1
|
Hussine AA, Selim K, Shaker O, Kamal Y. Evaluation of the levels of salivary paxillin in oral potentially malignant disorders and malignant lesions. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:834. [PMID: 39048985 PMCID: PMC11267892 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04569-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific community has been particularly interested in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) because of the cancer's extremely high incidence and fatality rates worldwide. It has been proposed that paxillin is involved in certain malignancies as an oncogene. Additionally, several investigations have assessed paxillin expression and investigated its function in developing distinct human carcinomas, including squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, it was discovered that there is a strong link between paxillin levels and cancer progression and spread. OBJECTIVE This investigation was carried out to analyze and compare the salivary paxillin levels between oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), OSCC and the healthy controls to assess its potential role as a biomarker of oral cancer aiming for early diagnosis and better prognosis of OSCC. METHODS Forty-five patients, ranging in age from thirty to seventy-five, were divided into three groups: fifteen patients with OPMDs, fifteen patients with OSCC, and fifteen controls. Paxillin was identified in saliva samples by using an ELISA kit. RESULTS Patients with OSCC and OPMDs have considerably greater salivary Paxillin levels than the healthy control group. The receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used in our study to distinguish patients with OPMDs from those with OSCC. The ROC curve constructed with the OPMDs group as the positives had lower sensitivity and area under the curve (AUC) values [100% and 1] than the ROC curve with the malignant group as the positives [93.3% and 0.997], respectively. Furthermore, ROC analysis performed between OPMDs group and the malignant group showed a specificity of 73.3% and a cut-off value ≥ 7.9 . CONCLUSION Paxillin can be considered a reliable biomarker for identifying and comparing OPMDs and OSCC cancerous changes. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER NCT06154551- 4/12/2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Hussine
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Selim
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Shaker
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Kamal
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Andisheh-Tadbir A, Shid-Moosavi TS, Gharibpour F, Arabizadeh S. Evaluation of Paxillin Expression in Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (SHIRAZ, IRAN) 2024; 25:125-131. [PMID: 38962075 PMCID: PMC11217059 DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2023.98174.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Statement of the Problem Paxillin (PXN) is one of the proteins involved in cell adhesion. PXN and integrins constitute a key site for the focal adhesion between the cell and extracellular matrix. Several studies have shown that PXN is a factor in tumor formation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Purpose This study evaluated PXN expression in four types of odontogenic lesions with different aggressive behaviors. Materials and Method In this retrospective cross-sectional study, PXN expression was immunohistochemically assessed in 68 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with the confirmed diagnosis of four types of odontogenic lesions, including 14 dentigerous cysts (DC), 20 odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), 16 unicystic ameloblastoma, and 18 solid ameloblastoma. The PXN expression in these samples were scored based on the percentage and intensity of immunoreactivity, and compared among the groups by Chi-square test. Results The PXN marker was detected in the cytoplasm of tumor cells (unicystic and solid ameloblastoma) and the epithelial layer of cysts (DC and OKC). The intensively stained marker of PXN was observed in 9 cases (64.3%) of the DC, 14 cases (70%) of OKC, 12 cases (75%) of unicystic ameloblastoma, and 13 cases (72.2%) of solid ameloblastoma. However, there was not statistical difference of PXN protein expression between DC and OKC (p Value = 0.51) and unicystic and solid ameloblastoma (p = 0.58), also the same was true for cysts and tumors (p = 0.37). Conclusion The expression of PXN is not related to the biological behaviors of odontogenic lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Andisheh-Tadbir
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tina Sadat Shid-Moosavi
- Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fateme Gharibpour
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Dept. of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh A, Astekar MS, Sapra G, Agarwal A, Murari A. Immunohistochemical expression of paxillin in ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst: An observational study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:727-734. [PMID: 38304525 PMCID: PMC10829436 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_312_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are found on the surface of all cells, where they allow dynamic processes to take place. These include cadherins, integrins, selectins and Immunoglobulin superfamily. Directly associated with β-integrin tails is a multidomain protein known as paxillin. However, CAMs participate in cell-cell and extracellular matrix-cell interactions during histomorphogenesis in the various phases of odontogenesis. Some tumours or cysts like ameloblastoma (AB) or odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) having odontogenic origin show disturbance in the interaction of these CAMs. Hence, the assessment of paxillin expression in AB and OKC was carried out. Materials and Methods The present observational study comprised 30 clinically and histologically confirmed cases of AB and OKC. All the slides were stained immunohistochemically using a paxillin antibody. Results Upon comparison of staining intensity of paxillin among AB and OKC showed statistically significant result, whereas quantitative staining and final summation showed non-significant result. Gender-wise comparison of paxillin staining intensity, quantitative staining and final summation among OKC showed significant result; however, in AB, staining intensity showed non-significant result, whereas quantitative staining and final summation showed significant result. Conclusion Paxillin has the greatest influence on tissue morphogenesis and development. The regulation of cell mobility is aided by the multiple roles that paxillin plays in a range of cells and tissues. However, further studies using a large sample size, along with other molecular analytical methods, may be essential to draw a definite conclusion about the association of paxillin and its exact function in OKC and AB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Singh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhusudan S. Astekar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Sapra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditi Murari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aghili SS, Zare R, Jahangirnia A. Evaluation of Paxillin Expression in Epithelial Dysplasia, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Lichen Planus with and without Dysplasia, and Hyperkeratosis: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2476. [PMID: 37568839 PMCID: PMC10417688 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paxillin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in the pathogenesis of several types of cancers. However, the roles of paxillin in epithelial dysplasia (ED), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral lichen planus with dysplasia (OLPD), hyperkeratosis (HK), and oral lichen planus (OLP) have remained unnoticed in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate its attainable functions in the pathogenesis and malignant transformation of potentially malignant oral epithelium and benign lesions. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, paxillin expression was investigated in 99 tissue samples, including 18 cases of OSCC, 21 ED, 23 OLP, 21 OLPD, and 16 cases of HK. The tissue sections also underwent immunohistochemical paxillin staining using 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) chromogen. The intensity, location, and percentage of staining were examined across all groups. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, ANOVA, Pearson chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn's post hoc test. RESULTS The cytoplasmic percentage and intensity staining of Paxillin expression were evident in the central/suprabasal and basal/peripheral layers of all the obtained samples. The final staining score was significantly higher in OSCC and dysplasia compared to HK and OLP (p = 0.004). It was found that paxillin expression is associated with the grade of dysplastic samples (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The present study provides evidence that paxillin may be involved in the pathogenesis of OSCC and the development and progression of dysplastic tissue, since the paxillin expression was higher than that of HK and OLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Aghili
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-53734, Iran;
| | - Razieh Zare
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-53734, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alam S, Astekar MS, Sapra G, Agarwal A, Agarwal AM, Vishnu Rao SG. Immunohistochemical expression of paxillin in potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma patients. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:322-329. [PMID: 36588853 PMCID: PMC9802509 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_187_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell adhesion molecules are essential to maintain the integrity of stratified squamous epithelium but their expression has to be dynamic to aid the mobility and turnover of cells. Paxillin is one such multi-domain protein which integrates numerous signals from cell surface receptors, integrins and growth factors. It thus functions as a regulator of various physiological and pathological processes including tissue remodeling, cell motility, gene expression, matrix organization, cell proliferation, metastasis and survival. Hence, the assessment of paxillin expression in normal control, potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients was carried out. Material and Methods The present retrospective study comprised of 20 each clinically and histologically confirmed case of normal control, potentially malignant disorders, and oral squamous cell carcinomas. All the slides were stained immunohistochemically using Paxillin antibody. Results The localization, staining intensity and percentage of positivity for paxillin expression was statistically significant among normal control and potentially malignant disorders, whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma showed a non-significant difference. Upon comparison of histopathological grading of potentially malignant disorders, mild versus severe and moderate versus severe epithelial dysplasia showed a statistical significant difference among all the parameters of paxillin expression. However, WDSCC & MDSCC a statistically significant difference among localization and staining intensity of paxillin. Conclusion Paxillin may play an important role in pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by altering the adhesive properties of the tumor cells interacting with the extracellular matrix which in turn affects their invasive behavior and histologic differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Alam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhusudan S Astekar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gaurav Sapra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Agarwal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditi Murari Agarwal
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sowmya Gujjar Vishnu Rao
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zaleski M, Kalhor N, Moran CA. Typical and Atypical Carcinoid Tumors of the Mediastinum: A Biomarker Analysis of 27 Cases With Clinical Correlation. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 29:358-367. [PMID: 33243039 DOI: 10.1177/1066896920976845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Thymic typical and atypical carcinoids are rare and appear to be more aggressive than similar tumors in other sites. We retrospectively analyzed a group of biomarkers that hold therapeutic and prognostic utility, in 27 of these tumors. All cases were immunohistochemically stained with PAX5, MET, CRMP5, paxillin, p21, p27, EZH2, PDL-1, and Ki-67, and then H-scored. Clinicopathologic and survival data were statistically analyzed against staining (χ2 test). Five- and 10-year-survival rates were 53% and 18%, respectively. Mitotic counts ≥4 per 2 mm2 and tumor size ≥5 cm, associated with death of disease (DoD; P = .010 and .016). Ki-67 expression ≥1% associated with DoD (P = .003) and death within 5 years (P = .031). Biomarkers stained tumor cases as follows: PDL-1 = 0%, PAX-5 = 0%, MET = 7.4%, paxillin = 41%, CRMP5 = 78%, p21 = 63%, p27 = 63%, EZH2 = 37%, and MASH1 = 59%. Overall ± staining did not associate with survival or grade. Cases with low CRMP5 H-scores (<80) associated with DoD (P = .002), while CRMP5 H-scores >80 associated with 10-year survival (P = .022). Cases with high MASH1 H-score (>100) associated with DoD (P = .021). Accurate grading and staging remain paramount in predicting clinical outcome. Biomarkers may have significance in subsets of patients and the use of these studies likely should be focused on a more personalize type of approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zaleski
- 4002The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neda Kalhor
- 4002The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cesar A Moran
- 4002The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kang Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wen Y, Sun F. MicroRNA-300 suppresses metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5657-5666. [PMID: 30254458 PMCID: PMC6141125 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s173236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral cancer is the sixth most prevalent form of cancer, with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) exhibiting the highest morbidity of all head and neck cancers. However, the specific metastatic mechanism is not yet clear. MicroR-300 (miR-300) has been identified as a critical regulator in tumor development. In this study, we focused on the roles of miR-300 in regulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC. Methods The surgical specimens from cases of OSCC (N=120) were collected, and the miR-300 expression was tested and the results were analyzed for possible correlations with clinical characteristics, and the prognostic significance was assessed by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression in OSCC patients. In addition, the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells were evaluated after transfection of miR-300 mimics or inhibitor. At last, the role of miR-300 in EMT was investigated. Results The results showed that miR-300 levels were significantly lower in patients with OSCC than in controls and miR-300 levels in patients with OSCC were significantly associated with TNM classification. Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that miR-300 with lower level had significantly decreased overall survival and disease-free survival of OSCC patients. In multivariate analysis, TNM stage, miR-300 expression and tobacco usage were the independent prognostic factors for overall survival and disease-free survival in OSCC. Moreover, in vitro experiments showed that miR-300 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells. More importantly, miR-300 could inhibit the EMT process. In addition, we found that ET-1 could inhibit the expression of miR-300. Conclusion Our findings indicated that miR-300 could suppress metastasis of OSCC by inhibiting EMT. The present study indicates that miR-300 is a potential therapeutic agent for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Kang
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China,
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China,
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China,
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China,
| | - Fuli Sun
- Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kang Y, Zhang Y, Sun Y. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a novel prognostic marker for human oral squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1192-1198. [PMID: 30041958 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is considered a pro-tumour factor. However, its clinical relevance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of MIF and its receptor CD74 in OSCC tissues, and to study the function of MIF in OSCC cells. Tissues of 90 patients with OSCC from the School of Stomatology, China Medical University were collected, and immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were performed for MIF and CD74. The possible correlations between MIF and CD74 and clinical characteristics were analysed. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the survival rates of patients. In addition, the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells were evaluated after transfection with siRNA against MIF. MIF and CD74 levels were significantly higher in tissues of patients with OSCC than in control tissues. Moreover, MIF levels in patients with OSCC were significantly associated with cell differentiation and TNM classification. MIF expression was closely related to CD74 expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that OSCC patients with high MIF levels showed reduced overall survival and recurrenc-free survival. Furthermore, MIF expression promoted proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells. Collectively, our results reveal that MIF expression is a significant independent prognostic factor for patients with OSCC and may be a novel prognostic marker for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Kang
- Department of Emergency and Oral medicine, The School of Stomatology, China Medical University & Liaoning Institute of Dental Research & Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Liaoning Province Translational Medicine Research Center of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Oral medicine, The School of Stomatology, China Medical University & Liaoning Institute of Dental Research & Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Liaoning Province Translational Medicine Research Center of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Emergency and Oral medicine, The School of Stomatology, China Medical University & Liaoning Institute of Dental Research & Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Liaoning Province Translational Medicine Research Center of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|