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Achón Buil B, Rentsch NH, Weber RZ, Rickenbach C, Halliday SJ, Hotta A, Tackenberg C, Rust R. Beneath the radar: immune-evasive cell sources for stroke therapy. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:223-238. [PMID: 38272713 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is an emerging treatment paradigm for stroke patients with remaining neurological deficits. While allogeneic cell transplants overcome the manufacturing constraints of autologous grafts, they can be rejected by the recipient's immune system, which identifies foreign cells through the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The heterogeneity of HLA molecules in the human population would require a very high number of cell lines, which may still be inadequate for patients with rare genetic HLAs. Here, we outline key progress in genetic HLA engineering in pluripotent stem and derived cells to evade the host's immune system, reducing the number of allogeneic cell lines required, and examine safety measures explored in both preclinical studies and upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Achón Buil
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nora H Rentsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Z Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Rickenbach
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie J Halliday
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1501 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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2
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Niebergall-Roth E, Frank NY, Ganss C, Frank MH, Kluth MA. Skin-Derived ABCB5 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells for High-Medical-Need Inflammatory Diseases: From Discovery to Entering Clinical Routine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:66. [PMID: 36613507 PMCID: PMC9820160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette superfamily member ABCB5 identifies a subset of skin-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that exhibit potent immunomodulatory and wound healing-promoting capacities along with superior homing ability. The ABCB5+ MSCs can be easily accessed from discarded skin samples, expanded, and delivered as a highly homogenous medicinal product with standardized potency. A range of preclinical studies has suggested therapeutic efficacy of ABCB5+ MSCs in a variety of currently uncurable skin and non-skin inflammatory diseases, which has been substantiated thus far by distinct clinical trials in chronic skin wounds or recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Therefore, skin-derived ABCB5+ MSCs have the potential to provide a breakthrough at the forefront of MSC-based therapies striving to fulfill current unmet medical needs. The most recent milestones in this regard are the approval of a phase III pivotal trial of ABCB5+ MSCs for treatment of recessive dystrophic and junctional epidermolysis bullosa by the US Food and Drug Administration, and national market access of ABCB5+ MSCs (AMESANAR®) for therapy-refractory chronic venous ulcers under the national hospital exemption pathway in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Y. Frank
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02132, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christoph Ganss
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus H. Frank
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| | - Mark A. Kluth
- TICEBA GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- RHEACELL GmbH & Co. KG, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Zhao J, Meng H, Liao S, Su Y, Guo L, Wang A, Xu W, Zhou H, Peng J. Therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in early traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Translat 2022; 37:126-142. [PMID: 36313533 PMCID: PMC9582590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a refractory disease due to its unclear pathomechanism. Therapies during the early stage of ONFH have not achieved satisfactory results. Therefore, this study aims to explore the available evidence for the therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) on early-stage traumatic ONFH. Methods Early-stage traumatic ONFH was established. The femoral heads of rats were then locally administered HUCMSCs. Four weeks and eight weeks after surgery, bone repair of the necrotic area in the femoral head was analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HUCMSCs using micro-CT, histopathological staining, immunofluorescence staining, Luminex. Results HUCMSCs were still present in the femoral head four weeks later, and the morphological, micro-CT and histopathological outcomes in the 4-week HUCMSC-treated group were better than those in the model, NS and 8-week HUCMSC-treated groups. Local transplantation of HUCMSCs promoted bone repair and prevented bone loss in the necrotic area of the femoral head. Conclusions HUCMSCs can survive and positively affect the femoral head through local transplantation in early-stage traumatic ONFH. The conclusions of this study can provide a treatment option for patients who have ONFH and can serve as basic research on the advanced development of this disease. The Translational potential of this article The study indicated that the positive effect of exogenous HUCMSCs in the treatment of early-stage traumatic ONFH provides the solid basis and guidance for the clinical application of HUCMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haoye Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Sida Liao
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yaoyu Su
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Li Guo
- The Eight Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Aiyuan Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory (No BZ0128), Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing, 100853, China,Corresponding author.
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Yang J, Zhang L. The roles and therapeutic approaches of MSC-derived exosomes in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:959-967. [PMID: 35037237 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in both men and women, accounting for 8% of all new cancer cases in both. CRC is typically diagnosed at advanced stages, which leads to a higher mortality rate. The 5-year survival rate for CRC is 64% in all cases and just 12% in metastatic cases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most recent approaches for therapeutic interventions in cancer. MSCs have multiple properties, including paracrine signaling, immunologic functions, and the ability to migrate to the targeted tissue. MSCs can produce and secrete exosomes in tumor microenvironments. These exosomes can transfer compounds across tumor cells, stromal cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Studies showed that modified MCS-derived exosomes have enhanced specificity, reduced immunogenicity, and better targeting capabilities in comparison to other frequently used delivery systems such as liposomes. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of the role of natural MSC-derived exosomes in CRC, as well as the most current and prospective advancements in MSC-derived exosome therapeutic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Anorectal, Shijiazhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China.
| | - Liman Zhang
- Anorectal, Shijiazhuang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
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5
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Wen YT, Ho YC, Lee YC, Ding DC, Liu PK, Tsai RK. The Benefits and Hazards of Intravitreal Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Based-Therapies in the Experimental Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042117. [PMID: 33672743 PMCID: PMC7924624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been investigated intensively for many years. However, there is a potential risk related to MSC applications in various cell niches. Methods: The safety of intravitreal MSC application and the efficacy of MSC-derived conditioned medium (MDCM) were evaluated in the normal eye and the diseased eye, respectively. For safety evaluation, the fundus morphology, visual function, retinal function, and histological changes of the retina were examined. For efficacy evaluation, the MDCM was intravitreally administrated in a rodent model of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rAION). The visual function, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density, and neuroinflammation were evaluated at day 28 post-optic nerve (ON) infarct. Results: The fundus imaging showed that MSC transplantation induced retinal distortion and venous congestion. The visual function, retinal function, and RGC density were significantly decreased in MSC-treated eyes. MSC transplantation induced astrogliosis, microgliosis, and macrophage infiltration in the retina due to an increase in the HLA-DR-positive MSC proportion in vitreous. Treatment with the MDCM preserved the visual function and RGC density in rAION via inhibition of macrophage infiltration and RGC apoptosis. Conclusions: The vitreous induced the HLA-DR expression in the MSCs to cause retinal inflammation and retina injury. However, the MDCM provided the neuroprotective effects in rAION.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Tseng Wen
- Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Yu-Chieh Ho
- Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Yueh-Chang Lee
- Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kung Tsai
- Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; (Y.-T.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Translational Medicine, Tzu Chi University and Academia Sinica, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-8561-825 (ext. 2112)
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Liu J, Ding Y, Liu Z, Liang X. Senescence in Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functional Alterations, Molecular Mechanisms, and Rejuvenation Strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:258. [PMID: 32478063 PMCID: PMC7232554 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation. There is increasing evidence of the therapeutic value of MSCs in various clinical situations, however, these cells gradually lose their regenerative potential with age, with a concomitant increase in cellular dysfunction. Stem cell aging and replicative exhaustion are considered as hallmarks of aging and functional attrition in organisms. MSCs do not proliferate infinitely but undergo only a limited number of population doublings before becoming senescent. This greatly hinders their clinical application, given that cultures must be expanded to obtain a sufficient number of cells for cell-based therapy. Here, we review the current knowledge of the phenotypic and functional characteristics of senescent MSCs, molecular mechanisms underlying MSCs aging, and strategies to rejuvenate senescent MSCs, which can broaden their range of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Ding
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Enciso N, Avedillo L, Fermín ML, Fragío C, Tejero C. Regenerative potential of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cells in canine cutaneous wounds. Acta Vet Scand 2020; 62:13. [PMID: 32164768 PMCID: PMC7066838 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-020-0511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great amount of interest over the past decade as a novel therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases. Emerging studies have indicated that MSCs could enhance the repair of injured skin in canine cutaneous wounds. CASE PRESENTATION A healthy 2 years old Bodeguero Andaluz dog was presented with multiple skin bite wounds. Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy was administered for 8 days. On day three, 107 allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) were intradermally injected approximately equidistant to the ASCs treated wounds. Control wounds underwent conventional treatment with a topical antibacterial ointment until wound healing and closure. Wounds, skin morphology and healing progress were monitored via serial photographs and histopathology of biopsies obtained at day seven after ASC treatment. Histopathology revealed absence of inflammatory infiltrates and presence of multiple hair follicles in contrast to the non-ASCs treated control wounds indicating that ASC treatment promoted epidermal and dermal regeneration. ASCs were identified by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. The immunomodulatory role of ASCs was evidenced by coculturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with allogeneic ASCs. Phytohemagglutinin was administered to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. Cells were harvested and stained with an anticanine CD3-FITC antibody. The ASCs inhibited proliferation of T lymphocytes, which was quantified by reduction of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester intensity using flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS Compared with conventional treatment, wounds treated with ASCs showed a higher regenerative capacity with earlier and faster closure in this dog.
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Yousefi F, Lavi Arab F, Nikkhah K, Amiri H, Mahmoudi M. Novel approaches using mesenchymal stem cells for curing peripheral nerve injuries. Life Sci 2019; 221:99-108. [PMID: 30735735 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is a common life-changing disability of peripheral nervous system with significant socioeconomic consequences. Conventional therapeutic approaches for PNI have several drawbacks such as need to autologous nerve scarifying, surplus surgery, and difficult accessibility to donor nerve; therefore, other therapeutic strategies such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy are getting more interesting. MSCs have been proved to be safe and efficient in numerous degenerative diseases of central and peripheral nervous systems. In this paper, we review novel biotechnological advancements in treating PNI using MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Lavi Arab
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Karim Nikkhah
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Amiri
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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9
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Schulman IH, Balkan W, Hare JM. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Aging Frailty. Front Nutr 2018; 5:108. [PMID: 30498696 PMCID: PMC6249304 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases and degenerative conditions are strongly linked with the geriatric syndrome of frailty and account for a disproportionate percentage of the health care budget. Frailty increases the risk of falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, disability, and death. By definition, frailty syndrome is characterized by declines in lean body mass, strength, endurance, balance, gait speed, activity and energy levels, and organ physiologic reserve. Collectively, these changes lead to the loss of homeostasis and capability to withstand stressors and resulting vulnerabilities. There is a strong link between frailty, inflammation, and the impaired ability to repair tissue injury due to decreases in endogenous stem cell production. Although exercise and nutritional supplementation provide benefit to frail patients, there are currently no specific therapies for frailty. Bone marrow-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide therapeutic benefits in heart failure patients irrespective of age. MSCs contribute to cellular repair and tissue regeneration through their multilineage differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, homing and migratory capacity to injury sites, and stimulatory effect on endogenous tissue progenitors. The advantages of using MSCs as a therapeutic strategy include standardization of isolation and culture expansion techniques and safety in allogeneic transplantation. Based on this evidence, we performed a randomized, double-blinded, dose-finding study in elderly, frail individuals and showed that intravenously delivered allogeneic MSCs are safe and produce significant improvements in physical performance measures and inflammatory biomarkers. We thus propose that frailty can be treated and the link between frailty and chronic inflammation offers a potential therapeutic target, addressable by cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Hernandez Schulman
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Wayne Balkan
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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10
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Li R, Lin QX, Liang XZ, Liu GB, Tang H, Wang Y, Lu SB, Peng J. Stem cell therapy for treating osteonecrosis of the femoral head: From clinical applications to related basic research. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:291. [PMID: 30359305 PMCID: PMC6202807 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a refractory disease that is associated with collapse of the femoral head, with a risk of hip arthroplasty in younger populations. Thus, there has been an increased focus on early interventions for ONFH that aim to preserve the native articulation. Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment, and an increasing number of recent studies have focused on this topic. Many clinical studies have reported positive outcomes of stem cell therapy for the treatment of ONFH. To improve the therapeutic effects of this approach, many related basic research studies have also been performed. However, some issues must be further explored, such as the appropriate patient selection procedure, the optimal stem cell selection protocol, the ideal injection number, and the safety of stem cell therapy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available clinical studies and basic research related to stem cell therapy for ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Qiu-Xia Lin
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Xue-Zhen Liang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355 Shandong China
| | - Guang-Bo Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - He Tang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Shi-Bi Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
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11
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White JL, Walker NJ, Hu JC, Borjesson DL, Athanasiou KA. A Comparison of Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Self-Assembly. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1262-1272. [PMID: 29478385 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Joint injury is a common cause of premature retirement for the human and equine athlete alike. Implantation of engineered cartilage offers the potential to increase the success rate of surgical intervention and hasten recovery times. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a particularly attractive cell source for cartilage engineering. While bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) have been most extensively characterized for musculoskeletal tissue engineering, studies suggest that cord blood MSCs (CB-MSCs) may elicit a more robust chondrogenic phenotype. The objective of this study was to determine a superior equine MSC source for cartilage engineering. MSCs derived from bone marrow or cord blood were stimulated to undergo chondrogenesis through aggregate redifferentiation and used to generate cartilage through the self-assembling process. The resulting neocartilage produced from either BM-MSCs or CB-MSCs was compared by measuring mechanical, biochemical, and histological properties. We found that while BM constructs possessed higher tensile properties and collagen content, CB constructs had superior compressive properties comparable to that of native tissue and higher GAG content. Moreover, CB constructs had alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen type X, and collagen type II on par with native tissue suggesting a more hyaline cartilage-like phenotype. In conclusion, while both BM-MSCs and CB-MSCs were able to form neocartilage, CB-MSCs resulted in tissue more closely resembling native equine articular cartilage as determined by a quantitative functionality index. Therefore, CB-MSCs are deemed a superior source for the purpose of articular cartilage self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L White
- 1 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Integrative Pathobiology Graduate Group, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - Naomi J Walker
- 2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - Jerry C Hu
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California , Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Dori L Borjesson
- 2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California , Davis, Davis, California.,4 School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California , Davis, Davis, California
| | - Kyriacos A Athanasiou
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California , Irvine, Irvine, California
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12
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Lohan P, Treacy O, Griffin MD, Ritter T, Ryan AE. Anti-Donor Immune Responses Elicited by Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles: Are We Still Learning? Front Immunol 2017; 8:1626. [PMID: 29225601 PMCID: PMC5705547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been used to treat a broad range of disease indications such as acute and chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and transplant rejection due to their potent immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory properties. The breadth of their usage is due in no small part to the vast quantity of published studies showing their ability to modulate multiple immune cell types of both the innate and adaptive immune response. While patient-derived (autologous) MSC may be the safer choice in terms of avoiding unwanted immune responses, factors including donor comorbidities may preclude these cells from use. In these situations, allogeneic MSC derived from genetically unrelated individuals must be used. While allogeneic MSC were initially believed to be immune-privileged, substantial evidence now exists to prove otherwise with multiple studies documenting specific cellular and humoral immune responses against donor antigens following administration of these cells. In this article, we will review recent published studies using non-manipulated, inflammatory molecule-activated (licensed) and differentiated allogeneic MSC, as well as MSC extracellular vesicles focusing on the immune responses to these cells and whether or not such responses have an impact on allogeneic MSC-mediated safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lohan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Oliver Treacy
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Thomas Ritter
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,CURAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aideen E Ryan
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Discipline of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Andreeva E, Bobyleva P, Gornostaeva A, Buravkova L. Interaction of multipotent mesenchymal stromal and immune cells: Bidirectional effects. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1152-1166. [PMID: 28823421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adult multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered one of the key players in physiological remodeling and tissue reparation. Elucidation of MSC functions is one of the most intriguing issues in modern cell physiology. In the present review, the interaction of MSCs and immune cells is discussed in terms of reciprocal effects, which modifies the properties of "partner" cells with special focus on the contribution of direct cell-to-cell contacts, soluble mediators and local microenvironmental factors, the most important of which is oxygen tension. The immunosuppressive phenomenon of MSCs is considered as the integral part of the response-to-injury mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Bobyleva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ludmila Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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