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Ankit K, Khan Y, Jaiswal A, Rana D, Qurishi AA, Pandey S, Manek PV. Prevalence and Patterns of Oral Mucosal Lesions Among Geriatric Patients in India: A Retrospective Study. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S2303-S2305. [PMID: 39346149 PMCID: PMC11426694 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_211_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Geriatric dentistry plays a pivotal role in addressing the oral health needs of the elderly population, who are prone to various age-related disorders affecting the oral mucosa. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among geriatric patients in India, considering factors, such as age, gender, and systemic diseases. Methodology A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted, analyzing medical and clinical examination records of 354 geriatric patients attending a dental college/hospital between 2022 and 2023. Data on demographics, systemic diseases, oral habits, and denture usage were collected, and oral mucosal lesions were classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Results Among the 354 subjects examined, oral mucosal lesions were observed in 54.66% of cases. Leukoplakia (19.49%) and lichen planus (17.80%) were the most prevalent lesions, followed by malignancy (12.99%) and denture stomatitis (9.04%). The prevalence varied across age-groups, with higher rates observed in individuals aged 60-70 years. Conclusion The study highlights the significant burden of oral mucosal lesions among geriatric patients in India, underscoring the need for targeted preventive strategies and comprehensive oral healthcare interventions tailored to the specific needs of elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Ankit
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental College Azamgarh, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yusra Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India
| | - Avinash Jaiswal
- Department of Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dental College Azamgarh, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepmala Rana
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences Faridabad Haryana, India
| | - Ahtesham Ahmad Qurishi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry Jizan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shreya Pandey
- Department of Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dental College Azamgarh, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pranav V. Manek
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Pacific Dental College and Research Center, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Dalirsani Z, Ghazi A, Firouzabadi MG. Frequency of Systemic Diseases and Oral Lesions Among the Institutionalized Elderly Subjects in the Northeast of Iran. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:723. [PMID: 38371557 PMCID: PMC10868977 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_246_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With ageing, the number of systemic diseases and the consumption of drugs increase. Moreover, some oral lesions, especially denture-related lesions, are commonly observed. Aim and Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of systemic diseases and oral lesions in the elderly in the Mashhad Geriatric Institutes. Methods Institutionalized elderly people, who could cooperate for oral examination, enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional study. The frequency of oral lesions and their systemic diseases were recorded in the self-made checklist. For statistical analysis, Student's t-test and Chi-square test were utilized. The significance level was considered to be 0.05. Results During the study, 224 elderly subjects with a mean age of 75.63 ± 11.22 years were evaluated. The mean duration of residency in the elderly nursing centres was 1.87 ± 1.37 years. Hypertension, Alzheimer's disease and diabetes were the most common systemic diseases, and about 47% of the patients had two or multiple concurrent diseases. Among participants, 97.1% had at least one oral lesion. The most common oral lesions were fissured tongue (75%), sublingual varicosity (68.3%) and hairy or coated tongue (38.4%), respectively, which are classified as normal variations of oral mucosa. The most common pathological lesions were denture stomatitis, frictional keratosis and lichenoid reactions. Conclusion Regarding to the high frequency of oral lesions among ageing people, regular examination of the oral mucosa for early detection of oral lesions and appropriate treatments is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Dalirsani
- From the Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ala Ghazi
- From the Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Thankappan S, Nedumpillil S, Thomas V. Clinicopathologic features and risk factors associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): A comprehensive descriptive study analyzing the burden of OSCC in a tertiary-level hospital in North Kerala, India. Indian J Cancer 2023; 60:534-541. [PMID: 38195487 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_203_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, and India shows a high incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases. Kerala accounts for a sizeable number of these cases, most of which can be attributed to the deleterious habits prevalent in a vast majority of the population. A comprehensive descriptive-prospective study was done in our institution over 18 months to identify the possible risk factors, to describe the clinical and sociodemographic variables of OSCC, and to understand the burden of this dreaded disease in the North Kerala population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data collection was done using a structured pro forma. The data were tabulated and organized; uni- and bivariate analysis were performed along with cross-tabulations for various parameters and relevant variables. A total of 243 histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC during 18 months comprised the sample in this study. RESULTS Among the 243 cases, 220 patients had deleterious habits. Betel chewing was the most predominant habit. Buccal mucosa was the commonly affected site. Twenty-three patients had no history of any habits. Majority of the patients presented in stage 3 and 4 of the disease. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was the major histologic type. CONCLUSION The majority of the patients had clinical lesions corresponding to the habit usage, showing a low awareness of tobacco cessation and intervention programs and a high burden of OSCC in the North Kerala population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simi Thankappan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Sherin Nedumpillil
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Valsa Thomas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Govt. Dental College, Calicut, Kerala, India
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Jayasinghe TN, Harrass S, Erdrich S, King S, Eberhard J. Protein Intake and Oral Health in Older Adults-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:4478. [PMID: 36364741 PMCID: PMC9653899 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is vital to general health and well-being for all ages, and as with other chronic conditions, oral health problems increase with age. There is a bi-directional link between nutrition and oral health, in that nutrition affects the health of oral tissues and saliva, and the health of the mouth may affect the foods consumed. Evidence suggests that a healthy diet generally has a positive impact on oral health in older adults. Although studies examining the direct link between oral health and protein intake in older adults are limited, some have explored the relationship via malnutrition, which is also prevalent among older adults. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be associated with poor oral health, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and salivary gland atrophy. This narrative review presents the theoretical evidence on the impact of dietary protein and amino acid composition on oral health, and their combined impact on overall health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini N. Jayasinghe
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sanaa Harrass
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sharon Erdrich
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shalinie King
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Rotbeh A, Kazeminia M, Kalantari M, Rajati F. Global prevalence of oral pigmentation and its related factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:e411-e424. [PMID: 35066171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral pigmentation is due to the accumulation of one or more pigments in tissues, causing changes in the color of the oral mucosal surfaces. Understanding the exact global prevalence of oral pigmentation and its associated factors helps researchers make the proper interventions at the right time; in this respect, the objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the global prevalence of oral pigmentation and its related factors. METHOD A systematic review and meta- analysis were conducted using the following databases: Magiran, SID, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), and Google Scholar. The search was run to retrieve articles published from inception until July 2021, and the following keywords were applied in the search strategy: "Epidemiolo*", "Prevalen*", "Factor*", "Pigment*", "Mouth", and "Oral". The I2 index was used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies, and Egger's test was used to examine the publication bias. RESULTS Sixty-nine articles, with a sample size of 70,668 people, meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The pooled of prevalence of oral pigmentation was estimated to be 20.8% (95% confidence interval: 17.1-1.25%). The prevalence of oral pigmentation raised significantly towards the end of the timespan covered by the study (P˂ 0.001). The majority of the examined studies reported that the prevalence of oral pigmentation is significantly higher in men, smokers or those exposed to secondhand smoke, people with fair skin, and who were affected by Yusho patients. CONCLUSION The results of the present study show that the prevalence of oral pigmentation is high, with higher prevalence in men, smokers or those exposed to cigarette smoke, people with fair skin, and Yusho patients compared to other groups. It is recommended that. these findings be used in policy makers' decisions to deliver better health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rotbeh
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kazeminia
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kalantari
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rajati
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Ceena DE, Navya K, Nayak SU, Shenoy R, Binnal A, Bastian TS. Oral health status among the geriatric population - A cross sectional study. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.36150/2499-6564-n477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mahdani FY, Parmadiati AE, Ernawati DS, Suryanijaya VE, Inastu CR, Radithia D, Ayuningtyas NF, Surboyo MDC, Pratiwi AS, Marsetyo RI. Prevalence of Oral Normal Variance in Healthy Elderly Patients: A Descriptive Study on Oral Pseudo Lesions. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 26:e671-e675. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The aging process in the elderly can change the condition of the oral cavity, regarding both clinical appearance and function. The oral mucosa becomes more susceptible to mechanical damage and irritant agents. Any changes in the oral mucosa, including normal variance, should be examined. This is especially true for the elderly, to improve oral health and prevent any abnormalities.
Objective To describe the prevalence of oral normal variance in healthy elderly patients.
Methods An observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design with total sampling conducted from March to April 2020.
Results Among the 117 elderly patients who participated in this study, 58 were described as healthy without any comorbidities. From those subjects, there were 117 cases of normal variance in the oral mucosa. The three most prevalent issues were fissured tongue (93.1%), coated tongue (58.62%), and crenated tongue (27.59%).
Conclusion Fissured tongue is a normal variance of the oral mucosa that is commonly found in healthy elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yasmin Mahdani
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Diah Savitri Ernawati
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Vint Erawati Suryanijaya
- Bachelor of Dental Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Candrika Ramya Inastu
- Bachelor of Dental Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Desiana Radithia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Aulya Setyo Pratiwi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Riyan Iman Marsetyo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Clinical Study of Oral Mucosal Lesions in the Elderly-Prevalence and Distribution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052853. [PMID: 35270543 PMCID: PMC8910280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and distribution of oral mucosa lesions in elderly patients attending an outpatient oral pathology clinic. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 2747 patients' medical files was performed. Of these, 1398 (50.6%) belonged to seniors. The mean age was 69.8 ± 7.1, and women were in the majority. RESULTS Among the entire group of patients, the three most common mucosal lesions were: oral lichenoid diseases (OLDs), lingual changes, and small nodules. In the female group, the most common diagnoses were: OLDs, lingual changes, and oral candidiasis; in the male population, the most common diagnoses were: lingual changes, small nodules, and OLDs. Those suffering from OLDs were the youngest patients, and those with focal oral mucosa erosions and ulcerations were the oldest patients. In the groups aged 60-70 and 71-80 years old, the most common diagnoses were OLDs, and in the oldest group (+80 years old), they were lingual lesions. CONCLUSIONS Oral health has an obvious impact on the functional, psychological, and behavioral quality of life. There is a small number of publications concerning the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosa lesions in the senior population of European countries. Our study is filling in that void.
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Neelamana SK, Janakiram C, Varma B. Oral health status and related quality of life among elderly tribes in India. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:5976-5981. [PMID: 33681029 PMCID: PMC7928083 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1240_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health reflects overall well-being for the elderly population. In elderly people, oral health contributes significantly towards quality of life (QOL). Good health is essential for older people to remain independent and to play a part in family and community life. Epidemiological data on health and its related issues are very important in order to plan for future health care provision. OBJECTIVES To assess the oral health status,treatment needs and oral health related quality of life using GOHAI indexin elderly patients in Kalpetta. METHODOLOGY A cross sectional study was conducted in the elderly patients reporting to the OPD of Amritakripa Hospital, Kalpetta. Oral Health status was assessed by structured proforma and WHO oral health assessment form 2013 which included DMFT score, Periodontal status, Oral Mucosal lesions, Treatment needs etc. Oral health related quality of life was assessed by Geriatric oral health assessment index. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and descriptive status were obtained. RESULTS The sample consisted of 214 females and 66 males.70.7% of of participants were illiterate. 96.4% of the population(270)were having daily wage <500. 59.3% of population were unaware about oral health problems. Emergency treatment was need in 41.4% of population. On assessing oral health related quality of life, Male population found to have GOHAI score of 26.44 and that for the female population, it was 19.72.GOHAI score was compared for prosthetic status and age also. Considering the psychological parameters, suggest that this group of elderly in Kerala does not regard poor oral health as barriers to social interactions. CONCLUSION The oral disease burden is very high in tribes. The prevalence of the tobacco habits is of concern. Education and motivation of these laity is needed to improve their oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya K Neelamana
- Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekhar Janakiram
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Edapally, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Beena Varma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Edapally, Kochi, Kerala, India
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