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Pizzul D, Sala E, Caliandro A, Zaccaria D, Carlo S. Evaluating the impact of a peer-education digital literacy course on older adults' digital skills and wellbeing: a mixed-methods study protocol. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 9:1432607. [PMID: 39045388 PMCID: PMC11264313 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1432607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The digital transition poses relevant challenges and opportunities for older adults in aging European societies. To unleash the potential of the digital transition in old age and avoid the risk of exclusion, digital education for older adults seems to be a valuable solution. One of the most suitable approaches to digital education for older adults appears to be the peer-to-peer approach. However, not much literature is available on this topic. Within the ACTIVE-IT project, we aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a digital peer education course for older adults, focusing specifically on the use of smartphones and daily utility apps, such as mailing, e-Gov, and e-commerce. The purpose of this contribution is to document the protocol adopted to evaluate the course. The course involved 32 participants aged 65 or older, who, between March 2024 and June 2024, divided into three groups, attended a 10-lesson weekly course taught by a peer. We aim to measure the effect of the course on participants' digital skills and their perceived wellbeing. To do so, we will adopt a mixed methods approach, employing: digital methods by collecting and analyzing data on participants' smartphone use (i.e., log data on smartphone use before/during/after the intervention); a quasi-experiment, collecting information on course participants' wellbeing before/after the course attendance using a questionnaire survey; ethnographic observation conducted during the course, observing interactions between subjects during the course. The study has been approved by the Ethic Committee of the University of Milano Bicocca (prot.nr. 167541/2024).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pizzul
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Sala
- Department of Sociology and Social Research, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Zaccaria
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - Simone Carlo
- Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Lerch SP, Hänggi R, Bussmann Y, Lörwald A. A model of contributors to a trusting patient-physician relationship: a critical review using a systematic search strategy. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:194. [PMID: 38824511 PMCID: PMC11143600 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of trust between patients and physicians has a variety of negative consequences. There are several theories concerning how interpersonal trust is built, and different studies have investigated trust between patients and physicians that have identified single factors as contributors to trust. However, all possible contributors to a trusting patient-physician relationship remain unclear. This review synthesizes current knowledge regarding patient-physician trust and integrates contributors to trust into a model. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using the databases MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), and Eric (Ovid). We ran simultaneous searches for a combination of the phrases: patient-physician relationship (or synonyms) and trust or psychological safety. Six-hundred and twenty-five abstracts were identified and screened using pre-defined criteria and later underwent full-text article screening. We identified contributors to trust in the eligible articles and critically assessed whether they were modifiable. RESULTS Forty-five articles were included in the review. Patient-centered factors that contributed modifiable promoters of trust included psychological factors, levels of health education and literacy, and the social environment. Physician-centered factors that added to a trusting patient-physician relationship included competence, communication, interest in the patient, caring, the provisioning of health education, and professionalism. The patient-physician alliance, time spent together, and shared decision-making also contributed to trusting relationships between patients and physicians. External contributors included institutional factors, how payments are made, and additional healthcare services. DISCUSSION Our model summarized modifiable contributors to a trusting patient-physician relationship. We found that providing sufficient time during patient-physician encounters, ensuring continuity of care, and fostering health education are promising starting points for improving trust between patients and physicians. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of interventions that address multiple modifiable contributors to a trusting patient-physician relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seraina Petra Lerch
- Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, Ruprecht Karls-University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Bergheimer Str. 20, DE-69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Rahel Hänggi
- Institute for Medical Education, Department for Assessment and Evaluation, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yara Bussmann
- Institute for Medical Education, Department for Assessment and Evaluation, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Lörwald
- Institute for Medical Education, Department for Assessment and Evaluation, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Sherifali D, da Silva LP, Dewan P, Cader FA, Dakhil Z, Gyawali B, Klassen S, Yaseen IF, Jovkovic M, Khalid S, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Alliston P, Racey M. Peer Support for Type 2 Diabetes Management in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Scoping Review. Glob Heart 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38404615 PMCID: PMC10885823 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although there is evidence of peer support in high-income countries, the use of peer support as an intervention for cardiometabolic disease management, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is unclear. Methods A scoping review methodology was used to search the databases MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, LILACS, CDSR, and CENTRAL. Results Twenty-eight studies were included in this scoping review. Of these, 67% were developed in Asia, 22% in Africa, and 11% in the Americas. The definition of peer support varied; however, peer support offered a social and emotional dimension to help individuals cope with negative emotions and barriers while promoting disease management. Conclusions Findings from this scopingreview highlight a lack of consistency in defining peer support as a component of CMD management in LMICs. A clear definition of peer support and ongoing program evaluation is recommended for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sherifali
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lilian Pinto da Silva
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pooja Dewan
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - F. Aaysha Cader
- Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zainab Dakhil
- Ibn Al-Bitar Cardiac Centre, Al-Kindy College of Medicine/University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Bishal Gyawali
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sheila Klassen
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Israa Fadhil Yaseen
- Baghdad Heart Center, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Milos Jovkovic
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saira Khalid
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paige Alliston
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Racey
- McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Team, School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Izquierdo V, Pazos-Couselo M, González-Rodríguez M, Rodríguez-González R. Educational programs in type 2 diabetes designed for community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 46:157-165. [PMID: 35700683 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of educational interventions in type 2 diabetes specifically designed for community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search of studies published between 2010 and 2021 was conducted across five electronic databases and manual sources. The study protocol was previously registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021288236). RESULTS Twelve papers matched the inclusion criteria and were appraised using MERSQI. The features of the educational programs were heterogeneous, and none complied with the ten suggested standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Comprehensive gerontological assessment was not considered. Outcomes included biomedical, psychosocial, behavioral, and knowledge measures. HbA1c and knowledge showed improvements with a high certainty level according to GRADE. CONCLUSIONS Structured DSME programs aimed at older adults have great potential, however there is still room to improve. Applying the principles of a comprehensive gerontological approach and the standards for DSME as continuous monitoring and support could increase their benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Izquierdo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Pazos-Couselo
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Research Methods (RESMET), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | - Raquel Rodríguez-González
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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The Effect of Using Peer on Self-Care, Quality of Life, and Adherence in Elderly People with Coronary Artery Disease. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:4770721. [PMID: 34916875 PMCID: PMC8669978 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4770721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronary artery disease is one of the most common diseases and the cause of death among elderly people. Due to the chronic nature of this disease, regular follow-up, lifestyle changes, and adherence to recommendations can reduce the complications and improve the quality of life among elderly individuals. Given the importance of using educational methods that are based on the patient's age and disease stage, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of using a peer group on self-care, adherence, and quality of life in elderly people. Method This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 30 old patients with coronary artery disease aged 60 years in Shiraz from March to June 2021. The patients were selected using simple random sampling and were then randomly assigned to the peer education and control groups (15 participants in each group) via permuted block randomization. The patients in the peer education group received the necessary education about medications, lifestyle, daily activities, self-care, and adherence through three educational clips by educated peer. The patients in the control group received routine education using two clips by the ward nurses. The levels of self-care, adherence, and quality of life were assessed in the intervention and control groups before and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 20 software using an independent t-test, paired sample t-test, and chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to the mean scores of self-care and quality of life before the intervention (P > 0.05). Following the educational intervention, however, a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups concerning the mean scores of self-care and adherence (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean differences between the two groups regarding the three variables were statistically significant before and after the intervention (P < 0.05). Conclusion Education based on multimedia clips by peer was effective in increasing the mean scores of self-care, adherence, and quality of life among the elderly people with coronary artery disease. Given the low cost, high effectiveness, and decrease in the nurses' workload, this method is recommended to be used alongside other methods in order to educate elderly individuals suffering from coronary artery disease.
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Shahsavari A, Estebsari F, Atashzadeh-Shoorideh F, Ilkhani M. The effect of peer support on quality of life among type 2 diabetic patients in deprived areas in Iran: A randomized clinical trial. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:345. [PMID: 34761031 PMCID: PMC8552282 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_72_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QOL) is one of the effective factors in promoting the health of diabetic patients. In recent years, the role of peer support in the optimal management of diabetes has gained increasing attention. However, contradictory results have been reported from the effectiveness of this method. This study aimed to investigate the effect of peer support on the QOL among type 2 diabetic patients in deprived areas. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 80 patients with T2D referring to the diabetes Clinic in Aligoudarz in Iran. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups of 40 patients. Intervention group received a peer Supportive-educational program for 3 months and the control group received routine clinic care. Diabetes QOL brief clinical inventory was used to collect the data. This questionnaire was completed three times at the beginning of the study, immediately after the 3-day training, and after 3 months of peer supportive intervention. The SPSS software (v. 18.0) was used to analyze the data through the Generalized Estimating Equations. RESULTS There was no significant difference in mean QOL between the two groups before the intervention (P = 0.891) and immediately after the education (P = 0.076). However, after 3 months of intervention, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in mean QOL compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Peer support program can improve the QOL in type 2 diabetic patients in deprived areas. Therefore, this method can be recommended to improve care and educational programs in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Shahsavari
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Estebsari
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foroozan Atashzadeh-Shoorideh
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Labbafinezhad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ilkhani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mohammadbeigi A, Khavasi M, Golitaleb M, Jodaki K. The effect of peer group education on anxiety, stress, and depression in older adults living in nursing homes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2021; 26:252-257. [PMID: 34277377 PMCID: PMC8262540 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_40_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background: The effects of peer education have been addressed in different populations, but this method of education has not been applied in the elderly population of Iran, and its effect has not been studied. The present study investigated the effects of peer group education on anxiety, stress, and depression of the older adults living in nursing homes. Materials and Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study with an intervention and control group and it was conducted on 70 elderly citizens living in Qom nursing homes in July 2017. For the intervention group, a relaxation and stress reduction program was trained through the peer group. The control group received routine care. Data were collected using a Demographic information questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Data were collected at the beginning, 10 and 30 days after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 19, descriptive statistics, and repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The results of the study showed no significant difference between any of the demographic variables at the beginning of the study (p > 0.05). The statistical test showed that the effects of time (p < 0.001) and group (p < 0.011) were significant on anxiety, stress, and depression. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that peer education could decrease anxiety, stress, and depression in the elderly. Therefore, this educational method can be used by nurses to promote various health education programs, e.g., to health promotion and prevent disease especially in the elderly community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi
- Department of Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khavasi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mohamad Golitaleb
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Kurosh Jodaki
- Department of Anesthesia, School of Para Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.,Departments of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ebrahimi H, Abbasi A, Bagheri H, Basirinezhad MH, Shakeri S, Mohammadpourhodki R. The role of peer support education model on the quality of life and self-care behaviors of patients with myocardial infarction. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2021; 104:130-135. [PMID: 32826102 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of peer education on the quality of life and self-care behaviors of patients with myocardial infarction. METHODS In this clinical trial, 70 patients with myocardial infarction meeting the inclusion criteria were assigned to experimental (n = 35) or control (n = 35) groups using block randomization. Patients in the intervention group received two one-hour training sessions on the third day after myocardial infarction during the CCU stay along with routine care. Education intervention was performed by peers. The control group will follow routine care. All patients selected were assessed using McNews' quality of life questionnaire and Miller self-care questionnaire, respectively before the intervention and also one month after discharge. Chi-square and t-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS After the intervention, the mean of quality of life and the mean score of self-care behaviors in the experimental group were significantly higher compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS According to the results, to improve the quality of life and promote the self-care behaviors in such patients, using peer education along with healthcare professionals is recommended. PRACTICE IMPLICATION This patient education approach had a significant impact on quality of life and self-care behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ebrahimi
- Randomized Controlled Trial Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Abbasi
- Department of Nursing, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hossein Bagheri
- Department of Nursing, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Shakeri
- Department of Nursing, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadpourhodki
- Department of Nursing, Kashmar Center of Higher Health Education, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Seah SJ, Zheng H, Lim RBT. Efficacy of community-based self-care interventions to improve biophysical, psychosocial or behavioural outcomes among community-dwelling older adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 169:108411. [PMID: 32898575 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This review assessed the efficacy of self-care interventions to improve biophysical, psychosocial or behavioural outcomes among older adults with diabetes. METHODS Computerised and manual searches were performed. A total of 18 randomised control trials were included in the review, of which eight were subsequently included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Most studies were from the United States of America and adopted a collaborative approach with participants. The specific needs of older adults were often not considered, and there was a predominance of biophysical measures. Meta-analysis revealed that among intervention condition participants, there were improvements in HbA1c (pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) -0.33, 95%CI -0.48 to -0.17), systolic blood pressure (WMD -1.55, 95%CI -2.93 to -0.18), diastolic blood pressure (WMD -1.41 95%CI -2.08 to -0.20), triglyceride (WMD -13.25, 95%CI -23.31 to -3.20), high-density lipoprotein (WMD 2.05, 95%CI 1.04 to 3.06) and Diabetes Self-Care Activities score (mean 4.10, 95%CI 3.11 to 5.10) compared to the control group. There was no significant change for low-density lipoprotein (WMD -5.93, 95%CI -12.08 to 0.22). CONCLUSIONS While continuing to adopt a collaborative approach, future self-care interventions should incorporate psychosocial and behavioural outcomes, consider the specific needs of older adults, and focus on more ethnically diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siang Joo Seah
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Huili Zheng
- Health Promotion Board, Singapore, 3 Second Hospital Ave, Singapore 168937, Singapore City, Singapore.
| | - Raymond Boon Tar Lim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore City, Singapore.
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