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Truong JXM, Rao SR, Ryan FJ, Lynn DJ, Snel MF, Butler LM, Trim PJ. Spatial MS multiomics on clinical prostate cancer tissues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1745-1757. [PMID: 38324070 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) and MS imaging (MSI) are used extensively for both the spatial and bulk characterization of samples in lipidomics and proteomics workflows. These datasets are typically generated independently due to different requirements for sample preparation. However, modern omics technologies now provide higher sample throughput and deeper molecular coverage, which, in combination with more sophisticated bioinformatic and statistical pipelines, make generating multiomics data from a single sample a reality. In this workflow, we use spatial lipidomics data generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MSI (MALDI-MSI) on prostate cancer (PCa) radical prostatectomy cores to guide the definition of tumor and benign tissue regions for laser capture microdissection (LCM) and bottom-up proteomics all on the same sample and using the same mass spectrometer. Accurate region of interest (ROI) mapping was facilitated by the SCiLS region mapper software and dissected regions were analyzed using a dia-PASEF workflow. A total of 5525 unique protein groups were identified from all dissected regions. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1), a lipid remodelling enzyme, was significantly enriched in the dissected regions of cancerous epithelium (CE) compared to benign epithelium (BE). The increased abundance of this protein was reflected in the lipidomics data with an increased ion intensity ratio for pairs of phosphatidylcholines (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) in CE compared to BE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob X M Truong
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Sushma R Rao
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Feargal J Ryan
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - David J Lynn
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Marten F Snel
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Lisa M Butler
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- South Australian immunoGENomics Cancer Institute (SAiGENCI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Paul J Trim
- The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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2
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Sorvina A, Martini C, Prabhakaran S, Logan JM, S-Y Ung B, Moore C, Johnson IRD, Lazniewska J, Tewari P, Malone V, Brooks RD, Hickey SM, Caruso MC, Klebe S, Karageorgos L, O'Leary JJ, Delahunt B, Samaratunga H, Brooks DA. Appl1, Sortilin and Syndecan-1 immunohistochemistry on intraductal carcinoma of the prostate provides evidence of retrograde spread. Pathology 2023; 55:792-799. [PMID: 37422404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDCP) correlates with late-stage disease and poor outcomes for patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma, but the accurate and reliable staging of disease severity remains challenging. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been utilised to overcome problems in assessing IDCP morphology, but the current markers have only demonstrated limited utility in characterising the complex biology of this lesion. In a retrospective study of a cohort of patients who had been diagnosed with IDCP, we utilised IHC on radical prostatectomy sections with a biomarker panel of Appl1, Sortilin and Syndecan-1, to interpret different architectural patterns and to explore the theory that IDCP occurs from retrograde spread of high-grade invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma. Cribriform IDCP displayed strong Appl1, Sortilin and Syndecan-1 labelling patterns, while solid IDCP architecture had high intensity Appl1 and Syndecan-1 labelling, but minimal Sortilin labelling. Notably, the expression pattern of the biomarker panel in regions of IDCP was similar to that of adjacent invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma, and also comparable to prostate cancer showing perineural and vascular invasion. The Appl1, Sortilin, and Syndecan-1 biomarker panel in IDCP provides evidence for the model of retrograde spread of invasive prostatic carcinoma into ducts/acini, and supports the inclusion of IDCP into the five-tier Gleason grading system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sorvina
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carmela Martini
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Sarita Prabhakaran
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Anatomical Pathology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jessica M Logan
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Benjamin S-Y Ung
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Courtney Moore
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ian R D Johnson
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanna Lazniewska
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Prerna Tewari
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Victoria Malone
- Department of Pathology, The Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Robert D Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shane M Hickey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Maria C Caruso
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sonja Klebe
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Litsa Karageorgos
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - John J O'Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brett Delahunt
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Hemamali Samaratunga
- Aquesta Uropathology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Doug A Brooks
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Samir Sayed RM, El Shorbagy G, Shibel PEE. Immunohistochemical Expression of Alpha-Methyl-Coa (AMACR) and ERG in Prostatic Adenocarcinoma and Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Comparative Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2861-2868. [PMID: 37642075 PMCID: PMC10685206 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.8.2861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This observational comparative study aimed at investigating the diagnostic accuracy of ERG in differentiating benign and malignant prostatic lesions and comparing it to the diagnostic accuracy of AMACR. We also aimed at comparing AMACR and ERG expression to Gleason grade of the carcinoma cases. METHODS Seventy- two cases (22 prostatic hyperplasia and 50 prostatic carcinoma) were collected from the pathology department at Cairo university. The cases were immunostained by antibodies against AMACR and ERG. Immunohistochemical expressions of both markers were differentially examined in benign and malignant cases, compared to each other's, as well as, to the grade group of the malignant cases. RESULTS AMACR showed 62% sensitivity and 86.4% specificity for the diagnosis of PC, with a statistically significant differential expression in benign and malignant lesions (P=0.001). Its expression also correlated significantly with the age (p=0.007), Gleason grade (P=0.006) and perineural invasion (P=0.011). Although ERG showed 100% specificity to PC with no expression in hyperplasia cases, it showed only 22% sensitivity for PC cases. ERG expression also showed statistically significant correlation with the Gleason grade. No association between ERG and AMACR expression was detected in our study (P=0.151). Regarding the diagnostic accuracy, although ERG accuracy was much lower than that of AMACR, combining both markers yielded a higher diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSION Although ERG proved no superior value than AMACR in diagnosing prostatic lesions, combining both markers may lead to higher diagnostic accuracy owing to higher ERG specificity for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Galal El Shorbagy
- Department of Urology, Faculty of medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Kiełb P, Kowalczyk K, Gurwin A, Nowak Ł, Krajewski W, Sosnowski R, Szydełko T, Małkiewicz B. Novel Histopathological Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: Implications and Perspectives. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1552. [PMID: 37371647 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men. Despite the significant progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment over the last few years, the approach to disease detection and therapy still does not include histopathological biomarkers. The dissemination of PCa is strictly related to the creation of a premetastatic niche, which can be detected by altered levels of specific biomarkers. To date, the risk factors for biochemical recurrence include lymph node status, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), body mass index (BMI), pathological Gleason score, seminal vesicle invasion, extraprostatic extension, and intraductal carcinoma. In the future, biomarkers might represent another prognostic factor, as discussed in many studies. In this review, we focus on histopathological biomarkers (particularly CD169 macrophages, neuropilin-1, cofilin-1, interleukin-17, signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 (STAT3), LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1), CD15, AMACR, prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), Appl1, Sortilin, Syndecan-1, and p63) and their potential application in decision making regarding the prognosis and treatment of PCa patients. We refer to studies that found a correlation between the levels of biomarkers and tumor characteristics as well as clinical outcomes. We also hypothesize about the potential use of histopathological markers as a target for novel immunotherapeutic drugs or targeted radionuclide therapy, which may be used as adjuvant therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Kiełb
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Kowalczyk
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Gurwin
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Nowak
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Krajewski
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Roman Sosnowski
- Department of Urogenital Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Szydełko
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Małkiewicz
- University Center of Excellence in Urology, Department of Minimally Invasive and Robotic Urology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Soltani S, Cheng B, Osunkoya AO, Robles FE. Deep UV Microscopy Identifies Prostatic Basal Cells: An Important Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Diagnostics. BME FRONTIERS 2022; 2022:9847962. [PMID: 37850167 PMCID: PMC10521648 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9847962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective and Impact Statement. Identifying benign mimics of prostatic adenocarcinoma remains a significant diagnostic challenge. In this work, we developed an approach based on label-free, high-resolution molecular imaging with multispectral deep ultraviolet (UV) microscopy which identifies important prostate tissue components, including basal cells. This work has significant implications towards improving the pathologic assessment and diagnosis of prostate cancer. Introduction. One of the most important indicators of prostate cancer is the absence of basal cells in glands and ducts. However, identifying basal cells using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains, which is the standard of care, can be difficult in a subset of cases. In such situations, pathologists often resort to immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for a definitive diagnosis. However, IHC is expensive and time-consuming and requires more tissue sections which may not be available. In addition, IHC is subject to false-negative or false-positive stains which can potentially lead to an incorrect diagnosis. Methods. We leverage the rich molecular information of label-free multispectral deep UV microscopy to uniquely identify basal cells, luminal cells, and inflammatory cells. The method applies an unsupervised geometrical representation of principal component analysis to separate the various components of prostate tissue leading to multiple image representations of the molecular information. Results. Our results show that this method accurately and efficiently identifies benign and malignant glands with high fidelity, free of any staining procedures, based on the presence or absence of basal cells. We further use the molecular information to directly generate a high-resolution virtual IHC stain that clearly identifies basal cells, even in cases where IHC stains fail. Conclusion. Our simple, low-cost, and label-free deep UV method has the potential to improve and facilitate prostate cancer diagnosis by enabling robust identification of basal cells and other important prostate tissue components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Soltani
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Brian Cheng
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Francisco E. Robles
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Centenera MM, Vincent AD, Moldovan M, Lin HM, Lynn DJ, Horvath LG, Butler LM. Harnessing the Heterogeneity of Prostate Cancer for Target Discovery Using Patient-Derived Explants. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071708. [PMID: 35406480 PMCID: PMC8996971 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is a widespread push toward more biologically relevant pre-clinical models of prostate cancer that can improve the discovery and translation of new drugs and biomarkers for this disease. Patient-derived explant culture is an innovative pre-clinical model that utilizes surgical prostate cancer specimens in a way that retains the architecture, microenvironment and heterogeneity of prostate tumors—factors that critically influence cell behavior and response to therapy. With increasing tissue complexity comes increasing complexity of analysis. The aim of this study was to provide critical information for the successful application and analysis of the patient-derived prostate cancer explant model. Abstract Prostate cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease, but a small number of cell lines have dominated basic prostate cancer research, representing a major obstacle in the field of drug and biomarker discovery. A growing lack of confidence in cell lines has seen a shift toward more sophisticated pre-clinical cancer models that incorporate patient-derived tumors as xenografts or explants, to more accurately reflect clinical disease. Not only do these models retain critical features of the original tumor, and account for the molecular diversity and cellular heterogeneity of prostate cancer, but they provide a unique opportunity to conduct research in matched tumor samples. The challenge that accompanies these complex tissue models is increased complexity of analysis. With over 10 years of experience working with patient-derived explants (PDEs) of prostate cancer, this study provides guidance on the PDE method, its limitations, and considerations for addressing the heterogeneity of prostate cancer PDEs that are based on statistical modeling. Using inhibitors of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as an example of a drug that induces robust proliferative response, we demonstrate how multi-omics analysis in prostate cancer PDEs is both feasible and essential for identification of key biological pathways, with significant potential for novel drug target and biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Centenera
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (A.D.V.); (L.M.B.)
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrew D. Vincent
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (A.D.V.); (L.M.B.)
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Max Moldovan
- Biometry Hub, Faculty of Science, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Hui-Ming Lin
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.-M.L.); (L.G.H.)
| | - David J. Lynn
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Lisa G. Horvath
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; (H.-M.L.); (L.G.H.)
- Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lisa M. Butler
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (A.D.V.); (L.M.B.)
- Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
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Current advances in prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for solid cancers: Detection techniques and future challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112488. [PMID: 34894516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid cancers are one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths, characterized by rapid growth of tumour, and local and distant metastases. Current advances on multimodality care have substantially improved local control and metastasis-free survival of patients by resection of primary tumour. The major concern in disease prognosis is the timely detection of resectable or metastatic tumour, thus reinforcing the need for identification of biomarkers for premalignant lesions of solid cancer. This ultimately improves the outcome for the patients. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to update the recent advancements on prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers to enhance early detection of common solid cancers including, breast, lung, colorectal, prostate and stomach cancer. We also provide an insight into Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved solid cancers biomarkers; various conventional techniques used for detection of prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and discuss approaches to turn challenges in this field into opportunities.
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8
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Rounds L, Nagle RB, Muranyi A, Jandova J, Gill S, Vela E, Wondrak GT. Glyoxalase 1 Expression as a Novel Diagnostic Marker of High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3608. [PMID: 34298821 PMCID: PMC8304603 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) is an enzyme involved in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MG), a reactive oncometabolite formed in the context of energy metabolism as a result of high glycolytic flux. Prior clinical evidence has documented GLO1 upregulation in various tumor types including prostate cancer (PCa). However, GLO1 expression has not been explored in the context of PCa progression with a focus on high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), a frequent precursor to invasive cancer. Here, we have evaluated GLO1 expression by immunohistochemistry in archival tumor samples from 187 PCa patients (stage 2 and 3). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed GLO1 upregulation during tumor progression, observable in HGPIN and PCa versus normal prostatic tissue. GLO1 upregulation was identified as a novel hallmark of HGPIN lesions, displaying the highest staining intensity in all clinical patient specimens. GLO1 expression correlated with intermediate-high risk Gleason grade but not with patient age, biochemical recurrence, or pathological stage. Our data identify upregulated GLO1 expression as a molecular hallmark of HGPIN lesions detectable by immunohistochemical analysis. Since current pathological assessment of HGPIN status solely depends on morphological features, GLO1 may serve as a novel diagnostic marker that identifies this precancerous lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Rounds
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (L.R.); (J.J.)
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, Tucson, AZ 85755, USA; (A.M.); (S.G.); (E.V.)
| | - Ray B. Nagle
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA;
| | - Andrea Muranyi
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, Tucson, AZ 85755, USA; (A.M.); (S.G.); (E.V.)
| | - Jana Jandova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (L.R.); (J.J.)
| | - Scott Gill
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, Tucson, AZ 85755, USA; (A.M.); (S.G.); (E.V.)
| | - Elizabeth Vela
- Roche Diagnostics Solutions, Tucson, AZ 85755, USA; (A.M.); (S.G.); (E.V.)
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; (L.R.); (J.J.)
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9
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Immunohistochemistry for Prostate Biopsy-Impact on Histological Prostate Cancer Diagnoses and Clinical Decision Making. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:2123-2133. [PMID: 34207594 PMCID: PMC8293248 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To test the value of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in prostate biopsies for changes in biopsy results and its impact on treatment decision-making. METHODS Between January 2017-June 2020, all patients undergoing prostate biopsies were identified and evaluated regarding additional IHC staining for diagnostic purpose. Final pathologic results after radical prostatectomy (RP) were analyzed regarding the effect of IHC at biopsy. RESULTS Of 606 biopsies, 350 (58.7%) received additional IHC staining. Of those, prostate cancer (PCa) was found in 208 patients (59.4%); while in 142 patients (40.6%), PCa could be ruled out through IHC. IHC patients harbored significantly more often Gleason 6 in biopsy (p < 0.01) and less suspicious baseline characteristics than patients without IHC. Of 185 patients with positive IHC and PCa detection, IHC led to a change in biopsy results in 81 (43.8%) patients. Of these patients with changes in biopsy results due to IHC, 42 (51.9%) underwent RP with 59.5% harboring ≥pT3 and/or Gleason 7-10. CONCLUSIONS Patients with IHC stains had less suspicious characteristics than patients without IHC. Moreover, in patients with positive IHC and PCa detection, a change in biopsy results was observed in >40%. Patients with changes in biopsy results partly underwent RP, in which 60% harbored significant PCa.
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10
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Yang D, Shi X, Lei Y, Zhou X, Chen Q. The auxiliary diagnostic value of prostate-specific antigen and α-methylacyl-CoA racemase in prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1418-1422. [PMID: 32724384 PMCID: PMC7377033 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of malignant tumor, which places a major burden on the health of men, worldwide. A prerequisite to ensure good treatment outcomes for patients with PCa is an accurate diagnosis. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (P504S) in PCa, using the tumor-associated immunolabels. In total, clinical data was collected from 125 patients undergoing prostate biopsy or surgery between January 2015 and September 2019, and stratified into: PCa (45), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (60) and unconfirmed diagnosis (20). Immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to assess PSA and P504S expression levels in each group compared with that in the controls (the normal tissue in each group was the internal control). The results demonstrated that the expression level of P504S was significantly higher in the PCa group compared with that in the BPH group. Furthermore, no significant association was observed in the PCa group between PSA and P504S expression levels, and the Gleason grading groups. A total of 20 unconfirmed diagnoses was verified via PSA/P504S. Taken together, the results suggest that combination PSA and P504S have a positive effect in identifying prostate cancer. However, PSA and P504S still have limitations in their diagnosis and the final results need to be carefully and comprehensively analyzed, thus further studies are required to determine their diagnostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijun Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Qianjiang Central Hospital, QianJiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, QianJiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, QianJiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, QianJiang, Hubei 433100, P.R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Chen
- Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
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