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Keim-del Pino C, Ramos-García P, González-Moles MÁ. A Molecular Hypothesis on Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cancer Hallmarks Expression in This Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2614. [PMID: 39123342 PMCID: PMC11311016 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze, through a systematic review and meta-analysis, the current evidence on the differential expression of the hallmarks of cancer in oral lichen planus (OLP) samples, in order to know the earliest molecular mechanisms that could be involved in the malignant transformation of this oral potentially malignant disorder. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published before November 2023. We evaluated the methodological quality of studies and carried out meta-analyses to fulfill our objectives. Inclusion criteria were met by 110 primary-level studies, with 7065 OLP samples, in which the expression of 104 biomarkers were analyzed through immunohistochemistry. Most OLP samples showed sustained cell proliferation signaling (65.48%, 95%CI = 51.87-78.02), anti-apoptotic pathways (55.93%, 95%CI = 35.99-75.0), genome instability (48.44%, 95%CI = 13.54-84.19), and tumor-promoting inflammation events (83.10%, 95%CI = 73.93-90.74). Concurrently, OLP samples also harbored tumor growth suppressor mechanisms (64.00%, 95%CI = 53.27-74.12). In conclusion, current evidence indicates that molecular mechanisms promoting hyperproliferative signaling, an antiapoptotic state with genomic instability, and an escape of epithelial cells from immune destruction, are developed in LP-affected oral mucosa. It is plausible that these events are due to the actions exerted by the chronic inflammatory infiltrate. Malignant transformation appears to be prevented by tumor suppressor genes, which showed consistent upregulation in OLP samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Biohealth Research Institute (Ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
- Biohealth Research Institute (Ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
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Li T, Jia Y, Fu J, Fu Z, Qiao Z, Liu X, Lv T, Tang R, Yang G. P53-induced GAP-43 Upregulation in Primary Cortical Neurons of Rats. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:229-235. [PMID: 38288820 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665263864231221071712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we employed an in vitro culturing technique to investigate the impact of p53 on the modulation of growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) within the primary cortical neurons of rat specimens. METHODS (1) Within the first 24 hours after birth, the bilateral cortex was extracted from newborn Wistar rats and primary cortical neurons were cultured and identified. (2) The changes in the mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43 induced by p53 in rat primary cortical neurons cultured in vitro were identified utilizing real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot techniques. RESULTS (1) Lentiviral transfection of p53 within primary cortical neurons of rats elicited elevated levels of both mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43, consequently culminating in a noteworthy augmentation of p53 expression. (2) The introduction of a p53 inhibitor in rat primary cortical neurons resulted in a reduction in both mRNA and protein expressions of GAP-43. CONCLUSION Within primary rat cortical neurons, p53 has the potential to prompt an augmentation in both the transcriptional and protein expression levels of the GAP-43 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxia Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Yuexin Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Junxian Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Zhuo Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Zhidong Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Ting Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Guanglu Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
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Chandrasekar M, Divya B, Gunasekaran N, Vasanthi V, Kumar HN, Rajkumar K. CD44 Expression in Oral Lichen Planus and Related Lesions-An Immunohistochemical Study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:624-629. [PMID: 37727567 PMCID: PMC10506819 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_702_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a cell surface adhesion protein involved in the progression and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The current study aims to evaluate the expression of CD44 in oral lichen planus and related lesions and thereby assess the relative risk of malignant transformation of these lesions. Materials and Methods Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 10 oral lichen planus (Group 1), 10 oral lichenoid lesions (Group 2), 8 with oral lichen planus with dysplasia (Group 3), and 5 with lichenoid dysplasia (Group 4) were included in the study. Immunostaining was done for the tissue sections using CD44 mouse monoclonal antibody. Staining density, staining intensity, and immunoreactive scores of CD44 were evaluated in all four groups. Statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® software and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. Results CD44 staining pattern of lichenoid dysplasia and lichen planus with dysplasia changed from membranous to cytoplasmic. The membranous CD44 immunoreactivity was mild with a score of 2.25 for Group 3 and 1.6 for Group 4 whereas moderate for other groups with a P-value of 0.009. The cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was significantly high in Group 3 (5.3 ± 2.6) followed by Group 4 (3.2 ± 1.2), Group 2 (1 ± 1.8), and Group 1 (0.7 ± 1.3) with a P-value of 0.001. Conclusion The CD44 membranous immunoreactivity scores were low while the cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was high in oral lichen planus with dysplasia and oral lichenoid dysplasia when compared to oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions. CD44 immunostaining pattern can help in assessing the malignant transformation of oral lichen planus or lichenoid lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthulakshmi Chandrasekar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bose Divya
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nandhini Gunasekaran
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Vasanthi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H Nanda Kumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnan Rajkumar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bazarnyi VV, Kopenkin MA, Polushina LG, Maximova AY, Sementsova EA, Mandra YV. Significance of salivary poly (ADP-ribose)-polymerase in the assessment of age-dependent pathological processes in the oral cavity. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:125-132. [PMID: 37132494 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236902125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Age-related changes in the oral cavity are accompanied by the development of age-related pathology, such as chronic periodontitis (CP). Although apoptosis plays a certain role in its pathogenesis, this fact, however, has not been evaluated clinically, and the diagnostic information content of biomarkers of apoptosis and aging has not been determined. The aim of the study was to evaluate the content of cleaved poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (cPARP) and caspase-3 (Casp3) in mixed saliva of elderly patients with age-related dental diseases and in mature patients with mild to moderate CP. The study included 69 people. The control group included 22 healthy young volunteers aged 18 to 44 years. The main group included 22 elderly patients aged 60 to 74 years. They were divided into subgroups according to clinical manifestations: occlusion (comparison group), periodontal, and dystrophic syndromes. Additionally, a group of 25 patients of mature age from 45 to 59 years old with mild to moderate CP was analyzed. The content of salivary Casp3 in patients with occlusion syndrome was lower than in healthy young people (p=0.014). In patients with the periodontal syndrome, the content of cPARP was higher than in the comparison group (p=0.031). The group with dystrophic syndrome had the highest level of Casp3 in comparison with the control group and the comparison group (p=0.012, p=0.004, respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between patients of different age groups with mild to moderate CP. Evaluation of the correlation between cPARP and Casp3 levels revealed a direct relationship in the group of elderly patients and in patients with mild CP (r=0.69, r=0.81, respectively). We assessed the effect of Casp3 levels on changes in the cPARP levels by means of a simple linear regression analysis. The cPARP level correlated with the content of Casp3 (r²=0.555). According to the results of the ROC analysis, it was found that using the cPARP indicator it would be possible to distinguish between groups of elderly patients with periodontal and occlusion syndromes (AUC=0.71), while using Casp3 it would be possible to distinguish patients with the occlusion syndrome and the control group (AUC=0.78). Since the level of Casp3 in young people is significantly higher than in the elderly patients, its decrease can be considered as a potential salivary biomarker of aging. The level of studied cPARP in the elderly has clinical value in periodontal syndrome and low age dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Bazarnyi
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - M A Kopenkin
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - L G Polushina
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - A Yu Maximova
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | | | - Yu V Mandra
- Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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Khan AS, Ahmad S, Ullah Z, Sadiq N, Haq M, Sheikh AK. Predictive value of tissue p53 protein expression and serum p53 antibodies in oral potentially malignant disorders: Relative to oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 17:415-423. [PMID: 35722241 PMCID: PMC9170774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess and report the predictive value of tissue p53 protein expression and serum p53 antibodies as a screening tool for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) cases with risk of malignant transformation. Methods A case–control study was jointly conducted at the Department of Pathology and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in several dental institutes in the country from April 2016 to March 2017. A total of 180 eligible subjects (60 cases of OPMDs, 60 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and 60 controls) were included in the study. Tissue p53 immunoreactivity was determined by immunohistochemistry, and serum concentrations of p53 antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Specimens were collected for laboratory investigations after obtaining written consent from both patients and controls. Results Among the study participants, the recorded male to female ratio was close to 2:1, and most participants fell in the age range of 41–60 years and above. Of the 60 cases of OPMDs, the observed tissue p53 immunopositivity was 73.3% (n = 44) while for the p53 antibody, the seropositivity was 96.7% (n = 58). The sensitivity for p53 immunoreactivity was 73%, and specificity was 98.3% between OPMDs and healthy individuals. Conclusion The present study provides evidence (for OPMDs) that serum p53 antibodies and p53 immunoreactivity could be used as a sensitivity test and a specific test, respectively, and may contribute to determining the potential of OPMD for malignant transformation risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas S. Khan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peshawar Dental College, Warsak Road, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Corresponding address: Department of Oral Pathology, Peshawar Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Sadiq
- Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohsina Haq
- Department of Microbiology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmareen K. Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Idrees M, Farah CS, Shearston K, Kujan O. A machine-learning algorithm for the reliable identification of oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:946-953. [PMID: 34358361 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common oral disorder which shares clinical and histopathological features with other lichenoid lesions, leading to considerable inter-observer disagreement. This negatively impacts understanding of the pathogenesis and malignant transformation potential of this condition. METHODS Artificial intelligence was employed to create a machine-learning artificial neural network to identify and quantify mononuclear cells and granulocytes within the inflammatory infiltrates in digitized hematoxylin and eosin microscopic slides. Twenty-four regions of interest were extracted from OLP cases for learning purposes and validated on a retrospective cohort of 130 cases. All cases were related to patients with confirmed diagnoses of OLP, oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs), or oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) with lichenoid host response. RESULTS The number of inflammatory cells was statistically significantly higher in OLP compared to OLLs or OED with lichenoid host response (p < 0.0005). The proposed machine-learning method was reliably capable of detecting OLP cases based on the number of inflammatory cells and the number of mononuclear cells with an area under the curve of 0.982 and 0.988, respectively. Identifying a cut-off point between OLP and other lichenoid conditions based on the number of mononuclear cells showed a sensitivity of 100% and an accuracy of 94.62%. CONCLUSION Artificial intelligence has shown promising outcomes and provides a robust approach to enhance the accuracy of anatomical pathologists in accurately diagnosing OLP using features of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdy Idrees
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Camile S Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Oral, Maxillofacial and Dental Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology, Australian Clinical Labs, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Kate Shearston
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Ghazi N, Khorasanchi M. Markers associated with malignant transformation of oral lichen planus: A review article. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 127:105158. [PMID: 34022545 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the autoimmune diseases associated with chronic inflammation that involves several complications including the potential for malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pathogenesis of OLP are yet to be fully comprehended however, it has been demonstrated that the epithelial cells in OLP lesions are affected by cytotoxic T lymphocytes leading to immunological reactions. Various factors are reported to act as diagnostic markers for predicting and monitoring the cancerous progression. Hence, in this review, we summarize and present the latest studies regarding the predictive markers associated with malignant potential of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Ghazi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam Khorasanchi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lin I, Laronde DM, Zhang L, Rosin MP, Yim I, Rock LD. Basement membrane degeneration is common in lichenoid mucositis with dysplasia. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE : CJDH = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE L'HYGIENE DENTAIRE : JCHD 2021; 55:9-16. [PMID: 33643413 PMCID: PMC7906120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Two subtypes of lichenoid mucositis (LM) with oral epithelial dysplasia have been proposed, with differing risks of malignant transformation. However, no research has been done to authenticate this hypothesis. The study objective was to determine whether there are 2 subcategories within this entity, one with primary lichenoid and secondary dysplastic features (L1D2), and the other with primary dysplastic and secondary lichenoid features (D1L2), and to compare the proportion of malignant progression in these groups. Methods Patients with a diagnosis of lichenoid mucositis with low-grade (mild/moderate) oral epithelial dysplasia, no history of head and neck cancer, and who had at least 5 years of follow-up were eligible to participate in this nested case-control study. Cases (n = 10) were defined as lesions that progressed to severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or squamous cell carcinoma; controls (n = 32) were defined as those that did not progress. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess for basement membrane (BM) degeneration using collagen IV-an integral BM protein. Results Lesions that progressed to cancer exhibited a similar proportion of BM degeneration at baseline (70%) compared to non-progressors (78%), with no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.69). Conclusion BM degeneration is frequently seen in LM with dysplasia and alone does not appear to be a predictor of malignant progression in lesions with both lichenoid and low-grade dysplastic features. Dysplasia should not be discounted in the presence of LM. Lesions that display any degree of dysplasia warrant clinical follow-up and continued monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lin
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Oral Cancer Prevention Program, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Denise M Laronde
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Oral Cancer Prevention Program, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lewei Zhang
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Oral Cancer Prevention Program, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Oral Biopsy Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Miriam P Rosin
- BC Oral Cancer Prevention Program, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Ilena Yim
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Oral Cancer Prevention Program, Cancer Control Research, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leigha D Rock
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Ono J, Okada Y, Kanri Y, Sano H, Hasegawa H. Immunohistochemical Study of Differential Expressions of CAR, E-Cadherin, CK-13, -17, p53 and Ki-67 in Oral Lichen Planus, Lichenoid Lesion and Lichenoid Epithelial Dysplasia. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.30.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Ono
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Yasuo Okada
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Yoriaki Kanri
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Hiroto Sano
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
| | - Hitoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata
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Marie RESM, Abd El‐ Fadeal NM, Atef LM. Expression of survivin and
p53
genes in patients with alopecia areata: A case–control study. Australas J Dermatol 2020; 62:e29-e34. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noha M Abd El‐ Fadeal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal University IsmailiaEgypt
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit Faculty of MedicineSuez Canal University IsmailiaEgypt
| | - Lina M Atef
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology Faculty of Medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt
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Intraepithelial Macrophage Expressing CD163 Is a Histopathological Clue to Evaluate the Malignant Potency of Oral Lichenoid Condition: A Case Report and Immunohistochemical Investigation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090624. [PMID: 32842506 PMCID: PMC7555841 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichenoid conditions (OLC), including oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid lesions and oral lichenoid dysplasia, differ in pathogenesis and biological malignancy. However, distinguishing them based on clinical or histological features is difficult. It is well known that CD163+ macrophages are associated with oral cancer aggressiveness. We recently demonstrated that CD163+ macrophages of noncancerous lesions infiltrate the stroma, not the intraepithelial area. In this report, we describe a case of OLC that was not detected as malignant by the first local biopsy. Furthermore, we evaluated the malignant potency of OLC by retrospectively comparing the histological findings between local biopsy and resected specimens focusing on CD163+ macrophages. A 72-year-old man with a white lesion in the unilateral buccal mucosa was diagnosed with OLP through the biopsy although invasive cancer was detected two years later. Intraepithelial CD163+ macrophages were found not only on the resected specimen but also biopsy. This is the first report to demonstrate that intraepithelial CD163+ macrophages may be noteworthy indicators to identify the malignant potency of OLC.
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Qian H, Jiao L, Fan Z, Wang L, Liu B, Miao G. Analysis of Immunologic Function Changes in Lichen Planus After Clinical Treatment. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8716-8721. [PMID: 30504759 PMCID: PMC6287452 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP) is a common chronic superficial skin lesion that causes chronic or sub-acute inflammatory disorders. LP can affect the oral cavity, skin, mucous membrane, and other body parts, and features include repeat attacks and long duration, leading to lower quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the changes of immunologic function before and after treatment of LP. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty cutaneous LP patients were selected. Peripheral blood was collected in the morning before and after treatment. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by density gradient method. Flow cytometry was used to detect T cell subpopulation CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T to calculate CD4⁺ T/CD8⁺ T ratio. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to detect the helper T-cell (Th) factor IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22 levels. RESULTS Compared with before treatment, the expressions of CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells were decreased, while the proportion of CD4⁺ T/CD8⁺ T were significantly elevated after treatment. IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion were markedly increased, whereas IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22 were significantly reduced after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS LP treatment reduces the distribution of CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells, and promotes the changes of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines secretion.
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