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Fan X, Zhang Q, Qin S, Ju S. CircBRIP1: a plasma diagnostic marker for non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:83. [PMID: 38329551 PMCID: PMC10853360 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA), which has been demonstrated in studies to be abundantly prevalent in tumor cells and bodily fluids and to play a significant role in tumors, has the potential for biological markers to be used to assist tumor diagnosis. This study mainly discusses the potential of circBRIP1 as a biomarker for diagnosing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS First, high-throughput sequencing screened the differentially expressed circBRIP1, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) verified its expression in NSCLC. Next, sanger sequencing, agarose gel electrophoresis, RNase R assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to verify its molecular characteristics. The diagnostic value was analyzed by the subject operating characteristic curve (ROC), and the cardinality test was analyzed for correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Finally, we tentatively predicted the downstream miRNA- or RNA-binding protein that may bind to circBRIP1. RESULTS CircBRIP1 is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, cells and plasma with good specificity and stability. CircBRIP1 not only can well-distinguish NSCLC patients from benign pulmonary diseases (BPD) patients, healthy individuals and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, but it also has some potential for dynamic monitoring. Combined with the analysis of clinicopathological data, the high level of circRNA expression was related to the degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, T stage, lymph node metastasis and distal metastasis in NSCLC patients. In addition, circBRIP1 has a high diagnostic value. CONCLUSIONS Plasma circBRIP1 is significantly overexpressed in NSCLC patients. It can be used as a sensitive biomarker with unique value for early diagnosis, tumor development and prognosis detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyi Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Wiyarta E, Nugraha DA, Ramadani MI, Gustya GF, Ammar MF, Edwar HD, Kheirizzad N, Mukhlisah MN, Burhan E, Syahruddin E. Clinical utility and diagnostic value of tumor-educated platelets in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1201713. [PMID: 37564936 PMCID: PMC10410284 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1201713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The review addresses the knowledge gap concerning the diagnostic value and clinical utility of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) in adult patients with lung cancer. Methods We searched twelve databases: PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, MedRxiv, BioRxiv, SSRN, Clinicaltrials.gov, and CNKI up to 24 March 2023, to include any diagnostic study regarding TEPs and LC. TEPs diagnostic value was evaluated from pooled sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and the area under the curve (AUC). QUADAS 2 was used to assess the risk of bias. Heterogeneity analysis was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plane, Galbraith plot, bivariate boxplot, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression. TEPs clinical utility was evaluated from Fagan's nomogram. Results 44 reports from 10 studies, including 7,858 events and 6,632 controls, were analyzed. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR were 0.80 (95% CI 0.79-0.80), 0.69 (95% CI 0.69-0.70), 2.92 (95% CI 2.50-3.41), 0.26 (95% CI 0.21-0.32), and 12.1 (95% CI 8.61-16.76), respectively. In addition, the AUC of the Summary ROC curve was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81-0.88). The overall risk of bias was low. Heterogeneity may result from cancer stage, cancer control, measuring equipment, and RNA types across studies. There was no apparent publication bias (p=0.29) with significant positive (79%) and negative (22%) post-test probability, according to Deeks funnel plot asymmetry test and Fagan's nomogram. Conclusion TEPs could be a moderately effective candidate biomarker for LC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Wiyarta
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Darrin Ananda Nugraha
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Indera Ramadani
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gita Fajri Gustya
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Farrasy Ammar
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hana Dzakira Edwar
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nildza Kheirizzad
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mutiah Nurul Mukhlisah
- Respiratory and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center (SATURATE), Faculty of Medicine, Persahabatan National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erlina Burhan
- Infection Division, Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Persahabatan National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elisna Syahruddin
- Oncology Division, Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Persahabatan National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Chen X, Hong J, Zhao H, Xiang Z, Qin Y, Zhou X, Wang Y, Zheng L, Xia P, Fang H, Zhu Y, Huang B. Establishment and Clinical Application of a Highly Sensitive Time-Resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay for Tumor-Associated Trypsinogen-2. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1501-1507. [PMID: 35511384 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To establish a rapid and highly sensitive assay for tumor-associated trypsinogen-2 (TAT-2) based on the time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) and evaluate its potential clinical value in patients with lung cancer. The double-antibody sandwich method was used in detecting TAT-2 antigen concentrations, and two types of TAT-2 antibodies (coating antibodies and Eu3+ labeled antibodies) were used. A TAT-2-TRFIA method was then established, evaluated, and used in detecting the serum TAT-2 levels of healthy subjects and patients with lung cancer. The linear range of the TAT-2-TRFIA method was 1.53-300 ng/mL, the intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) were between 1.67% and 8.42%, and the inter-assay CV were between 4.29% and 11.44%. The recovery rates of TAT-2-TRFIA were between 99.17% and 107.06%. The cross-reactivities of trypsin and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 were 0.02% and 0.82%, respectively. The serum TAT-2 levels of patients with lung cancer were higher than those of healthy subjects (P < 0.001). Combined with TAT-2, the sensitivity and specificity of CEA and CA-125 for lung cancer improved significantly. Conclusion: We successfully established a highly sensitive TAT-2-TRFIA method, which was able to facilitate the timely diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindong Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Hong
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhao
- The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyi Xiang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Zheng
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengguo Xia
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.,Coll Pharm, Lab Med Plant Biotechnol, Zhejiang Chinese Med Univ, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, China
| | - Hongming Fang
- Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yingwei Zhu
- The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Biao Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
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Murashka DI, Tahanovich AD, Kauhanka MM, Prokhorova VI, Gotko OV. [Diagnostic efficiency of determining CXCR1, CXCR2 and hyaluronic acid blood level in non-small cell lung cancer patients]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2021; 67:434-442. [PMID: 34730557 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216705434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the structure of lung cancer incidence most cases belong to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which is subdivided into two histological subtypes: adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A five-year survival rate of patients with stage I NSCLC is two times higher than in patients with stage II and more than five times higher than in stages III-IV. Currently, there are no informative blood biomarkers to diagnose early stages of NSCLC. The aim of the study was to evaluate complex determination of hyaluronic acid (HA), CXCR2 and CXCR1 levels blood of patients with AC and SCC. Blood samples from of 107 patients with SCC, 90 patients with AC, and 40 healthy people were used in this study. Concentration of HA in blood serum was determined by enzyme linked immunoassay. The level of CXCR2 and CXCR1 was determined by flow cytometry. Diagnostic parameters were determined by constructing mathematical models in the form of regression equations using the method of stepwise inclusion of predictors and subsequent ROC-analysis. Results of the study indicate that MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes, proportion of lymphocytes containing CXCR2 and concentration of HA in blood serum in stage I AC and SCC are significantly higher than in healthy people. The level of these parameter significantly increases at stage II of the disease compared to stage I and demonstrates further growth at its later stages. Based on the obtained results, regression equations were created: (i) including MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes, proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and HA concentration in the serum to detect stages I-II SCC (diagnostic sensitivity - 95.7%, specificity - 93.7%, threshold value - 0.59) and stages III-IV SCC (diagnostic sensitivity - 93.1%, specificity - 93.3%, threshold value - 0.64); (ii) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 MFI CXCR1 in granulocytes and CYFRA 21-1 blood level, which allows the detection of I-II stages of AC (sensitivity - 91.3%, specificity - 94.7%, threshold value - 0.61); (iii) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and CYFRA 21-1 blood level, which allows the detection of AC stages III-IV (sensitivity - 94.6%, specificity - 91.3%, threshold value - 0.15); (iv) including the proportion of lymphocytes supplied with CXCR2 and HA level in the serum to differentiate stage II SCC from stage I (sensitivity - 94.4%, specificity - 87.5%, threshold value - 0.44) and II stage AC from stage I (sensitivity - 88.5%, specificity - 91.2%, threshold value - 0.46).
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Murashka
- Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - M M Kauhanka
- Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - V I Prokhorova
- N.N. Aleksandrov RSPC of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - O V Gotko
- N.N. Aleksandrov RSPC of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Minsk, Belarus
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5
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Muller M, Hoogendoorn R, Moritz RJG, van der Noort V, Lanfermeijer M, Korse CM, van den Broek D, Ten Hoeve JJ, Baas P, van Rossum HH, van den Heuvel MM. Validation of a clinical blood-based decision aid to guide immunotherapy treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:115-127. [PMID: 34219680 DOI: 10.3233/tub-211504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread introduction of immunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has led to durable responses but still many patients fail and are treated beyond progression. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether readily available blood-based tumor biomarkers allow accurate detection of early non-responsiveness, allowing a timely switch of therapy and cost reduction. METHODS In a prospective, observational study in patients with NSCLC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab, five serum tumor markers were measured at baseline and every other week. Six months disease control as determined by RECIST was used as a measure of clinical response. Patients with a disease control < 6 months were deemed non-responsive. For every separate tumor marker a criterion for predicting of non-response was developed. Each marker test was defined as positive (predictive of non-response) if the value of that tumor marker increased at least 50% from the value at baseline and above a marker dependent minimum value to be determined. Also, tests based on combination of multiple markers were designed. Specificity and sensitivity for predicting non-response was calculated and results were validated in an independent cohort. The target specificity of the test for detecting non-response was set at > 95%, in order to allow its safe use for treatment decisions. RESULTS A total of 376 patients (training cohort: 180, validation cohort: 196) were included in our analysis. Results for the specificity of the single marker tests in the validation set were CEA: 98·3% (95% CI: 90·9-100%), NSE: 96·5% (95% CI: 87·9-99·6%), SCC: 96·5% (95% CI: 88·1-99·6%), Cyfra21·1 : 91.8% (95% CI: 81·9-97·3%), and CA125 : 86·0% (95% CI: 74·2-93·7%). A test based on the combination of Cyfra21.1, CEA and NSE accurately predicted non-response in 32.3% (95% CI 22.6-43.1%) of patients 6 weeks after start of immunotherapy. Survival analysis showed a significant difference between predicted responders (Median PFS: 237 days (95% CI 184-289 days)) and non-responders (Median PFS: 58 days (95% CI 46-70 days)) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum tumor marker based tests can be used for accurate detection of non-response in NSCLC, thereby allowing early and safe discontinuation of immunotherapy in a significant subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Muller
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Hoogendoorn
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben J G Moritz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent van der Noort
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirthe Lanfermeijer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina M Korse
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van den Broek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle J Ten Hoeve
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Baas
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huub H van Rossum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel M van den Heuvel
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Radboud Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Zhang J, Han T, Ren J, Jin C, Zhang M, Guo Y. Discriminating Small-Sized (2 cm or Less), Noncalcified, Solitary Pulmonary Tuberculoma and Solid Lung Adenocarcinoma in Tuberculosis-Endemic Areas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11060930. [PMID: 34064284 PMCID: PMC8224307 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Pulmonary tuberculoma can mimic lung malignancy and thereby pose a diagnostic dilemma to clinicians. The purpose of this study was to establish an accurate, convenient, and clinically practical model for distinguishing small-sized, noncalcified, solitary pulmonary tuberculoma from solid lung adenocarcinoma. Methods. Thirty-one patients with noncalcified, solitary tuberculoma and 30 patients with solid adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Clinical characteristics and CT morphological features of lesions were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify independent predictors of pulmonary tuberculoma and lung adenocarcinoma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to investigate the discriminating efficacy. Results. The mean age of patients with tuberculoma and adenocarcinoma was 46.8 ± 12.3 years (range, 28–64) and 61.1 ± 9.9 years (range, 41–77), respectively. No significant differences were observed concerning smoking history and smoking index, underlying disease, or tumor markers between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed age and lobulation combined with pleural indentation demonstrated excellent discrimination. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the ROC curve were 87.1%, 93.3%, 90.2%, and 0.956 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.901–1.000), respectively. Conclusion. The combination of clinical characteristics and CT morphological features can be used to distinguish noncalcified, solitary tuberculoma from solid adenocarcinoma with high diagnostic performance and has a clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Tingting Han
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jialiang Ren
- GE Healthcare China, Daxing District, Tongji South Road No.1, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Chenwang Jin
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18991232597
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.)
| | - Youmin Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an 710061, China; (J.Z.); (T.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.)
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Volatile organic compounds analysis optimization and biomarker discovery in urine of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients before and during chemotherapy. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Luo YH, Yang YP, Chien CS, Yarmishyn AA, Ishola AA, Chien Y, Chen YM, Huang TW, Lee KY, Huang WC, Tsai PH, Lin TW, Chiou SH, Liu CY, Chang CC, Chen MT, Wang ML. Plasma Level of Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000190 Correlates with Tumor Progression and Poor Treatment Response in Advanced Lung Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071740. [PMID: 32629833 PMCID: PMC7408140 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) causes the majority of cancer-related deaths. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were reported to play roles in cancers by targeting pro- and anti-oncogenic miRNAs. However, the mechanisms of circRNAs in LC progression and their prognostic value of treatment response remain unclear. By using next generation sequencing (NGS) of LC cell lines’ transcriptomes, we identified highly overexpressed hsa_circ_0000190 and hsa_circ_000164 as potential biomarkers. By using the highly sensitive RT-ddPCR method, these circRNAs were shown to be secreted by cell lines and were detected in human blood. Clinical validation by RT-ddPCR was carried out on 272 (231 LC patients and 41 controls) blood samples. Higher hsa_circ_0000190 levels were associated with larger tumor size (p < 0.0001), worse histological type of adenocarcinoma (p = 0.0028), later stage (p < 0.0001), more distant metastatic organs (p = 0.0039), extrathoracic metastasis (p = 0.0004), and poor survival (p = 0.047) and prognosis. Using liquid biopsy-based RT-ddPCR, we discovered the correlation between increased hsa_circ_0000190 plasma level (p < 0.0001) and higher programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) level in tumor (p = 0.0283). Notably, long-term follow-up of the immunotherapy treated cases showed that upregulated plasma hsa_circ_0000190 level correlated with poor response to systemic therapy and immunotherapy (p = 0.0002, 0.0058, respectively). Secretory circRNAs are detectable in blood by LB-based RT-ddPCR and may serve as blood-based biomarkers to monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Luo
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Aliaksandr A. Yarmishyn
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Afeez Adekunle Ishola
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wang Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chien Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Teh Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (M.-T.C.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-5568-1156; Fax: +886-2-2875-7345
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Özkan C, Yıldırım S, Huyut Z, Özbek M. Selected Tumour Biomarker Levels in Sheep with Pulmonary Adenomatosis. J Vet Res 2020; 64:39-44. [PMID: 32258798 PMCID: PMC7105990 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sheep pulmonary adenomatosis (ovine pulmonary adenomatosis, OPA, Jaagsiekte) is a chronic contagious bronchoalveolar carcinoma caused by the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. Since effective treatment and a vaccination procedure are not currently possible, control and eradication of the disease is difficult. It leads to serious economic losses around the world, therefore studies are currently underway in order to design control and eradication programmes. In this study, levels and changes in selected tumour markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and alphafetoprotein (AFP)-3) and their diagnostic significance were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 30 sheep were used. Clinical examinations were performed and blood samples were obtained before slaughter from all animals with presumed OPA. Blood samples with positive OPA results by macroscopic and histopathological examination were included in the study as the experimental group and numbered 20. Sheep totalling 10 had negative OPA results and provided control samples. RESULTS CEA levels were similar in both groups, and the differences were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and AFP-3 levels were higher in the OPA group than the control group and with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In all OPA animals, CA 125 levels were higher than 1 U/mL. CONCLUSION serum CAs and AFP levels increase significantly in adenomatous sheep. These tumour markers are thought to facilitate the diagnosis of OPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cumali Özkan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özbek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
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Dang K, Zhang W, Jiang S, Lin X, Qian A. Application of Lectin Microarrays for Biomarker Discovery. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:285-300. [PMID: 32154049 PMCID: PMC7050261 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins in living organisms are glycosylated. As their glycan patterns exhibit protein-, cell-, and tissue-specific heterogeneity, changes in the glycosylation levels could serve as useful indicators of various pathological and physiological states. Thus, the identification of glycoprotein biomarkers from specific changes in the glycan profiles of glycoproteins is a trending field. Lectin microarrays provide a new glycan analysis platform, which enables rapid and sensitive analysis of complex glycans without requiring the release of glycans from the protein. Recent developments in lectin microarray technology enable high-throughput analysis of glycans in complex biological samples. In this review, we will discuss the basic concepts and recent progress in lectin microarray technology, the application of lectin microarrays in biomarker discovery, and the challenges and future development of this technology. Given the tremendous technical advancements that have been made, lectin microarrays will become an indispensable tool for the discovery of glycoprotein biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Shanfeng Jiang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072, ShaanxiChina
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MicroRNA Biomarker hsa-miR-195-5p for Detecting the Risk of Lung Cancer. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:7415909. [PMID: 31976313 PMCID: PMC6961786 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7415909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the leading diagnosed cancers worldwide, and microRNAs could be used as biomarkers to diagnose lung cancer. hsa-miR-195 has been demonstrated to affect the prognosis of NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) in a previous study. However, the diagnostic value of hsa-miR-195-5p in lung cancer has not been investigated. Methods To evaluate the ability of hsa-miR-195-5p to diagnose lung cancer, we compared the expression of hsa-miR-195-5p in lung cancer patients, COPD patients, and normal controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of hsa-miR-195-5p. Coexpression network and pathway analysis were carried out to explore the mechanism. Results We found that hsa-miR-195-5p had lower expression in lung cancer and COPD patients than in normal controls, and the AUC was 0.92 for diagnosing lung cancer. hsa-miR-143 correlated with hsa-miR-195-5p, and by combining these two microRNAs, the AUC was 0.97 for diagnosing lung cancer. Conclusions hsa-miR-195-5p may act as a biomarker that contributes to the diagnosis of lung cancer and the detection of its high-risk population.
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Zhang W, Gao Z, Zeng G, Xie H, Liu J, Liu N, Wang G. Clinical significance of urinary plasminogen and fibrinogen gamma chain as novel potential diagnostic markers for non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:55-65. [PMID: 31821791 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary proteins could be useful as markers for the detection of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the levels of two different proteins in urine samples from NSCLC patients and assessed their diagnostic value. METHODS Urinary plasminogen (PLG) and fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) levels in 112 NSCLC patients and 197 controls were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of FGG and PLG in 20 NSCLC tissues and paired adjacent non-tumour tissues were detected through immunohistochemistry. The diagnostic value of FGG and PLG for NSCLC was evaluated through a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS PLG and FGG were significantly elevated in NSCLC tissues vs paired adjacent non-tumour tissues (p = 0.000) and in urinary samples from NSCLC patients vs healthy controls (p = 0.000). The expression level of PLG in urinary samples was related only to the histological type (p = 0.001). Further, ROC curve analysis revealed that PLG, FGG, and their combination could distinguish NSCLC and its subtypes from healthy controls with an AUC ranging from 0.827 to 0. 947. By comparing urine samples with matching plasma CEA from NSCLC stage I-IV patients (n = 81) and healthy controls (n = 31), the combination of CEA with PLG or FGG showed that the AUC was 0.889 and 0.806, respectively, which is superior to a single biomarker alone. CONCLUSIONS These two urinary proteins could serve as potential markers for the diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Department of oncology, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Zhouyong Gao
- Department of oncology, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Guang Zeng
- Department of thoracic surgery, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of thoracic surgery, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of oncology, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of pathology, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Department of oncology, Tianjin Baodi hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, China.
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A review of predictive, prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer: towards personalised and targeted cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396919000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction:Lung cancer has a high mortality rate mainly due to the lack of early detection or outward signs and symptoms, thereby often progressing to advanced stages (e.g., stage IV) before it is diagnosed. However, if lung cancers can be diagnosed at an early stage and also if clinicians can prospectively identify patients likely to respond to specific treatments, then there is a very high potential to increase patients’ survival. In recent years, several investigations have been conducted to identify cancer biomarkers for lung cancer risk assessment, early detection and diagnosis, the likelihood of identifying the group of patients who will benefit from a particular treatment and monitoring patient response to treatment.Materials and Methods:This paper reports on the review of 19 current clinical and emerging biomarkers used in risk assessment, screening for early detection and diagnosis and monitoring the response of treatment of non-small-cell lung cancers.Conclusion:The future holds promise for personalised and targeted medicine from prevention, diagnosis to treatment, which take into account individual patient’s variability, though it depends on the development of effective biomarkers interrogating the key aberrant pathways and potentially targetable with molecular targeted or immunologic therapies. Lung cancer biomarkers have the potential to guide clinical decision-making since they can potentially detect the disease early, measure the risk of developing the disease and the risk of progression, provide accurate information of patient response to a specific treatment and are capable of informing clinicians about the likely outcome of a cancer diagnosis independent of the treatment received. Moreover, lung cancer biomarkers are increasingly linked to specific molecular pathway deregulations and/or cancer pathogenesis and can be used to justify the application of certain therapeutic or interventional strategies.
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Hong G, Chen X, Sun X, Zhou M, Liu B, Li Z, Yu Z, Gao W, Liu T. Effect of autologous NK cell immunotherapy on advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2019; 2:235-245. [PMID: 35693880 PMCID: PMC8985770 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbz023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the efficiency of natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapy on non-small cell lung cancer with and without EGFR mutations in order to evaluate the response rate (RR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Among the 48 patients recruited, 24 were clinically confirmed to be EGFR mutation positive. The study group was treated with autologous NK cell immunotherapy. Comparisons of the lymphocyte number, serum tumour-related biomarkers, circulating tumour cells (CTC), Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and survival curves were carried out before and after NK cell immunotherapy. The safety and short-term effects were evaluated, followed by median PFS and RR assessments. The serum CEA and CA125 values were found lower in the NK cell therapy group than that of the non-NK treatment group (p < 0.05). The χ2 test showed a 75% RR of the study group A, significantly higher than that of the control group B (16.7%; p < 0.01). The RR of groups C (58.3%) and D (41.7%) were not statistically significant. The p values of the 4 groups were 0.012, 0.012, 0.166 and 1 from group A to group D, respectively. The median PFS was 9 months in EGFR mutation positive group undergoing NK cell infusion interference. By evaluating the changes in immune function, tumour biomarkers, CTC, KPS and PFS, we demonstrated that NK cell therapy had better clinical therapeutic effects on EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodai Hong
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
- Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
- Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
- Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Zhendong Yu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Wenbin Gao
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biotherapy and Oncology, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital (The Affiliated Luohu Hospital) of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
- Public Service Platform for Cell Quality Testing and Evaluation of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518001, China
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Ferreira IG, Carrascal M, Mineiro AG, Bugalho A, Borralho P, Silva Z, Dall'olio F, Videira PA. Carcinoembryonic antigen is a sialyl Lewis x/a carrier and an E‑selectin ligand in non‑small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2019; 55:1033-1048. [PMID: 31793656 PMCID: PMC6776192 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of distant metastasis resulting from vascular dissemination is one of the leading causes of mortality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This metastatic dissemination initiates with the adhesion of circulating cancer cells to the endothelium. The minimal requirement for the binding of leukocytes to endothelial E-selectins and subsequent transmigration is the epitope of the fucosylated glycan, sialyl Lewis x (sLex), attached to specific cell surface glycoproteins. sLex and its isomer sialyl Lewis a (sLea) have been described in NSCLC, but their functional role in cancer cell adhesion to endothelium is still poorly understood. In this study, it was hypothesised that, similarly to leukocytes, sLe glycans play a role in NSCLC cell adhesion to E-selectins. To assess this, paired tumour and normal lung tissue samples from 18 NSCLC patients were analyzed. Immunoblotting and immunohisto-chemistry assays demonstrated that tumour tissues exhibited significantly stronger reactivity with anti-sLex/sLea antibody and E-selectin chimera than normal tissues (2.2- and 1.8-fold higher, respectively), as well as a higher immunoreactive score. High sLex/sLea expression was associated with bone metastasis. The overall α1,3-fucosyltransferase (FUT) activity was increased in tumour tissues, along with the mRNA levels of FUT3, FUT6 and FUT7, whereas FUT4 mRNA expression was decreased. The expression of E-selectin ligands exhibited a weak but significant correlation with the FUT3/FUT4 and FUT7/FUT4 ratios. Additionally, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was identified in only 8 of the 18 tumour tissues; CEA-positive tissues exhibited significantly increased sLex/sLea expression. Tumour tissue areas expressing CEA also expressed sLex/sLea and showed reactivity to E-selectin. Blot rolling assays further demonstrated that CEA immunoprecipitates exhibited sustained adhesive interactions with E-selectin-expressing cells, suggesting CEA acts as a functional protein scaffold for E-selectin ligands in NSCLC. In conclusion, this work provides the first demonstration that sLex/sLea are increased in primary NSCLC due to increased α1,3-FUT activity. sLex/sLea is carried by CEA and confers the ability for NSCLC cells to bind E-selectins, and is potentially associated with bone metastasis. This study contributes to identifying potential future diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Gomes Ferreira
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna I‑40126, Italy
| | - Mylène Carrascal
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1150‑082, Portugal
| | - A Gonçalo Mineiro
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829‑516, Portugal
| | - António Bugalho
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1150‑082, Portugal
| | - Paula Borralho
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1649‑028, Portugal
| | - Zélia Silva
- UCIBIO, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829‑516, Portugal
| | - Fabio Dall'olio
- Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna I‑40126, Italy
| | - Paula A Videira
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1150‑082, Portugal
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Getzenberg RH. CANCER BIOMARKERS. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Djureinovic D, Pontén V, Landelius P, Al Sayegh S, Kappert K, Kamali-Moghaddam M, Micke P, Ståhle E. Multiplex plasma protein profiling identifies novel markers to discriminate patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:741. [PMID: 31357969 PMCID: PMC6664554 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The overall prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poor, and currently only patients with localized disease are potentially curable. Therefore, preferably non-invasively determined biomarkers that detect NSCLC patients at early stages of the disease are of high clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to identify and validate novel protein markers in plasma using the highly sensitive DNA-assisted multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA) to discriminate NSCLC from other lung diseases. Methods Plasma samples were collected from a total of 343 patients who underwent surgical resection for different lung diseases, including 144 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC), 68 patients with non-malignant lung disease, 83 patients with lung metastasis of colorectal cancers and 48 patients with typical carcinoid. One microliter of plasma was analyzed using PEA, allowing detection and quantification of 92 established cancer related proteins. The concentrations of the plasma proteins were compared between disease groups. Results The comparison between LAC and benign samples revealed significantly different plasma levels for four proteins; CXCL17, CEACAM5, VEGFR2 and ERBB3 (adjusted p-value < 0.05). A multi-parameter classifier was developed to discriminate between samples from LAC patients and from patients with non-malignant lung conditions. With a bootstrap aggregated decision tree algorithm (TreeBagger), a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 64% was achieved to detect LAC in this risk population. Conclusions By applying the highly sensitive PEA, reliable protein profiles could be determined in microliter amounts of plasma. We further identified proteins that demonstrated different plasma concentration in defined disease groups and developed a signature that holds potential to be included in a screening assay for early lung cancer detection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5943-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Djureinovic
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Victor Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Landelius
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sahar Al Sayegh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kai Kappert
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Masood Kamali-Moghaddam
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Ståhle
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Xing S, Zeng T, Xue N, He Y, Lai YZ, Li HL, Huang Q, Chen SL, Liu WL. Development and Validation of Tumor-educated Blood Platelets Integrin Alpha 2b (ITGA2B) RNA for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Non-small-cell Lung Cancer through RNA-seq. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1977-1992. [PMID: 31523198 PMCID: PMC6743295 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.36284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, there are no molecular biomarkers for the early detection of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study focused on identifying RNAs found on tumor-educated blood platelets (TEPs) for detecting stage I NSCLC. Methods: Platelet RNAs, isolated from the blood of 9 patients with NSCLC (stages I and II) and 8 healthy controls, were analyzed using RNA-seq. ITGA2B was selected as a candidate marker. Two different Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) were used to measure ITGA2B in platelet samples from healthy controls (n = 150), patients with NSCLC (n = 243), and patients with benign pulmonary nodules (n = 141) in two cohorts. Results: Platelet ITGA2B levels were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in patients with NSCLC than in all controls. The diagnostic accuracy of ITGA2B was area under the curve (AUC) of 0.922 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.892-0.952], sensitivity of 92.8%, and specificity of 78.6% in the test cohort and 0.888, 91.2%, and 56.5% in the validation cohort for NSCLC by quantitative real time PCR (q-PCR). Furthermore, ITGA2B maintained diagnostic accuracy for patients with NSCLC using Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) and the other type of internal control, Ribosomal Protein L32 (RPL32) [ddPCR: 0.967 (0.929-1.000) and RPL32: 0.847(0.773-0.920)]. A nomogram incorporating ITGA2B, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and stage could predict the overall survival (C-index = 0.756). Conclusions: TEP ITGA2B is a promising marker to improve identification of patients with stage I NSCLC and differentiate malignant from benign lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Ning Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou 450100, P. R. China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Yan-zhen Lai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Hui-lan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Shu-lin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Wan-li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
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Balashova EE, Lokhov PG, Ponomarenko EA, Markin SS, Lisitsa AV, Archakov AI. Metabolomic diagnostics and human digital image. Per Med 2019; 16:133-144. [PMID: 30767631 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The existing clinical laboratory practice has limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis, making the introduction of new methods in medicine more topical. Application of 'omics' technologies, especially metabolomics, allows overcoming these limitations. The composition of blood metabolites reflects the physical state of an organism at the molecular level. The analysis of blood metabolome can serve as effective means of diagnosis, implementation of which in healthcare is timely and relevant. This paper demonstrates the versatility of metabolomic diagnostics, its applicability to various diseases. We discussed the standard of human digital image, which includes the metabolomic data sufficient to make an accurate assessment of general health and carry out precision diagnostics of a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena E Balashova
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr G Lokhov
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Ponomarenko
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia.,PostGenTech LLC, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey S Markin
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Lisitsa
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander I Archakov
- Department of Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya st 10, 119121, Moscow, Russia
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Chang YF, Huang YQ, Wu KM, Jou AFJ, Shih NY, Ho JAA. Diagnosing the RGS11 Lung Cancer Biomarker: The Integration of Competitive Immunoassay and Isothermal Nucleic Acid Exponential Amplification Reaction. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3327-3335. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Feng Chang
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Qi Huang
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Wu
- Chest Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 25160, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei 25245, Taiwan
| | - Amily Fang-Ju Jou
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Neng-Yao Shih
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaoshiung, Taiwan
| | - Ja-an Annie Ho
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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21
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Niu L, Song X, Wang N, Xue L, Song X, Xie L. Tumor-derived exosomal proteins as diagnostic biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 110:433-442. [PMID: 30407700 PMCID: PMC6317937 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports a role for exosomal protein in diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to identify the tumor‐derived exosomal biomarkers in the serum that improve the diagnostic value in Chinese non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Serum exosomes were isolated from healthy donors (n = 46) and NSCLC patients (n = 125) by ultracentrifugation and were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, qNano, and immunoblotting. Proteomic profiles (by mass spectrometry) revealed multiple differentially expressed proteins in the healthy and NSCLC groups. The exosomal expression levels of alpha‐2‐HS‐glycoprotein (AHSG) and extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) increased significantly in the NSCLC patients compared to the healthy group. Alpha‐2‐HS‐glycoprotein showed diagnostic values with a maximum area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) as 0.736 for NSCLC vs healthy individuals (P < .0001) and 0.682 for early stage NSCLC vs healthy individuals (P < .01). Extracellular matrix protein 1 showed the diagnostic capacity with AUC values of 0.683 (P < .001) and 0.656 (P < .05) in cancer and early stage NSCLC compared to healthy individuals. When AHSG was combined with ECM1, the AUCs were 0.795 and 0.739 in NSCLC and early stage patients, respectively. Taken together, the combination of AHSG, ECM1, and carcinoembryonic antigen improved the diagnostic potential of NSCLC. The diagnosis values were AUC of 0.938 for NSCLC and 0.911 for early stage NSCLC vs healthy individuals. Our results suggest that novel proteomic signatures found in serum exosomes of NSCLC patients show potential usefulness as diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Niu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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22
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Identifying the Best Marker Combination in CEA, CA125, CY211, NSE, and SCC for Lung Cancer Screening by Combining ROC Curve and Logistic Regression Analyses: Is It Feasible? DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:2082840. [PMID: 30364165 PMCID: PMC6188592 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2082840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The detection of serum biomarkers can aid in the diagnosis of lung cancer. In recent years, an increasing number of lung cancer markers have been identified, and these markers have been reported to have varying diagnostic values. A method to compare the diagnostic value of different combinations of biomarkers needs to be established to identify the best combination. In this study, automatic chemiluminescence analyzers were employed to detect the serum concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CY211), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) in 780 healthy subjects, 650 patients with pneumonia, and 633 patients with lung cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were also used to evaluate the diagnostic value of single and multiple markers of lung cancer. The sensitivities of the five markers alone were lower than 65% for lung cancer screening in healthy subjects and pneumonia patients. SCC was of little value in screening lung cancer. After combining two or more markers, the areas under the curves (AUCs) did not increase with the increase in the number of markers. For healthy subjects, the best marker for lung cancer screening was the combination CEA + CA125, and the positive cutoff range was 0.577 CEA + 0.035 CA125 > 2.084. Additionally, for patients with pneumonia, the best screening markers displayed differences in terms of sex but not age. The best screening marker for male patients with pneumonia was the combination CEA + CY211 with a positive cutoff range of 0.008 CEA + 0.068 CY211 > 0.237, while that for female patients with pneumonia was CEA > 2.73 ng/mL, which could be regarded as positive. These results showed that a two-marker combination is more suitable than a multimarker combination for the serological screening of tumors. Combined ROC curve and logistic regression analyses are effective for identifying the best markers for lung cancer screening.
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23
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Lin YP, Wu JI, Tseng CW, Chen HJ, Wang LH. Gjb4 serves as a novel biomarker for lung cancer and promotes metastasis and chemoresistance via Src activation. Oncogene 2018; 38:822-837. [PMID: 30177841 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed late with metastasis, which is the major cause of cancer-related death and recurrent tumors that often exhibit chemoresistance. In the present study, we initially identified gap junction beta-4 protein (Gjb4) to be overexpressed in highly metastatic cancer cells selected by their enhanced binding to serum components. Overexpression or knockdown of Gjb4 increased or decreased lung metastasis of syngeneic mice, respectively. We found that Gjb4 expression was higher in lung tumors than normal tissues (p = 0.0026), and Gjb4 levels in blood buffy coat samples showed significant performance in diagnosing stage I-III (p = 0.002814) and stage IV (p < 0.0001) lung cancer. Moreover, high Gjb4 expression levels were correlated with poor prognosis (p = 1.4e-4) and recurrence (p = 1.9e-12). Using syngeneic mouse model, we observed that Gjb4 was able to promote tumor growth. High molecular weight serum fraction containing the major growth factor component IGF1 was able to induce Gjb4 via PKC pathway. Gjb4 activated Src signaling via MET, and overexpression of Gjb4 enhanced sphere-forming ability and anchorage-independent growth, which were reversed by inhibition of Src. In addition, we demonstrated that Gjb4-mediated Src activation enhanced chemoresistance of cancer cells toward gemcitabine and etoposide. The combination of Gjb4 knockdown, gemcitabine, and dasatinib further enhanced the inhibition of cancer cell viability. Together, our study has identified Gjb4 as a potential novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. Targeting Gjb4 may be exploited as a modality for improving lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pei Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-I Wu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Tseng
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Jane Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Hai Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan. .,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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24
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Zhang F, Wang J, Zheng X, Hu L, Chen J, Jiang F, Wang Y. Clinical value of jointly detection pleural fluid Midkine, pleural fluid adenosine deaminase, and pleural fluid carbohydrate antigen 125 in the identification of nonsmall cell lung cancer-associated malignant pleural effusion. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22576. [PMID: 29797475 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Midkine (MK) level has been shown to be elevated in serum of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the diagnostic value of MK in pleural effusion in NSCLC has not been well validated and established. METHODS Samples of NSCLC-associated malignant pleural effusions (MPE) and benign effusions (BPE) were collected. The pleural fluid MK (pMK), pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (pADA), pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), pleural fluid glucose (pGLU), pleural fluid ferritin (pFER), pleural fluid CA199 (pCA199), pleural fluid CA125 (pCA125), pleural effusion white cell count (pWBC), and pleural effusion red cell count (pRBC) were analyzed, and the clinical data of each group were collected for statistical analysis. RESULT The level of pMK, pCA125, pMK + pCA125, and pMK + pCA125 + pADA in the MPE was significantly higher than the BPE group (P = .003, .000, .000, .000). The pADA level in the BPE was significantly higher than the MPE group (P = .003). It showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.816) of jointly detection pMK, pCA125, and pADA was significantly higher than other markers for the diagnosis of MPE. Therefore, joint detection of pMK + pCA125 + pADA suggested that the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC was 82.54%, 74.19% at the cutoff 0.47 and diagnostic performance was higher than others. CONCLUSION Joint detection of pMK + pCA125 + pADA can be used as a good indicator for the identification of MPE of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of ICU, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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25
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Wang X, Zhi X, Yang Z, Tian H, Li Y, Li M, Zhao W, Zhang C, Wang T, Liu J, Shen D, Zheng C, Zhao D, Yang S, Qi J, Xin H, Stojadinovic A, Avital I, Lee LJ, Rao J, Zhang W. A novel serum based biomarker panel has complementary ability to preclude presence of early lung cancer for low dose CT (LDCT). Oncotarget 2018; 8:45345-45355. [PMID: 28514755 PMCID: PMC5542191 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low Dosage Computerized Tomography (LDCT) has been shown to improve early detection of lung cancer and mortality rates in high-risk individuals, which was, however, limited by specifically coverage for heavy smokers and high rates of false positivity. Here, we aim to investigate a novel biomarker for early detection of lung cancer, and further extend to concentrate high-risk subjects for increasing specificity and coverage of LDCT. We performed retrospective blinded evaluation of lung cancer and healthy controls in training and validation cohorts. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) alone and panel were assessed. Our data showed the sensitivity of MIC-1 was 72.2% and 67.1% for lung cancer diagnosis and early diagnosis respectively, at 96.6% specificity, which were significantly higher than Cyfra21-1, NSE CA125, CEA and SCC. At 90% specificity, the panel of MIC-1, Cyfra21-1, CA125 and CEA provided 89.5% sensitivity for early diagnosis of lung cancer, which could be used to concentrate the high-risk subjects for further LDCT screening. We conclude that MIC-1 have great capacity in early lung cancer diagnosis. The algorithmic panel of MIC-1, Cyfra21-1, CA125 and CEA could be used to refine the preselection criteria of high-risk subjects, and thus might facilitate the widespread implementation of LDCT screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiuyi Zhi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haimei Tian
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mo Li
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenya Zhao
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Teng Wang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Di Shen
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cuining Zheng
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jun Qi
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongwu Xin
- The First Peoples' Hospital of Jingzhou City, The First Hospital and Clinical Medical School of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, PR China.,Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Yangtze University, Huber, PR China
| | | | | | - L James Lee
- NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianyu Rao
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Tumor Marker Research Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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26
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Terlizzi M, Colarusso C, De Rosa I, De Rosa N, Somma P, Curcio C, Sanduzzi A, Micheli P, Molino A, Saccomanno A, Salvi R, Aquino RP, Pinto A, Sorrentino R. Circulating and tumor-associated caspase-4: a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19356-19367. [PMID: 29721208 PMCID: PMC5922402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Late diagnosis limits therapeutic options and survival rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Therefore the identification of biomarkers represents an emerging medical need. A highly sensitive and specific test was developed to identify/quantify a novel/selective diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC patients, caspase-4. This test was validated by using i) plasma from 125 NSCLC patients and 79 healthy (non-pathological) subjects, ii) plasma from 139 smokers and iii) from 70 chronic-obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Caspase-4 quantification was also assessed in the lung tumor mass of 98 paired NSCLC patients compared to 10 non-tumor lung tissues (i.e. tuberculosis). Circulating caspase-4 was detected in both healthy and NSCLC patients; however at different range values: 2.603–3.372 ng/ml for NSCLC patients (95% CI) compared to 0.3994-0.6219 ng/ml for healthy subjects (95% CI). The sensitivity of the test ranged from 97.07% to 100%; the specificity was 88.1% with a positive predictive value of 92.54%, accuracy of 95.19% and AUC of 0.971. Smokers (95% CI, 0.3947–0.6197 ng/ml) and COPD patients (95% CI, 1.703–2.995 ng/ml) showed intermediate values of circulating caspase-4. Tissue levels of caspase-4 in the tumor mass showed that 72 (72.7%) out of 99 patients were positive. More importantly, higher levels (cut-off value = 0.307 ng/ml) of caspase-4 in the tumor mass were associated to reduced overall survival (median 0.92 years) compared to NSCLC patients with lower levels (median 3.02 years). We report for the first time caspase-4 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, opening new therapeutic perspectives for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Terlizzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Chiara Colarusso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy.,PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Ilaria De Rosa
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolina De Rosa
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Somma
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Curcio
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sanduzzi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Division, University of Naples Federico II, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Pietro Micheli
- Anatomy and Pathology Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Division, University of Naples Federico II, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Antonello Saccomanno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rosario Salvi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Ospedale dei Colli, AORN, "Monaldi", Naples, Italy
| | - Rita P Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Aldo Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Sorrentino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, ImmunePharma S.r.l., Fisciano, SA, Italy
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27
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Zhang C, Leng W, Sun C, Lu T, Chen Z, Men X, Wang Y, Wang G, Zhen B, Qin J. Urine Proteome Profiling Predicts Lung Cancer from Control Cases and Other Tumors. EBioMedicine 2018; 30:120-128. [PMID: 29576497 PMCID: PMC5952250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of noninvasive, reliable biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis has many clinical benefits knowing that most of lung cancer patients are diagnosed at the late stage. For this purpose, we conducted proteomic analyses of 231 human urine samples in healthy individuals (n = 33), benign pulmonary diseases (n = 40), lung cancer (n = 33), bladder cancer (n = 17), cervical cancer (n = 25), colorectal cancer (n = 22), esophageal cancer (n = 14), and gastric cancer (n = 47) patients collected from multiple medical centers. By random forest modeling, we nominated a list of urine proteins that could separate lung cancers from other cases. With a feature selection algorithm, we selected a panel of five urinary biomarkers (FTL: Ferritin light chain; MAPK1IP1L: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 Interacting Protein 1 Like; FGB: Fibrinogen Beta Chain; RAB33B: RAB33B, Member RAS Oncogene Family; RAB15: RAB15, Member RAS Oncogene Family) and established a combinatorial model that can correctly classify the majority of lung cancer cases both in the training set (n = 46) and the test sets (n = 14–47 per set) with an AUC ranging from 0.8747 to 0.9853. A combination of five urinary biomarkers not only discriminates lung cancer patients from control groups but also differentiates lung cancer from other common tumors. The biomarker panel and the predictive model, when validated by more samples in a multi-center setting, may be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool along with imaging technology for lung cancer detection. A case-control study of biomarker discovery for lung cancer diagnosis was conducted. Human urine profiles in control cases and cancers were characterized. A list of candidate biomarkers was nominated and evaluated. A panel of urinary biomarkers was established and tumor-specificity was evaluated.
Cancer diagnosis with a noninvasive method at the early stage of the disease is highly desirable. Here, we analyzed hundreds of human urine samples from healthy individuals, patients with benign pulmonary diseases, and 6 types of cancers by proteomics and developed a panel of five urinary proteins that can separate the lung cancer from benign pulmonary diseases as well as the other 5 cancers (bladder, cervical, colorectal, esophageal and gastric) with a good sensitivity and disease specificity. Further validation experiments with expanded sample numbers are required to investigate whether this method can be applied in a clinical setting for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchao Zhang
- Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenchuan Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Changqing Sun
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Tianyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhengang Chen
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Xuebo Men
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China; Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China.
| | - Bei Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China.
| | - Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing 102206, China; Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Tianjin, Baodi Hospital, Tianjin 301800, China; Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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28
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Ma R, Xu H, Wu J, Sharma A, Bai S, Dun B, Jing C, Cao H, Wang Z, She JX, Feng J. Identification of serum proteins and multivariate models for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18901-18913. [PMID: 28121629 PMCID: PMC5386656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers and has very poor treatment outcome. Biomarkers useful for screening and assessing early therapeutic response may significantly improve the therapeutic outcome but are still lacking. In this study, serum samples from 218 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, 34 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and 171 matched healthy controls from China were analyzed for 11 proteins using the Luminex multiplex assay. Eight of the 11 proteins (OPN, SAA, CRP, CYFRA21.1, CEA, NSE, AGP and HGF) are significantly elevated in NSCLC and SCLC (p = 10−5−10−59). At the individual protein level, OPN has the best diagnostic value for NSCLC (AUC = 0.92), two acute phase proteins (SAA and CRP) have AUC near 0.83, while CEA and CYFRA21.1 also possess good AUC (0.81 and 0.77, respectively). More importantly, several three-protein combinations that contain OPN and CEA plus one of four proteins (CRP, SAA, CYFRA21.1 or NSE) have excellent diagnostic potential for NSCLC (AUC = 0.96). Four proteins (CYFRA21.1, CRP, SAA and NSE) are severely reduced and three proteins (OPN, MIF and NSE) are moderately decreased after platinum-based chemotherapy. Therapeutic response index (TRI) computed with 3–5 proteins suggests that approximately 25% of the NSCLC patients respond well to the therapy and TRI is significantly correlated with pre-treatment protein levels. Our data suggest that therapeutic response in NSCLC patients can be effectively measured but personalized biomarkers may be needed to monitor different subsets of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Jiangsu Province Institute of Materia Medica, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Shan Bai
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Boying Dun
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Changwen Jing
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Haixia Cao
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
| | - Jin-Xiong She
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital Cancer Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
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Circulating microRNA-214 and -126 as potential biomarkers for canine neoplastic disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2301. [PMID: 28536479 PMCID: PMC5442106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs in the blood may provide diagnostic and prognostic information about canine neoplastic diseases, and their profiles may be conserved between human and canine species. We performed RT-qPCR to obtain the profiles of circulating plasma microRNA-214 and -126 in total 181 cases of canine neoplastic diseases and healthy controls. MicroRNA-214 levels were high in 2 epithelial tumours (thyroid and mammary carcinomas) and 4 non-epithelial tumours (osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and hemangiosarcoma). In contrast, microRNA-126 levels were high in 6 epithelial tumours (mammary, hepatocellular, squamous cell, thyroid, transitional cell carcinomas, and adenocarcinoma) and 4 non-epithelial tumours (osteosarcoma, mast cell tumour, melanoma, and hemangiosarcoma). The diagnostic potential of microRNA-214 was relatively high in sarcomas, whereas that of microR-126 was high in most types of the tumours. MicroRNA-214 and -126 were prognostic predictors in 2 groups (adenocarcinoma and non-epithelial tumours except for osteosarcoma) and 3 groups (epithelial tumours, adenocarcinoma, and melanoma), respectively. Additionally, the microRNA levels did not show a strong correlation with the other clinical parameters. In conclusion, circulating microRNA-214 and -126 have the potential to be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for canine neoplastic diseases. Furthermore, their profiles may be key references as well for exploring novel biomarkers for human cancers.
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History, molecular features, and clinical importance of conventional serum biomarkers in lung cancer. Surg Today 2017; 47:1037-1059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-017-1477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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WANG CHAO, SU HAI, YANG LIN, HUANG KUN. INTEGRATIVE ANALYSIS FOR LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA PREDICTS MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES ASSOCIATED WITH GENETIC VARIATIONS. PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON BIOCOMPUTING. PACIFIC SYMPOSIUM ON BIOCOMPUTING 2017; 22:82-93. [PMID: 27896964 PMCID: PMC5360185 DOI: 10.1142/9789813207813_0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most deadly cancers and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological type of lung cancer. However, LUAD is highly heterogeneous due to genetic difference as well as phenotypic differences such as cellular and tissue morphology. In this paper, we systematically examine the relationships between histological features and gene transcription. Specifically, we calculated 283 morphological features from histology images for 201 LUAD patients from TCGA project and identified the morphological feature with strong correlation with patient outcome. We then modeled the morphology feature using multiple co-expressed gene clusters using Lasso-regression. Many of the gene clusters are highly associated with genetic variations, specifically DNA copy number variations, implying that genetic variations play important roles in the development cancer morphology. As far as we know, our finding is the first to directly link the genetic variations and functional genomics to LUAD histology. These observations will lead to new insight on lung cancer development and potential new integrative biomarkers for prediction patient prognosis and response to treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHAO WANG
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA,
| | - HAI SU
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainsville, Florida, 32611, USA,
| | - LIN YANG
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainsville, Florida, 32611, USA,
| | - KUN HUANG
- Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, US,
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Clinical evaluation and therapeutic monitoring value of serum tumor markers in lung cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e80-7. [PMID: 26560853 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor markers CYFRA21-1, CEA, NSE, CA125, pro-GRP and SCC are routinely used for lung cancer. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of these markers in the same cohort. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring value of these markers. METHODS The levels of 6 serum tumor markers were measured in 392 patients, including 308 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 84 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 116 patients with benign lung diseases and 144 healthy controls. 34 patients were followed up after operation and chemotherapy. Multiple logistic models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate their diagnostic value. RESULTS CEA, NSE, CA125 and pro-GRP in SCLC, and CYFRA21-1 as well as CEA in NSCLC, were higher than those in control groups. The level of CEA and CA125 were related to the clinical stages of NSCLC. Pro-GRP was significantly increased in extensive disease (ED) compared with limited disease (LD) in SCLC. CYFRA21-1 was reduced after the third and fifth treatment cycle respectively in patients who undergoing operation and without operation. NSE and pro-GRP were reduced significantly after the second and third treatment cycles, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CEA, NSE, CA125 and pro-GRP could serve as biomarkers for SCLC, and CEA and CYFRA21-1 could serve as biomarkers for NSCLC. Pro-GRP, CA125 and CEA were related to the clinical stages of lung cancer. CYFRA21-1, NSE and pro-GRP could be used for monitoring the effect of chemotherapy.
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Doseeva V, Colpitts T, Gao G, Woodcock J, Knezevic V. Performance of a multiplexed dual analyte immunoassay for the early detection of non-small cell lung cancer. J Transl Med 2015; 13:55. [PMID: 25880432 PMCID: PMC4335536 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0419-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES "PAULA's" test (Protein Assays Utilizing Lung cancer Analytes) is a novel multiplex immunoassay blood test that incorporates both tumor antigens and autoantibodies to determine the risk that lung cancer (LC) is present in individuals from a high-risk population. The test's performance characteristics were evaluated in a study using 380 retrospective clinical serum samples. METHODS PAULA's test is performed on the Luminex xMAP technology platform, and detects a panel of 3 tumor antigens (CEA, CA-125, and CYFRA 21-1) and 1 autoantibody marker (NY-ESO-1). A training set (n = 230) consisting of 115 confirmed diagnoses of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cases and 115 age- and smoking history-matched controls was used to develop the LC predictive model. Data from an independent matched validation set (n = 150) was then used to evaluate the model developed, and determine the ability of the test to distinguish NSCLC cases from controls. RESULTS The 4-biomarker panel was able to discriminate NSCLC cases from controls with 74% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 0.81 AUC in the training set and with 77% sensitivity, 80% specificity, and 0.85 AUC in the independent validation set. The use of NY-ESO-1 autoantibodies substantially increased the overall sensitivity of NSCLC detection as compared to the 3 tumor markers alone. Overall, the multiplexed 4-biomarker panel assay demonstrated comparable performance to a previously employed 8-biomarker non-multiplexed assay. CONCLUSIONS These studies confirm the value of using a mixed panel of tumor antigens and autoantibodies in the early detection of NSCLC in high-risk individuals. The results demonstrate that the performance of PAULA's test makes it suitable for use as an aid to determine which high-risk patients need to be directed to appropriate noninvasive diagnostic follow-up testing, especially low-dose CT (LDCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Doseeva
- 20/20 GeneSystems, 9430 Key West Avenue, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Tracey Colpitts
- Abbott Molecular Inc, 1300 E Touhy Avenue, Des Plaines, IL, 60018, USA.
| | - Grace Gao
- 20/20 GeneSystems, 9430 Key West Avenue, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
| | - Juliana Woodcock
- 20/20 GeneSystems, 9430 Key West Avenue, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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Kim YJ, Sertamo K, Pierrard MA, Mesmin C, Kim SY, Schlesser M, Berchem G, Domon B. Verification of the biomarker candidates for non-small-cell lung cancer using a targeted proteomics approach. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:1412-9. [PMID: 25597550 DOI: 10.1021/pr5010828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer, with its high metastatic potential and high mortality rate, is the worldwide leading cause of cancer-related deaths. High-throughput "omics"-based platforms have accelerated the discovery of biomarkers for lung cancer, and the resulting candidates are to be evaluated for their diagnostic potential as noninvasive biomarkers. The evaluation of the biomarker candidates involves the quantitative measurement of large numbers of proteins in bodily fluids using advanced mass spectrometric techniques. In this study, a robust pipeline based on targeted proteomics was developed for biomarker verification in plasma samples and applied to verifying lung cancer biomarker candidates. Highly multiplexed liquid chromatrography-selected reaction monitoring (LC-SRM) assays for 95 potential tumor markers for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were generated to screen plasma samples obtained from 72, early to late stage, patients. A total of 17 proteins were verified as potent tumor markers detectable in plasma and, where available, verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). A novel plasma-based biomarker, zyxin, fulfilled the criteria for a potential early diagnostic marker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeoun Jin Kim
- Luxembourg Clinical Proteomics Center, Luxembourg Institute of Health , Strassen L-1445, Luxembourg
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Keshavarz M, Behpour M, Rafiee-pour HA. Recent trends in electrochemical microRNA biosensors for early detection of cancer. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01726b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Dowling P, Pollard D, Larkin A, Henry M, Meleady P, Gately K, O'Byrne K, Barr MP, Lynch V, Ballot J, Crown J, Moriarty M, O'Brien E, Morgan R, Clynes M. Abnormal levels of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) in tumour tissue and blood samples from patients diagnosed with lung cancer. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 11:743-52. [PMID: 25483567 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00384e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common type of cancer in the world and is the most common cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. Research into causes, prevention and treatment of lung cancer is ongoing and much progress has been made recently in these areas, however survival rates have not significantly improved. Therefore, it is essential to develop biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung cancer, prediction of metastasis and evaluation of treatment efficiency, as well as using these molecules to provide some understanding about tumour biology and translate highly promising findings in basic science research to clinical application. In this investigation, two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were initially used to analyse conditioned media from a panel of lung cancer and normal bronchial epithelial cell lines. Significant proteins were identified with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1), pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), Hsc-70 interacting protein and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) selected for analysis in serum from healthy individuals and lung cancer patients. hnRNPA2B1, PKM2 and LDHA were found to be statistically significant in all comparisons. Tissue analysis and knockdown of hnRNPA2B1 using siRNA subsequently demonstrated both the overexpression and potential role for this molecule in lung tumorigenesis. The data presented highlights a number of in vitro derived candidate biomarkers subsequently verified in patient samples and also provides some insight into their roles in the complex intracellular mechanisms associated with tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Liang Y, Ma T, Thakur A, Yu H, Gao L, Shi P, Li X, Ren H, Jia L, Zhang S, Li Z, Chen M. Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of α-1-antitrypsin as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Glycobiology 2014; 25:331-40. [PMID: 25347993 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignancy worldwide. Thus, there is a critical need for diagnostic biomarkers with adequate sensitivity and specificity for lung cancer detection. Glycans in glycoproteins are significantly altered in cancer, and may serve as a tool for identifying potential diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have reported changes in α-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) glycosylation in lung cancer serum, tissue and cell lines. In this study, a lectin microarray was used to detect glycosylation changes in serum A1AT from patients with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and benign pulmonary diseases. Differentially expressed glycosylated patterns of A1AT were identified by lectin arrays and were confirmed by lectin-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707). The present study indicates that glycosylated patterns of A1AT may serve as potential biomarkers for detection of lung cancer. Further studies in larger sample sizes are necessary to validate the clinical utility of these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Tianran Ma
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Asmitananda Thakur
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Puyu Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xuetian Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Street, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Street, Xi'an 710061, PR China
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Biaoxue R, Shuanying Y, Wei L, Zongjuan M, Xiguang C, Qiuhong Z. Co-overexpression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 with a significantly positive correlation contributes to the diagnosis of lung cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 14:1067-79. [PMID: 25300907 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.960517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hsp90-β and annexin A1 have been demonstrated to be associated with tumorigenesis. However, the effect of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in lung cancer remains poorly understood. In this research, the correlation of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 in lung cancer patients were analyzed. METHODS The expression levels of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 were examined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. RESULTS Lung cancer tissues and serum exhibited higher co-expression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 than control groups (p < 0.05). Hsp90-β and annexin A1 could discriminate lung cancer from the control groups (sensitivity of Hsp90-β was 80.2% in tissues and 96% in serum; specificity of Hsp90-β was 80% in tissues and 83.33% in serum; sensitivity of annexin A1 was 68.76% in tissues and 95.23% in serum; specificity of annexin A1 was 75% in tissues and 85.7% in serum) and multi-index combined detection had a better diagnostic value. CONCLUSION The expression levels of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 positively correlated and such co-overexpression of Hsp90-β and annexin A1 contributed to lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157, Xi 5 Road, Xi'an 710004, P.R. China
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Xu RH, Liao CZ, Luo Y, Xu WL, Li K, Chen JX, Huang YF, Chen YC, Zhu L, Yuan WB. Optimal cut-off values for CYFRA 21-1 expression in NSCLC patients depend on the presence of benign pulmonary diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 440:188-92. [PMID: 25304744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum cytokeratin fragment 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) expression levels are reported to be useful in the diagnosis of lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the clinical value of CYFRA 21-1 as a tumor marker remains unclear, and no optimal cut-off value has been determined thus far. The purpose of this study was to establish a potential clinical cut-off value for serum CYFRA 21-1 as a diagnostic marker in patients with NSCLC. METHODS A total of 90 patients with NSCLC, 237 patients with benign pulmonary disease (BPD), and 1296 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Among BPD there are 84 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 81 with pneumonia, 38 with tuberculosis and 34 with chronic bronchitis. CYFRA 21-1 was measured in sera with an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) E170 analyzer. Comparisons were conducted using the chi-squared test and the Mann-Whitney test (two-sided). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to investigate the diagnostic power of CYFRA 21-1 expression, and the recommended cut-off value was chosen to calculate its sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS The cut-off values of CYFRA 21-1 in NSCLC by the ROC curve were 4.70 ng/mL when compared with COPD, which was obviously greater than that found with pneumonia (2.79 ng/mL) (P<0.05), tuberculosis (2.66 ng/mL) (P<0.05), and chronic bronchitis (3.94 ng/mL) (P<0.05) patients. Therefore, a cut-off value of 4.24 ng/mL in NSCLC was suggested. CONCLUSIONS The presence of various BPDs may be one of the main reasons that no optimal cut-off value for CYFRA 21-1 expression in NSCLC has been determined previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huan Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Zhen Liao
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Li Xu
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Xia Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Feng Huang
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Lei Zhu
- Zhunyi Medical College, Guizhou, China
| | - Wen Bin Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Li XJ, Hayward C, Fong PY, Dominguez M, Hunsucker SW, Lee LW, McLean M, Law S, Butler H, Schirm M, Gingras O, Lamontagne J, Allard R, Chelsky D, Price ND, Lam S, Massion PP, Pass H, Rom WN, Vachani A, Fang KC, Hood L, Kearney P. A blood-based proteomic classifier for the molecular characterization of pulmonary nodules. Sci Transl Med 2014; 5:207ra142. [PMID: 24132637 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3007013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Each year, millions of pulmonary nodules are discovered by computed tomography and subsequently biopsied. Because most of these nodules are benign, many patients undergo unnecessary and costly invasive procedures. We present a 13-protein blood-based classifier that differentiates malignant and benign nodules with high confidence, thereby providing a diagnostic tool to avoid invasive biopsy on benign nodules. Using a systems biology strategy, we identified 371 protein candidates and developed a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assay for each. The MRM assays were applied in a three-site discovery study (n = 143) on plasma samples from patients with benign and stage IA lung cancer matched for nodule size, age, gender, and clinical site, producing a 13-protein classifier. The classifier was validated on an independent set of plasma samples (n = 104), exhibiting a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%. Validation performance on samples from a nondiscovery clinical site showed an NPV of 94%, indicating the general effectiveness of the classifier. A pathway analysis demonstrated that the classifier proteins are likely modulated by a few transcription regulators (NF2L2, AHR, MYC, and FOS) that are associated with lung cancer, lung inflammation, and oxidative stress networks. The classifier score was independent of patient nodule size, smoking history, and age, which are risk factors used for clinical management of pulmonary nodules. Thus, this molecular test provides a potential complementary tool to help physicians in lung cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-jun Li
- Integrated Diagnostics, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Lee SH, Lee JS, Lee EJ, Min KH, Hur GY, Lee SH, Lee SY, Kim JH, Lee SY, Shin C, Shim JJ, Kang KH, In KH. Serum reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) as a potential diagnostic biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:175-81. [PMID: 24951318 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (Romo1) is a novel protein that localizes in the mitochondrial membrane and induces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Romo1 is increased in most cancer cell lines and is related with resistance to chemotherapy in vitro. However, data on its expression in patients with malignancy is very limited. We evaluated the usefulness of serum Romo1 as a potential diagnostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We initially assessed the expression of Romo1 using Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in paired lung tissue and serum specimen from NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection. Then we evaluated and compared serum Romo1 level in a healthy population (n=55), patients with benign lung diseases (n=63) and NSCLC patients (n=58). We explored the correlation between Romo1 expression and clinical parameters and assessed diagnostic performance of serum Romo1 for NSCLC using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Romo1 expression in lung cancer tissues was significantly increased compared with non-tumorous tissues (p<0.001). Romo1 expression in cancer tissues positively correlated with that in serum (r=0.68, p=0.009). Serum Romo1 level in NSCLC patients significantly increased compared with that of healthy population or patients with benign lung diseases (both p<0.001). ROC curve analysis using an optimal cutoff value of 329.7 pg/mL revealed sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of NSCLC of 81.9% and 89.8%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.847 (95% confidence interval: 0.789-0.892, p<0.001). Serum Romo1 level was not related with age, gender, smoking status, tumor differentiation, histological type or stage. CONCLUSIONS Serum Romo1 discriminated NSCLC patients from the population without cancer with considerable sensitivity and specificity. Serum Romo1 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyeun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, KEPCO Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Biostatistical Consulting Unit, Sunchunhyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Young Hur
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Heon Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Hyeong Kim
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yeub Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Shim
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kang
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ho In
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Gao F, Chang J, Wang H, Zhang G. Potential diagnostic value of miR-155 in serum from lung adenocarcinoma patients. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:351-7. [PMID: 24190459 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are stably detectable in plasma/serum. The expression profile of miR-21 and miR-155 was evaluated in the present study, since miR-21 is frequently reported as highly expressed in several types of cancers, while miR-155 was also found to be significantly expressed in lung cancer cell lines. Using in vitro studies, we found that miR-155 could be a candidate plasmatic biomarker for diagnosing lung cancer. We assessed the differences in levels of miR-21, miR-155, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) expression in serum samples between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. We estimating the clinical diagnostic value of miR-155 independently and combined with CA-125 and/or CEA levels. The present study consisted of three parts: i) confirmation of the stable expression of miR-155 in the patient serum samples using quantitative PCR; ii) confirmation of higher miR-155, CEA and CA-125 levels in the patient serum samples when compared with levels in the normal controls by quantitative PCR; iii) evaluation of miR-155, CEA and CA-125 concentrations in serum sampes for tumor diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma via ROC (receiver-operating characteristic) analysis. The results showed that i) expression of miR-155 was significantly higher in the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients than that in normal controls (P<0.05); ii) testing results of serum miR-155 levels showed a much higher sensitivity (0.722) than that for CA-125 or CEA; iii) CEA associated with CA-125 had the highest Youden's index (0.639) in all terms of combinations; and iv) combined with CA-125 testing, miR-155 received a competitive sensitivity (0.889) and specificity (0.688) for diagnosing lung adenocarcinoma (OOP=14.88). In conclusion, endogenous miR-155 stably existed in patient serum and could be sensitively and specifically measured. Overexpression of miR-155 in serum specimens could constitute a diagnostic marker for the early detection of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Pang L, Wang J, Jiang Y, Chen L. Decreased levels of serum cytokeratin 19 fragment CYFRA 21-1 predict objective response to chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2013; 6:355-360. [PMID: 24137188 PMCID: PMC3786728 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic tools capable of predicting early responses to chemotherapy are required to improve the individual management of cancer patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the serum tumor markers CYFRA 21-1, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, and CA 19-9 for predicting responses to different chemotherapy regimens in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 276 patients with postoperative stage I–IV NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed. The five tumor markers were measured before and after at least two cycles of chemotherapy using an electrochemiluminescent assay. Multivariate analysis revealed that performance status, age, postoperative stage and surgery were significantly associated with the response to chemotherapy. High baseline CYFRA 21-1 and CA 19-9 levels were associated with poor effectiveness of chemotherapy. Significant reductions in CYFRA 21-1 levels were associated with a positive response to various chemotherapy regimens. CEA, CA 125 and CA 19-9 expression was only associated with a positive response in patients receiving paclitaxel, docetaxel, pemetrexed and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). NSE expression was only associated with a positive response to gemcitabine. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that CYFRA 21-1 is the most sensitive of the tumor markers in predicting the response to chemotherapy. Serum CYFRA 21-1 is a useful surrogate marker for predicting the response to different chemotherapy regimens used to treat NSCLC and is a more sensitive marker than CEA, CA125, CA19-9 and NSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853
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Tang Y, Xu L. Superiority and clinical significance of Lunx mRNA in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion caused by pulmonary carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2013; 32:37. [PMID: 23759037 PMCID: PMC3681715 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary carcinoma is the main cause of malignant pleural effusions (MPEs). However, there is no satisfactory marker for diagnosing MPEs caused by pulmonary carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical significance of Lunx mRNA detection in diagnosing MPEs caused by pulmonary carcinoma. Methods A total of 209 patients with pleural effusions were recruited. The patients were diagnosed by cast-off cells, bronchoscopy, and pleural biopsy. The levels of Lunx mRNA in the pleural effusions were determined by real-time PCR. The levels of PH, LDH, glucose, albumin, and CEA were also determined. Patients who accepted chemotherapy underwent Lunx mRNA detection before and after the first chemotherapy session. The patients were divided into four groups according the effect of chemotherapy: complete remission (CR), partial remission (PR), no change (NC), and progressive disease (PD). The patients were also divided into two groups according the change in direction of Lunx mRNA expression after chemotherapy: increased group and decreased group. The patients were followed up to determine survival. Results Lunx mRNA was positive in 89 of 106 patients with pleural effusions caused by pulmonary carcinoma. The specificity and sensitivity were 95.9% and 84.9%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.922. Lunx mRNA detection was better than detection using cast-off cells and CEA. All of the Lunx-positive patients with MPEs were diagnosed with pulmonary carcinoma, and all extrapulmonary carcinoma patients were Lunx-negative. The positive predictive value of Lunx mRNA for the source of tumor cells was 100%. Lunx mRNA expression decreased after the first session of chemotherapy in the CR and PR groups, increased in the PD group, there was no change in the NC group. Further analysis indicated the change in direction of Lunx mRNA expression was associated with the overall survival of patients. The patients in the increased group had longer overall survival times than those in the decreased group. Conclusion Lunx mRNA is a specific tumor gene that is highly expressed in MPEs caused by pulmonary carcinoma. The changes in Lunx mRNA levels after chemotherapy can predict the prognosis of patients with MPEs caused by pulmonary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun; 130021, China
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Yu D, Du K, Liu T, Chen G. Prognostic value of tumor markers, NSE, CA125 and SCC, in operable NSCLC Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:11145-56. [PMID: 23712355 PMCID: PMC3709724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of tumor markers in operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 481 NSCLC patients were enrolled in the present study. High levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) were detected in 306 (63.6%), 89 (18.5%) and 125 (26.0%) patients, respectively. Seventy-eight of 481 patients died of disease progression, and the median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 16.0 and 21.0 months, respectively. The three-year DFS rate was 56.7%, and the OS rate was 75.3%. For serum NSE, the three-year cumulative DFS rate for the normal and elevated group was 67.7% and 51.8% (p = 0.007). The OS in patients with high and normal levels of NSE was 34.0 months and 48.0 months, respectively. The median DFS was 46.0 months versus 32.0 months (p = 0.001), and the OS was 48.0 months versus 44.0 months (p = 0.001) in patients with normal and high levels of CA125. For patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with elevated levels of SCC (p = 0.041). In the multivariate analysis high levels of NSE, CA125 and clinical stage were significantly correlated with worse prognosis (p < 0.05). Patients with all three tumor markers elevated presented the worst prognosis (p < 0.05). In our analysis, high levels of preoperative serum NSE and CA125 are correlated with worse survival in operable NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangfan Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +86-573-8285-2851; Fax: +86-573-8285-2853
| | - Kaiqi Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
| | - Taifeng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Corps Hospital, Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Jiaxing 314000, China; E-Mail:
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Bilgin E, Dizdar Y, Serilmez M, Soydinc HO, Yasasever CT, Duranyildiz D, Yasasever V. For Which Cancer Types can Neuron-Specific Enolase be Clinically Helpful in Turkish Patients? Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:2541-4. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.4.2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Midkine mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is a novel biomarker for primary non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 139:557-62. [PMID: 23224432 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Midkine (MK) mRNA was highly expressed in various human cancer tissues and cells. The present study aimed to investigate whether MK mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for patients having primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS MK mRNA level in PBMC from 87 patients with primary NSCLC, 35 patients with lung benign lesion (LEL), and 30 healthy volunteers was analyzed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The levels of serum carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and neuron-specific enolase were detected by chemiluminescent microparticle enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS PBMC MK mRNA level was significantly higher in patients with primary NSCLC than that in other groups (P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between LEL patients and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). Higher MK mRNA level was correlated with clinical stages (P = 0.026), differentiation (P = 0.025), and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.022) of NSCLC. Using a cutoff of 0.0063, the sensitivity and specificity of MK mRNA levels to differentiate between patients with NSCLC and patients with LEL were 57.47 and 93.33 %,and it were 56.32 and 93.33 % for patients with NSCLC and healthy volunteers, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate analysis indicated that PBMC MK mRNA level above the cutoff value presented a chance of 11-fold higher for NSCLC occurrence. CONCLUSIONS MK mRNA level in PBMC may be a potential non-invasive molecular marker for the diagnosis of primary NSCLC.
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