Ferraz R, Branquinho L, Forte P. The Influence of Abdominal Adiposity and Physical Fitness on Obesity Status of Portuguese Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11213. [PMID: 36141486 PMCID: PMC9517613 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between abdominal adiposity and physical fitness in the obesity status of Portuguese adolescents. BMI, abdominal adiposity, and physical fitness tests from the FITescola® were evaluated in a total of 654 Portuguese adolescents, aged 10-19 years old-male: n = 334 (51%), female: n = 320 (49%). For the final model, BMI was positively related with age (β = 0.25), abdominal adiposity (β = 0.313), horizontal jump (β = -0.100), 40 m maximal velocity (β = 0.274), and aerobic fitness (β = -0.250, R2 = 0.75, F = 382.2, and p = 0.0001). We conclude that higher age and abdominal adiposity are positively related with a higher adolescent BMI. Furthermore, lower horizontal jump distances and worse times on the 40 m maximal velocity were inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI, and lower aerobic fitness was inversely related with a higher adolescent BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Flores
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - David Magalhães
- Agrupamento de Escolas de Vilela, 4580-651 Paredes, Portugal
| | - Gil Afonso
- Agrupamento de Escolas de Vilela, 4580-651 Paredes, Portugal
| | - Albino Pereira
- Agrupamento de Escolas de Vilela, 4580-651 Paredes, Portugal
| | - Rui Brito Fonseca
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Sandra Silva-Santos
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Teixeira
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - António Miguel Monteiro
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beira Interior (UBI), 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís Branquinho
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Pedro Forte
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro (ISCE Douro), 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Bang KS, Jang SY, Choe JH. Factors Affecting High-Risk for Diabetes among Korean Adolescents: An Analysis Using the Eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2020). CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081249. [PMID: 36010139 PMCID: PMC9406423 DOI: 10.3390/children9081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify significant factors affecting diabetes and pre-diabetes in South Korean adolescents, including adolescents’ and parental factors. We used data on 416 Korean adolescents aged 12–18 years and their parents (302 fathers and 375 mothers) from the eighth National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey gained in 2020. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Rao–Scott χ2 test, and univariate logistic regression using complex sample analysis. Among the participants, 101 adolescents (22.7%) were classified as the high-risk group for diabetes. Significant factors affecting the risk for adolescent diabetes in both sexes were higher BMI, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and insulin. The father’s high degree of stress perception was only related to male adolescents, and the father’s poor subjective health status was related to females at risk for diabetes. In mothers, physician-diagnosed diabetes, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c were factors affecting both sexes. Results from this study can be used as preliminary data for the early detection of high-risk groups for diabetes in adolescents, and for the development of systematic health care guidelines to prevent diabetes in adolescents.
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