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Ren L, Wang L, Yi X, Tan Y, Yi L, He J, Li D. Ultrasound Microbubble-Stimulated miR-145-5p Inhibits Malignant Behaviors of Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting ACTG1. Ultrasound Q 2024; 40:136-143. [PMID: 38350033 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) technology combines ultrasound with a variety of functional microbubble vectors to enhance the transfection and expression of target genes, and has become a promising noninvasive method for localized gene transfer, which is widely used in gene therapy for cancer. This research aimed to explore the role of UTMD-mediated miR-145-5p on breast cancer (BC) tumorigenesis and the underlying mechanisms. To achieve UTMD-mediated miR-145-5p overexpression, BC cells were cotransfected with microbubbles (MBs) and miR-145-5p mimics. The BC cell malignant phenotypes were assessed through CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays. MiR-145-5p and actin gamma 1 (ACTG1) binding relationship was verified through luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. MiR-145-5p and ACTG1 levels in BC cells and tissues were detected through RT-qPCR and Western blotting. ACTG1 was upregulated, whereas miR-145-5p was downregulated in BC cells and tissues. MiR-145-5p targeted ACTG1 and negatively regulated its level in BC cells. Overexpressing miR-145-5p restrained BC cell growth, migration, and invasion. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction improved the overexpression efficiency of miR-145-5p and enhanced the suppressive influence on BC cell malignant phenotypes. In addition, ACTG1 overexpression compromises the repression of UTMD-mediated miR-145-5p on cellular behaviors in BC. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction-delivered miR-145-5p hindered malignant behaviors of BC cells through downregulating ACTG1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Li Wang
- Yichang Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Xuelin Yi
- Yichang Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Tan
- Yichang Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Lingxian Yi
- Yichang Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Jinlan He
- Yichang Yiling People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
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Molodtsova D, Guryev DV, Osipov AN. Composition of Conditioned Media from Radioresistant and Chemoresistant Cancer Cells Reveals miRNA and Other Secretory Factors Implicated in the Development of Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16498. [PMID: 38003688 PMCID: PMC10671404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- or radiotherapy is the main obstacle to consistent treatment outcomes in oncology patients. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms driving the development of resistance is required. This review focuses on secretory factors derived from chemo- and radioresistant cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) that mediate the development of resistance in unexposed cells. The first line of evidence considers the experiments with conditioned media (CM) from chemo- and radioresistant cells, CAFs, MSCs, and CSCs that elevate resistance upon the ionizing radiation or anti-cancer drug exposure of previously untreated cells. The composition of CM revealed factors such as circular RNAs; interleukins; plasminogen activator inhibitor; and oncosome-shuttled lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs that aid in cellular communication and transmit signals inducing the chemo- and radioresistance of sensitive cancer cells. Data, demonstrating that radioresistant cancer cells become resistant to anti-neoplastic drug exposure and vice versa, are also discussed. The mechanisms driving the development of cross-resistance between chemotherapy and radiotherapy are highlighted. The secretion of resistance-mediating factors to intercellular fluid and blood brings attention to its diagnostic potential. Highly stable serum miRNA candidates were proposed by several studies as prognostic markers of radioresistance; however, clinical studies are needed to validate their utility. The ability to predict a treatment response with the help of the miRNA resistance status database will help with the selection of an effective therapeutic strategy. The possibility of miRNA-based therapy is currently being investigated with ongoing clinical studies, and such approaches can be used to alleviate resistance in oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Molodtsova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Guryev
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andreyan N. Osipov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
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Xing P, Wang S, Cao Y, Liu B, Zheng F, Guo W, Huang J, Zhao Z, Yang Z, Lin X, Sang L, Liu Z. Treatment strategies and drug resistance mechanisms in adenocarcinoma of different organs. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 71:101002. [PMID: 37678078 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma is a common type of malignant tumor, originating from glandular epithelial cells in various organs, such as pancreas, breast, lung, stomach, colon, rectus, and prostate. For patients who lose the opportunity for radical surgery, medication is available to provide potential clinical benefits. However, drug resistance is a big obstacle to obtain desired clinical prognosis. In this review, we provide a summary of treatment strategies and drug resistance mechanisms in adenocarcinoma of different organs, including pancreatic cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and prostate cancer. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in drug resistance of adenocarcinoma vary from one organ to the other, there are several targets that are universal for drug resistance in adenocarcinoma, and targeting these molecules could potentially reverse drug resistance in the treatment of adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xing
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast Surgery, General Surgery,The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast Surgery, General Surgery,The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast Surgery, General Surgery,The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery,The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feifei Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junhao Huang
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingda Lin
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liang Sang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Contreras-Sanzón E, Carlos-Reyes Á, Sierra-Martínez M, Acosta-Altamirano G, Luna-Rivero C, Núñez-Corona D, García-Hernández AP, Ibarra-Sierra E, Vidrio-Morgado H, Alvarez-Sánchez ME, Marchat LA, López-Camarillo C. Metastatic breast tumors downregulate miR-145 regulating the hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry. Transl Oncol 2023; 33:101680. [PMID: 37121177 PMCID: PMC10172997 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells grow in three-dimensional (3D) channels-like structures denoted as vasculogenic mimicry (VM), which provides a route for nutrients and oxygen acquisition. VM is activated by hypoxia and associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. MetastamiRs are microRNAs regulating metastasis, however, if they control VM in breast cancer remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of VM-associated microRNAs in tumors of metastatic breast cancer patients. Firstly, we constructed microRNAs/mRNAs coregulation networks using expression data from TCGA databases. Dozens of microRNAs regulating genes involved in VM and metastasis were found. Of these, we selected 10 microRNAs for further characterization. The presence of VM in histological samples from patients with or without metastasis was evaluated using CD31-/PAS+ immunophenotyping. Remarkably, data showed that VM was significantly increased in tumors from patients with metastasis in comparison with no-metastatic group. Gene expression analysis indicated that miR-145, miR-142-3p, miR-31, miR-148a, miR-200b-3p and miR-526b were downregulated in primary tumors from patients with metastatic disease and positive for VM. Moreover, modulated microRNAs showed a predictive clinical value in overall survival in a cohort (n=1262) of breast cancer patients. Of these, we evaluated the role of miR-145 in formation of hypoxia-induced 3D channels-like using an in vitro model that recapitulates the early stages of VM. Data showed that miR-145 mimics was able to abolish the VM development in both metastatic Hs578t and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In conclusion, manipulation of miR-145 levels may represent a therapeutic approach in metastatic breast cancer patients that developed VM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Onco-inmunobiologia, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", CDMX, Mexico
| | - Mónica Sierra-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Salud del Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano
- Dirección de Planeación, Enseñanza e Investigación del Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Cesar Luna-Rivero
- Servicio de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", CDMX, Mexico
| | - David Núñez-Corona
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, CDMX, México
| | | | - Eloisa Ibarra-Sierra
- Departamento de Investigacion. Instituto Estatal de Cancerologia "Dr. Arturo Béltran Ortega", Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Horacio Vidrio-Morgado
- Departamento de Investigacion. Instituto Estatal de Cancerologia "Dr. Arturo Béltran Ortega", Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico
| | | | - Laurence A Marchat
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular II, Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, CDMX, México.
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Hajibabaei S, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F, Nafissi N, Zeinali S, Azizi M. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation of miR-335 and miR-145 is involved in breast cancer PD-L1 overexpression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1003. [PMID: 36653507 PMCID: PMC9849328 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27415-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 is one of the most important immune checkpoint molecules in breast cancer that plays an important role in suppressing the immune system when confronted with tumor cells and is regulated by various microRNAs. Among them, microRNA-335-3p and microRNA-145-5p, regulated by DNA methylation, have tumor suppressor activities. We studied the role of miR-335 and -145 on PD-L1 suppression in breast cancer. The expression of miR-355 and miR-145 was significantly downregulated in BC tissues and cell lines compared to their controls, and their downregulation was negatively correlated with PD-L1 overexpression. In-silico and luciferase reporter systems confirmed that miR-335 and -145 target PD-L1. In BC tissues and cell lines, cancer-specific methylation was found in CpG-rich areas upstream of miR-335 and-145, and up-regulation of PD-L1 expression was connected with hypermethylation (r = 0.4089, P = 0.0147, and r = 0.3373, P = 0.0475, respectively). The higher levels of miR-355 and -145 in BC cells induced apoptosis, arrested the cell cycle, and reduced proliferation significantly. In summary, we found that miR-335 and -145 are novel tumor suppressors inactivated in BC, and these miRs may serve as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hajibabaei
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Nafissi
- Breast Surgery Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69th Pasteur Street, Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Azizi
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 69th Pasteur Street, Kargar Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
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Circular RNA circ_0005667 promotes cisplatin resistance of endometrial carcinoma cells by regulating IGF2BP1 through miR-145-5p. Anticancer Drugs 2022:00001813-990000000-00156. [PMID: 36728962 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA) plays a significant role in cisplatin (DDP) resistance. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of circ_0005667 in DDP resistance of endometrial carcinoma (EC) cells. METHODS The expression of circular RNA circ_0005667, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) and insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) in DDP-sensitive and DDP-resistant EC tissues and EC cells was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of apoptosis-related proteins, drug resistance-related proteins and IGF2BP1 proteins were detected by western blot. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of DDP was determined using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. For functional assays, cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell apoptosis were determined using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, wound healing assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry assay, respectively. The binding relationship between miR-145-5p and circ_0005667 or IGF2BP1 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. A xenograft experiment was applied to clarify the functional role of circ_0005667 in vivo. RESULTS Levels of circ_0005667 and IGF2BP1 were markedly increased, whereas miR-145-5p was downregulated in DDP-resistant EC tissues and cells. The circ_0005667 deficiency could enhance DDP sensitivity, inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion and promote cell apoptosis in DDP-resistant EC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0005667 modulated IGF2BP1 expression through sponging miR-145-5p. In addition, miR-145-5p depletion attenuated circ_0005667 silencing-induced effects in EC cells. The regulation of miR-145-5p in DDP resistance involved low IGF2BP1 expression. In vivo experiments revealed that circ_0005667 silencing could improve the sensitivity of the tumor to DDP. CONCLUSION Circ_0005667 enhanced DDP resistance in EC by elevating IGF2BP1 through sponging miR-145-5p.
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Vishnubalaji R, Shaath H, Al-Alwan M, Abdelalim EM, Alajez NM. Reciprocal interplays between MicroRNAs and pluripotency transcription factors in dictating stemness features in human cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 87:1-16. [PMID: 36354097 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between microRNAs (miRNAs) and pluripotency transcription factors (TFs) orchestrates the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) features during the course of malignant transformation, rendering them essential cancer cell dependencies and therapeutic vulnerabilities. In this review, we discuss emerging themes in tumor heterogeneity, including the clonal evolution and the CSC models and their implications in resistance to cancer therapies, and then provide thorough coverage on the roles played by key TFs in maintaining normal and malignant stem cell pluripotency and plasticity. In addition, we discuss the reciprocal interactions between miRNAs and MYC, OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, and KLF4 pluripotency TFs and their contributions to tumorigenesis. We provide our view on the potential to interfere with key miRNA-TF networks through the use of RNA-based therapeutics as single agents or in combination with other therapeutic strategies, to abrogate the CSC state and render tumor cells more responsive to standard and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhakrishnan Vishnubalaji
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hibah Shaath
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Monther Al-Alwan
- Stem Cell and Tissue Re-Engineering Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam M Abdelalim
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation, PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center (TCIC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar; College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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Ansar M, Thu LTA, Hung CS, Su CM, Huang MH, Liao LM, Chung YM, Lin RK. Promoter hypomethylation and overexpression of TSTD1 mediate poor treatment response in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1004261. [PMID: 36419875 PMCID: PMC9676938 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1004261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations play a pivotal role in cancer treatment outcomes. Using the methylation array data and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we observed the hypomethylation and upregulation of thiosulfate sulfurtransferase–like domain containing 1 (TSTD1) in patients with breast cancer. We examined paired tissues from Taiwanese patients and observed that 65.09% and 68.25% of patients exhibited TSTD1 hypomethylation and overexpression, respectively. A significant correlation was found between TSTD1 hypomethylation and overexpression in Taiwanese (74.2%, p = 0.040) and Western (88.0%, p < 0.001) cohorts. High expression of TSTD1 protein was observed in 68.8% of Taiwanese and Korean breast cancer patients. Overexpression of TSTD1 in tumors of breast cancer patients was significantly associated with poor 5-year overall survival (p = 0.021) and poor chemotherapy response (p = 0.008). T47D cells treated with TSTD1 siRNA exhibited lower proliferation than the control group, and transfection of TSTD1 in MDA-MB-231 induced the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells compared to the vector control. Additionally, overexpression of TSTD1 in MCF7 cells mediated a poor response to chemotherapy by epirubicin (p < 0.001) and docetaxel (p < 0.001) and hormone therapy by tamoxifen (p =0.025). Circulating cell-free hypomethylated TSTD1 was detected in plasma of Taiwanese breast cancer patients with disease progression and poor chemotherapy efficacy. Our results indicate that promoter hypomethylation and overexpression of TSTD1 in patients with breast cancer are potential biomarkers for poor 5-year overall survival and poor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhamad Ansar
- Ph.D Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Le Thi Anh Thu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Quang Tri Medical College, Dong Ha, Quang Tri, Vietnam
| | - Chin-Sheng Hung
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Su
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Man-Hsu Huang
- Department of Pathology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Min Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Chung
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruo-Kai Lin
- Ph.D Program in the Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Clinical Trial Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ruo-Kai Lin,
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Hao F, Wang N, Gui H, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Wang J. Pseudogene UBE2MP1 derived transcript enhances in vitro cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through miR-145-5p/RGS3 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7906-7925. [PMID: 36214767 PMCID: PMC9596209 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudogenes are barely transcribed at normal, while the anomalous transcripts of them are mostly regarded as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play potential functions in human tumorigenicity and development. The exact effects of pseudogene-derived transcripts on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are ambiguous. According to our previous research and constructed database on the HCC-related lncRNAs, we noticed that UBE2MP1 was transcriptionally activated in HCC as a pseudogene from the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme member UBE2M. In this study, we validated the high expression of the UBE2MP1 transcript in HCC and its adverse correlation with dismal outcomes for the patients. UBE2MP1 depletion at the transcript level significantly impaired cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance in HCC cell lines. Notably, we discovered that the UBE2MP1 transcript shared a specific sequence, binding to the miR-145-5p seed region with a typical ceRNA effect. Simultaneously, we verified an axis of miR-145-5p/RGS3 in HCC cells, which promoted cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance with significance. And modulation of UE2MP1 could remarkably affect RGS3 expression and consequentially influence HCC cell growth in vitro. And combined with the rescue experiment modulating either miR-145-5p or RGS3 furtherly indicated UBE2MP1 as an upstream regulator of the axis in promoting HCC cell growth and maintenance. Thus, our findings provide new strategies for HCC prevention and individual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglian Gui
- Department of Infectious Disease, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People’s Republic of China
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Qiao Y, Wang B, Yan Y, Niu L. Long noncoding RNA ST8SIA6-AS1 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer by targeting miR-145-5p/CDCA3 to inactivate the p53/p21 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2398-2411. [PMID: 35730485 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, always exhibits a poor prognosis due to high risk of early recurrence and distant metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported as crucial regulators in breast cancer. However, the functions and action mechanisms of lncRNA ST8SIA6-AS1 in TNBC are largely unknown. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays were used to measure the expression levels of different genes and proteins. Cell proliferation ability was monitored by CCK-8, colony forming and flow cytometry assays. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell migration and invasion. The regulatory mechanisms of ST8SIA6-AS1 in TNBC were confirmed by dual luciferase reporter and RIP assays. A mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the role of ST8SIA6-AS1 in TNBC tumor growth. RESULTS ST8SIA6-AS1 displayed a higher expression in TNBC cells. Silencing ST8SIA6-AS1 impaired cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion in vitro, and slowed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, ST8SIA6-AS1 could facilitate the expression of its target CDCA3 (cell division cycle associated protein 3) and inactivate the p53/p21 signaling by inhibiting miR-145-5p. Moreover, miR-145-5p exerted a tumor-suppressive activity by targeting CDCA3. The tumor-suppressive effects induced by ST8SIA6-AS1 knockdown were abated by the down-regulation of miR-145-5p or the up-regulation of CDCA3. CONCLUSION ST8SIA6-AS1 exerts an oncogenic role in TNBC by interacting with miR-145-5p to up-regulate CDCA3 expression and inactivate the p53/p21 signaling, highlighting ST8SIA6-AS1 as a promising molecular target to combat TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ligang Niu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Du S, Yang J, Cao X, Jiang L, Zu M, Zhao Q. Overexpression of Metastasis-Associated in Colon Cancer 1-Antisense RNA 1 (MACC1-AS1) in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BMSCs) Inhibits miR-145-5P and Promotes Chemotherapy Resistance of Colorectal Cancer. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2022.3078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BMSCs have the potential of multipotent differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between MACC1-AS1 and miR-145-5P in BMSCs and their effect on chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). BMSCs extracted from mouse marrow were transfected with MACC1-AS1
mimic, or MACC1-AS1 NC (control group). CRC cells were treated wtih gemcitabine and then co-cultured with BMSCs to measure cell viability and invasiveness by MTT and Transwell assay, along with analysis of the expression of MACC1, miR-145-5P, HGF, C-met, P-gp, and MRP. Successful isolation
of BMSCs was confirmed by flow cytometry with positive expression of CD44, CD105, and CD90 (purity > 95%). Functionally, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in BMSCs increased CRC cell viability and invasion, attenuated the inhibitory effect of gemcitabine (p < 0.05). Up-regulation of
MACC1-AS1 (9.23±1.21) as demonstrated by RT-qPCR, resulted in a decline of miR-145-5P expression (4.23±1.22) in CRC cells (p < 0.05). In addition, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 increased the expression of HGF, C-met, and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (P-gp,
and MRP). In conclusion, overexpression of MACC1-AS1 in BMSCs inhibits miR-145-5P expression to promote colorectal cancer cell progression possibly via activating HGF/C-met pathway and inducing resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Du
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Junna Yang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xingwei Cao
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Mingli Zu
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Qingchao Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy, The Number Two Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
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Zhang T, Yu S, Zhao S. Hsa_circ_0005100 regulates tumorigenicity of colorectal carcinoma via miR-145-5p/MACC1 axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24533. [PMID: 35766445 PMCID: PMC9396189 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of RNA molecules involved in the regulation of cancer progression, including colorectal carcinoma (CRC); nevertheless, their regulation mode is blurry. In the present work, we attempted to reveal the characteristics of hsa_hsa_circ_0005100 in CRC. METHODS Differential expressions of hsa_circ_0005100, FMN2 mRNA, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and MACC1 were indicated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The capacities of cell growth and motility were validated by the MTT assay, flow cytometry assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay. Moreover, the targeted relationship of miR-145-5p and hsa_circ_0005100 or MACC1 was distinguished by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The animal experiment was implemented to confirm the influence of hsa_circ_0005100 on tumorigenesis in vivo. RESULTS Hsa_circ_0005100 and MACC1 expression levels were increased, but miR-145-5p expression level was diminished in CRC. Hsa_circ_0005100 knockdown repressed cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion, while expedited cell apoptosis in CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-145-5p was disclosed to block CRC via overturning MACC1. Hsa_circ_0005100 targeted miR-145-5p to modulate MACC1. Additionally, hsa_circ_0005100 knockdown also attenuated tumorigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION Hsa_circ_0005100 was a vital regulator in the development of CRC by miR-145-5p/MACC1 axis, which deepened the understanding of CRC pathogenesis from circRNA insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Suyang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shipeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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13
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Expression profiling of cancer-related long non-coding RNAs revealed upregulation and biomarker potential of HAR1B and JPX in colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6075-6084. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Dey A, Kundu M, Das S, Jena BC, Mandal M. Understanding the function and regulation of Sox2 for its therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188692. [PMID: 35122882 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sox family of transcriptional factors play essential functions in development and are implicated in multiple clinical disorders, including cancer. Sox2 being their most prominent member and performing a critical role in reprogramming differentiated adult cells to an embryonic phenotype is frequently upregulated in multiple cancers. High Sox2 levels are detected in breast tumor tissues and correlate with a worse prognosis. In addition, Sox2 expression is connected with resistance to conventional anticancer therapy. Together, it can be said that inhibiting Sox2 expression can reduce the malignant features associated with breast cancer, including invasion, migration, proliferation, stemness, and chemoresistance. This review highlights the critical roles played by the Sox gene family members in initiating or suppressing breast tumor development, while primarily focusing on Sox2 and its role in breast tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression, elucidates the probable mechanisms that control its activity, and puts forward potential therapeutic strategies to inhibit its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Dey
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Moumita Kundu
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Subhayan Das
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Bikash Chandra Jena
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- Cancer Biology Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur), Kharagpur, West Bengal, India..
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15
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Abstract
The proliferation, metastasis and therapy response of tumour cells are tightly regulated by interaction among various signalling networks. The microRNAs (miRNAs) can bind to 3'-UTR of mRNA and down-regulate expression of target gene. The miRNAs target various molecular pathways in regulating biological events such as apoptosis, differentiation, angiogenesis and migration. The aberrant expression of miRNAs occurs in cancers and they have both tumour-suppressor and tumour-promoting functions. On the contrary, SOX proteins are capable of binding to DNA and regulating gene expression. SOX2 is a well-known member of SOX family that its overexpression in different cancers to ensure progression and stemness. The present review focuses on modulatory impact of miRNAs on SOX2 in affecting growth, migration and therapy response of cancers. The lncRNAs and circRNAs can function as upstream mediators of miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancers. In addition, NF-κB, TNF-α and SOX17 are among other molecular pathways regulating miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancer. Noteworthy, anti-cancer compounds including bufalin and ovatodiolide are suggested to regulate miRNA/SOX2 axis in cancers. The translation of current findings to clinical course can pave the way to effective treatment of cancer patients and improve their prognosis.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Sharifzadeh SO, Soleymani L, Daneshi S, Hushmandi K, Khan H, Kumar AP, Aref AR, Samarghandian S. New insight towards development of paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance in cancer cells: EMT as a novel molecular mechanism and therapeutic possibilities. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111824. [PMID: 34175815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis and migration of cancer cells to neighboring cells and tissues. Morphologically, epithelial cells are transformed to mesenchymal cells, and at molecular level, E-cadherin undergoes down-regulation, while an increase occurs in N-cadherin and vimentin levels. Increasing evidence demonstrates role of EMT in mediating drug resistance of cancer cells. On the other hand, paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) are two chemotherapeutic agents belonging to taxene family, capable of inducing cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via preventing microtubule depolymerization. Aggressive behavior of cancer cells resulted from EMT-mediated metastasis can lead to PTX and DTX resistance. Upstream mediators of EMT such as ZEB1/2, TGF-β, microRNAs, and so on are involved in regulating response of cancer cells to PTX and DTX. Tumor-suppressing factors inhibit EMT to promote PTX and DTX sensitivity of cancer cells. Furthermore, three different strategies including using anti-tumor compounds, gene therapy and delivery systems have been developed for suppressing EMT, and enhancing cytotoxicity of PTX and DTX against cancer cells that are mechanistically discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Mohan A, Raj Rajan R, Mohan G, Kollenchery Puthenveettil P, Maliekal TT. Markers and Reporters to Reveal the Hierarchy in Heterogeneous Cancer Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:668851. [PMID: 34150761 PMCID: PMC8209516 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.668851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A subpopulation within cancer, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), regulates tumor initiation, chemoresistance, and metastasis. At a closer look, CSCs show functional heterogeneity and hierarchical organization. The present review is an attempt to assign marker profiles to define the functional heterogeneity and hierarchical organization of CSCs, based on a series of single-cell analyses. The evidences show that analogous to stem cell hierarchy, self-renewing Quiescent CSCs give rise to the Progenitor CSCs with limited proliferative capacity, and later to a Progenitor-like CSCs, which differentiates to Proliferating non-CSCs. Functionally, the CSCs can be tumor-initiating cells (TICs), drug-resistant CSCs, or metastasis initiating cells (MICs). Although there are certain marker profiles used to identify CSCs of different cancers, molecules like CD44, CD133, ALDH1A1, ABCG2, and pluripotency markers [Octamer binding transcriptional factor 4 (OCT4), SOX2, and NANOG] are used to mark CSCs of a wide range of cancers, ranging from hematological malignancies to solid tumors. Our analysis of the recent reports showed that a combination of these markers can demarcate the heterogeneous CSCs in solid tumors. Reporter constructs are widely used for easy identification and quantification of marker molecules. In this review, we discuss the suitability of reporters for the widely used CSC markers that can define the heterogeneous CSCs. Since the CSC-specific functions of CD44 and CD133 are regulated at the post-translational level, we do not recommend the reporters for these molecules for the detection of CSCs. A promoter-based reporter for ABCG2 may also be not relevant in CSCs, as the expression of the molecule in cancer is mainly regulated by promoter demethylation. In this context, a dual reporter consisting of one of the pluripotency markers and ALDH1A1 will be useful in marking the heterogeneous CSCs. This system can be easily adapted to high-throughput platforms to screen drugs for eliminating CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Mohan
- Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Reshma Raj Rajan
- Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Gayathri Mohan
- Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Abak A, Abbas Raza SH, Pichler M, Taheri M. Role of non-coding RNAs in modulating the response of cancer cells to paclitaxel treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111172. [PMID: 33360156 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic substance that is administered for treatment of an extensive spectrum of human malignancies. In spite of its potent short-term effects against tumor cells, resistance to paclitaxel occurs in a number of patients precluding its long-term application in these patients. Non-coding RNAs have been shown to influence response of cancer cells to this chemotherapeutic agent via different mechanisms. Mechanistically, these transcripts regulate expression of several genes particularly those being involved in the apoptotic processes. Lots of in vivo and in vitro assays have demonstrated the efficacy of oligonucleotide-mediated microRNAs (miRNA)/ long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) silencing in enhancement of response of cancer cells to paclitaxel. Therefore, targeted therapies against non-coding RNAs have been suggested as applicable modalities for combatting resistance to this agent. In the present review, we provide a summary of studies which assessed the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs in conferring resistance to paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, China
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Participation of MicroRNAs in the Treatment of Cancer with Phytochemicals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204701. [PMID: 33066509 PMCID: PMC7587345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health concern and one of the main causes of disease-related death. Even with considerable progress in investigations on cancer therapy, effective anti-cancer agents and regimens have thus far been insufficient. There has been compelling evidence that natural phytochemicals and their derivatives have potent anti-cancer activities. Plant-based anti-cancer agents, such as etoposide, irinotecan, paclitaxel, and vincristine, are currently being applied in medical treatments for patients with cancer. Further, the efficacy of plenty of phytochemicals has been evaluated to discover a promising candidate for cancer therapy. For developing more effective cancer therapy, it is required to apprehend the molecular mechanism deployed by natural compounds. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been realized to play a pivotal role in regulating cellular signaling pathways, affecting the efficacy of therapeutic agents in cancer. This review presents a feature of phytochemicals with anti-cancer activity, focusing mainly on the relationship between phytochemicals and miRNAs, with insights into the role of miRNAs as the mediators and the regulators of anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals.
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