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Raza A, Chohan TA, Buabeid M, Arafa ESA, Chohan TA, Fatima B, Sultana K, Ullah MS, Murtaza G. Deep learning in drug discovery: a futuristic modality to materialize the large datasets for cheminformatics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9177-9192. [PMID: 36305195 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2136244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) development imitates the workings of the human brain to comprehend modern problems. The traditional approaches such as high throughput screening (HTS) and combinatorial chemistry are lengthy and expensive to the pharmaceutical industry as they can only handle a smaller dataset. Deep learning (DL) is a sophisticated AI method that uses a thorough comprehension of particular systems. The pharmaceutical industry is now adopting DL techniques to enhance the research and development process. Multi-oriented algorithms play a crucial role in the processing of QSAR analysis, de novo drug design, ADME evaluation, physicochemical analysis, preclinical development, followed by clinical trial data precision. In this study, we investigated the performance of several algorithms, including deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional neural networks (CNN) and multi-task learning (MTL), with the aim of generating high-quality, interpretable big and diverse databases for drug design and development. Studies have demonstrated that CNN, recurrent neural network and deep belief network are compatible, accurate and effective for the molecular description of pharmacodynamic properties. In Covid-19, existing pharmacological compounds has also been repurposed using DL models. In the absence of the Covid-19 vaccine, remdesivir and oseltamivir have been widely employed to treat severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. In conclusion, the results indicate the potential benefits of employing the DL strategies in the drug discovery process.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Talha Ali Chohan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - El-Shaima A Arafa
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Batool Fatima
- Department of biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Kishwar Sultana
- Department of pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Malik Saad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
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Xu H, Tian G, Wu C, Sun X, Li K. Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Xihuang Pills/capsules in adjuvant treatment of uterine cervical neoplasms. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34846. [PMID: 37653807 PMCID: PMC10470801 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xihuang Pills/Capsules have a longstanding history of utilization in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treating cancer. Nevertheless, a comprehensive investigation is required regarding the specific impacts and safety of Xihuang Pills/Capsules in individuals with uterine cervical neoplasms. Thus, conducting a meta-analysis is essential to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining Xihuang Pills/Capsules with Western medicine in patients with cervical neoplasms. METHODS The research involved searching 5 English and 4 Chinese databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the use of Xihuang Pills/Capsules in conjunction with Western medicine for treating uterine cervical neoplasms. Subsequently, statistical analysis was carried out using Review Manager software (version 5.3). RESULTS This research encompassed 10 RCTs involving 937 patients. The findings revealed that the combination of Xihuang Pills/Capsules with Western medicine treatment led to improvements in various aspects of the patients' condition. Specifically, there was an enhancement in the short-term efficacy rate (risk ratio [RR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.22, P = .0003), Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (mean difference [MD] = 5.90, 95% CI: 0.54-11.26, P = .03), survival rates, CD3+, CD3 + CD4+, CD3 + CD8+, CD3-CD56 + cells, and immunoglobulin M in patients with uterine cervical neoplasms. Moreover, the combination treatment resulted in a reduction of adverse reactions, including gastrointestinal reactions (RR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.42-0.64, P < .00001), radiation proctitis (RR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.33-0.68, P < .0001), myelosuppression (RR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.64, P < .0001), as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) levels. Additionally, the treatment exhibited an inhibitory effect on white blood cells (WBCs) and platelets (PLTs). CONCLUSION The amalgamation of Xihuang Pills/Capsules with conventional anti-tumor therapy proves to be both effective and safe in the treatment of cervical neoplasms. However, further validation through high-quality RCTs is necessary to substantiate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
- Jinan city Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Kejian Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
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Pan L, Han J, Lin M. Targeting breast cancer stem cells directly to treat refractory breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:981247. [PMID: 37251931 PMCID: PMC10213424 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.981247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
For patients with refractory breast cancer (BC), integrative immunotherapies are emerging as a critical component of treatment. However, many patients remain unresponsive to treatment or relapse after a period. Different cells and mediators in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play important roles in the progression of BC, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are deemed the main cause of relapse. Their characteristics depend on their interactions with their microenvironment as well as on the inducing factors and elements in this environment. Strategies to modulate the immune system in the TME of BC that are aimed at reversing the suppressive networks within it and eradicating residual CSCs are, thus, essential for improving the current therapeutic efficacy of BC. This review focuses on the development of immunoresistance in BCs and discusses the strategies that can modulate the immune system and target breast CSCs directly to treat BC including immunotherapy with immune checkpoint blockades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Pan
- Wuhan Center for Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Khan AK, Kaleem S, Pervaiz F, Ali Sherazi ST, Khan SA, Khan FA, Jamshaid T, Umar MI, Hassan W, Ijaz M, Murtaza G. Antibacterial and wound healing potential of electrospun PVA/MMT nanofibers containing root extract of Berberis lycium. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lai X, Wang A. Clinical Study on Prevention of Irinotecan-Induced Delayed-Onset Diarrhea by Hot Ironing with Moxa Salt Packet on Tianshu and Shangjuxu. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:6587884. [PMID: 35912389 PMCID: PMC9334062 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6587884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the clinical efficacy of hot ironing of the Tianshu and Shangjuxu with moxa salt packet to prevent irinotecan (CPT-11)-induced delayed-onset diarrhea (IIDD). Methods A randomized controlled study was conducted on a sample of 120 patients with advanced colorectal cancer who were hospitalized in our oncology department and treated with FOLFIRI chemotherapy regimen from February 2018 to July 2021. They were equally divided into study group (n = 60) and control group (n = 60) according to whether they were treated with hot ironing with moxa salt packs or not. The general conditions, occurrence of IIDD, occurrence of delayed chemotherapy due to IIDD, time of occurrence and duration of IIDD, Karnofsky performance score (KPS) score, occurrence of leukopenia, and myelosuppression were compared between the two groups. Result The incidence of grade 1, 2, 3, and 4 diarrhea in the study group was 11.67% (7/60), 5.00% (3/60), 3.33% (2/60), and 0.00% (0/60), respectively, while the incidence of grade 1, 2, 3, and 4 diarrhea in the control group was 21.67% (13/60), 8.33% (5/60), 10.00% (6/60), and 3.33% (2/60). The incidence of severe diarrhea and total diarrhea in the study group was (3.33% and 20.00%) lower than that in the control group (13.33% and 43.33%) (P < 0.05). The incidence of delayed chemotherapy was lower in the study group (8.33%) (1/12) than in the control group (23.08%) (6/26) but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The time to onset of IIDD in the study group (6.45 ± 1.53) days was comparable to that in the control group (6.40 ± 1.77 days) (P > 0.05), but the duration of IIDD in the study group (3.25 ± 1.05 days) was shorter than that in the control group (5.70 ± 1.72 days) (P < 0.05). After treatment, the incidence of KPS improvement, stabilization, and reduction in the study group was 38.33% (23/60), 51.67% (31/60), and 10.00% (6/60), respectively, the incidence of KPS improvement, stabilization, and reduction in the control group was 23.33% (14/60), 50.00% (30/60), and 26.67% (16/60), respectively, and the percentage of KPS reduction in the study group was less than that in the control group (P < 0.05). During the observation period after treatment, the total incidence of leucopenia in the study group was 11.67% (7/60) which is lower than 31.67% (19/60) in the control group (P < 0.05). During the observation period after treatment, the incidence of III°+°IV myelosuppression in the study group was 5.00% (3/60) which is lower than 25.00% (15/60) in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The hot ironing with moxa salt packet on Tianshu and Shangjuxu was more effective in preventing IIDD, which could reduce the incidence and severity of IIDD, shorten the duration of diarrhea and significantly increase the quality of life of patients with no significant adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Lai
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Anmei Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
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Yang Q, Sun C, Zhao L. Expression and Predictive Value of Serum NLR, PLR Combined with SAA in Patients with Different Stages of Colorectal Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:906074. [PMID: 35693305 PMCID: PMC9174687 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.906074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of death in the world, and has become a serious threat to human life. The prognosis of CRC patients in different pathological stages is quite different, so it is necessary to evaluate the clinical stages of CRC patients before surgery. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), serum amyloid A (SAA) and other indicators have been widely proved to play the role of early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this study, we collected clinical data of 103 patients with CRC confirmed by pathology in Yiwu Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. In addition, it aims to explore the expression and predictive value of NLR, PLR combined with SAA in patients with different stages of CRC, so as to provide reference for patients to choose a reasonable treatment plan. The results show that serum NLR, PLR combined with SAA can predict CRC staging effectively, which has certain auxiliary value for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Yang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Yiwu Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, China
| | - Chengcheng Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yiwu Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yiwu, China
| | - Lisha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, China
- Correspondence: Lisha Zhao
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Liu S, Yang L, Zheng S, Hou A, Man W, Zhang J, Wang S, Wang X, Yu H, Jiang H. A review: the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Cinnamomi cortex. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27461-27497. [PMID: 35480649 PMCID: PMC9037793 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04965h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamomi Cortex (CC) is the dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl. Modern pharmacological research shows that CC can be used to treat diabetes, breast cancer, leukemia and other diseases. It has been used for more than 2000 years in China, mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and Fujian. In this paper, the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and other aspects of CC are summarized. We hope to provide convenience for the further exploration and development of CC. There are more than 300 components isolated from CC including essential oils, polyphenols, diterpenes and sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, polysaccharides and others. Pharmacological studies show that CC has a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, neuroprotection and so on. It shows that CC has great potential to develop into a cheap, low-toxicity and highly-efficient natural therapeutic drug. However, there is still a long way to go for research of CC, although great progress has been made. For instance, clinical practices for CC recorded in traditional medicine books need to be paid more attention. Present achievements are still not enough to clearly explain the mechanism for some diseases. New skeletons and new drugs will be required to be discovered, so that the potential of CC can be brought into full play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Senwang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Ajiao Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Wenjing Man
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Jiaxu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education Harbin 150040 China
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