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Gautam B, Pandi A, Girija ASS, Arumugam P, Priyadharsini VJ. Genetic Association of Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Gene Polymorphism (rs4986790) With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC): A Pilot Case-Control Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e56021. [PMID: 38606218 PMCID: PMC11007480 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly prevalent and most common form of oral malignancy in the Indian population. Toll-like receptors belong to an important family of receptors that are involved in the process of pathogen recognition and mounting immune response. The expression of this receptor is dysregulated on the tumor cells as reported across several cancer types. The genetic variants in this gene could have a profound impact on the expression of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene. Objective This study aimed to understand the association of TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) with OSCC. The objective of this study was to compare the allele and genotype frequencies between the two groups, viz., OSCC and normal healthy subjects, recruited in the study. Materials and methods The blood samples were collected from normal healthy subjects (N = 25) and OSCC patients (N = 25). Genomic DNA was isolated from all samples, and genotyping was performed for the TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) employing the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) approach. The frequency distribution of genotypes and alleles across the study groups was determined by the Chi-square test. Results The allele frequency for TLR4 gene polymorphism (rs4986790) in the case group was found to be 60% (A allele) and 40% (G allele), respectively. The study population in both groups were found to agree with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The genotype frequency did not differ significantly among the two study groups which was evident from the p-value = 0.8285. Conclusion The present study did not report any significant association of the TLR4 polymorphic marker rs4986790 with OSCC. Further investigations into the association of other polymorphic markers in the TLR4 gene, among the larger population of OSCC patients, could provide evidence of their association with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britina Gautam
- Department of Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Anitha Pandi
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - A S Smiline Girija
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Paramasivam Arumugam
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vijayashree J Priyadharsini
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Poothakulath Krishnan R, Pandiar D, Ramani P, Jayaraman S, Subramanian R. Comparison of Clinico-Demographic and Histological Parameters Between Young and Old Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 2023; 15:e48137. [PMID: 38046721 PMCID: PMC10693383 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among the epithelial malignancies of the head and neck region, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arising from the oral mucosa is the commonest type. OSCC is common in the older population; however, recent epidemiological data indicate an increase in the incidence in the younger age group. The present study was designed to compare the clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC between young and old South Indian patients. METHODS All the histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC were retrieved from the department archives. Patients aged more than 40 years were considered Group I, and patients aged less than or equal to 40 were considered Group II. Age, gender, laterality, site, degree of keratinization, nuclear pleomorphism, pattern of invasion, lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, grade, tumor budding (TB), and tumor stroma ratio (TSR) were assessed. RESULTS Among 510 patients reported with OSCC, 442 were aged above 40 years, and 68 were aged 40 years or younger. Nuclear pleomorphism, TB, and stroma-rich ratio were statistically higher in younger OSCC patients (p=0.00). CONCLUSION The results of our study support the fact that OSCC in younger individuals is more aggressive. Targeting TB and tumor stroma could provide new strategies for the management of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Deepak Pandiar
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Raghunandhakumar Subramanian
- Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Amrati FEZ, Elmadbouh OHM, Chebaibi M, Soufi B, Conte R, Slighoua M, Saleh A, Al Kamaly O, Drioiche A, Zair T, Edderkaoui M, Bousta D. Evaluation of the toxicity of Caralluma europaea ( C.E) extracts and their effects on apoptosis and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:8517-8534. [PMID: 36271642 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2135595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a disease with no effective treatment. Chemo-resistance contributes to the dismal prognosis for patients diagnosed with the disease. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity and the effect of Caralluma europaea (C.E) extracts on cancer cell survival, apoptosis, chemo-resistance, and pro-cancer pathways, in pancreatic cancer. The acute and subacute toxicities of C.E extracts were evaluated. The cytotoxic effect on pancreatic cancer cell survival and apoptosis was determined by MTT assay and DNA fragmentation. The expression of cancer stemness markers was measured using Western blot. A molecular docking was used to test the possible effects of C.E compounds in inhibiting the Hedgehog and activating caspase-3. The hydroethanolic extract's DL50 was over 5000 mg/kg. During the subacute toxicity, only saponins extract showed some hepatic toxicity signs. Cells treated with C.E extracts combined with gemcitabine revealed an additive anti-survival activity. C.E extracts sensitized resistant MIA-PaCa-2 to gemcitabine treatment. Most of the C.E extracts downregulated the expression of cancer stemness-associated genes. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside presented the highest docking Gscore on human Smoothened. Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside induced apoptosis via activation of caspase-3. C.E extracts can be considered safe in inhibiting pancreatic cancer cell survival, inducing apoptosis, and sensitizing cells to chemotherapy via Hedgehog inhibition and caspase-3 activation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Ez-Zahra Amrati
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Health, Agrofood and Environment (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Omer Hany Miligy Elmadbouh
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Chebaibi
- Biomedical and Translational Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Badr Soufi
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raffaele Conte
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)-CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Meryem Slighoua
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Health, Agrofood and Environment (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aziz Drioiche
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources. Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Touria Zair
- Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Natural Resources. Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalila Bousta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Health, Agrofood and Environment (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Wei F, Wang J, Luo L, Tayyab Rashid M, Zeng L. The perception and influencing factors of astringency, and health-promoting effects associated with phytochemicals: A comprehensive review. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112994. [PMID: 37316067 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Astringency as the complex sensory of drying or shrinking can be perceived from natural foods, including abundant phenolic compounds. Up to now, there have been two possible astringency perception mechanisms of phenolic compounds. The first possible mechanism involved chemosensors and mechanosensors and took salivary binding proteins as the premise. Although piecemeal reports about chemosensors, friction mechanosensor's perception mechanisms were absent. There might be another perception way because a part of astringent phenolic compounds also triggered astringency although they could not bind with salivary proteins, however, the specific mechanism was unclear. Structures caused the differences in astringency perception mechanisms and intensities. Except for structures, other influencing factors also changed astringency perception intensity and aimed to decrease it, which probably ignored the health-promoting effects of phenolic compounds. Therefore, we roundly summarized the chemosensor's perception processes of the first mechanism. Meanwhile, we speculated that friction mechanosensor's probably activated Piezo2 ion channel on cell membranes. Phenolic compounds directly binds with oral epithelial cells, activating Piezo2 ion channel probably the another astringency perception mechanism. Except for structure, the increase of pH values, ethanol concentrations, and viscosity not only lowered astringency perception but were beneficial to improve the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of astringent phenolic compounds, which contributed to stronger antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiaging and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wei
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tea Research Institute of Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyong Luo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Tea Research Institute, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Rashid
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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Gheena S, Ezhilarasan D, Shree Harini K, Rajeshkumar S. Syringic acid and silymarin concurrent administration inhibits sodium valproate-induced liver injury in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2143-2152. [PMID: 35543257 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sodium valproate (SV) is a well-known anti-epileptic drug, also used to control convulsions, bipolar disorders and migraines. SV has been shown to induce liver toxicity in clinical subjects. Syringic acid (SA), a natural polyphenolic compound has potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and several beneficial effects. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated hepatoprotective effect of SA against SV-induced liver injury in rats. Wistar rats were treated with SV orally at a dose of 500 mg/kg, once daily, for 14 days. Another three groups of rats were administered with SV and concurrently treated with SA (40 and 80 mg/kg) and silymarin (SIL) (100 mg/kg) for 14 days. SV administration for 14 days caused significant (p < .001) elevation of liver transaminases and ALP in serum. Liver MDA level was significantly (p < .001) increased with a concomitant decrease (p < .001) in enzymic antioxidants activities in SV administered rats. SV administration also caused the upregulation of proinflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor α, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, cyclooxygenase-2 and Interleukin 6 expressions in liver tissue. Histopathological studies also revealed the presence of inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatocellular necrosis upon SV administration. At both doses, concurrent administration of SA and SIL significantly (p < .001) inhibited the liver transaminase activities in serum, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory markers expression in liver tissue. Our current results suggest that SA can be a promising herbal drug that can inhibit SV-induced hepatotoxicity when administered together due its potential anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumaran Gheena
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Shree Harini
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugam Rajeshkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rodríguez-Rico D, Sáenz-Esqueda MDLÁ, Meza-Velázquez JA, Martínez-García JJ, Quezada-Rivera JJ, Umaña MM, Minjares-Fuentes R. High-Intensity Ultrasound Processing Enhances the Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity and Microbiological Quality of Melon ( Cucumis melo) Juice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172648. [PMID: 36076833 PMCID: PMC9455593 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and microbiological quality of melon juice processed by high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) were studied. Melon juice was processed at two ultrasound intensities (27 and 52 W/cm2) for two different processing times (10 and 30 min) using two duty cycles (30 and 75%). Unprocessed juice was taken as a control. Total carotenoids and total phenolic compounds (TPC) were the bioactive compounds analyzed while the antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The microbiological quality was tested by counting the aerobic and coliforms count as well as molds and yeasts. Total carotenoids increased by up to 42% while TPC decreased by 33% as a consequence of HIUS processing regarding control juice (carotenoids: 23 μg/g, TPC: 1.1 mg GAE/g), gallic acid and syringic acid being the only phenolic compounds identified. The antioxidant capacity of melon juice was enhanced by HIUS, achieving values of 45% and 20% of DPPH and ABTS inhibition, respectively, while >120 mg TE/100 g was determined by FRAP assay. Further, the microbial load of melon juice was significantly reduced by HIUS processing, coliforms and molds being the most sensitive. Thus, the HIUS could be an excellent alternative supportive the deep-processing of melon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rodríguez-Rico
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico
| | | | | | - Juan José Martínez-García
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico
| | | | - Mónica M. Umaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rafael Minjares-Fuentes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Pei J, Velu P, Zareian M, Feng Z, Vijayalakshmi A. Effects of Syringic Acid on Apoptosis, Inflammation, and AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer Cells. Front Nutr 2022; 8:788929. [PMID: 34970579 PMCID: PMC8712439 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.788929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancer and deadly disease worldwide. Despite substantial advances made in the treatment of gastric cancer, existing therapies still encounter bottlenecks. Chemotherapy, for instance, could lead to serious side effects, high drug resistance and treatment failure. Phytochemical-derived compounds from plants offer novel strategies as potent drug molecules in cancer therapy. Given the low toxicity and higher tolerance rate of naturally occurring compounds, the present study evaluated the effects of syringic acid on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses in gastric cancer cell line (AGS). AGS cells were treated with various concentrations (5-40 μg/mL) of syringic acid for 24 h, after which cytotoxicity was analyzed. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), antioxidant enzyme activities, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, Δψ m), cell morphologies, the expression of apoptotic markers and protein expression patterns were also investigated. Results indicated that syringic acid-treated cells developed anti-cancer activities by losing MMP, cell viability, and enhancing intracellular ROS. Syringic acid selectively developed apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner via enhanced regulation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and Poly ADP-ribose Polymerase (PARP) whereas decreasing the expression levels of p53 and BCL-2. Syringic acid also lowered activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) whereas Thio Barbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) increased. Syringic acid suppressed gastric cancer cell proliferation, inflammation, and induced apoptosis by upregulating mTOR via AKT signaling pathway. The study suggests syringic acid may constitute a promising chemotherapeutic candidate for gastric cancer treatment. Our study is the first report on the anti-cancer effects of syringic acid against gastric cancer cells via apoptosis, inhibition of inflammation, and the suppression of the mTOR/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Pei
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Periyannan Velu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Mohsen Zareian
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Zili Feng
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Annamalai Vijayalakshmi
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
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Vigneshwaran R, Ezhilarasan D, Rajeshkumar S. Inorganic titanium dioxide nanoparticles induces cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ezhilarasan D, Ali D, Varghese R. Sesamol induces cytotoxicity via mitochondrial apoptosis in SCC-25 cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S423-S433. [PMID: 34586880 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211047926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sesamol is the main constituent of sesame seed oil and is obtained from Sesamum indicum. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common neoplasms affecting the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of sesamol on human oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25) cells. Human oral squamous carcinoma cells were treated with different concentrations (62.5, 125, and 250 μM/mL) of sesamol for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by 3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazol -2- yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression was investigated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. Apoptosis-related morphology was analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Caspase-9 expression was analyzed by confocal microscopic double immunofluorescence staining. Mitochondrial apoptosis-related markers are analyzed using qPCR. Sesamol treatment caused a significant cytotoxic effect in OSCC cells. Sesamol-induced cytotoxic effect was associated with intracellular ROS generation. Sesamol treatments induced a significant increase in the early and late apoptotic cells. This treatment also induced caspase-9 expression in OSCC cells. Sesamol treatments caused downregulation of Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) expression at protein and gene levels. Sesamol treatment modulates intrinsic apoptotic marker gene expression in OSCC cells. Overall results confirm the anti-cancer potential of sesamol and it seems to be a promising candidate for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Blue Laboratory, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Division, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 194347Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - D Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Varghese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, 37442University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Jiao B, Tang Y, Liu S, Guo C. Tetrandrine attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats via NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2 pathway inhibition. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1018. [PMID: 32953818 PMCID: PMC7475456 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an important cause of respiratory illness in preterm newborns that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Hyperoxia is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of BPD, hyperoxia-induced lung injury model has similar pathological manifestations as human BPD. Tetrandrine (Tet) is known to suppress oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. Thus it has been used to prevent organ injuries. However, the protective effect of Tet against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats has not been reported. Methods A hyperoxia-induced lung injury model was established using newborn rats exposed to high O2 levels. The models were treated with various concentrations of Tet, and a lung function test was conducted. Then, the lung tissues and blood were collected to detect the effect of Tet on cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and fibrosis. The effect of Tet on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) pathways was also determined. Results Lung function was decreased in hyperoxia-induced rats, and Tet could reverse this inhibiting effect. For oxidative stress, Tet caused an increase in the levels of antioxidant enzymes. The apoptosis rate and apoptosis-related proteins were decreased in hyperoxia-induced rats after Tet treatment. Additionally, Tet treatment could reduce inflammatory factor levels, while increasing CD4+IFN-γ+ T cell levels and decreasing CD4+IL-4+ T cell levels. Tet treatment was also able to inhibit the expression of fibrosis-related markers and NF-κB and ERK1/2 pathways. Conclusions Tet demonstrated potent activity against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in newborn rats through NF-κB and ERK1/2 pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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