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Kim M, Lee J, Cai L, Choi H, Oh D, Jawad A, Hyun SH. Neurotrophin-4 promotes the specification of trophectoderm lineage after parthenogenetic activation and enhances porcine early embryonic development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1194596. [PMID: 37519302 PMCID: PMC10373506 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1194596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4), a neurotrophic factor, appears to affect early embryonic development because it is secreted not only by neurons but also by oviductal and uterine epithelial cells. However, no studies have characterized the effects of NT-4 on early embryonic development in pigs. In this study, we applied the experimental model of parthenogenetic-activation (PA)-derived embryos. Herein, we investigated the effect of NT-4 supplementation during the in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos, analyzed the transcription levels of specific genes, and outlined the first cell lineage specification for porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We confirmed that NT-4 and its receptor proteins were localized in both the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) in porcine blastocysts. Across different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL) of NT-4 supplementation, the optimal concentration of NT-4 to improve the developmental competence of porcine parthenotes was 10 ng/mL. NT-4 supplementation during porcine IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased the proportion of TE cells by inducing the transcription of TE lineage markers (CDX2, PPAG3, and GATA3 transcripts). NT-4 also reduced blastocyst apoptosis by regulating the transcription of apoptosis-related genes (BAX and BCL2L1 transcripts) and improved blastocyst quality via the interaction of neurotrophin-, Hippo-yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway. Additionally, NT-4 supplementation during IVC significantly (p < 0.05) increased YAP1 transcript levels and significantly (p < 0.01) decreased LATS2 transcript levels, respectively, in the porcine PA-derived blastocysts. We also confirmed through fluorescence intensity that the YAP1 protein was significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the NT-4-treated blastocysts compared with that in the control. NT-4 also promoted differentiation into the TE lineage rather than into the ICM lineage during porcine early embryonic development. In conclusion, 10 ng/mL NT-4 supplementation enhanced blastocyst quality by regulating the apoptosis- and TE lineage specification-related genes and interacting with neurotrophin-, Hippo-YAP-, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway during porcine in vitro embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirae Kim
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyeong Lee
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Lian Cai
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Choi
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjin Oh
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Jawad
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology (VETEMBIO), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (ISCRM), Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Veterinary Biosecurity and Protection, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Milyutina YP, Arutjunyan AV, Korenevsky AV, Selkov SA, Kogan IY. Neurotrophins: are they involved in immune tolerance in pregnancy? Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 89:e13694. [PMID: 36792972 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, an attempt was made to substantiate the possibility for neurotrophins to be involved in the development of immune tolerance based on data accumulated on neurotrophin content and receptor expression in the trophoblast and immune cells, in particular, in natural killer cells. Numerous research results are reviewed to show that the expression and localization of neurotrophins along with their high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptors and low-affinity p75NTR receptor in the mother-placenta-fetus system indicate the important role of neurotrophins as binding molecules in regulating the crosstalk between the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems in pregnancy. An imbalance between these systems can occur with tumor growth and pathological processes observed in pregnancy complications and fetal development anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia P Milyutina
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Arutjunyan
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey V Korenevsky
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A Selkov
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor Yu Kogan
- D.O. Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Jadhav A, Khaire A, Gundu S, Wadhwani N, Chandhiok N, Gupte S, Joshi S. Placental neurotrophin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:352-363. [PMID: 33783008 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurotrophins are known to influence the development and maturation of the feto-placental unit and affect fetal growth trajectories. This study reports the levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS A total number of 60 women with GDM and 70 women without GDM (non-GDM) were included in the study. Placental NGF and BDNF levels were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. RESULTS Placental NGF levels were lower (p < .05) in women with GDM compared to non-GDM women. Maternal body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, and the gender of the baby influenced the placental NGF levels. Placental BDNF levels were similar in GDM and non-GDM women. There was an influence of baby gender on the placental BDNF levels while maternal BMI and mode of delivery did not show any effect. In regression models adjusted for maternal age at delivery, gestational age, maternal BMI, mode of delivery, and baby gender, the placental NGF levels in the GDM group were lower (-0.144 pg/ml [95% CI -0.273, 22120.016] p = .028) as compared to the non-GDM group. However, there was no difference in the BDNF levels between the groups. CONCLUSION This study for the first time demonstrates differential effects on neurotrophic factors such as BDNF and NGF in the placenta in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Alterations in the levels of placental neurotrophins in GDM deliveries may affect placental development and fetal brain growth. This has implications for increased risk for neurodevelopmental pathologies in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Jadhav
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, India
| | - Amrita Khaire
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, India
| | - Shridevi Gundu
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, India
| | - Nisha Wadhwani
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, India
| | - Nomita Chandhiok
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Maternal and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune, India
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Krey FC, Stocchero BA, Creutzberg KC, Heberle BA, Tractenberg SG, Xiang L, Wei W, Kluwe-Schiavon B, Viola TW. Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:643576. [PMID: 33868149 PMCID: PMC8047113 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.643576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature we aimed to compare the levels of BDNF, NGF, NT-3, NT-4, and GDNF between human term and preterm infants, and investigate factors implicated in the variability of effect size estimates. Methods: The analysis was performed in three online databases, MEDLINE Complete, PsycINFO, and CINAHL. A random effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) of neurotrophic factor levels in preterm infants vs. term within a 95% confidence interval (CI). To explore sources of heterogeneity meta-regression models were implemented. Results: Sixteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. A combined sample of 1,379 preterm and 1,286 term newborns were evaluated. We identified significant lower BDNF (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.59, -0.06; p = 0.014) and NT-3 (SMD = -0.31; 95% CI: -0.52, -0.09; p = 0.004) levels in preterm compared to term infants. No significant difference was observed in NGF and NT-4 levels between groups. Given that only two effect sizes were generated for GDNF levels, no meta-analytical model was performed. Meta-regression models revealed sample type (placental tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood) as a significant moderator of heterogeneity for BDNF meta-analysis. No significant associations were found for gestational week, birth weight, and clinical comorbidity of newborns with effect sizes. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that lower BDNF and NT-3 levels may be associated with preterm birth. Future studies with larger samples sizes should investigate neurodevelopmental manifestations resulting from neurotrophic factor dysregulation among preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francieli Cristina Krey
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health-School of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Alvim Stocchero
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health-School of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Bernardo Aguzzoli Heberle
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health-School of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Li Xiang
- Neuroepigenetic Research Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Neuroepigenetic Research Lab, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon
- DCNL, PUCRS, Graduate Program in Psychology-School of Health Sciences, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Psychology, Psychology Research Centre, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL), Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health-School of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul (BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Sahay A, Kale A, Joshi S. Role of neurotrophins in pregnancy and offspring brain development. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102075. [PMID: 32778339 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins are a family of functionally and structurally related proteins which play a key role in the survival, development, and function of neurons in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) are the family members of neurotrophins. Neurotrophins play a crucial role in influencing the development of the brain and learning and memory processes. Studies demonstrate that they also play crucial role in influencing reproductive and immune systems. Neurotrophins have been shown to influence various processes in the mother, placenta, and fetus during pregnancy. Development and maturation of feto-placental unit and the fetal growth trajectories are influenced by neurotrophins. In addition to neurotrophins, neuropeptides like neuropeptide Y also play a crucial role during various processes of pregnancy and during fetal brain development. Neurotrophins have also been shown to have a cross talk with various angiogenic factors and influence placental development. Alterations in the levels of neurotrophins and neuropeptides lead to placental pathologies resulting in various pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm births. Studies in animals have reported low levels of maternal micronutrients like folic acid, vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids influence brain neurotrophins resulting in impaired cognitive functioning in the offspring. Maternal nutrition is also known to affect the expression of neuropeptides. It is essential to understand the role of various neurotrophins across various stages of pregnancy and its relationship with neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. This will lead to early prediction of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. The present review describes evidence describing the role of neurotrophins in determining pregnancy outcome and altered neurodevelopment in the offspring. The possible mechanism through which maternal nutrition influences neurotrophins and neuropeptides to regulate offspring brain development and function is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sahay
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Anvita Kale
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Sadhana Joshi
- Mother and Child Health, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
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6
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Gohir W, Kennedy KM, Wallace JG, Saoi M, Bellissimo CJ, Britz-McKibbin P, Petrik JJ, Surette MG, Sloboda DM. High-fat diet intake modulates maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy and results in placental hypoxia, as well as altered fetal gut barrier proteins and immune markers. J Physiol 2019; 597:3029-3051. [PMID: 31081119 DOI: 10.1113/jp277353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Maternal obesity has been associated with shifts in intestinal microbiota, which may contribute to impaired barrier function Impaired barrier function may expose the placenta and fetus to pro-inflammatory mediators We investigated the impacts of diet-induced obesity in mice on maternal and fetal intestinal structure and placental vascularization Diet-induced obesity decreased maternal intestinal short chain fatty acids and their receptors, impaired gut barrier integrity and was associated with fetal intestinal inflammation. Placenta from obese mothers showed blood vessel immaturity, hypoxia, increased transcript levels of inflammation, autophagy and altered levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers. These data suggest that maternal intestinal changes probably contribute to adverse placental adaptations and also impart an increased risk of obesity in the offspring via alterations in fetal gut development. ABSTRACT Shifts in maternal intestinal microbiota have been implicated in metabolic adaptations to pregnancy. In the present study, we generated cohorts of female C57BL/6J mice fed a control (17% kcal fat, n = 10-14) or a high-fat diet (HFD 60% kcal from fat, n = 10-14; ad libitum) aiming to investigate the impact on the maternal gut microbiota, intestinal inflammation and gut barrier integrity, placental inflammation and fetal intestinal development at embryonic day 18.5. HFD was associated with decreased relative abundances of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing genera during pregnancy. These diet-induced shifts paralleled decreased maternal intestinal mRNA levels of SCFA receptor Gpr41, modestly decreased cecal butyrate, and altered mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines and immune cell markers in the maternal intestine. Maternal HFD resulted in impaired gut barrier integrity, with corresponding increases in circulating maternal levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumour necrosis factor. Placentas from HFD dams demonstrated blood vessel immaturity and hypoxia; decreased free carnitine, acylcarnitine derivatives and trimethylamine-N-oxide; and altered mRNA levels of inflammation, autophagy, and ER stress markers. HFD exposed fetuses had increased activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and inhibition of the unfolded protein response in the developing intestine. Taken together, these data suggest that HFD intake prior to and during pregnancy shifts the composition of the maternal gut microbiota and impairs gut barrier integrity, resulting in increased maternal circulating LPS, which may ultimate contribute to changes in placental vascularization and fetal gut development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Gohir
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute
| | - Katherine M Kennedy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute
| | - Jessica G Wallace
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute
| | | | - Christian J Bellissimo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute
| | | | - Jim J Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Michael G Surette
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute.,Department of Medicine
| | - Deborah M Sloboda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.,Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Dhobale M. Neurotrophic Factors and Maternal Nutrition During Pregnancy. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2017; 104:343-366. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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Hodyl NA, Crawford TM, McKerracher L, Lawrence A, Pitcher JB, Stark MJ. Antenatal steroid exposure in the late preterm period is associated with reduced cord blood neurotrophin-3. Early Hum Dev 2016; 101:57-62. [PMID: 27411106 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophins are proteins critically involved in neural growth, survival and differentiation, and therefore important for fetal brain development. Reduced cord blood neurotrophins have been observed in very preterm infants (<32weeks gestation) who subsequently develop brain injury. Antenatal steroid exposure can alter neurotrophin concentrations, yet studies to date have not examined whether this occurs in the late preterm infant (33-36weeks gestation), despite increasing recognition of subtle neurodevelopmental deficits in this population. AIM To assess the impact of antenatal steroids on cord blood neurotrophins in late preterm infants following antenatal steroid exposure. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SUBJECTS Late preterm infants (33-36weeks; n=119) and term infants (37-41weeks; n=129) born at the Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide. OUTCOME MEASURES Cord blood neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), NT-4, nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations measured by ELISA. RESULTS Cord blood NT-4 and NGF were increased at term compared to the late preterm period (p<0.001), while BDNF and NT-3 were not different. In the late preterm period, cord blood NT-3 was reduced when antenatal steroids were administered >24h prior to delivery (p<0.01). CONCLUSION This study identified an association between reduced cord blood NT-3 and antenatal steroid exposure in the late preterm period. The reduced NT-3 may be a consequence of steroids inducing neuronal apoptosis, thereby reducing endogenous neuronal NT3 production, or be an action of steroids on other maternal or fetal NT-3 producing cells, which may then affect neuronal growth, differentiation and survival. Regardless of the specific mechanism, a reduction in NT-3 may have long term implications for child neurodevelopment, and emphasizes the ongoing vulnerability of the fetal brain across the full preterm period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette A Hodyl
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Tara M Crawford
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lorna McKerracher
- Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Lawrence
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julia B Pitcher
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J Stark
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Sahay AS, Sundrani DP, Joshi SR. Regional changes of placental vascularization in preeclampsia: a review. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:619-25. [PMID: 26269153 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is characterized by vascular dysfunction and results in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The placenta plays a critical role in the growth and development of the fetus, and recent studies indicate that placental architecture, oxygen availability, and oxidative stress indices vary across different regions of the placenta. Our earlier studies have reported altered maternal angiogenesis and differential placental gene expression and methylation patterns of angiogenic factors in women with preeclampsia when compared with normotensive women. We have also demonstrated lower maternal and placental neurotrophin (NT) levels in women with preeclampsia. Studies suggest that oxidative stress is associated with proteases like matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and growth factors like NTs and angiogenic factors known to be involved in the process of angiogenesis. Recently, we have reported regionwise differential oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activity, and NT levels in placenta from normotensive control women and women with preeclampsia. The current review describes the regional changes in the placenta and highlights the role of placental oxidative stress in influencing regional differences in the expression of angiogenic factors, MMPs, and NTs. This review discusses the need for further research on various growth factors and proteins involved in the process of placental development across different regions of the placenta. This would help to understand whether regional differences in these factors affect the growth and development of the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti S Sahay
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepali P Sundrani
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadhana R Joshi
- Department of Nutritional Medicine, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Dhobale M. Neurotrophins: Role in adverse pregnancy outcome. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 37:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Fujita K, Tatsumi K, Kondoh E, Chigusa Y, Mogami H, Fujii T, Yura S, Kakui K, Konishi I. Differential expression and the anti-apoptotic effect of human placental neurotrophins and their receptors. Placenta 2011; 32:737-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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