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Fodale V, Angileri FF, Antonuccio P, Basile G, Benedetto F, Leonetti D, Micari A, Fodale MF. The dramatic increase in sudden cardiac deaths and the alarming low survival: A global call to action to improve outcome with the engagement of tertiary education system. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:164. [PMID: 37404934 PMCID: PMC10317265 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1385_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, cause of disability and death, has dramatically increased worldwide, but despite the progress, the incidence of survival does not appear to have increased significantly. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) remains the principal factor in saving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims. Analyzing the immense efforts produced by states and professional organizations to train people in CPR skills for immediate intervention in the occurrence of a cardiac arrest, the primary global strategy is centered on CPR education and training for schoolchildren. But the rate of CPR training remains low, with wide differences among communities. The concept of CPR training for schoolchildren to increase bystander CPR rates needs to be implemented. We suggest a global call to action for the tertiary education system for CPR learning and training, including all undergraduate students regardless of the degree course, as a possible method to improve the traditional CPR training today centered on the secondary education system. Extending CPR training courses to the university educational system could significantly increase the number of people educated in life-saving maneuvers. The final objective is to improve the survival rate of patients with out-of-hospital primary cardiac arrest, which has dramatically increased worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Fodale
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Adult and Childhood Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Anesthesiology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo F. Angileri
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Antonuccio
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Unit of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Adult and Childhood Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Basile
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Filippo Benedetto
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Leonetti
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Micari
- Center for Simulation and Innovative Education – S.I.D.I., University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele F. Fodale
- Center for Health Education and Research of Switzerland (CHERS), Lugano, Switzerland
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Liu Y, Pásztor A. Moderated mediating effects of gender among the components of critical thinking disposition in undergraduate students. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14664. [PMID: 37025810 PMCID: PMC10070609 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical thinking disposition (CTD), as a facet of the critical thinking (CT) framework, is regarded as the activation of critical thinking skills (CTS). Although studies regarding gender difference of CTD can be found, there is a scarcity of studies on the relationships among CTD components and their mediating effects concerning gender. Additionally, traditional gender comparison of latent means neglected the influence of scales, which leads to doubt about the results on whether the difference is caused by scales or gender characteristic distinction. Measurement invariance (MI) is suggested to be confirmed before performing comparisons. Previous research has had fewer MI results for CTD inventories. Thus, this study aims to analyze the gender equality of the Employer-Employee-Supported Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (2ES-CTDI) as well as the moderated mediating effects of gender on the components of CTD among 661 Chinese undergraduates (Mage = 19.57; SD = 1.26) via MI and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) by Mplus and STATA. The results found that (a) the scale has high reliability and validity for measuring undergraduates' CTD. MI findings indicated that the configural and metric models were achieved, and the scalar model identified the partial invariance by freeing the intercepts of indicators A5, C7, and C8; (b) Girls have stronger self-efficacy and habitual truth-digging disposition, whereas boys have higher instant judgment; (c) Instant judgment has a negative influence on habitual truth-digging with self-efficacy as the competitive partial mediator, in which, gender moderated the relationship between instant judgment and self-efficacy. These findings, theoretically, proved the stability of the CTD framework of 2ES-CTDI, and practically, call for instructors to pay closer attention to the gender role in CTD cultivation.
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