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Kaufmann J, Haist M, Kur IM, Zimmer S, Hagemann J, Matthias C, Grabbe S, Schmidberger H, Weigert A, Mayer A. Tumor-stroma contact ratio - a novel predictive factor for tumor response to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102019. [PMID: 38833784 PMCID: PMC11190748 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The growth pattern of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) varies from compact tumor cell aggregates to diffusely infiltrating tumor cell-clusters. The influence of the growth pattern on local tumor control and survival has been studied mainly for surgically treated oral cavity carcinomas on a visual basis. In this study, we used multiplex immunofluorescence staining (mIF) to examine the antigens pan-cytokeratin, p16INK4a, Ki67, CD271, PD-L1, and CD8 in pretherapeutic biopsies from 86 OPSCC. We introduce Tumor-stroma contact ratio (TSC), a novel parameter, to quantify the relationship between tumor cells in contact with the stromal surface and the total number of epithelial tumor cells. mIF tumor cores were analyzed at the single-cell level, and tumor-stromal contact area was quantified using the R package "Spatstat". TSC was correlated with the visually assessed invasion pattern by two independent investigators. Furthermore, TSC was analyzed in relation to clinical parameters and patient survival data to evaluate its potential prognostic significance. Higher TSC correlated with poor response to (chemo-)radiotherapy (r = 0.3, p < 0.01), and shorter overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival (median OS: 13 vs 136 months, p < 0.0001; median PFS: 5 vs 85 months, p < 0.0001). Visual categorization of growth pattern according to established criteria of tumor aggressiveness showed interobserver variability increasing with more nuanced categories (2 categories: k = 0.7, 95 %-CI: 0.55 - 0.85; 4 categories k = 0.48, 95 %-CI: 0.35 - 0.61). In conclusion, TSC is an objective and reproducible computer-based parameter to quantify tumor-stroma contact area. We demonstrate its relevance for the response of oropharyngeal carcinomas to primary (chemo-)radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Kaufmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Haist
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ivan-Maximiliano Kur
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Zimmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Hagemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Christoph Matthias
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Arnulf Mayer
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz 55131, Germany; Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
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Dos Santos A, Lamego ÉC, Eisenhardt LM, de Vargas I, Flores MM, Fighera RA, Kommers GD. Prevalence and anatomopathological characterization of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas with regional and distant metastases in dogs and cats: 20 cases (1985-2020). Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:291-301. [PMID: 36806427 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of regional and distant metastases from cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in dogs (n = 11) and cats (n = 9) in a retrospective case series over 36 years (1985-2020), as well as to characterize its macroscopic aspects (location and size), degree of differentiation (well, moderately and poorly differentiated [WD, MD and PD, respectively]) and the rate of cell proliferation, by counting the AgNORs. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to identify patterns of tumour migration and invasion (islands, ribbons, cords, small aggregates, individual cells [fusiform and amoeboid]) and to evaluate the intensity of desmoplasia and the amount of myofibroblasts. The prevalence of metastatic SCCs was 4.39% (21/478), being 3.8% in dog (12/309) and 5.3% in cat (9/169). Metastases affected lymph nodes in all dogs and 66% (6/9) of cats, and less frequently distant organs. Primary tumours predominantly affected the abdominal skin in dogs and the nasal planum in cats. Among the 20 cases, 52% were MDs, 34% were WDs, and 14% were PDs. Histological lesions suggestive of exposure to chronic solar radiation were present in 57% (8/14). The main patterns of tumour migration and invasion were islands for WD SCCs and individual cells for PD SCCs. MD SCCs had a mix of patterns. In cats, individual spindle cells were restricted to PDs. A marked desmoplastic reaction was more associated with PD SCCs and often with MDs. This study highlights that the prevalence of SCC metastases in dogs and cats is predominantly regional. The IHC was essential in the identification of individual fusiform keratinocytes, whose presence in surgical margins may represent a greater risk of recurrence. Although the presence of myofibroblasts was observed in all infiltrative and metastatic tumours, further studies evaluating these cells may be important to better understand their role in the tumour microenvironment of cutaneous SCCs with metastasis in dogs and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Éryca Ceolin Lamego
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luíza Müller Eisenhardt
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Indianara de Vargas
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mariana Martins Flores
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rafael Almeida Fighera
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Glaucia D Kommers
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Tamgadge S, Chandni S, Tamgadge A, Pereira T, Mahajan M, Kumar S, Jadhav A. Tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Special stains and scanning electron microscopic study. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_19_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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