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van Wyngaard E, Blancquaert E, Nieuwoudt H, Aleixandre-Tudo JL. Exploration of Global and Specialized Near-Infrared Calibrations for the Quantification of Nutritional Content in Grapevine Organs, Berry Phenological Stages, and Shoot Lignification. Appl Spectrosc 2024; 78:523-537. [PMID: 38403903 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241232004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Current infrared spectroscopy applications in the field of viticulture are moving toward direct in-field measuring techniques. However, limited research is available on quantitative applications using direct measurement of fresh tissue. The few studies conducted have combined the spectral data from various cultivars, growing regions, grapevine organs, and phenological stages during model development. The spectral data from these heterogeneous samples are combined into a single data set and analyzed jointly during quantitative analysis. Combining the spectral information of these diverse samples into a global data set could be an unsuitable approach and could yield less accurate prediction results. Spectral differences among samples could be overlooked during model development and quantitative analysis. The development of specialized calibrations should be considered and could lead to more accurate quantitative analyses. This study explored a model optimization strategy attempting global and specialized calibrations. Global calibrations, containing data from multiple organs, berry phenological, and shoot lignification stages, were compared to specialized calibrations per organ or stage. The global calibration for organs contained data from shoots, leaves, and berries and produced moderately accurate prediction results for nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen. The specialized calibrations per organ yielded more accurate calibrations with a coefficient of determination in validation (R2val) at 90.65% and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) at 0.32% dry matter (DM) for the berries' carbon calibrations. The leaves and shoots carbon calibrations had R2val and RMSEP at 84.99%, 0.34% DM, and 90.06%, 0.37% DM, respectively. The specialized calibrations for nitrogen and hydrogen showed similar improvements in prediction accuracy per organ. Specialized calibrations per phenological and lignification stage were also explored. Not all stages showed improvement, however, most stages had comparable or improved results for the specialized calibrations compared to the global calibrations containing all phenological or lignification stages. The results indicated that both global and specialized calibrations should be considered during model development to optimize prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizma van Wyngaard
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Erna Blancquaert
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Hélène Nieuwoudt
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Jose Luis Aleixandre-Tudo
- South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos-Food UPV, Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain
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Yang J, Wang Y, Sun J, Li Y, Zhu R, Yin Y, Wang C, Yin X, Qin L. Metabolome and Transcriptome Association Analysis Reveals Mechanism of Synthesis of Nutrient Composition in Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Seeds. Foods 2024; 13:1325. [PMID: 38731698 PMCID: PMC11082971 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds are rich in nutrition, superior to other grains, and have a high market value. However, the biosynthesis mechanisms of protein, starch, and lipid in quinoa grain are still unclear. The objective of this study was to ascertain the nutritional constituents of white, yellow, red, and black quinoa seeds and to employ a multi-omics approach to analyze the synthesis mechanisms of these nutrients. The findings are intended to furnish a theoretical foundation and technical support for the biological breeding of quinoa in China. In this study, the nutritional analysis of white, yellow, red, and black quinoa seeds from the same area showed that the nutritional contents of the quinoa seeds were significantly different, and the protein content increased with the deepening of color. The protein content of black quinoa was the highest (16.1 g/100 g) and the lipid content was the lowest (2.7 g/100 g), among which, linoleic acid was the main fatty acid. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis exhibited that differentially expressed genes were enriched in "linoleic acid metabolism", "unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis", and "amino acid biosynthesis". We mainly identified seven genes involved in starch synthesis (LOC110716805, LOC110722789, LOC110738785, LOC110720405, LOC110730081, LOC110692055, and LOC110732328); five genes involved in lipid synthesis (LOC110701563, LOC110699636, LOC110709273, LOC110715590, and LOC110728838); and nine genes involved in protein synthesis (LOC110710842, LOC110720003, LOC110687170, LOC110716004, LOC110702086, LOC110724454 LOC110724577, LOC110704171, and LOC110686607). The data presented in this study based on nutrient, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses contribute to an enhanced understanding of the genetic regulation of seed quality traits in quinoa, and provide candidate genes for further genetic improvements to improve the nutritional value of quinoa seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindan Yang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Yiyun Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiayi Sun
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuzhe Li
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Renbin Zhu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Yongjie Yin
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Chuangyun Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Xuebin Yin
- Suzhou Selenium Valley Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215100, China;
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture and Functional Food, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 239000, China
| | - Lixia Qin
- College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; (J.Y.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (C.W.)
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China;
- Suzhou Selenium Valley Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215100, China;
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Kudumela RG, Ramadwa TE, Mametja NM, Masebe TM. Corchorus tridens L.: A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Nutritional Content and Pharmacological Properties. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:1096. [PMID: 38674505 PMCID: PMC11054996 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Phytotherapy is a cost-effective alternative that continues to evolve. This has sparked significant research interest in naturally occurring compounds found in edible plants that possess antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Corchorus tridens L. is a wild edible plant widely recognised for its edible leaves, which are used for vegetable and animal feed. The plant is widely distributed across the African continent and is utilised in numerous countries for treating fever, pain, inflammation, and sexually transmitted diseases. Extracts from various parts of this plant exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, and pesticidal properties. This plant is a rich source of amino acids, vitamins, essential fatty acids, proteins, and minerals, as well as secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, quinines, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins. Additional studies are still needed to determine other biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory activity, involvement in the treatment of measles, prevention of anaemia, and pain-relieving properties. The current review aims to provide information on the characteristics, distribution, nutritional content, bioactive compounds, traditional uses, and biological activities of the edible plant species C. tridens L. to stimulate further research interest to address the existing literature gaps concerning this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tracy Madimabi Masebe
- Department of Life and Consumer Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Florida Science Campus, University of South Africa, 28 Pioneer Ave, Florida Park, Johannesburg 1709, South Africa; (R.G.K.); (T.E.R.); (N.M.M.)
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Bhandare SD, Malode SS. Examination of Hibiscus sabdariffa's bioactive arsenal: pharmacological prospects and comprehensive insights into catalysing health and wellness through its therapeutic attributes-an exposition. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:163-182. [PMID: 38226899 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This study signifies the rich pharmacological potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa, exploring its bioactive components and their therapeutic implications for health and wellness. Despite the promising insights, a comprehensive critical analysis is essential to ensure scientific rigour. To address this, the study establishes clear aims and objectives, aiming to scrutinise the study findings through a meticulous assessment. In conclusion, this study, upon addressing these key points, aspires to offer a robust contribution to scientific research, by advancing the understanding of H. sabdariffa's therapeutic attributes and promoting the adoption of sustainable methodologies in scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Dilip Bhandare
- Nashik Gramin Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's, College of Pharmacy, Campus for the Rural and the Village Development, Bramha Valley Educational Campus, Anjaneri, Trambak, Nashik 422213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sarika Shivaji Malode
- Nashik Gramin Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's, College of Pharmacy, Campus for the Rural and the Village Development, Bramha Valley Educational Campus, Anjaneri, Trambak, Nashik 422213, Maharashtra, India
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Kefale B, Delele MA, Fanta SW, Abate S. Optimization of spicy red pepper paste ( Awaze) formulation by D-optimal mixture design. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1792-1807. [PMID: 38455199 PMCID: PMC10916596 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to produce spicy red pepper paste (Awaze) by addition of various sources of antioxidant, mineral, and fiber and optimize better processing methods of the paste. For this purpose, D-optimal mixture design was used, Awaze considering color value (a*), antioxidant content, mineral content, fiber content, chewiness, and viscosity of the paste as the main parameters. Various properties of the optimized formulation were evaluated. The optimal formulation contained 65.66% red pepper, 10% garlic, 19.08% red onion, and 5.25% ginger. In the optimized formulation, the redness value (a*) increased by more than 3.12 times compared to the control with the average antioxidant activity (44.6%). The optimal formulation had a higher fiber content, chewiness, and viscosity value compared to control which is probably related to the ingredient proportion difference. Due to the higher nutritional and processing quality obtained, this formulation can be suggested for commercial and household producers as a guide to manufacture Awaze. The results obtained indicate that it is possible to production of Awaze with high nutritional value and improved processing quality by utilizing a blend of red pepper, garlic, red onion, and ginger. Therefore, this formulation stands as a viable recommendation for both commercial enterprises and household producers due to its demonstrated ability to yield Awaze with enhanced nutritional content and superior processing quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biadge Kefale
- Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food EngineeringBahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holeta Agricultural Research CentreFood Science and Nutrition ResearchHoletaEthiopia
| | - Mulugeta Admasu Delele
- Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food EngineeringBahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia
| | - Solomon Workneh Fanta
- Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food EngineeringBahir Dar UniversityBahir DarEthiopia
| | - Solomon Abate
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Head Quarter, Food Science and Nutrition ResearchAddis AbabaEthiopia
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Moonaisur N, Marx‐Pienaar N, de Kock HL. Plant-based meat alternatives in South Africa: An analysis of products on supermarket shelves. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:627-637. [PMID: 38268893 PMCID: PMC10804093 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
All over the world, the development of products that resemble meat but contain predominantly plant-sourced ingredients is a prime focus. Meat obtained by rearing animals is associated with a range of important issues related to the sustainability of the planet. Locally, the topic is trending and the cause of various debates among industry role players. This study aimed to explore and analyze plant-based meat alternative (PBMA) products in the South African retail market as well as review internal (nutritional content and ingredients) and external (country of origin, cost/kg, and label claims) factors of the products. This study also compared the nutritional content of PBMA and comparative meat products. Seventy-eight PBMA products were included: plant-based sausages (n = 23), burgers (n = 31), chicken-style (n = 11), mince (n = 8), and an "other" (n = 5) category providing for a variety of product lines. Information from product packaging (total fat, saturated fat, fiber, protein, sugar, sodium, carbohydrates, and energy density) was extracted for all PBMA (n = 78) and comparative meat product lines (n = 28). Meat products tended to be comparatively higher in saturated fat, while PBMAs were higher in carbohydrate, sugar, and dietary fiber content. Sodium content of plant-based mince was approximately five times higher than beef mince. On-pack claims for PBMAs included vegetarian/vegan/plant based (80% of products), high in/source of protein (48%), containing no genetically modified organisms (GMOs; 16%), and gluten free (26%). The plant protein trend has prompted innovation in PBMAs, however, wide nutrient ranges and higher sodium levels highlight the importance of nutrition guidelines for their development to ensure healthier product offerings to consumers. The findings of this study may assist in exploration of consumers' preferences/attitudes or engagement with PBMA products, which could, in turn, guide new product development within the category. However, information about possible barriers, drivers, consumer expectations, and attitudes toward these products is also required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishanie Moonaisur
- Department of Consumer and Food SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Nadene Marx‐Pienaar
- Department of Consumer and Food SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Henrietta L. de Kock
- Department of Consumer and Food SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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Balakrishna Y, Manda S, Mwambi H, van Graan A. Determining classes of food items for health requirements and nutrition guidelines using Gaussian mixture models. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186221. [PMID: 37899829 PMCID: PMC10611470 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The identification of classes of nutritionally similar food items is important for creating food exchange lists to meet health requirements and for informing nutrition guidelines and campaigns. Cluster analysis methods can assign food items into classes based on the similarity in their nutrient contents. Finite mixture models use probabilistic classification with the advantage of taking into account the uncertainty of class thresholds. Methods This paper uses univariate Gaussian mixture models to determine the probabilistic classification of food items in the South African Food Composition Database (SAFCDB) based on nutrient content. Results Classifying food items by animal protein, fatty acid, available carbohydrate, total fibre, sodium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin and riboflavin contents produced data-driven classes with differing means and estimates of variability and could be clearly ranked on a low to high nutrient contents scale. Classifying food items by their sodium content resulted in five classes with the class means ranging from 1.57 to 706.27 mg per 100 g. Four classes were identified based on available carbohydrate content with the highest carbohydrate class having a mean content of 59.15 g per 100 g. Food items clustered into two classes when examining their fatty acid content. Foods with a high iron content had a mean of 1.46 mg per 100 g and was one of three classes identified for iron. Classes containing nutrient-rich food items that exhibited extreme nutrient values were also identified for several vitamins and minerals. Discussion The overlap between classes was evident and supports the use of probabilistic classification methods. Food items in each of the identified classes were comparable to allowed food lists developed for therapeutic diets. This data-driven ranking of nutritionally similar classes could be considered for diet planning for medical conditions and individuals with dietary restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusentha Balakrishna
- Biostatistics Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Durban, South Africa
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Samuel Manda
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
- Department of Statistics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Henry Mwambi
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Averalda van Graan
- Biostatistics Research Unit, SAFOODS Division, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Struckmeyer N, Biester T, Kordonouri O, Weiner C, Sadeghian E, Guntermann C, Kapitzke K, Weiskorn J, Galuschka L, von Stuelpnagel K, Meister D, Lange K, Danne T, Reschke F. Alterations in Dietary Behavior, Appetite Regulation, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Youth with Obesity in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients 2023; 15:2936. [PMID: 37447261 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the nutritional patterns, eating behavior, dietary content, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of adolescents with preexisting obesity. METHODS Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and validated questionnaires on eating habits, nutritional content, and HrQoL were administered to 264 adolescents with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020-June 2022) and 265 adolescents with obesity before the pandemic (from June 2017 to June 2019). RESULTS Both study cohorts were comparable in age and sex distribution. Significant differences were found between the COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 cohorts in HOMA-index (3.8 (interquartile range [IQR])): 3.3; 4.1) vs. 3.2 (IQR: 2.8; 3.5, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (208.8 mg/dL (IQR: 189.9; 214.5) vs. 198.5 mg/dL (IQR: 189.5; 207.4), p < 0.001), and GPT (93.4 (IQR 88.7; 96.5) vs. 72.8 U/L (IQR 68.9; 75.7), p < 0.001). The COVID-19 cohort reported significantly higher consumption of obesity-promoting food components, such as soft drinks, meat, sausages, fast food and delivery food, chocolate, and sweets. There was also a significant decrease in cognitive hunger control (p = 0.002) and an increase in distractibility potential (p = 0.001) while eating. HrQoL was significantly lower in the COVID-19 cohort (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the adverse associations of exposure to the public health measures during the COVID-19 pandemic with nutrition, dietary content, and HrQoL in adolescents with preexisting obesity. These findings underscore the importance of tailored preventive and treatment strategies for addressing the specific challenges of disruptive events such as pandemics, especially in population-based context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Struckmeyer
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Torben Biester
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Kordonouri
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Chantal Weiner
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Evelin Sadeghian
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Cathrin Guntermann
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kapitzke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jantje Weiskorn
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Galuschka
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Kisa von Stuelpnagel
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
- Department for Sports Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Daniela Meister
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Danne
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Felix Reschke
- Center for Pediatric Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital AUF DER BULT, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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Jindarattanaporn N, Suya I, Lorenzetti L, Kantachuvesiri S, Thamarangsi T. Nutritional Content of Popular Menu Items from Online Food Delivery Applications in Bangkok, Thailand: Are They Healthy? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3992. [PMID: 36901000 PMCID: PMC10002036 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rise in online food delivery (OFD) applications has increased access to a myriad of ready-to-eat options, which may lead to unhealthier food choices. Our objective was to assess the nutritional profile of popular menu items available through OFD applications in Bangkok, Thailand. We selected the top 40 popular menu items from three of the most commonly used OFD applications in 2021. Each menu item was collected from the top 15 restaurants in Bangkok for a total of 600 items. Nutritional contents were analysed by a professional food laboratory in Bangkok. Descriptive statistics were employed to describe the nutritional content of each menu item, including energy, fat, sodium, and sugar content. We also compared nutritional content to the World Health Organization's recommended daily intake values. The majority of menu items were considered unhealthy, with 23 of the 25 ready-to-eat menu items containing more than the recommended sodium intake for adults. Eighty percent of all sweets contained approximately 1.5 times more sugar than the daily recommendation. Displaying nutrition facts in the OFD applications for menu items and providing consumers with filters for healthier options are required to reduce overconsumption and improve consumer food choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongnuch Jindarattanaporn
- International Health Policy Program (IHPP), The Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
| | - Inthira Suya
- Better Health Program (BHP) Thailand, Family Health International (FHI360), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Lara Lorenzetti
- Global Health and Population Research, FHI 360, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Surasak Kantachuvesiri
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Thai Low Salt Network, Nephrology Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10310, Thailand
| | - Thaksaphon Thamarangsi
- International Health Policy Program (IHPP), The Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
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Wang H, Zhao Y, Wang F, Sun X, Zhu J, Zhang Y, Wei S, Chen H. Diet composition and selection of Père David's deer in Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve, China. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9702. [PMID: 36620412 PMCID: PMC9817203 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hubei Shishou Milu National Nature Reserve is an ideal place to restore the wild population of Père David's deer (Elaphurus davidianus). Understanding foraging ecology and diet composition is essential for assessing population development or establishing long-term effective conservation measures for endangered species. However, little is known about the diet composition of Père David's deer and its diet selection mechanism. In this study, we used stable isotope technology to investigate the diet composition of Père David's deer according to various tissues (i.e., fur, muscle, liver, heart, and feces) and seasons, and evaluated the correlation between the nutrient composition of plants and diet composition. Bayesian isotope analysis showed that the autumn and winter diet estimated by fur and fecal samples indicated a diet dominated by C3 grasses (42.7%-57.2%, mean), while the summer diet estimated by muscle and liver samples was dominated by C3 forbs (30.9%-41.6%, mean). The Pearson correlation test indicated that the contribution of winter diet composition reflected by fur and fecal samples was associated with correlations with crude protein (r = .666, p < .01) and soluble sugars (r = .695, p < .01). The results indicated that crude protein and soluble sugars were important factors influencing the winter diet selection of Père David's deer. In the context of the current reintroduction facing many challenges, such as habitat fragmentation, wetland degradation, and human disturbance, comprehensively evaluating the diet selection mechanism of Père David's deer under different resource specificities and temporal changes should be considered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Lin Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Fei‐Jie Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Xin‐Jia Sun
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Qiang Zhu
- Research Center of Milu Health and HabitatYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yu‐Ming Zhang
- Administrative Office of Shishou Milu National Nature ReserveJingzhouChina
| | - Shu‐Dong Wei
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation TechnologyHenan University of Urban ConstructionPingdingshanChina
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandMinistry of Education, Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
- Research Center of Milu Health and HabitatYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
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11
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Matsabisa MG, Bala A, Tripathy S, Digashu MM, Rautenbach F, Dassarma B, Erhabor JO, Braga FC, Mukherjee PK, Tang M, Kang Y. Study on South African Indigenous Teas-Antioxidant Potential, Nutritional Content, and Hypoxia-Induced Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on U87 MG Cell Line. Molecules 2022; 27:3505. [PMID: 35684442 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study comparatively assessed seven indigenous traditional tea plants on several attributes that included antioxidant, nutritional, caffeine contents, and cyclooxygenase activity. Methodology: Nutritional content of all tea plants were determined for energy, fat, carbohydrates, total sugars, dietary fiber and amino acids. Antioxidant potential and the antioxidant potentiating secondary metabolites were also measured and compared. Further, we investigated the tea plants for any role they would have on cyclooxygenase (COX) activity on cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced human glioma cell lines (U87MG). Results: The tea plants were found non-cytotoxic at concentrations tested against the human Chang liver and HeK 293 kidney cells and were found to be naturally caffeine free. The lowest and highest extraction yield among the tea plants was 7.1% for B. saligna and 15.48% for L. scaberrimma respectively. On average, the flavonol content was 12 to 8 QE/g, ORAC 800 µmol TE/g, TEAC 150 µmol TE/g, FRAP 155 µmol AAE/g, polyphenols 40 mg GAE/g, flavanols 0.35 mg CE/g, flavonols 12 mg QE/g and total flavonoid content (TFC) 180 µg QE/mg. The COX activity has been found to be inhibited by a dose-dependent manner by L. scaberrimma, B. saligna and L. javanica. Conclusion: The results further support competitive value of tea plants and need for improved and further development.
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Otunola GA. Culinary Spices in Food and Medicine: An Overview of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. and L. M. Perry [Myrtaceae]. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:793200. [PMID: 35111060 PMCID: PMC8801816 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.793200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Spices-dried aromatic parts of plants (leaves, seeds, bark, roots, rhizomes, buds, etc) used to enhance flavour, taste and colour (sensory quality) of foods, are increasingly finding other useful roles in healthcare beyond their primary use as culinary organoleptic enhancers. Several spices are currently being investigated for their potential health benefits, because of the failing efficacy, toxicity and high cost associated with conventional drugs. One such spice: Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. and L.M.Perry [Myrtaceae] (Clove), has a multi-dimensional role in diet, medicine, functional foods and nutraceuticals, agriculture, among other industries. Peer-reviewed articles, mostly from PubMed and Google Scholar, were consulted for the purpose of this review. The nutritional and phytochemical contents, selected biological activities as well as some functional foods and beverages of clove and their uses for human health are presented. Although these observations are largely empirical, the efficacious attributes have led to their pharmacological applications in the indigenous system of medicine all over the world and bridge between food, diet and medicine. Considering the GRAS status of clove, more studies on bioavailability, accumulation, toxicity, dosage and efficacy of clove as a spice drug or functional foods in biological systems especially in humans are required. Meanwhile, clove and its products can be used as co-adjuvants in the prevention, treatment and management of chronic diseases. Further, many applications of clove in food, health, cosmetics, pharmaceutics, nanoparticles and agricultural industries are still open for investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Aderonke Otunola
- Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Center, Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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Dias ALB, Batista HRF, Sousa WC, Bailão EFLC, Rocha JD, Sperandio EM, Fernandes CC, Souchie EL, Miranda MLD. Psidium myrtoides O. Berg fruit and leaves: physicochemical characteristics, antifungal activity and chemical composition of their essential oils in different seasons. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:1043-1047. [PMID: 33161760 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1844689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate, for the first time, physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of Psidium myrtoides ripe and unripe fruit. In addition, essential oil was extracted from fresh leaves (PM-EO) collected in dry and rainy seasons to investigate the influence of seasonality and, after that, to evaluate its antifungal activity on mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Both GC-FID and GC-MS analyses revealed that major components determined in PM-EO were β-caryophyllene (20.0% and 32.9%) and limonene (10.4% and 19.8%) in rainy and dry seasons, respectively. High antioxidant capacity was displayed by unripe fruit (IC50 = 3.57 mg/mL) and ripe ones (IC50 = 3.68 mg/mL). Both showed high total phenolic and tannin contents. In sum, PM-EO showed satisfactory antifungal activity, since its inhibitory action on mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides was above 70% in the dry season, while it exhibited weak activity in the rainy season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alline L B Dias
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Hellen R F Batista
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Wendel C Sousa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eugenio M Sperandio
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Cassia C Fernandes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Edson L Souchie
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Rio verde, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Mayker L D Miranda
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Uberlândia Centro, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Le Bouthillier M, Perron J, Pomerleau S, Gagnon P, Labonté MÈ, Plante C, Guével MH, Provencher V. Nutritional Content of Sliced Bread Available in Quebec, Canada: Focus on Sodium and Fibre Content. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124196. [PMID: 34959748 PMCID: PMC8704778 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bread is a highly consumed food and an important source of nutrients in the diet of Canadians, underlining the need to improve its nutritional quality. The Food Quality Observatory (Observatory) aimed to evaluate the nutritional value of the sliced bread products available in Quebec (Canada), according to their grain type and main flour. Analyses included comparing the bread’s sodium content to Health Canada’s daily values (DV) and sodium voluntary targets, comparing the bread’s fibre content thresholds with the source of fibre mentioned, and assessing whether the main flour was associated with the nutrient content. The nutritional values of 294 sliced breads available in Quebec were merged with sales data (from October 2016 to October 2017), with 262 products successfully cross-referenced. The results showed that 64% of the breads purchased were ‘low’ in fibre (i.e., below 2 g per two slices), while 47% were ‘high’ in sodium (i.e., above 15% DV per two slices). Attention should be paid to 100% refined grain bread and to bread with refined flour as the main flour, since they are great sellers, while showing a less favourable nutrient content. This study shows that there is room for improvement in the nutritional content of Quebec’s bread offer, particularly regarding sodium and fibre content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Le Bouthillier
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Perron
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
| | - Sonia Pomerleau
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
| | - Pierre Gagnon
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
| | - Marie-Ève Labonté
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Céline Plante
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Quebec, QC G1V 5B3, Canada;
| | - Marc-Henri Guével
- Faculté des Sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Centre NUTRISS—Nutrition, Santé et Société, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.L.B.); (J.P.); (S.P.); (P.G.); (M.-È.L.)
- École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-656-2131 (ext. 404607)
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Lucchesi S, Cheng L, Wessling EG, Kambale B, Lokasola AL, Ortmann S, Surbeck M. Importance of subterranean fungi in the diet of bonobos in Kokolopori. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23308. [PMID: 34312901 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonstaple food is a food resource which sole consumption does not allow the maintenance of regular physiological functions, thus constituting a minor portion of an individual's diet. Many primates consume nonstaple food such as meat, insects, and fungi. Hypotheses on the dietary importance of nonstaple food include its role as fallback food and as source of specific nutrients. We tested these two hypotheses by investigating mycophagy (i.e., the consumption of fungi) in a population of wild bonobos in the Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve, DRC. Specifically, we examined the relationship between fungus consumption and various factors relevant to bonobo feeding ecology (i.e., fruit abundance and the consumption of other food types). Additionally, we measured the deviation from linear travel when bonobos searched for fungi to evaluate the nature of fungus consumption (e.g., opportunistic or targeted). Lastly, we examined the nutritional content of the major fungus species consumed (Hysterangium bonobo) to test whether this food item was potentially consumed as source of specific nutrients. We found that bonobos spent a higher proportion of their time feeding on fungi when fruit abundance was higher, indicating that fungi were not consumed as a fallback food. Moreover, bonobos deviated from linear travel when visiting fungus patches more than observed when visiting fruit patches, suggesting that they actively sought out fungi. Lastly, initial analyses suggest that H. bonobo samples contained high concentration of sodium. Collectively, these results suggest that subterranean fungi appear to be attractive food source to Kokolopori bonobos, and that mycophagy may serve to supplement nutrients, like sodium, in bonobo diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lucchesi
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leveda Cheng
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin G Wessling
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bienfait Kambale
- Centre de Surveillance de la Biodiversité de l'Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Albert L Lokasola
- Vie Sauvage, Kokolopori Bonobo Reserve, Province Equateur, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sylvia Ortmann
- Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Surbeck
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Alcázar-Valle M, Lugo-Cervantes E, Mojica L, Morales-Hernández N, Reyes-Ramírez H, Enríquez-Vara JN, García-Morales S. Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, and Anti nutritional Content of Legumes: A Comparison between Four Phaseolus Species. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153528. [PMID: 32752304 PMCID: PMC7436158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Beans (Phaseolus spp.) are one of the most important legumes for their nutritional value and health benefits in many world regions. In addition to Phaseolus vulgaris, there are four additional species that are cultivated in many regions of the world and are a source of food for human consumption: P. lunatus, P. coccineus, P. polyanthus, and P. acutifolius. In this work, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and anti-nutritional compounds of 18 bean accessions, corresponding to four different species of the genus Phaseolus, were analyzed. In addition, their physical characteristics, proximate composition, and amino acid content were determined in order to compare their phytochemical composition and nutritional value. The species closest to each other in terms of essential amino acid content were P. polyanthus with P. vulgaris and P. lunatus with P. coccineus. Furthermore, there was a strong positive correlation between antioxidant activity and flavonoids, anthocyanins, and lectins with all the accessions collected. Significant differences in the content of phenolic compounds were found among the bean species studied. Therefore, in addition to P. vulgaris, other species such as P. coccineus and P. lunatus have high biological and antioxidant potential that could be beneficial to human health when consumed as nutraceutical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Alcázar-Valle
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (E.L.-C.); (L.M.); (N.M.-H.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Eugenia Lugo-Cervantes
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (E.L.-C.); (L.M.); (N.M.-H.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Luis Mojica
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (E.L.-C.); (L.M.); (N.M.-H.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Norma Morales-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (E.L.-C.); (L.M.); (N.M.-H.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Heidy Reyes-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico; (M.A.-V.); (E.L.-C.); (L.M.); (N.M.-H.); (H.R.-R.)
| | - Jhony Navat Enríquez-Vara
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico;
| | - Soledad García-Morales
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., 45019 Zapopan, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-0133-3345-5200
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Munguía A, Tolentino-Mayo L, Théodore FL, Vandevijvere S. Nutritional Quality of Hidden Food and Beverage Advertising Directed to Children: Extent and Nature of Product Placement in Mexican Television Programs. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E3086. [PMID: 32365478 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Nutrient-poor, energy-dense food and beverage (F&B) advertisements influence children’s food preferences, consumption, and purchase requests, contributing to overweight and obesity. Objective: To characterize the nutritional quality of F&B advertised by product placement (PP) in Mexican television programs with the highest audience ratings for children. (2) Methods: A total of 48 h of television programs between December 2016 and January 2017 during the hours with the highest ratings for children were analyzed. Nutritional quality was assessed through the Mexican Ministry of Health (MMH-NPM), the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO-Europe), and the Pan American Health Organization nutrient profile models (PAHO-NPM). (3) Results: A total of 119 F&B were broadcast, of which more than 60% were unhealthy according to the three nutritional models. Reality shows and movies presented the most PP advertising. The food category most frequently advertised was sugar-sweetened beverages (41.2%). F&B advertised in children’s programs had a higher content of energy, total fat, and saturated fat (p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The MMH-NPM was the most permissive and the PAHO-NPM was the strictest for evaluating nutritional quality. Mexico must strengthen the regulation of advertising to protect children from its negative effects on health.
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Vermote M, Bonnewyn S, Matthys C, Vandevijvere S. Nutritional Content, Labelling and Marketing of Breakfast Cereals on the Belgian Market and Their Reformulation in Anticipation of the Implementation of the Nutri-Score Front-Of-Pack Labelling System. Nutrients 2020; 12:E884. [PMID: 32218115 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Breakfast cereals are frequently consumed in Belgium, especially among children. We investigated the nutritional content, labelling and marketing of breakfast cereals and the changes in nutrient content and reformulation in anticipation of the implementation of the Nutri-Score front-of-pack label. Design: Pictures were taken of cereal packages. The WHO-Europe nutrient profiling tool was used to classify cereals into ‘permitted’/‘not-permitted’ to be marketed to children, while the nutritional quality was assessed using Nutri-Score. The proportion of cereals with nutrition and health claims and/or promotional characters on the front-of-pack was compared between permitted and not-permitted cereals and between different Nutriscore categories using Chi-squared tests. The average nutrient contents per 100g were compared between 2017 and 2018 using paired t-tests. Setting: Belgium. Participants: All breakfast cereals in the major supermarkets (n = 7) in 2017 and 2018. Results: Overall, 330 cereals were included. About 77.2% of cereals were not permitted to be marketed to children but, of those, 22.0% displayed promotional characters. More claims (68.9% of all claims) were found on ‘not-permitted’ compared with ‘permitted’ cereals, particularly nutrition claims. Most claims were displayed on cereals with the allocated Nutri-Score A (42.0%) and C (37.0%). A significant reformulation of cereals was found between 2017 and 2018, with reductions in total sugar (−5%) (p < 0.001) and sodium (−20%) (p = 0.002) and increases in fibre (+3%) (p = 0.012) and proteins (+2%) (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Breakfast cereals on the Belgian market are predominantly unhealthy and frequently carry claims and promotional characters. Minimal reformulation occurred over one year. Policy recommendations include restrictions on claims and marketing for not-permitted cereals.
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Kumoro AC, Lukiwati DR, Praseptiangga D, Djaeni M, Ratnawati R, Hidayat JP, Utari FD. Effect of drying and milling modes on the quality of white rice of an Indonesian long grain rice cultivar. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2019; 18:195-203. [PMID: 31256547 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.0657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have revealed the susceptibility of long grain rice to breaking during milling, while others have demonstrated the variation in the yield of head rice due to different rough rice drying methods. Thus, this study aims to determine appropriate drying and milling methods to improve the head rice yield and nutritional quality of long grain rice. METHODS A series of drying experiments were performed on rough paddy rice employing shallow bed, oven and sun drying methods. Then, the dried rough rice grains were milled with various dehusking (H), separation (S) and polishing (P) configurations to obtain white rice. The resulting batches of white rice were analyzed and compared in terms of head rice yield, broken rice yield, brewer yield, whiteness and nutritional quality. RESULTS Milling configurations strongly affected the total, head rice, broken rice and brewer yields. The configuration of one dehusking, one separation and one polishing (H – S – P) resulted in the highest milling and head rice yields. Although the whiteness of the rice samples was significantly affected by the milling configuration, their values fell within an acceptable range preferred by consumers in Southeast Asia (39–47). The milling of dried rough rice obtained from shallow bed and sun drying using a concrete floor and white tarpaulin resulted in a comparable total (65%) and head rice yield (51%). However, the milling of rough rice dried using an oven and sun drying on black tarpaulin resulted in a slightly lower total yield (64.50%) and head rice yield (50.50%). The moisture, ash, protein and lipid contents of the white rice were significantly lower than those of manually dehulled rice, whereas the carbohydrate and amylose contents of the white rice were significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS Application of shallow bed or sun drying on a concrete floor followed by milling with the H – S – P configuration produced the highest head rice yield with an acceptable whiteness and nutritional composition. These combined postharvest technologies are simple, efficient and economical for both small- and large-scale applications. Further research on consumer acceptance and on the nutritional and cooking qualities of the white rice obtained from these combined postharvest technologies is essential.
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Akachukwu D, Gbadegesin MA, Ojimelukwe PC, Atkinson CJ. Biochar Remediation Improves the Leaf Mineral Composition of Telfairia occidentalis Grown on Gas Flared Soil. Plants (Basel) 2018; 7:plants7030057. [PMID: 30011801 PMCID: PMC6161101 DOI: 10.3390/plants7030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of remediation of gas flared soil by biochar on the nutritional composition of cultivated Telfairia occidentalis leaves, relative to non-gas flared soil. Gas flared soils are degraded due to the presence of heavy metals, noxious gases, carbon soot and acidic rain. Biochar produced from oil palm fibre was applied at five different amounts: 0 t ha−1, 7.1 t ha−1, 13.9 t ha−1, 20.9 t ha−1 and 28.0 t ha−1 to containerized soils (both gas flared and control soil), inside a greenhouse, which were allowed to mineralize for two weeks. Two viable seeds of T. occidentalis per replicate were sown. After eight weeks of growth, leaves were harvested, dried and chemically analyzed. Application of biochar significantly increased leaf ash and crude fibre content of Telfairia occidentalis. Plants from soil treated with 13.9 t ha−1 of biochar had the highest concentrations of vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C and E irrespective of soil type. Maximum increase in leaf vitamin and mineral content was obtained from leaves cultivated on gas flared soil treated with 13.9 t ha−1 and 7.1 t ha−1 of biochar respectively. The results show that biochar treatment can increase leaf mineral concentrations and that this effect is dependent on the amount of biochar application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Akachukwu
- Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia P.M.B 7267, Abia State, Nigeria.
| | - Michael Adedapo Gbadegesin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 90001, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Philippa Chinyere Ojimelukwe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia P.M.B 7267, Abia State, Nigeria.
| | - Christopher John Atkinson
- Department of Agriculture, Health and Environment, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
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Tong T, Rangan A, Gemming L. Evaluating the Nutritional Content of Children's Breakfast Cereals in Australia. Children (Basel) 2018; 5:children5070084. [PMID: 29933610 PMCID: PMC6068905 DOI: 10.3390/children5070084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Breakfast is an important contributor to the daily dietary intake of children. This study investigated the nutritional composition of ready to eat (RTE) children’s breakfast cereals, which display fictional cartoon characters and themes, compared to other cereals available in Australia. Nutrient content claims on packaging were also examined. Data were collected from RTE breakfast cereal packages (N = 347) from four major supermarkets in Sydney. Cereals were classified based on product type and promotional information displayed. Overall, 46% of children’s cereals were classified as “less healthy” as per nutrient profiling score criteria. Children’s cereals had a similar energy and sodium content per 100 g compared to other cereals but contained significantly higher levels of total sugar and lower levels of protein and dietary fibre compared to other varieties. Children’s cereals with nutrient content claims had improved (lower) nutrient profiling scores than those that did not (2 vs. 13, p = 0.021), but total sugar per 100 g was similar: 25 g (interquartile range (IQR) 14 g) vs. 32 g (IQR 19 g). In conclusion, RTE children’s breakfast cereals were found to be less healthy compared to other cereals on the market and the use of nutrient content claims on children’s cereals may mislead consumers regarding their overall nutrient profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence Tong
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Anna Rangan
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Luke Gemming
- Nutrition and Dietetics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia.
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Othman NA, Abdul Manaf M, Harith S, Wan Ishak WR. Influence of Avocado Purée as a Fat Replacer on Nutritional, Fatty Acid, and Organoleptic Properties of Low-Fat Muffins. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:583-588. [PMID: 29652576 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1451408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The feasibility of developing reduced-fat muffins with avocado is investigated by preparing muffins with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% avocado purée as a fat (butter) replacer. METHODOLOGY The resulting products were compared to the control muffin, which was made with 100% butter. Muffins were analyzed for nutritional content, fatty acid profiles, and sensory acceptability. RESULT Muffins incorporated with avocado purée revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) with respect to moisture, ash, and carbohydrate in comparison with the control sample. However, no significant changes (p > 0.05) were detected in all muffin formulations for protein and dietary fiber content. Both fat content and caloric value of muffins incorporated with avocado purée were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The fatty acid profile showed that there was an increment in the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) content by 16.51% at full-fat substitution. The sensory evaluation test demonstrated that muffins had acceptability at up to 50% substitution. Fat substitution at higher than 50% lead to undesirable flavor and aftertaste, which was significant (p < 0.05) to the panelists. CONCLUSION The findings indicated the feasibility of avocado purée in fat-reduced muffin preparation with an optimal level of 50% avocado purée substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ain Othman
- a School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kubang Kerian , Kelantan , Malaysia
| | - Marina Abdul Manaf
- a School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kubang Kerian , Kelantan , Malaysia
| | - Sakinah Harith
- b School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin , Kuala Terengganu , Terengganu , Malaysia
| | - Wan Rosli Wan Ishak
- a School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Kubang Kerian , Kelantan , Malaysia
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da Silva Campos MA, da Silva FSB, Yano-Melo AM, de Melo NF, Maia LC. Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi during the Acclimatization of Alpinia purpurata to Induce Tolerance to Meloidogyne arenaria. Plant Pathol J 2017; 33:329-336. [PMID: 28592951 PMCID: PMC5461051 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.04.2016.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of micropropagated and mycorrhized alpinia plants to the parasite Meloidogyne arenaria. The experimental design was completely randomized with a factorial arrangement of four inoculation treatments with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Gigaspora albida, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Acaulospora longula, and a non-inoculated control) in the presence or absence of M. arenaria with five replicates. The following characteristics were evaluated after 270 days of mycorrhization and 170 days of M. arenaria inoculation: height, number of leaves and tillers, fresh mass of aerial and subterranean parts, dry mass of aerial parts, foliar area, nutritional content, mycorrhizal colonization, AMF sporulation, and the number of galls, egg masses, and eggs. The results indicated a significant interaction between the treatments for AMF spore density, total mycorrhizal colonization, and nutrient content (Zn, Na, and N), while the remaining parameters were influenced by either AMF or nematodes. Plants inoculated with A. longula or C. etunicatum exhibited greater growth than the control. Lower N content was observed in plants inoculated with AMF, while Zn and Na were found in larger quantities in plants inoculated with C. etunicatum. Fewer galls were observed on mycorrhized plants, and egg mass production and the number of eggs were lower in plants inoculated with G. albida. Plants inoculated with A. longula showed a higher percentage of total mycorrhizal colonization in the presence of the nematode. Therefore, the association of micropropagated alpinia plants and A. longula enhanced tolerance to parasitism by M. arenaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Mayumi Yano-Melo
- Collegiate of Zootechnics, UNIVASF (Federal University of São Francisco Valley), Petrolina 56304-917,
Brazil
| | | | - Leonor Costa Maia
- Department of Mycology, Center for Biological Sciences, UFPE (Federal University of Pernambuco), Recife 50670-420,
Brazil
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Gonçalves A, Goufo P, Barros A, Domínguez-Perles R, Trindade H, Rosa EAS, Ferreira L, Rodrigues M. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp), a renewed multipurpose crop for a more sustainable agri-food system: nutritional advantages and constraints. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:2941-51. [PMID: 26804459 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The growing awareness of the relevance of food composition for human health has increased the interest of the inclusion of high proportions of fruits and vegetables in diets. To reach the objective of more balanced diets, an increased consumption of legumes, which constitutes a sustainable source of essential nutrients, particularly low-cost protein, is of special relevance. However, the consumption of legumes also entails some constraints that need to be addressed to avoid a deleterious impact on consumers' wellbeing and health. The value of legumes as a source of nutrients depends on a plethora of factors, including genetic characteristics, agro-climatic conditions, and postharvest management that modulate the dietary effect of edible seeds and vegetative material. Thus, more comprehensive information regarding composition, especially their nutritional and anti-nutritional compounds, digestibility, and alternative processing procedures is essential. These were the challenges to write this review, which focusses on the nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp, an emerging crop all over the world intended to provide a rational support for the development of valuable foods and feeds of increased commercial value. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Gonçalves
- The Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CECAV), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Piebiep Goufo
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Henrique Trindade
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eduardo A S Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CITAB), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luis Ferreira
- The Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CECAV), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Miguel Rodrigues
- The Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, (UTAD-CECAV), Department of Veterinary Sciences, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
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Collado-Romero M, Alós E, Prieto P. Effect of 7H(ch) Hordeum chilense chromosome introgressions on the wheat endosperm proteomic profile. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:3793-3802. [PMID: 25824108 DOI: 10.1021/jf5055672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hordeum chilense is an excellent genetic resource for wheat breeding due to its potential to improve breadmaking quality and nutritional value and provide resistance to some biotic and abiotic stresses. Hexaploid wheat lines carrying chromosome 7H(ch) introgressions, namely, chromosome additions of the whole chromosome 7H(ch) or the 7H(ch)α or the 7H(ch)β chromosome arms, and chromosome substitutions of the homeologous chromosomes 7A, 7B, or 7D by chromosome 7H(ch) were compared by 2D-PAGE analysis to study the effect of these alien introgressions on the wheat endosperm proteome. The addition of the 7H(ch)α chromosome arm did not alter the profile of most glutenins and gliadins, but showed higher quantities of puroindolines and lower xylanase inhibitors, which might improve also resistance to plant pathogens. On the other hand, (7A)7H(ch) or (7D)7H(ch) substitution lines showed enhanced avenin-like b proteins and triticin levels but reduced puroindolines, which could be desirable to improve dough properties and nutritional value and increase kernel hardness in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Collado-Romero
- Plant Breeding Department, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enriqueta Alós
- Plant Breeding Department, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Prieto
- Plant Breeding Department, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Apartado 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain
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Hernández-Urbiola MI, Pérez-Torrero E, Rodríguez-García ME. Chemical analysis of nutritional content of prickly pads (Opuntia ficus indica) at varied ages in an organic harvest. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011; 8:1287-95. [PMID: 21655119 PMCID: PMC3108109 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8051287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Opuntia ficus indica, also known as prickly pads, are an important part of the human diet and are also used as forage for livestock. This is an interesting vegetable due the environmental conditions in which it grows and its resistance to climatic extremes; however, little is known about its nutritional properties, especially in the later stages of maturity. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of organic prickly pads (Opuntia ficus indica) at differing stages of growth maturity. Chemical proximate analysis and mineral constituent analysis at different maturation stages were carried out in this investigation. As a result, older prickly pads were found to be an important source of nutritional components such as calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita I Hernández-Urbiola
- Posgrado en Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, PO Box 1-1010, Querétaro, Qro 76230, México.
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