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Zhou B, Li W, Li Y, Sun D, Du X. Effect of Self-developed Ye'an Analgetic Decoction/Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction Combined with Tramadol on TCM Symptom Scores and RLS Severity of patients with Restless Legs Syndrome. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:1017-1021. [PMID: 38827852 PMCID: PMC11140336 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.5.8400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of self-developed Ye'an Analgetic Decoction/Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) symptom scores and RLS Severity of patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS). Methods This was a clinical comparative study. Eighty patients with RLS admitted to Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=40). Patients in the control group were given basic and oral tramadol treatment, while those in the observation group were given self-developed Ye'an Analgetic Decoction/Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction based on the treatment in the control group. The differences of TCM symptom scores, RLS severity (IRLS), quality of life (QOL-RLS), sleep quality (PSQI) and clinical efficacy between the two groups were compared. Results Before treatment, no statistically significant differences were observed in the TCM symptom scores, IRLS scores, QOL-RLS scores and PSQI scores between the two groups (p>0.05). After treatment, the above scores decreased significantly in both groups, with a higher degree of decrease in the observation group than in the control group, indicating statistically significant differences (p<0.05). The QOL-RLS scores were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The overall response rate in the observation group was 95.00%, which was higher than that in the control group (80.00%), with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion Self-developed Ye'an Analgetic Decoction/Jiawei Shaoyao Gancao Decoction leads to numerous benefits in the treatment of RLS, such as obviously ameliorating patients' clinical symptoms, reducing RLS severity, and improving their quality of life and sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhou
- Bowen Zhou, Orthopedics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Wei Li
- Wei Li, Orthopedics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Yajun Li, Orthopedics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Dongkai Sun
- Dongkai Sun, Orthopedics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoding No.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xin Du
- Xin Du, Department of Gynaecology, Baoding Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
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Zhou X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Wang C, Liu S, Jiang Y. Global prevalence of restless legs syndrome among hemodialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3378. [PMID: 38376019 PMCID: PMC10784193 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common complaint in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Despite the fact that the estimated prevalence of RLS among HD patients is widely reported, these results varied significantly in the relevant literature. Due to this limitation, the aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of RLS among HD patients. METHODS This systematic review was conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 statement. We searched the electronic databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database, and Weipu Database. A random effects model was employed to calculate pooled prevalence rates. RESULTS The global pooled prevalence of RLS in HD patients was 27.2% (95% CI: 24.8-29.7). Stratified analyses demonstrated that included studies with sample size <100 had the highest pooled prevalence of RLS. The prevalence of RLS using clinical interviews and questionnaires was 28.7% (95% CI: 25.2-32.2) and 25.9% (95% CI: 22.8-29.1), respectively. RLS prevalence is higher in females (29.7%, 95% CI: 26.2-33.2) HD patients than in males (23.5%, 95% CI: 20.9-26.0), and the African region has the highest prevalence in the world when the diagnostic criteria were restricted to the 2003 version of International RLS Study Group criteria, the prevalence of RLS was highest (28.9%, 95% CI: 25.9-31.9). CONCLUSION Our results revealed a high RLS prevalence in HD patients worldwide. However, the prevalence of RLS among HD patients varied significantly based on sample size, data collection method, gender, diagnostic criteria, and geographical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu‐Hua Zhou
- Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Xin‐Rui Zhang
- Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Shan‐Shan Liu
- Evidence‐Based Nursing Center, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Nursing Department, West China HospitalSichuan University/West China School of NursingSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
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Saboo K, Gemnani R, Acharya S, Kumar S, Sontakke T. Unmasking Uremic Encephalopathy: Choreoathetoid Movements Mimicking Alcohol Withdrawal in a Person with an Alcohol Use Disorder. Cureus 2023; 15:e47387. [PMID: 38022070 PMCID: PMC10659565 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chorea is a disorder characterized by irregular, involuntary movements affecting the limbs, trunk, neck, or face. It can be a significant symptom in various neurologic diseases, including metabolic, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative conditions. The neural foundation that underlies the genesis of chorea appears to be fairly diverse, even though its pathophysiology is frequently associated with the malfunctioning of inhibitory circuits within the basal ganglia. Movement disorders such as tremors, myoclonus, ataxia, chorea, and Parkinsonism may arise due to renal dysfunction or complications from management like renal transplant and hemodialysis. Uremic encephalopathy is a rare but potentially life-threatening neurological complication of chronic kidney disease. We present a case of a 50-year-old male with a known history of chronic kidney disease and chronic alcoholism, who exhibited abnormal movements resembling chorea upon presentation. Initially suspected as alcohol withdrawal-related chorea, further evaluation revealed concurrent rising creatinine levels, acidosis, and hyperkalemia. Hemodialysis was initiated, resulting in a significant improvement in choreoathetoid movements. This case implies the importance of considering uremic encephalopathy in the differential diagnosis of movement disorders in patients with underlying kidney dysfunction, even in the context of chronic alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyur Saboo
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Rinkle Gemnani
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Tushar Sontakke
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
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Ansari I, Kumar S, Acharya S, Agrawal S, Saboo K. Thyroid Dysfunction at Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Rural Teaching College in Central India. Cureus 2023; 15:e42130. [PMID: 37602030 PMCID: PMC10437084 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The high prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) indicates a major correlation between the progression of CKD and thyroid dysfunction. In this study, we highlighted thyroid dysfunction and its relation to the severity and different stages of CKDs. Materials and methods From October 2018 to September 2020, 200 cases with CKD, admitted under the Department of Medicine at a rural teaching hospital in central India, were selected for the study. The collected data was analyzed and correlated using the Chi-square test, and the parameters suggested the presence or absence of low T3 syndrome, low T4 syndrome, and primary hypothyroidism. Results Out of 200 patients enrolled, 181 (91.5%) had thyroid abnormalities. Among these patients, the presence of low T3 syndrome was 57%, low T4 syndrome was 23%, and primary hypothyroidism was 10.5%. It was reported that as the CKD stages advanced, TSH levels increased with a statistically significant difference (p=0.04). Conclusions As kidney function progressively deteriorated, specifically in stage five, the chances of occurrence of hypothyroidism increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifthekar Ansari
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Sachin Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Keyur Saboo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
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Ning P, Mu X, Yang X, Li T, Xu Y. Prevalence of restless legs syndrome in people with diabetes mellitus: A pooling analysis of observational studies. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 46:101357. [PMID: 35345532 PMCID: PMC8956955 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with different clinical complications. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of RLS in people with diabetes mellitus and compare the risk of restless leg syndrome (RLS) between diabetic and non-diabetic population. METHODS We searched for studies of RLS prevalence in DM through PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Two authors independently completed the literature screening, data extraction, and bias risk assessment of eligible studies. All observational studies that assessed the prevalence or risk of RLS in DM were included, where the diagnosis of RLS was based on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG). Percentages, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess pooled estimates of RLS prevalence and risk based on random-effects models. Newcastle-Ottawa-scale (NOS) or a modified NOS were used to evaluate the quality of studies. FINDINGS A total of 42 studies, including 835,986 participants, met the eligibility criteria for the meta-analysis. Among them, 30 studies were included in meta-analysis to analyze the prevalence of RLS. A second meta-analysis was conducted using 31 studies to determine RLS risk between diabetes and non-diabetes. The results indicate that between 25% (95% confidence interval 21%-29%) of people with diabetes showed signs of RLS, and people with diabetes had an increased risk of developing RLS compare to people without diabetes (OR 1.98, 95%CI 1.66- 2.34, p < 0.001). However, the available evidence was limited due to potential risk of bias and variability between studies (I2 >75%), all of observational design. INTERPRETATION Our study suggests that the prevalence and risk of RLS might be higher in DM patients than in non-diabetes population. However, given limitations in the analysis and study design, the findings need to be corroborated in future studies. FUNDING This work was supported by the Basic Conditions Platform Construction Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Department (2019JDPT0015), and the "1・3・5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University" (ZYJC18003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Ning
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Mu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, 18 Wanxiang North Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xinglong Yang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xi Change Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, PR China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Rd, Xi'an 710032, PR China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Yanming Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Corresponding authors.
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Sahu G, Kumar S, Acharya S, Talwar D, Annadatha A, Patel M, Pawar T, Shah D, Phate N, Verma P. The Act of Prevention: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perception Among Caretakers of Kidney Disease Patients in Rural Wardha District of Central India. Cureus 2022; 14:e23058. [PMID: 35419237 PMCID: PMC8994922 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a continual rise in the prevalence of non-cancerous conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) owing to an enormous load of diabetes, hypertension, and vascular diseases. A positive attitude and healthy lifestyle for CKD prevention can only be followed when the masses are well aware and educated about the disease. This study aimed to compare, correlate, and evaluate the distribution of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions among relatives or caretakers of patients with kidney disease or at risk of the disease. Methodology This cross-sectional study aimed at obtaining data on the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions using the Chronic Kidney Diseases Screening Index questionnaire from the relatives of CKD patients. All data were computed and analyzed using SPSS version 28.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results The majority of the relatives of CKD patients had poor knowledge (63.6%) and poor attitude (51.6%) levels. On the contrary, most respondents had good practices (52.8%) level toward the risk for CKD. A significant correlation was noted between education and knowledge (p < 0.050). A significant association was also observed between education and occupation with attitude (p < 0.001 and p < 0.050, respectively). Additionally, a significant association was noted between age and perception (p < 0.001). Conclusions Informed and well-educated populations are less prone to acquire or progress to CKD. From this study, we can understand the need for improvement in public knowledge, which has the potential to help in saving the lives of many patients progressing toward end-stage renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sahu
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Dhruv Talwar
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Akhilesh Annadatha
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Mansi Patel
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Twinkle Pawar
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Divit Shah
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Neha Phate
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
| | - Prerna Verma
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, IND
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Pinheiro T, Thomas T, Devaraj U, Ramachandran P, Krishnaswamy UM. Prevalence of restless legs syndrome and quality of sleep in type 2 diabetics. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107727. [PMID: 32921575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an irresistible urge to move, with or without paraesthesia occurring or worsening at rest and relieved by activity. Only a few reports of prevalence of RLS with type 2 diabetes are available in India. AIMS To estimate the occurrence and risk factors of RLS among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHOD This cross-sectional study was done in consecutive adult patients with type 2 diabetes. Demographic and comorbidity profile were collected. RLS diagnosis was made based on revised international RLS study group (IRLSSG) criteria. RESULTS Two hundred and ten diabetic patients were interviewed. Mean age was 56 ± 13.5 years. Male-female ratio was 139: 71. Mean duration of diabetes was 8.3 years. Treatment received for diabetes included oral hypoglycaemic agents (153 patients) and insulin (85 patients). Forty-five patients had polyneuropathy, 18 had retinopathy and 22 had nephropathy. Majority (103) of subjects reported their bedtime as 9-10 pm. Average sleep duration was 8.4 h per night. RLS was diagnosed in 17 (8%) subjects. Mean sleep onset in subjects with RLS was 56 min versus 29 min in diabetics without RLS (p-0.01). The mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was 5 in RLS and 3.3 in non-RLS patients (p-0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS RLS resulted in poor sleep quality and affected overall quality of life in diabetics. As poor sleep is a known risk factor for uncontrolled diabetes, early identification and treatment of RLS would help improve glycaemic control and quality of life in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thara Pinheiro
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Tijo Thomas
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Uma Devaraj
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India.
| | - Priya Ramachandran
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnaswamy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, India
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Safarpour Y, Vaziri ND, Jabbari B. Movement Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease - A Descriptive Review. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 30:105408. [PMID: 33139171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to describe the mechanism of damage to subcortical structures in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to describe the range of movement disorders associated with CKD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have reviewed the Medline literature up to January of 2020 using key words movement disorders and chronic kidney disease. The reviewed articles were studied for mechanisms of subcortical damage in CKD as well as type of the reported movements, their frequency and updated treatment. RESULTS The search revealed 183 articles most of them dealing with restless legs syndrome. The damage to basal ganglia in CKD resulted from several mechanisms including accumulation of nitro tyrosine caused by reactive oxygen species and action of uremic toxins leading to endothelial damage and dysfunction of blood-brain barrier. Involuntary movements in CKD include restless legs syndrome (RLS), myoclonus, asterixis, dystonia, chorea, tremor, and Parkinsonism. CONCLUSIONS Chronic kidney disease can cause several abnormal involuntary movements via damaging basal ganglia and subcortical structures. The most common movement disorders in CKD are RLS, myoclonus and asterixis. Restless legs syndrome and myoclonus when severe, need and respond to treatment. Movement disorders in CKD improve with improvement of kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Safarpour
- Department of Medicine. University of California Riverside, School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, United States.
| | - Bahman Jabbari
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, United States.
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